SEPTEMBER 1995 Revealed! When the P6 Is Slower than the Pentium p. 24 Telephony's Killer App p. 215 CompuServe, AOL, Prodigy: Which Wins Web War? p. 229 best COMPUTER S top » PROGRAMS biggest T ECHNOLOG IES! most influential PEOPLE MM Error Messages IWBugs Anang Hacker Feats AND MORE- re— - . . .„^s&L/'* MumgjgptMW _J »JMEDO ^^§s^^g ^=i^ii^w- Stellar Performance icron is fast becoming 1 the industry leader in # personal computer design, engi- PD3 Millennia plus • Intel 133MHz Pentium* processor • 256K Micron SyncBursf cache, Flash BIOS • PCI 32-bit Fast SCSI-2 controller • 6X SCSI-2 CD-ROM drive, 3.5" floppy • SoundBlaster 16 stereo sound & speakers • PCI 64-bit graphics accelerator (2MB) • Tool-Free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD • MS Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs A • 16MB EDO RAM • 1GB SCSI-2 hard drive •1S"Micron1SFGx l 1280Nl f .28mm $ 3A99 (Business Lease Sl19/month) B • 32MB EDO RAM • 2GB SCSI-2 hard drive •1S"Micron15FGx,1280Nl f .28mm $ 4,499 (Business Lease 5153/month) C • 64MB EDO RAM • 4GB SCSI-2 hard drive •17"Micron17FGx,1280NI,.28mm 0/4"" (Business Lease $213/month) D*» 128MB EDO RAM • 9GB SCSI-2 hard drive •21"Micron21FGx,1600NI,.28mm 1 f/^r«#2# (Business Lease $369/month) 'Option not available in desktop P75 POWErStAHON neering and manufacturing. Right off the production line, Micron PCs are receiving awards and critical acclaim for exception- al quality, record-breaking speed and dependable performance. Everywhere you turn, Fortune 500 corporations, mid-size busi- • Intel 75MHz Pentium processor • 256K write-back cache, Flash BIOS •4XEIDE CD-ROM drive, 3.5" floppy • SoundBlaster 16 stereo sound & speakers • PCI 64-bit graphics accelerator (2MB) • Tool-Free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD A • 8MB EDO RAM • 850MB EIDE hard drive •15"Micron15FGx,1028NI,.28mm • MS Works Multimedia CD 1,899 B • 16MB EDO RAM • 1.2GB EIDE hard drive •1S"Micron1SFGx,1280NI,.28mm • MS Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs A>/«J«7«# (Business Lease SB5/month) C • 32MB EDO RAM • 1.6GB EIDE hard drive • 17"Micron 17FGx, 1280NI,.28mm • MS Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs «3/4r«#«7 (Business Lease $119/month) • With 90MHz Pentium processor. add $100 • With 100MHz Pentium processor.....add $200 (Business Lease $71/month) P90 POWERStAHON • Intel 90MHz Pentium processor • 256K write-back cache, Flash BIOS •4X EIDE CD-ROM drive, 3.5" floppy • SoundBlaster 16 stereo sound & speakers • PCI 64-bit graphics accelerator (2MB) • Tool-Free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD • With 100MHz Pentium processor.. ...add $100 A • 8MB EDO RAM • 850MB EIDE hard drive • 15"Micron 15FGx, 1280NI, .28mm • MS Works Multimedia CD MgmfmJmJ (Business Lease $71/month) B • 16MB EDO RAM • 1.2GB EIDE hard drive •1S"Micron1SFGx, 1280NI,.28mm • MS Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs $ 2A99 (Business Lease SB9/month) i.mwi :ia Ehe e DIT0RS' EDITORS' CHOICE CHOICE :.MWi:ia EDITORS' CHOICE MM djMMf XL bmirj May 30, 1995 Pi 20 MILLENNIA June 28. 1994 P90PCI POWERSTATlON May 16, 1995 P90 HOME MPC July 1995 P90 HOME MPC February 1995 P90 HOME MPC October 1994 P90PCI POWERSTATlON Pentium nesses and home offices are dis- covering the benefits of buying a Micron computer. P133 PowerServer smp • Intel 133MHz Pentium processor • Dual Pentium SMP ZIF sockets • 51 2K write-back cache, Flash BIOS •Slots: 5 EISA, 2 PCI, 1 EISA/PCI • PCI 32-bit Fast SCSI-2 controller • 4X SCSI-2 CD ROM drive, 3.5" floppy • PCI 64-bit graphics accelerator (2MB) • Full-size tower with 10 drive bays • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD A • 16MB RAM • 1GB SCSI-2 hard drive •1S"Micron1SFGx, 1280NI,.28mm J,HHH (Business Lease $l36/month) B • 32MB RAM • 2GB SCSI-2 hard drive •15"Micron15FGx,1280NI, .2Bmm *TfrmfmJmJ (Business Lease S170/month) • With second 133MHz Pentium processor....add $999 • With Windows NT Workstation CD add $249 P133 Home MPC Pro The Ultimate Home Office Performance System P133 Home MPC Pro • Intel 133MHz Pentium* processor • 256K Micron SyncBursf cache, Flash BIOS • 16MB EDO RAM, 1.2GB EIDE hard drive • 4X EIDE CD-ROM drive, 3.5" floppy • SoundBlaster 16 stereo sound & speakers • 14.4 Fax/Modem, speakerphone, voice mail • PCI 64 -bit graphics accelerator (2MB) •17" Micron 17FGx,1280NI,.28mm • Tool-Free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD • MS Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs • Microsoft Scenes: Sports Extremes; Microsoft Bob CD; Microsoft Encarta 95 CD; Quicken Deluxe Edition CD; Microsoft Dangerous Creatures CD; Microsoft Golf Multimedia CD; Trial Subscriptions for CompuServe, America OnLine & Prodigy. ™mtc EDITORS' CHOICE May 16, 1995 P90 HOME MPC EBB c© July 1995 P90 HOME MPC %499 P75 Home MPC • Intel 75MHz Pentium processor • 256K write-back cache, Flash BIOS • 8MB EDO RAM, 850MB EIDE hard drive •4X EIDE CD-ROM drive, 3. 5" floppy • SoundBlaster" 16 stereo sound & speakers • 14.4 Fax/Modem, speakerphone, voice mail • PCI 64 -bit graphics accelerator (2MB) •15" Micron 15FGx,1280NI,.28mm • Tool-Free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS & Windows for Workgroups CD • Microsoft Works Multimedia CD • Microsoft Scenes: Sports Extremes; Microsoft Bob CD; Microsoft Encarta 95 CD; Quicken Deluxe Edition CD; Microsoft Dangerous Creatures CD; Microsoft Golf Multimedia CD; Trial Subscriptions for CompuServe, America OnLine & Prodigy. %999 pentium Micron Electronics, Inc., 900 E. Karcher Road, Nampa, ID 83687 • Mon-Fri 7AM-8PM Sat 8AM-5PM (MT) 208-463-3434 • FAX 208-463-3424 • Purchase Order FAX 208-467-5384 International Sales 208-465-8970 International FAX 208-465-8993 l&l fr°ro Mexico Call 95-800-708-1755 From Puerto Rico Call 1*1*1 From Canada Call 800-708-1756 WtU 800-708-1758 © 1995 Micron Electronics. Inc. All rights reserved. All prices and specifics I ions subject to change without notice. Micron Electronics. Inc. cannot be responsible tor omissions and/or errors in typography or photography. "Mart; Your Place With The Leaded is a service mark ot Micron Electronics. Inc.. Intel, Intel Inside, and Pentium are registered trademarks of the Intel Corporation. Mcrosoft is a registered trademark and Windows. Windows NT and the Windows logos aro trademarks ot Microsoft Corporation. AD other company trademaiks aro trade names ot each respective company. Prices do not inducts shipping and handling. 30-day risk-free money back guarantee does not include return freight and original ship- ping/handli ng charges, applies only to Micron brand products, and begins from date of shipment. All returns require RMA numbers and must be shipped j n the original condition pre- paid and insured. Lease prices based on 36-month lease. • With 90MHz Pentium processor. add 5100 • With 100MHz Pentium processor. add S200 Its Your Call! 800-233-7027 MICRON ELECTRONICS, INC. The Future of Windows Tm Micron Millennia "Buyers looking for the fastest system money can buy will find it in the Micron Millennia. " PC Week, May, 1995 And the reason for the Micron PI 20 Millennia's amazing ability to far outperform the com- ^^^— petition? It's exclusive jPtPpR dynamic combina- tion of Microns EDO (Extended Data Out) Memory and SyncBurst™ cache, providing signif- icant perfor- mance gains over previous memory designs. Once again, another major breakthrough in computing performance innova- tion from Micron, the technology leader. P120 Millennia • Intel 1 20MHz Pentium® processor • 256K Micron SyncBurst cache, Flash BIOS • 4X EIDE CD-ROM drive, 3.5" floppy drive • SoundBlaster 1 " 1 6 stereo sound & speakers • PCI 64-bit graphics accelerator (2MB) • Tool-free mini-tower or desktop • Microsoft® Mouse, 101 -key keyboard • MS-DOS® & Windows® for Workgroups CD A • 8MB EDO RAM, 850MB EIDE hard drive • 15" Micron 15FGx,1280NI, .28mm • Microsoft Works Multimedia CD A/^T«r«r (Business Lease SB9/month) B • 1 6MB EDO RAM, 1 .2GB EIDE hard drive • 15" Micron 15FGx,1280NI, .28mm • Microsoft Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs A/wr«r«r (Business Lease $107/month) C • 32MB EDO RAM, 1 .6GB EIDE hard drive •17" Micron 17FGx,1280NI, ,28mm • Microsoft Office Pro 4.3 & MS Bookshelf CDs fr/ \J*JZ? (Business Lease $1 40/montti) . P133 Millennia add*f 00 ; Circle 98 on Inquiry Card. "The Millennia is nothing short of the best all-around PC available on the Market today " PC Magazine, April 25, 1995 According to PC Magazine's most recent Windows based tests, EDITH the Micron P120 CHOICE Millennia is a star per- May3o,i995 former." The Millennia P120 MILLENNIA garnered the highest Graphics WinMark score ever seen, in addition to a top-notch Winstone score. pentium MICRON I ELECTRONICS, INC. 800-233-7027 This yard with V\0 f enCgS ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ Mjcrosoft ifflStart] Microsoft WHERE DO YOU WANT TO GO TODAY?" - - i~*—^£m£.*~mm nouhcing new Micfosoflf Office for Windows® 95.- , ' I Software that doesn't hold you back. Software that presents fewer obstacles. Five integrated applications, one entirely new approach to the way they work. it's not merely an "upgrade:' It's not just about new features and new buttons. It's about easier, more intuitive access to capabilities old and new. Software that speaks your language, that answers your questions. Now you have ja suite of productivity programs designed to take advantage of Windows 95. Programs that let you focus on your work, not on your software. Office LTeKgrieClWWJnckwsr95... S- L 1 IE £ li M LS i£ U II Message from the Editor 53 Top 20 Small Systems ^k: ■ ■ ■ ^ Top 20 Software Products 64 Most Important Chips. ................ . . 74 Most Important Networking Products/. . 79 The Best Things On-line ^Ji^ Most Important Companies. .... . . Wrf. 99 Top 20 Technologies .............. ... 10! Notorious Bugs. I The 20 Most Important People . 20 Spectacular Failures Noted and Notorious Hacker Feats. . ... 151 Features MANAGEMENT .37 Assets on the Line BY SALVATORE SALAMONE You can cut support costs if you've got an inventory of hardware and software. REMOTE ACCESS You Can Take It with You 41 BY JEFFREY FRITZ So you're working in Hooterville and that file you need is on a server at the home office in Chicago. No problem. With digital services like ISDN, and even analog technology, you can connect to the corporate network. State of the Art COMPUTER TELEPHONY Collision! 199 BY RUSSELL KAY Tying together telephones and computers is a great concept. New tech- nologies, products, and standards are finally taking computer telephony beyond the concept stage and into your office. ■ ■ ■ i§> 1 Standard Issue 201 BY JAMES BURTON When there was just one phone company, standards and inter- operability weren't even ques- tions. Now we've got multiple answers. Strategic Industry Alliances — 203 A Checklist for Making CTI Decisions— 206 Building Telephony Applications 211 BY JAMES BURTON As more organizations use com- puter telephony, those that don't may be at a competitive disadvantage. Here's a guide to development tools you'll need to construct computer telephony systems. 4v-^vii? /lis Us MimWwS^^^^ -J§S& Telephony's Killer App 215 BYJOHNP.MELLOJR. It's going to take unique software to make telephony a gotta-have-it resource. Here are some of the contenders that might be natural- born killers, including PhoneNotes, FastCall, and VoiceView. Wildfire: One Wild and Not-So-Crazy Helper— 216 II Web Search 223 BY JON UDELL Why wait for the Web equivalent of the Dewey decimal system? You can index your Web collection now. Here are a couple of ways to do it. Plus tips on naming, hot links, and the answer to the question, "What About WAIS?" News & Views PROCESSORS P6 Weakness Revealed 24 People who buy the first computers based on Intel's P6 processor will be in for a surprise when they run 1 6-bit DOS and Windows applications. According to benchmarks, a Pentium runs 16-bit DOS/Windows programs faster than a P6 at the same clock speed, even though the next-generation P6 is supposed to be a "faster" CPU. LITTLE THINKING MACHINES PC Power Comes to the Calculator. . . 25 Texas Instruments plans to release a new calculator that's a whole lot smarter than its predecessors. WINDOWS DEVELOPMENT Delphi and VB Turn 32 26 New versions of Borland's Delphi and Microsoft's Visual Basic have stronger client/server and OLE development capabilities for 32-bit programs. BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Reviews ON-LINE SERVICES Gateways to the Internet 229 BY GEORGE BOND A veteran Internet roamer finds that the Big Three on-line services offer adequate but pricey gateways to the Net. Convenience, but at What Price?— 229 MSN: Desktop Internet— 231 NOTEBOOK COMPUTERS Presentation Quality 233 BY EDMUND X. DEJESUS IBM's slick new screen technology turns the ThinkPad 755CV into a remote-control color presentation panel. OPERATING SYSTEMS Networking at Warp Speed 235 BY BARRY NANCE If OS/2's technical advantages don't wow you, maybe Warp Connect's networking goodies will. This 32-bit OS bundle includes peer services, LAN requesters, a slick approach to over-the-wire installation, and a passel of handy programs. COLOR PRINTERS .239 To Print a Rainbow BY TOM THOMPSON Second-generation color lasers from Apple and Tektronix set new standards for print quality, network connectivity, and ease of maintenance. GRAPHICS ACCELERATORS .243 3-D Graphics Go Zoom BY GREG LOVERIA Intergraph and Omnicomp offer two different routes to the land of glorious photo- realistic images — a workstation and a plug-in PC card. DISK ARRAYS Lab Report: 16 Fast, Reliable RAID Subsystems 248 We test a wide array of disk subsystems that minimize network downtime and maximize storage space, then pick the best RAIDs for database servers and audio/ video applications. How Error Correction Works— 250 ■ fP File Servers with RAID— 252 In How We Tested— 254 p Software RAID Solutions— 256 ; Honorable Mentions — 259 I Helpful Hints— 259 ■■'■^..^^^ Core lectinol CPUS Endian Issues 263 BY WILLIAM STALLINGS Different processors have incompatible memory- storage arrangements, but the PowerPC can handle them all. PROGRAMMING TheJoyofJ 267 BYD1CKPOUNTAIN Successor to APL, the J language extends its ancestor's expressiveness and power. And you don't need a special keyboard. PROCESSOR TRENDS New 486 Chips Deliver Inexpensive Power 30 The 486 might be reaching the end of its life, but it isn't dead yet. AMDhas developed twonew chips that shatter 486 speed barriers and offer Pentium-level performance at low-end prices. Meanwhile, Cyrix has developed an unusual new CPU that's a cross between a 486 and a 586-class chip. MULTIMEDIA .32 Interactive Music Videos Arrive for Macs and PCs New interactive CDs, such as Todd Rundgren's "multimedia album" The Individualist, will bring the humble audio CD into the era of i nteractive content delivery using desktop multimedia systems. NEW PRODUCTS What's New 286 Dell's new Latitude XPi P90T notebook combines low-voltage Pentium power with impressive battery life. Plus, Micro Energetics' Nightware provides power management for printers; Horizons Tech- nology's LAN record meters software for NetWare LANs; and more. OPERATING SYSTEMS Springtime at Sun 271 BYDOUGTAMASANIS Many of the concepts in Sun's experimental Spring system will bloom in Solaris. NETWORKS Tuning In to ISDN 273 BY JEFFREY FRITZ Satellite and radio technology are breaking the earthly limits of terrestrial ISDN. Opinion: .275 Pournelle: Of COM Porte & Digital Frogs . BY JERRY POURNELLE Jerry explores painless dissection with Digital Frog, then settles down for more bloodless surgery as he tries to make communications software work under Windows 95. Books & CD-ROMs: How to Optimize Your PowerPC Code 33 BY TOM THOMPSON, ALAN JOCH, AND RICH FRIEDMAN Writing faster native code; plus, commerce on the Internet, and pool and nostalgia CD-ROMs. Commentary: Dreaming of the Future .... 330 BY DOUGLAS ENGELBART Can digital technology make a better world? Improve our collective IQ? In the dreams of this visionary inventor it can. Editorial by Raphael needlem an 10 Letters 18 Readers' comments on the BYTE Network Project, Internet censorship, and the trouble with Microsoft. Reader Survey 282 READER SERVICE Editorial Index by Company 328 Alphabetical Index to Advertisers ...324 Index to Advertisers by Product Category 326 1 nquiry Reply Cards 132A, 326A BUYER'S GUIDE 291 Mail Order Hardware/Software Showcase Buyer's Mart PROGRAM LISTINGS FTP: ftp to ftp.byte.com From BIX: Join "Hstings/frombyte95" and select the appropriate subarea (i.e., "sep95." From the BYTE BBS at 1200-9600 bps: Dial (603) 924-9820 and follow the instructions at the prompt. Bulk Rate US Postage PAID McGraw-Hill Third class mail enclosed, edition codes: W1C, W1D, W1E, W1F, WIG BYTE (ISSN 0360-5280) is published monthly by McGraw-Hill, Inc. U.S. subscriber rate $29.95 per year. In Canada and Mexico, $34.95 per year. Euro- pean surface maii subscriptions $6 0, aiimail $85. Non- European subscriptions, S60 surface mail or S85 air- mail. All foreign subscriptions are payable in U.S. funds thatcan be drawn on a U.S. bank. Single copies S3 .50 in the U.S., $4.50 in Canada. Executive, Edito- rial, Circulation, and Advertising Offices: One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458. Second-class postage paid at Peterborough, NH, and additional mailing offices. Postage paid at Winnipeg, Manitoba. Canada Post International Publications Mail Product Sales Agreement No. 246492. Registered for GST as McGraw-Hill, Inc., GST #123 075673. Printed in the United States of America. Postmaster: Send ad- dress changes and fulfillment questions to BYTE Sub- scriptions, P.O. Box 552, Hightstown, NJ 08520. COVER IMAGE: BRIAN DAY ©1995 SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE BYT Contents by Platform Index This page presents the articles in this issue according to computing platform. DOS/WINDOWS P6 Weakness Revealed 24 There's something weird about running 16-bit DOS and Windows applications on Intel's new-generation P6 CPU. The software would actually run faster on an old-time Pentium PC. Delphi and VBTurn 32 26 Upcoming versions of visual develop- ment tools from Borland and Microsoft will let you build 32-bit programs that take advantage of new features and in- terface elements in Windows 95. An- other 32-bit bonus is NT compatibility. New 486 Chips Deliver Inexpensive Power 30 You don't have to buy a Pentium to get better-than-486 performance. AMD and Cyrix have designed new high-speed CPUs that blow Intel's 486 out of the water. Systems based on these new chips promise to be inexpensive. Interactive Music Videos Arrive for Macs and PCs 32 The new CD Plus format will bring multimedia music discs you can play in your PC. Assets on the Line 37 Keeping track of all the hardware and software in an organization can be a full-time job. Vendors are designing products that can help. Building Telephony Applications 211 New development tools, many of them based on Visual Basic, can help you construct a voice-processing system. Telephony's Killer App 215 What's it going to take to make tele- phony a technology everybody's got to have? Some of these PC applications might do it. The BYTE Network Project: Web Search 223 Windows NT tools help index the BYTE Web site. Gateways to the Internet. ... 2 2 9 Which on-line service has the best Web browser — America Online, Compu- Serve, or Prodigy? Presentation Quality 233 IBM's innovative display technology sharpens up the ThinkPad. TO Print a RainbOW 239 1 2/600 and Tektronix's Phaser 540. The New color lasers from Apple and Tek- tronix give you better output, and they're easier to maintain than last year's sub-$l 0,000 color lasers. 3-D Graphics Go Zoom 243 We review two different ways to get glorious graphics on a Windows machine. One's a complete system, one's an accelerator board. Pournelle: Of COM Ports and Digital Frogs 275 Jerry goes to Microsoft for another Windows 95 dog and pony show. Back home, he uncovers more anomalies in the new operating system. Preview: Impressive Battery Life in a Laptop Pentium PC 286 Dell's new Latitude line of lightweight computers — based on the new low- voltage Pentium — really knows how to wring the juice out of a battery. Building Telephony Applications 211 Want to construct a voice-processing system? You don't have to abandon your favorite operating system to do it. Several telephony development tools run under OS/2. Networking at Warp Speed 235 IBM has made its 32-bit operating sys- tem even more enticing by adding peer- to-peer networking, LAN requesters, and a ton of communications goodies. Plus, the new configuration process makes network installation a breeze. Pournelle: Of COM Ports and Digital Frogs 275 Jerry checks out "nifty" Warp Connect and likes the way it handles multiple tasks and windows. MACNT0SH Interactive Music Videos Arrive for Macs and PCs. ..... 3 2 New discs in the CD Plus format will mean you can play "multimedia albums" on your Macintosh. One of the first comes from longtime Mac user Todd Rundgren. His new CD will even let you play video director. To Print a Rainbow 239 Tom Thompson reviews two new color laser printers: Apple's Color Laser output, he finds, could mean bad news for makers of dye-sublimation printers. Building Telephony Applications 211 OmniVox (from Apex Voice Communi- cations), Apprentice (from CTI Informa- tion Services), and 1VS Builder/Server (from MediaSoft Telecom) are Unix- based tools for telephony. Springtime at Sun 271 Wondering what future versions of the Solaris operating system will be like? SunSoft's new Spring, an OS equivalent of the "concept car," will give you someclues. Many of the features ofSpring will eventually migrate to SunSoft's commercial system. NETWORKS Assets on the Line 37 New products and collaborative efforts will help you keep track of your enter- prise's hardware and software. You Can Take It with You 41 Accessing the corporate network from afar no longer requires magical incanta- tions and good-luck charms. Here are some tips on picking the right mix of access technologies. Standard Issue 201 Here's a guide to the various standards, APIs, technologies, and industry politics that you need to know about before you plug your phone system into your LAN. Telephony's Killer App 215 A survey of the software that could make the integration of telephones and networks an essential business resource. Networking at Warp Speed 235 IBM adds peer-to-peer capabilities to OS/2 and throws in a bunch of other goodies. Lab Report: 16 Fast, Reliable RAID Subsystems 248 Looking for storage systems that cut down network downtime? This review will help you find the right stuff. Tuning In to ISDN 273 ISDN Radio is cutting the copper umbilical cord and offering users real communications freedom. Asset management 37 ATM 41 Calculators 25 CD-ROM 32, 275 CPUs 24, 30, 263 Display technology 233 Education 275 Frame relay 41 Graphics 239, 243 Indexing 223 Internet 223, 229 ISDN 41, 273 Macintosh 32, 239 Multimedia 3 2 Networks.... 37, 41, 235, 273 Notebooks 233, 286 On-fine services 229 Operating systems ...235, 263, 271, 275 OS/2 21 1, 235, 275 P6 24 PowerPC 263 Printers 239 Programming 33, 201, 21 1, 267 RAID 248 Remote access 41 Security 41 Servers 201 , 248 Storage 24 8 Telephony 199, 201, 211, 215 Unix 21 1, 271 Videoconferencing 235 Windows 24, 201, 211, 215, 275 Wireless 273 World Wide Web 33, 223, 229 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 BACKUP THE #1 SELLING RECORDABLE CD SYSTEM BY PINNACLE MICRO 2 out of 3 *<*ordable CD p "»nac/es! T^ THE PINNACLE RCD-1000 IS 3 DRIVES IN 1! Recordable CD System 1. 2. Double-speed CD-ROM Player 3. Tape Backup Replacement The RCD- 1 000™ is virtually 3 drives in I - making it the ultimate storage device for only $ 1 295. With the flexibility of Pinnacle's RCD- 1 000, the applications are endless. It's even plug-and-play compatible with Windows 95! As a CD Recorder, the RCD- 1 000 allows you to master your own CD that can be easily transported across town - or across the globe. As a double-speed CD-ROM player, it can read virtually thousands of educa- tional, multimedia or audio CDs. And with Pinnacle's new Backup Utility, you can now replace your tape drive with a system that pro- TAPE IS OUT. OPTICAL IS IN. • Tape is slow • No random access • Five-year shelf life (Avg.) • Too many different formats • Reliable? • Recordable CD is fast • Random access • One hundred-year shelf life • CD-ROM standard format • Very reliable THE NASDAQ STOCK MARKET" NASDAQ Trade! Umlcr Ticker Symhol PIMCL PINNACLE MICilO. INC. To order or for a dealer near you call: 800-553-7070 RCD- 1 000™ internal with SCSI controller & software $1295 RCD- 1000™ extern! u>M SCSI controller & software $1495 Includes: Recordable CD software, valued at over $500, as well as the new UP! Multimedia CD with 100 Startup Motivational Videos, a $59.95 value, and 2 pieces of FREE Recordable CD media! vides a more reliable solution and fast random access to your data for only $ 1 9 per disc, or 3 cents per megabyte. Each disc boasts 650 MB of data, audio, and video storage capacity. The RCD- 1 000 is perfect for creating and mastering your own multimedia titles, interactive games, or even mixing your own audio CD of favorite tunes. You can back up accounting records, (u- L<»i <:l>U»!HJ (> l!.ir> maoBBsmmmz f 1 RCD Backup Utility business plans, charts and graphs, or confidential information on CDs for decades - safe and secure. The RCD-1000 system is simply the best way to store, archive, distribute and create information. Best of all, it's now affordable - it's recordable! *PC internal version Pinnacle /A OPTICAL S T O R A G ICRO COMPANY* All Trademarks and Registered Trademarks of Their Respective Owners. Tel: 714-789-3000 Fax: 714-789-3150 Circle 81 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 82). New Back-UPS: $ II9 blackouts, brownouts "*%' i I J ust don't have the time for power problems on "ISpJ your PC? Don't worry. They'll always make the Microsoft time for you. It's not if a power problem will Compatible occur? but when. Due to household appliances, poor wiring, bad weather or even other office equipment, power problems are as inevitable as death and taxes. You can't run, but you can hide, behind APC protection. That's why we've just introduced new models in our award-winning Back-UPS line, now delivering reliable protection for just $119. . V :*' 1 1 -\ LIFETIME EQUIPMENT PROTECTION m js UK « tra J ■ .j How can Microsoft Mail save you time? Mail has smart, sensible symbols and online help that make learning to send and receive mail easy. Even messages that include graphs, pictures and sound. You can save even more time by adding features that are just as easy to use as Mail. Like Schedule+, the best-selling scheduler for Windows. It helps you manage your calendar and reminds you of meetings and deadlines. It even shows you when everyone is free. So you can schedule meetings without a lot of legwork. Microsoft electronic forms let you speed expense reports, vacation requests and other important forms through your office at the speed of light. And with electronic forms you can track them easily. Finally, with Mail Remote you can stay con- nected and work just like you do in your office when you're on the road. Not only that, it can also save you money. Just read the important messages, then let Mail Remote respond auto- matically when transmission rates are lowest. No other mail system is easier to use or easier for your IS people to administer. Or engineered like Microsoft Mail to take advantage of new information exchange technologies. To find out more, just add one more thing to your to-do list: Call (800) 871-3271, Dept. AV3, and ask for our free Microsoft Mail information kit. 1 cX^ i 1 Highly Integrated with Microsoft Office Easy to Add Fax and Internet Connectivity Easy to Install and Easy to Administer Microsoft WHERE DO YOU WANT TO GO TODAY? \MB EDITOR IN CHIEF Raphael Needleman PUBLISHER David B. Egan Editor in Chief's Assistant: Linda Higgins EXECUTIVE EDITORS Rich Friedman, Jon Udell MANAGING EDITOR Lauren Stickler Thompson NEWS Peterborough: News Editors: David L. Andrews, Martha Hicks New York: News Editor: Salvatore Salamone San Mateo/West Coast: Senior Editor: Tom Half hill Frankfurt: Senior Editor: Rainer Mauth PRODUCT REVIEWS Director: Stanford Diehl Senior Technical Editors: Rick Grehan, Douglas Tamasanis Technical Editors: Rex Baldazo, Susan Colwell, David Essex, Dave Rowell Reviews Assistant: Lisa O'Neil STATE OF THE ART/FEATURES San Mateo: Features Editor: John Montgomeiy Peterborough: Senior Editor: Alan Joch Technical Editor: Russell Kay Lexington: Senior Editor: Edmund X. De Jesus SENIOR TECHNICAL EDITOR At Large: Tom Thompson SENIOR RESEARCHER Rowland Aertker ASSOCIATE TECHNICAL EDITORS Dennis Barker, Cathy Kingery, Mark Reynolds, Warren Williamson SENIOR CONTRIBUTING EDITOR Jerry Pournelle CONTRIBUTING EDITORS Stephen Apiki, Dick Pountain CONSULTING EDITORS Nicholas Baran, Raymond GA Cote, Trevor Marshall, Stan Miastkowski, Barry Nance, Roberta Pournelle, Ellen Ullman, Peter Wayner EDITORIAL ASSISTANTS Tammy Grenier, June Sheldon DESIGN Design Director: Charles Dixon III Associate Design Director/Design & Photography: Sharon Price Associate Design Director/Graphics: Joseph A. Gallagher Production Manager: David R. Anderson Desktop Prepress Manager: Virginia Reardon Designers: Barbara Busenbark, Jan Muller, Donna Sweeney Design Assistant: Cindy Sands EDITORIAL INTERN Jeff MacClay BIX Interactive On-line Service MANAGING EDITOR Christine Taylor EXCHANGE EDITORS Amiga Exchange: Joanne Dow Entertainment and Leisure Exchange: Rich Taylor IBM Exchange: Barry Nance Programmers Exchange: Bill Nicholls Professionals Exchange: David Reed Tojerry Exchange: Jerry Pournelle WIX Exchange: Karen Kenworthy Writers Exchange: Wayne Rash Jr. 20TH ANNIVERSARY SECTION CONTRIBUTORS Art Director: Brian Day, Fisher & Day Copy Editor: Ellen Bingham Best Books & CDs Photography: Dennis Bettencourt Photography Page Headers, Digital Imaging, and Manipulation: John Lund Studios Staff Photograph: Britain Hill FINANCE AND OPERATIONS Director: Claudia Flowers ADVERTISING PRODUCTION Advertising Production Manager: Linda Fluhr Senior Advertising Services Representative: Lyda Clark Advertising Services Representatives: Dale J. Christensen, Karen Cilley, Rod Holden Operations Assistant: Lisa Jo Steiner Advertising Graphics Manager: Susan Kingsbury Graphics Production Coordinator: Christa Patterson FINANCE Senior Financial Analyst: Kathleen Deguise Systems Administrator: Peggy Dunham Junior Financial Analyst: Diane Henry Production Assistant/Purchaser: Agnes Perry MARKETING AND PLANNING Director: L. 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PERSONNEL Human Resources Administrator: Patricia Burke Assistant: Fran Wozniak Receptionist: Beverly Goss TECHNICAL ASSOCIATE Mark Lavi MEMBER SERVICES MANAGER Kevin Plankey BIX, owned and operated by Delphi Internet Services Corporation, is a worldwide, low-cost, on-line information service featuring industry news, downloadable software, powerful elec- tronic mail, previews of upcoming BYTE articles, the full text of published issues of BYTE, and source and/or executable code for BYTE benchmarks and noncommercial software mentioned in feature articles. BIX also offers unmatched "conferences" on virtually every com- puter-related topic imaginable, where you can share information with thousands of other com- puter pros. To subscribe via modem, set your communications software to full duplex, 7 bits, even parity, 1 stop bit, and then call (800) 695-4882 or (617) 491-5410, or telnet to x25.bix.com and type "bix" at the USER NAME prompt. At the Name? prompt, type bix.ville. 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McGraw (1 860-1948). Chairman and Chief Executive Officer: Joseph L. Dionne; President and Chief Operating Officer: Harold W. McGraw III; Senior Executive Vice President, and Secretary: Robert N. Landes; Senior Vice President and General Counsel: Kenneth M. Vittor; Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer: Robert J. Bahash; Senior Vice President, Treasury Operations: Frank D. Penglase; President, information Services Group: Michael K Hehir; Executive Vice President, Publication Services: Norbert Schumacher. A Bimsion of the McGraw-Hill Companies Copyright© 1 995 by The McGraw-Hill Com- panies, Inc. All rights reserved. BYTE and BVrt are registered trade-marks of The Mc- Graw-Hill Companies, Inc. Trademark regis- tered in the United States Patent and Trade- mark Office. ^S Member Audit Bureau of Circulation 14 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 For years, tapping into the full potential of client/server computing was something people could only wish for. Introducing n^m%. Personal Computer Power Series" 800 Super Client The first class o f personal computers to brin g you the full potential o f client/server a p plications . For true client/server computing, there are just two benchmarks a PC needs to meet: first, deliver enough power to the desktop to handle a complex flow of information from multiple sources; second, run advanced applications using rich content formats, such as voice, video and advanced graphics. Introducing the IBM Super Clients, the new PowerPC-based Power Series family and the PC 700, designed to maximize your current investment. Super Clients put the power of a high-end workstation, plus cutting-edge communications and management features, in an affordable, easy-to-use personal computer. T)\e new Power Series famil y o f Super Clients — the revolution of PowerPC chi p per formance . The open-ended performance of PowerPC RISC microprocessors, such as the fast and powerful 133MHz 604 chip, makes the Power Series family ideal for client/server environments. Combine this with your choice of robust 32-bit operating systems— OS/2® Warp Connect, 1 AIX,® Windows NT™ and Solaris® 1 — and you get the horse- power, reliability and security you need. And the Power Series family is very affordable; even with a quad-speed CD-ROM drive and 16MB memory, prices start at just $2,795 (monitor not included). 2 'When available. 'Operating systems priced separately (Power Series only). Entry-level PC Direct price. Dealer prices and product availability may vary. 3 ln Canada, call 1 800 465-3299, enter #'s 45225 and 45226 for Power Series family and 45228 for PC 700. IBM, OS/2 and AIX are registered trademarks and Power Series, PowerPC, Sensory Suite, NetFinity and There is a difference are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. All other company and/or product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. © 1995 IBM Corporation. Super Clients. Personal Computer 100 Super Client And Power Series systems are available with Sensory Suite" software so you don't need add-in boards or chips to exploit graphics, music, speech or video. PC 700 Super Client - an enhancement to your current Investment . The PC 700 delivers the blazing power of 133MHz Pentium® processors for faster data access and network communications, plus advanced multimedia digital sound capability. And as more advanced collaborative applications become available, you will be able to enhance your system to take lull advantage. PC 700 prices start at $2,200 (monitor not inckitlerl).- AikI IBMs NetFinity," built in to the PC 700, lets you get better control over your PC systems and lower the total cost of ownership of your client/server network. To find out more about IBM Super Clients, call us at 1 800 IBM-4fviX" enter # 8473643 for the Power Series family and # 8463468 for PC 700, or see our World Wide Web site at http://www.pc.ibm.com There is a difference™ LETTERS The BYTE Network Project I enjoyed Jon Udell's article on establishing a World Wide Web site ("Hello, World," July), especially the sidebar titled "Don't Dis the Host." I, too, use and prefer text-based Internet access. Udell called himself a "knuckle-scraping Neanderthal" for preferring text browsers. Thanks for affirming that there are still some fellow Paleolithic types out on the Internet. Erik Farquhar forcfithar@ocsit.bitjfolo.eclu Nice to see you guys on the Web. I noticed at the end of your "Hello, World" piece that you mentioned eventually trying out OS/2 and Unix servers. I would find a comparison of Mac vs. other operating systems useful. The freeware MacHTTPd and its commercial incarnation, WebStar from StarNine, are the obvious choices, and Apple offers bundles with all the necessary Internet server software. If you are going to give the other platforms a shot, don't pass over the Mac. Mark Eaton morke @ n wlink.com Point taken. I tend not to think of the Mac as a heavy-duty server platform since the OS still lacks robust memory protection and preemptive multitasking. But serving up HTML documents, at least on a mod- estly trafficked Web site, need not be a particularly demanding server applica- tion. Thanks for the reminder. — Jon Udell I was told that the BYTE Web site would be operational within a couple weeks. Is it ready yet? Gene Belanger Houston, TX Yes, our Web site is up and running, and it provides a link to our FTP server from which you may download BYTE's bench- mark source code and executables. Our URL is http://www.byte.com/. — Eds. MacThanks I just wanted to thank you for Tom Thompson's expertly written and in-depth article about Apple's upcoming Copland operating system ("Apple's New Operat- ing System," June). Your articles about Macintosh technology have always been excellent, and I look forward to reading them. See if you can sneak some more in. In a world holding its collective breath for Windows 95 (or 96), it was refreshing to read about the state of the next MacOS. Christopher Gervais cgervais @ e world, com Free the Net I was much interested in Arun Mehta's Commentary on "freedom" of the Internet ("Radio Free Usenet," July). My daughter is in Croatia, my sister is in Tennessee, and I am in Atlanta, and we all communicate through E-mail transmitted via the Internet. And now I can send messages to Mr. Mehta in India. He was correct that the old U.S.S.R. had to choose between the benefits of PC technology and the risk of losing control over information. The world is racing ahead toward a global system, and yet some people are still in the dark ages. Shelia Perkins Atlanta, GA I agree wholeheartedly with Mr. Mehta's assessment of the Usenet system. I am particularly concerned about the threat posed to Usenet by the ignorant and misguided efforts of some members of the U.S. legislative bodies. Richie Trenthem Memphis, TN trenthem® rhocles.edu I want to thank Arun Mehta for his Com- mentary. I share his concerns about the Exon amendment in particular and Net censorship in general. Dave Parker dlparker@dlpincOO.com Eighty-six U.S. Senators voted to approve a legislative measure that could make people liable for statements they make in E-mail messages that would be protected in a conventional letter. Senator Hatch (R-Utah) characterized the proceedings as "a game, to see who can be the most against pornography and obscenity. It's a political exercise. " — Arun Mehta Tsunami Benchmarks Your news story about the Power Macin- tosh 9500 ("Apple's Tsunami: PCI Pow- er," July) includes a table of benchmark results. The floating-point results for a Power Mac 8100/100 are just one-third (.375) as fast as the 90-MHz Pentium base- line. If this were really true, I'm sure Intel would not have downplayed the Pentium's floating-point performance. Steve Willie sfw@mcs.com The Power Mac 8100/100 used an older floating-point library that was much less optimized than the library shipping with the PowerMac 9500. An update to System 7.5 provides this new library to existing 60] -based Power Macs. — Tom Thompson Not Building for Windows 95 I read your sidebar about Microsoft's Windows 95 Migration Planning Kit ("How Best to Migrate to Windows 95," July). Any search tool that requires you to already have Excel, Word, and Power Point installed will be "cluttered and counterintuitive." And I think you were too easy on Microsoft when you called their Windows 95 payback spreadsheet "an incomplete business-analysis tool." It's not incomplete, it's totally useless. I'll stick to Windows 3.11 while this first wave of Windows 95 drowns all the early adopters. George Morgan Syracuse, NY Hey, I think you guys down at BYTE are a little biased toward Windows. You praise Windows 95 when it had not even been delivered. Don't talk about how good it is and just totally ignore a real 32-bit oper- ating system like OS/2. Michael Bernstein Rockford, IL insanity® rockford. com We don 7 ignore OS/2. See this month 's review of Warp Connect ("Networking at Warp Speed, " page 235). — Eds. We want to hear from you. Address correspon- dence to Letters Editor, BYTE, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458; or you can send E-mail via the Internet or BIX to edi- tors @ bix.com. Letters may be edited. 18 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Exabyte's nem 8mm XL tape drive is the perfect union ft f canacitu and reliability vm pi £28? < - :% l^::;:.'^ ;■'•:■ Accommodating the new extended Length data-grade 8mm media, the EXB-8505XL 8mm tape drive can store 14 gigabytes of compressed data per cartridge. That's nearly two times the capacity of DDS-2 drives. Using the EXATAPE™ 160XL data cartridge with its Recognition System assures users of the highest data reliability and integrity. And this new high-capacity tape drive can read the tapes written on any of the 750,000 8mm tape drives in use today. Seamless integration with latest-generation 8mm libraries protects your 8mm investment. Jt.^L/TLJ_2!> II II EXAP h For more information on the Exabyte office nearest you: The Netherlands 31-30-548890, Germany )L (49) 69-95-925-220; France, (33)1-69-41-16-17; United Kingdom, (44)492-874855; Asia, 65-271 6331 & "='1995 Exabyte Corporation. Exabyte is a registered trademark and "Exabyte is Everywhere" and EXATAPE are trademarks of Exabyte Corporation. 1; Exabyte Corporation, 1685 38th Street, Bouider, Colorado 80301 USA Phone (303) 442-4333. E> J'' LETTERS The Trouble with Microsoft Microsoft "could reshape the Internet" ("The Greatest Show on Earth," July)? I hope not. They reshaped the world of operating systems and look what good they did to it. Thanks to Microsoft, we need a 486 to efficiently edit a plain ASCII file, so we can expect to need a direct Tl connection to The Microsoft Network to send E-mail. Fortunately, Microsoft won't reshape the Internet so easily. MSN is not exactly loved by many Internet users, and it won't exactly be welcomed into the Internet community. The trouble with Microsoft is that speed and bugs don't really affect their products' success. Windows is the best example. The same could happen with MSN. Petros Raptis Athens, Greece prapti @ leon.nrvps. cuiaclne-t. gr ISDN Lives I want to compliment you on Sal Salam- one's wonderful Core Technologies article "ISDN and Analog Access in One Pack- age" (July). The entry of all of these mo- dem manufacturers into the ISDN market will be good for ISDN. Salamone correct- ly pointed out that ISDN products are dif- ficult to configure. I believe that these new ISDN product manufacturers will become instrumental in forcing the industry to adopt a simplified "plug and play" ap- proach to ISDN. Keep up the good work. Paul D. Cook Pa/tine, IL p.cook@ computer, org I'd Never Be Without You, But... Yours is the one computer magazine I'd never be without. That said, I suggest you reconsider comparative product reviews. Printers, monitors, and VGA cards are ma- ture products, and even if we don't own the best laser printer under $5000 or the best 17-inch monitor, the ones we have are good enough. On the other hand, the review of tele- phony products in the May issue ("Small- Scale Telephony") was worthwhile be- cause the field is very immature and products often differ significantly or have significant flaws. These are the types of products we need to know about. Andrew Mayo andre\\>@ geac .co.nz Arithmetic 101 In your review of the Tadpole PI000 ("Red-Hot 100-MHz Portable Pentium," June), you claim it is " 1 1 percent to 1 20 percent faster" than your refer- ence machine. That would make the Tadpole over twice as fast as your 90-MHz baseline. I think you meant " 1 percent to 20 percent faster." John Smythe Gainesville, FL Mr. Smythe is absolutely correct; we apologize for the error. — Rex Baldazo In "Break Up Your Network" (June), the author multiplies bits/second times bits/byte to arrive at a bandwidth in bits/second. I must be missing something here because I end up with a result of bits- squared/byte-second. Andy Feibus VP Technology Process Systems and Integration Inc. amf@psi2.com The arithmetic is correct, but the units got scrambled. The error is in the label "Kbps, " which is kilobits/second. It should have been "KBps, " which is kilo- bytes/second. With that substitution, the units will cancel correctly. — Brett Husselbaugh FIX We regret the following errors from our June roundup review of SQL tools ("Sim- ple SQL"): We stated that IQ Software's IQ for Windows does not provide a facility for resolving ambiguous join paths. IQ pre- vents ambiguous join paths by supporting rule-based table joins. The rules are stored in its repository. In reporting the print speed of IQ for Windows, we timed the speed of a query and print, instead of print- ing directly from the query screen. IQ's print speed is much faster than represent- ed in the report. And IQ will indeed let you insert criteria from a static list. Because of incomplete information sup- plied by IQ Software, the features table on page 220 contained errors. It should go like this: Add descriptions for column/table names Yes Define dialog boxes for user queries Yes Start multiple instances of programs Yes Permits direct entry of SQL Yes Replace retrieved values with defined text/values Yes Generate partial reports Yes Insert criteria from static list Yes Add calculated fields without resubmitting query Yes Report on stored results Yes Define dialog boxes for user-query entry Yes IQ Software released version 5 of IQ for Windows soon after we completed our review of version 4.0. Version 5 adds sig- nificant enhancements and features. ■ COMING UP IN OCTOBER YOUR NEXT PC Current PCs are built on a 15-year-old architecture. We look at the technologies that are going to bring computer hardware into the 21st century. WINDOWS 95 The rubber meets the road as we test Windows 95. Plus, we'll look at some of the upcoming 32-bit applications especially designed for Windows 95. LOTUS WORDPRO REVIEWED Lotus has upgraded Ami Pro, added groupware features, and renamed it WordPro. We test this new addition to SmartSuite. CATCH THE WAVE A close look at the Power Mac 9500, code-named Tsunami, which finally weds PCI and the PowerPC. FAXES ARE SERVED Fax servers are no fun to install, but the payback makes it worth the hassle. 20 BYTK SEPTEMBER 1995 FOR THE LAST TWO YEARS WE'VE WORKED WITH MICROSOFT TO MAKE SURE WINDOWS 95 USERS GET WHAT THEY NEED. SYMANTEC. Arm YtKK&HWKswr Vfiib Vx Most CwnpTebenMw NORTON ANTIVIRUS You've waited. And waited. And now it's here. The most powerful PC operating system known to man and mouse. But before you settle down to work in the 32-bit world of Windows 95, there are a few things you should know. INFECTION PREVENTION IN THE NEW WORLD. First, Windows 95 doesn't have any virus prevention or protection built in. And on the networked, file-sharing superhighway of life, the chances that your PC will be exposed to a virus are far greater than you might think. And guess what? Your old anti- virus software won't work in the brave new world of Windows 95- But thousands of old viruses wil Which is why you should install Norton Antivirus® for Windows 95 from day one. Norton Antivirus is verified to protect you from 100% of all viruses known to be in circulation* Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 protects you from virus attacks. 'Verified in independent tests conducted by NCSA and VSUM, July Norton Antivirus unci Norton Utilities are registered trademarks am In Australia, call 2-879-6577. In Europe, call 3 1 -7 '1-353 1 1 1. But you need more than just protection from a long list of known viruses. Which is all that ordinary anti-virus packages can offer. Norton Antivirus also offers you the most complete protection from unknown viruses. Thanks to our unique virus detection technology, Norton Antivirus spots virus activity in your system and eradicates it before it can do A 32-BIT OPERATING SYSTEM DEMANDS 32-BIT PROTECTION. Another thing you may not know Is that your H old 16-bit utilities £ jg won't work in BF Windows 95. Work faster and more productively with Norton Navigator for Windows 95. PREVENTION, PROTECTION WINDOWS 95 anysenous damage. So even if you encounter a virus that was just created yesterday by some hacker with a bad frozen pizza habit, Norton Antivirus will find it and stop it. And when could you possibly need protection from unknown viruses more than in a brand- And the utilities included in Windows 95 itself won't give you much protection in a 32-bit world. Only native 32-bit utilities can give you adequate system protection in a 32-bit environment. Which is why you need to upgrade your utilities to Norton Utilities® for Windows 95. The first thing Norton Utilities will do for you is optimize your system for Windows 95 with a Pre-installation Tune-up. Then Norton Utilities runs continuously in the background, monitoring your system and automatically launching the right tools to maintain system performance and prevent system crashes. 1995. "Trade-up editions will run only when specified Symantec, Centra! Point, McAfee and Norton Navigator is a trademark of Symantec Corporation. All other brand manes or trademarks And if something does go I wrong, Norton Utilities gives you the data recovery tools users have relied on from day one. So from the day you install Windows 95, your system is < stable and your files are protected. THE MORE WORK YOU DO, THE MORE WORK NORTON NAVIGATOR WILL DO FOR YOU. Windows 95 has lots of terrific features to make life easier. Like Plug 'N Play. And long file names. Norton Utilities keeps your data safe from harm. You can plug into your Internet connection right from the Norton File Manager. Search for text strings within files at least ten times faster. (In fact, the more files you have and the bigger they are, the more time you'll save.) And copy a file anywhere on your hard drive or on the network with just one click. Instead of click click click AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR FROM DAY ONE. But what about getting even more out of Windows 95? Like getting more done in less time. With Norton Navigator, you can navigate through your desktop five times faster than in Windows 95. Be more productive with multiple project-oriented desktops. Open the files you need most in a single click. And that's just the first minute. click click click click (are you tired of clicking?) click click Creel* Shortcut Qetets Rename click click. Which is generally how long it takes to copy a file in Windows 95. Norton Navigator also lets you use long file names for most m 1 ~ I 16-bit applications. And gives SETUP WOROCBT STARTUP TEMPLATE Norton Folder Navigator extends your menu power. you loads of other time-saving tools like built-in PK-Zip compatible file compression and the ability to delete, move, zip or encrypt from any Open or Save dialog box. So why waste time wading up and down menus, clicking your life away? Every minute counts. NORTON UTILITES m SYMANTEC. WINDOWS 95 IS A GREAT PLACE TO DE. WE GUARANTEE IT CAN BE EVEN BETTER. Like all Symantec products, Norton Antivirus, Norton Utilities and Norton Navigator come with a 60-day money-back guarantee. And we'll even make it easy for you to trade up from your current 16-bit Symantec and Central Point products. So on the day you load Windows 95, make sure you're ready. With the new Norton Antivirus, t MNORTON. Navigator , ! „nd Desktop ..Navi^twn^ Norton Utilities and Norton Navigator from Symantec. GET YOUR TRADE-DP EDITION TODAY. Norton Antivirus for Windows, PC Tools, Norton Desktop for Windows, Central Point Ant i- Virus, McAfee VirusScan and Dr. Solomons Anti-Virus owners trade up to Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 for $29.95** Norton Utilities, Norton Desktop for Windows, and PC Tools owners ftade up to Norton Utilities for Windows 95 for $59.95** Norton Desktop, PC Tools, XTree and Norton Commander owners trade up to Norton Navigator for Windows 95 for $39.95** To purchase, visit your sofiware store or call us at 1-800-450-9760 ext. 9AP4. J Dr. Solomon's products are already installed. Check with your sofiware store for qualifying versions. Price does not include shipping and handling or any applicable sales tax. Symantec, are the property of their respective owners. ©1995 Symantec Corporation. All rights reserved. Visit us on the Internet at hit pill 'www.symantec.com. In Canada, call 1-800-365-8641. Circle 93 on Inquiry Card. 16-BIT SOFTWARE STALLS THE P6 P6 Weakness Revealed When running legacy applications, a fast Pentium may outperform the first P6 processors Why Legacy The Pentium currently outperforms the P6 when running 16-bit programs under Windows 3.1 due to a comb/na- tion of factors. They include the de- sign of the P6 and the hangover of legacy DOS and Windows code. As described in "Intel's P6" (April BYTE), instructions passed to the P6 are converted into equivalent micro- operations that are loaded into a 40- element circular buffer. Instructions in the buffer pass to the execution unit, which processes between three and five instructions simultaneously, if the data for the specific instruction is available. If instruction B references a partic- ular register, and instruction A, which precedes 8 in program flow, also writes to that register, B must wait for A to complete. Therefore, the fewer the dependencies, the faster the TOM R. HALFHILL Trick question: When is a Pentium faster than a P6? Surprise answer: When it's running 16-bit software, including DOS and Windows 3.1. Intel's latest benchmark testing reveals that a 133-MHz Pentium con- sistently outruns a 150-MHz P6 when executing the 1 6-bit code found in today's most popular software. Even a 100-MHz Pentium runs neck and neck with a 1 50-MHz P6. Theoretically, the sixth-generation P6 chip should blow the fifth-generation Pen- tium out of the water. The P6 has three-way superscalar superpipelines, speculative P6 Faster in Raw Performance but Slower for 16-bit Applications SPECint92 SPECfp92 Windows 31 Windows 95 Windows NT 250 The P6 outruns the fastest Pentiums when measured by low-level 32-bit benchmarks, as seen in these SPECmark estimates from Intel. Although Intel initially planned to introduce the P6 at 133 MHz, it's now likely the chip will debut this fall at speeds of 133, 150, and 166 MHz. 'Intel estimates. All numbers are based on a 256-K8 secondary cache. Pentium 100 MHz 31 Pentium 133 MHz Although the P6 outruns the fastest Pentiums in low-level 32-bit benchmarks, a 150-MHz P6 is outraced by a 133-MHz Pentium and matched by a 100-MHz Pentium when running 16-bit programs under Windows 3.1, as seen in these preliminary benchmarks from Intel. With 32-bit Windows 95 or Windows NT, however, the P6 meets expectations. As of this writing, Intel has not permitted BYTE to run our own benchmarks on the P6. I P6 150 MHz execution, out-of-order execution, addi- tional registers, 2.2 million more transis- tors, more headroom for higher clock speeds, a closely coupled secondary cache, and a higher price tag (see "Intel's P6," April BYTE). But some of those fancy features actually slow down the P6 when running 1 6-bit code. The problem, says Intel, is with today's installed base of software, not with the chip. The P6 is optimized for 32 bits. When Intel engineers began de- signing the P6 about four years ago, they figured everyone would be running 32-bit software by now. After all, Intel's first 32-bit x86 processor (the 386) dates back to 1985. But the industry hasn't moved quite as fast as Intel and others expected: Most PCs today run 16-bit Windows. When Intel ran the SysMark application-level benchmark programs on a P6, old- generation software embarrassed Intel's next-generation chip. It's certainly not unusual for a new processor to deliver less-than- optimum performance unless old software is recompiled to take ad- vantage of the new design. That's especially true of RISC proces- sors. While the P6 is still a CISC chip, it adopts several RISC-like techniques. However, it's defi- nitely unusual for a new CPU to run old software slower than ex- isting CPUs that share the same 24 HVTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Code Snags the P6 instructions can be delivered to the execution units. To conserve on the P6's transistor count, Intel decided to shadow (i.e., allow multiple independent instances) the "true" registers as full 32-bit enti- ties only. The result is that any in- struction that alters any part of a reg- ister will hold up a following instruction that uses any part of the same register, even if the instructions are logically independent. An ADD AL, 6 holds up a MOV BX.AX. If this were a completely 32-bit world (as Intel's engineers had hoped it would be by now), any instruction referencing a register would be held up by, at most, one preceding instruc- tion, and the P6 would "fire on all cylinders." Similarly, if all programs manipulated the CPU registers only 16 bits at a time, the P6 would per- form well. Unfortunately, a great deal of code, especially in the DOS and Windows world, manipulates registers as 8-bit entities here, 16-bit entities there, and sometimes 32-bit entities. This "mixing" of data sizes bogs the P6 down, because it has to spend so much time "piecing" the 32-bit regis- ters together from 8- and 16-bit sub- units. Another source of friction for the P6 arises from the ever-dreaded segment registers often manipulated in 16-bit DOS and Windows programs. Again, to skirtwhatwould have been a tremendous multiplication of complex- ity, the P6 engineers elected not to virtualize the segment registers. So, whereas general CPU registers can be shadowed, only one global instance exists for each segment register. The result is that the arrival of a segment register load instruction "serializes" the CPU: No other instructions can proceed until the load completes. Furthermore, any instructions that had already been started but appear in the program flow after the segment register load instruction must be dumped and restarted. The "tear it up and start from scratch" tactic is nec- essary because the source for all in- structions and data following the seg- ment load is in question. Ironically, none of this would be of any significance if the designers of the P6 hadn't made a few excusable miscalculations. In one of the larger mispredicted branches we've ever seen, the P6 engineers in 1990 esti- mated that most code today would be 32 bits, and that the standard for chip technology, including the Pen- tium, would be at 0.6 micron running at around 100 MHz. However, hard- ware again outpaced software. To- day's typical PC runs a mixture of 16- bit code on 32-bit OSes. Meanwhile, the latest Pentium is produced on a 0.35-micron process and soon will run at 150 MHz. The first P6 will not be manufac- tured on a 0.35-micron process, how- ever. Instead, Intel says it will make the first P6 chips on a more conserva- tive 0.6-micron process. Once it has worked the bugs out at 0.6 microns, Intel says it will move to a more ag- gressive 0.35-micron process. The company estimates there will be an eight-month period when a similarly clocked Pentium will outpace the P6 in the special circumstances we've described. But once Intel moves to 0.35-micron manufacturing, the P6 will race ahead. — Rick Grehan basic architecture. (For more information on why this is, see the text box "Why Legacy Code Snags the P6.") The P6 lives up to expectations with 32- bit code. Intel's benchmarks show that it easily outperforms the fastest Pentiums when running 32-bit applications on a 32- bit OS, such as Windows 95 or Windows NT. Interestingly, however, the P6 does much better with NT than it does with Windows 95. Intel says that there are ves- tiges of 16-bit code in the Windows GDI (Graphical Device Interface), while NT is thoroughly 32-bit. The P6's poor showing with 16-bit software is probably not as serious as it seems. High prices will initially limit the P6 to servers and workstation-class desk- top systems, whose performance-minded users will almost certainly be running 32- bit OSes and applications. If the P6 fol- lows an adoption curve similar to the Pen- tium's, it will not appear in mainstream PCs until 1997. By then, 80 percent of new PCs will ship with a 32-bit OS, according to International Data (Framingham, MA). And Windows 95 should accelerate the migration to 32 bits. Intel says the P6 will get a performance boost when the company moves from its current 0.6- to 0.35-micron process. That raw performance boost should let the P6 outperform the Pentium in running legacy 16-bit software. Until then, anyone who is contemplating the purchase of a P6 should be forewarned: If you're running 1 6-bit software, the Pentium delivers more bang for fewer bucks. CALCULATORS PC Power Comes to the Calculator . o\ v^ £;■ .»^ The TI-92 has a 240- by 128- pixel display. You can split the display to view two applications simultaneously. It includes a QWERTY I keyboard and an I/O port for 1 data transfer. It's about the I size of a videocassette tape. Ti ((800) 842-2737; fax (817) 774-6074; ti-cares@ti.com) says 1 the TI-92 will sell for about $200. Iigh-end math capabilities such as symbolic calculus and Euclidean geometry are migrating from PCs to $200 calculators. Texas Instruments (Dallas, TX) says it will release a new calculator called the TI-92 later this year. This cal- culator delivers interactive geometry, sym- bolic manipulation, statistics, and even 3- D graphing with an easy-to-use graphical interface. TI collaborated with the creators of the Cabri Geometry II software at the Uni- versite of Joseph Fourier as well as the au- thors of the De- rive algebra that's published by Soft Ware- house in adding the interactive- geometry and symbolic-ma- nipulation fea- tures. Thanks to those joint ef- forts, you can not only deter- mine the integral (that's the area under a curve for those of you who haven't been to calculus class lately) of a curve, you can also get the formula that's used for finding the integral (e.g., the TI-92 will tell you that the formula for determining the inte- gral of x2+2x+2 is xV3+x2+2x). TI says that the new calculator (see the photo) lets teachers equip a math lab much less expensively. The reaction from BYTE's college interns to the new calculator was universal: "I want one." — Dave Andrews SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 25 NEWS & VIEWS WINDOWS 95 DEVELOPMENT TOOLS Delphi and VB Turn 32 Visual development tools from Borland and Mi- crosoft will soon let you cre- ate 32-bit programs that take advantage of the new features and UI (user interface) ele- ments in Windows 95. In mid- September, Microsoft (Red- mond, WA) plans to release 32-bit Visual Basic 4.0. Bor- land International (Scotts Val- ley, CA) says it will release a 32-bit version of Delphi within 90 days of the commercial availability of Windows 95. These products add stronger support for client/server de- velopment and OLE integra- tion. Another 32-bit bonus is Windows NT compatibility. Windows NT 3.5 can be both the host and the target of VB 4.0 and Delphi. Although the 32-bit code these tools generate will not run on 16-bit Windows 3.1 or Windows for Workgroups, Mi- crosoft and Borland will con- tinue to support their 16-bit versions. Both VB 4.0 and Del- T Visual SourceSafe, a source code management tool that Microsoft recently acquired from One Tree Software, helps programming teams using the Enterprise version of Visual Basic 4.0 create complex, distributed applications. phi make the migration to 32- bit Windows development rel- atively simple. In many cases, you can recompile existing 16- bit code. Perhaps the biggest obstacle to Windows 95 migration will be the transition to OLE-based custom controls. You can't use 16-bit VBXes (Visual Basic custom controls), which played a major role in VB's success, to build 32-bit software. Instead, you'll use 32-bit OLE controls (formerly called OCXes) that improve on VB's component architecture. Fortunately, many third-party developers have started migrating their VBXes to the OLE model. Borland's new version of Delphi, when used with Mi- crosoft's Control Development Kit, can create custom controls. However, VB 4.0 cannot do this. This gives Delphi an ad- vantage over VB. Because VB 4.0 still relies on a run-time interpreter, Del- phi will also maintain its per- formance lead. VB's interpreter is the same Object Basic en- gine that's found in Microsoft Office's VBA (VB for Appli- cations), but interpreted VB programs generally are not as fast as programs created with Delphi's Object Pascal com- piler. In fact, the new version of Delphi will share Borland C++'s 32-bit optimizing com- piler. Although VB cannot build OLE controls, both VB 4.0 and the new version of Delphi will let you create OLE automation objects. These are stand-alone code libraries that expose their routines to other OLE-aware programs. In VB, you create these ob- jects with a new type of mod- ule called a class module, con- taining as few as three lines of code. Public variables in this module become properties, and public subroutines and func- tions become methods. Other OLE-aware programs can browse these modules, modify WSSSBtBSBBSSSBSKM > Insert Buri Took £dd-!ns Hcip MrabJ ■ ^I%°N1 >\ I =.1Z U ~- Ffe £<» £e«ch gp.^ <>|(3>r5» t> . &0 «|SB8 Standard j Addrtionaf ] Dale Access J Data CorrtioJs | Diatagt ] System | Wh95 1 OCX ] (T -:|^l%lAMiiNigiff|al^H"4i"l rnianng.iiFimT» 33 Forms j Appfcafcn Compter j Link* J Ditectaies/Corvcfiionak | 1 ^bi M SIC\SAMPLES\REMAUT0\HELt0\HEltLCU.V8P Code genetatton ~~ |7 Optimcalian |7 AJigned record tieids ■■ Runtime eitots " f~ Bongs checking P Sjack checking 17 ]/0 checking f~ Overflow checking Debugging |7 Debug intamafon 17 Local symbols ' Messages |7 jSbowhjrjlsj b i* P Slack frames 17 Pentym-safe FDIV Syntax options ~ • f7 Strict vat-strings !.F~. Complete jjooreanevd 17 Emended syntax I - lyped @ operator J7 Open Earametets r Symbol Wo (7 Show warnings I ± Hefc ▲ The new 32-bit Delphi lets you create programs that have Windows 95 UI (user interface) elements, such as tabbed dialog boxes. For maximum performance, these features are implemented as Delphi-native controls, not OLE controls. Also, note the Pentium-Safe FDIV compiler option. their properties, and call their methods. This lets VB create distributed objects for three- tiered client/server systems. You can isolate business rules in OLE objects, separated from both the front-end client appli- cation and the back-end enter- prise server. Also new to VB 4.0 is an add-in architecture that's sim- ilar to Adobe Photoshop plug- ins. Previously, outside devel- opers had to hack VB to add design-time utilities, such as code formatters and debugging tools. Microsoft now formal- izes that architecture by letting OLE-based add-ins appear on a VB menu. A new IF... THEN state- ment in VB conditionally com- piles blocks of code. If a pro- gram calls functions available only in the full Win32 API (e.g., OpenGL graphics), you can tell VB to ignore that code when targeting the Winl 6 API. Client/server developers will appreciate the new 32-bit data- base engines in Delphi and VB. Delphi will have 32-bit asyn- chronous I/O, new drivers for DB2, deferred updates for transactions on multiple tables, and the ability to execute trans- actions against local dBase and Paradox files. The new Enter- prise Edition of VB 4.0 will in- clude the Jet 3.0 database en- gine and other client/server features. Of all the 32-bit improve- ments, however, perhaps the most important one is the move to 32-bit OLE controls. Unlike VBXes, which are closely tied to the VB architecture, OLE controls will be supported by a number of development tools. This will give visual program- mers much more power at their disposal. — TRH 26 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 A Database Server Should Expand Hour Not four Budget. Presenting Watcom SQL, the industrial strength database server for simple and affordable widespread deployment of PC client/server applications. Watcom SQL's advanced technology offers unparalleled simplicity of operation and performance, making it ideal for workgroup, desktop and mobile applications — from headquarter's departments to remote branch offices to mobile field personnel on the go. Installed and Running in Minutes, setting up watcom sql is quick and easy, taking only a few minutes. But for real convenience, many users build it right in to the installation process of their applications. Imagine, real SQL database deployment so easy that end-users don't even know it's there! High Performance Right Out of the Box. The self tuning query optimizer is the key to Watcom SQL's blazing performance. Not only does it tune each individual query, it delivers high speed performance without administrator attention. Better still, it comes as standard equipment in every box. Big Performance. Small Footprint. Not only is watcom sql powerful, it's incredibly efficient as well. Because it was designed for PC environments, it minimizes its use of disk and memory —just 4 MB of disk and less than 1 MB of memory. And Watcom SQL also runs quite comfortably on the same machine as an application — particularly important in mobile, standalone and peer-to-peer networks. Of course, on advanced servers, Watcom SQL shines by taking full advantage of both increased memory and RAID storage. Yes, The Price Really is That Low/, watcom sql is priced to make widespread deployment affordable. A 6-user server is only $795* And for volume deployments, our "Gold Disk" licenses offer significant savings. So, though your budget may not be limitless, your horizons are with Watcom SQL — from one server to thousands on Windows, Windows«95, Windows NT, NetWare or OS/2. With hundreds of thousands of servers already installed, Watcom SQL is the proven choice for widespread, industrial strength deployment. Expand your horizons. Call us today for the opportunity to try Watcom SQL 4.0 free for 30 days, or to reserve your seat at a free half day seminar on "Cost-effective Widespread Deployment of Client/Sewer Solutions' in a city near you. 1-800-285-4555 VUatcim A Powersoft Company Watcom and the Lightning Device are trademarks of Watcom International Corporation. Other trademarks are the properties of their respective owners. Copyright 1 995 Watcom International Corporation.'Prices in US dollars. Circle 92 on Inquiry Card. ^bu re on the road. With a client. You need to locate a bottle design. i HQ's database has 40,000 bottles. And all you know is the shape. . l"*^ Sort of. ■fffigfc Perfect. Your mind recalls information visually. But can a client /server database advance that far? Well, IBM's exclusive Query By Image Content (QBIC) technology for DB2* should open your eyes. It actually lets you locate a range of records based on shape. Or color. Or even texture. Which can translate directly into faster access to data -including Can your softw multimedia — to help you make better business decisions. Not that such advances should surprise you. IBM has led the way in databases as long as there have been databases. (Indeed, DB2 is at work in over 90% of the FORTUNE 500?) And DB2 has a long history of offering useful innovations for information management, such as tools to manage your database remotely, pull information from disparate databases, and replicate corporate data across a number of different locations. DB2 meets open industry standards too, working seamlessly on OS/2® AIX? HP-UX® Sun Solaris® OS/400® MVS, VM and VSE-and soon on Windows NT™ and Siemens Nixdorf SIN IX® Its broad scalability ensures that your database will deliver speed and efficiency from any size server. are do this? From two users to over 100,000. From megabytes of information to terabytes. To make your business information more accessible— and more usable— just contact us at 1 800-IBM-3333, ext. GA 061, or come visit our web site at http://www.software.ibm.com. You'll find out why, for so many of the world's leading companies, DB2 is the shape of things to come. S#luti#ns l'#r a small planet In Canada, please call 1 800-565-SW4U. Outside North America, please contact your local IBM office. The IBM Home Page is located at http://www. ibm.com. IBM, DB2, OS/2, AIX and OS/400 are registered trademarks and Solutions for a small planet is a trademark of the International Business Machines Corporation. All other company and/or product namesare trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.© 1995 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved.Three green bottlesdesigned by Jasper Morrison. NEWS & VIEWS PC PROCESSOR TRENDS New 486 Chips Deliver Inexpensive Power The 486 is reaching the end of its life, but it isn ' t dead yet. Advanced Micro Devices (Sunnyvale, CA) has devel- oped two chips that shatter 486 speed barriers and offer Pen- tium-level performance at low- end prices. Meanwhile, Cyrix (Richardson, TX) has devel- oped an unusual CPU that's a cross between a 486 and a 586- class chip. Although AMD's new pro- cessors run internally at 120 and 133 MHz, they use clock- divided buses to remain com- patible with existing mother- boards. The 120-MHz 486 has a 40-MHz bus and delivers in- teger peiformance comparable to a 75-MHz Intel Pentium (see "AMD's 120-MHz 486: Bar- gain Power"). It began ship- ping this summer. AMD's 133-MHz 486 chip, which is due later this year, has a 33-MHz bus and a 16-KB unified write-back cache, which is twice as large and more efficient than the 8-KB write-through caches found on most 486 chips. However, due to its slower bus and the di- minishing returns of pushing an older design to higher clock speeds, the 133-MHz 486 will offer only marginal perfor- mance improvement over the 120-MHz chip. Cyrix is trying to get around the problem of the 486's di- minishing returns by introduc- ing a hybrid design called the 5x86 (formerly known as the Mlsc). The 5x86 will likely ship in volume by the end of this month. Depending on your point of view, the 5x86 is either a souped-up 486 or a stripped- down version of the Ml, Cyrix's 586-class processor. Gone are the most advanced features that are supposed to make the M 1 perform 30 per- cent to 50 percent faster than a Pentium: superscalar pipe- up the Pentium and the sixth- generation P6? One reason: Both AMD and Cyrix are late in delivering their fifth-gener- ation chips (neither the AMD K5 nor the Cyrix M 1 will ship in quantity before 1996). AMD's 120-MHz 486: Bargain Power USA Flex (120-MHz 486) Zeos Pantera (60-MHz Pentium) Dell B- I =. I ^^ i i M Integer Index ■ FPU Index □ bbbi* ■ BBBF* L- (90-MHz Pentium) ^_ I I r i C 1 : i : j 4 5 6 'Note: The BBBI (integer) and BBBF (floating-point) indexes compare pert onnance per dollar and are not pure performance indexes. They are calculated by multiplying each system's respective integer and floating-point index by 1000 and dividing by the cost of the chip. Higher numbers are better. Prices of the chips are subject to change. BYTE's native-mode benchmarks indicate that a system from USA Flex ((800) 872- 3539) based on AMD's 120-MHz 486 processor achieves integer performance comparable to that of the more expensive 60-MHz Pentium. The system lacks the FPU performance of a Pentium, however. The USA Flex desktop PC with 8 MB of RAM, no monitor, a 545-MB hard drive, a 354-inch floppy drive, a 256-KB write-back cache, a mouse, and a 1-MB DRAM video accelerator card costs $1049. — DA lines, speculative execution, extra registers, and a 64-bit data bus. Retained are several features typically found only in fifth-generation microarchi- tectures: branch prediction, data forwarding, an indepen- dent load/store unit, an 80-bit FPU, 64-bit internal data paths, and a 16-KB unified write-back cache. Internally, Cyrix's 5x86 runs at 100 MHz. Bus speeds can be 25, 33, or 50 MHz. Like a Pentium OverDrive, the 5x86 fits in a 32-bit 486 socket. Fu- ture versions will fit into 64- bit Pentium sockets and attain core speeds of as high as 200 MHz. Why bother with sub-586 designs when Intel is ramping Several vendors, including Cybermax, Liuski Systems, USA Flex, and Vobis, say they will use AMD's 120-MHz 486. However, at press time, major system vendors such as Com- paq, which already uses AMD processors in some systems, had not committed to using AMD's new 486 chips. One vendor, which requested ano- nymity, said it would not use the 120-MHz 486 because it thinks Pentium prices will drop dramatically this fall. Prices to PC manufacturers for these crossover chips range from $120 for AMD's 120- MHz 486 to $147 for the Cyrix 5x86 (in quantities of 1000). That means complete systems can sell for under $ 1 500, which Whatever^ 1 i Happened |£3H TPs Rio Grande Chip? (see "Tl Charges Into the Notebook CPU Wars," April 1994 BYTE, p. 36) Texas Instruments hoped that manufacturers of sub- notebooks would flock to its Rio Grande chip, a 486SX- class processor that inte- grated a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus interface and memory controller with aggressive power management and low power consumption (3.3 V). But two factors helped shelve the chip. One was that as Tl was preparing to release the 486SX-class chip (it had no FPU), the company's note- book partners were shifting to higher-performing 486 processors. Also, it turned out that customers weren't buying a lot of subnotebooks at the time because note- books that weighed less than 4 pounds had too many compromises. Tl is back in the notebook and consumer markets with an 80-MHz 486-class proces- sor called the TI486DX2, which should enter volume production this month. Tl cites the first-quarter 1995 Storeboard Channel Tracking Service, which reported that 57 percent of PCs sold through retail channels in the U.S. were based on 486DX-class processors. —DA is a key price point in retail channels. The pumped-up 486 chips should prosper in low-priced desktops and notebooks. For corporate and technical users, however, true 586-class chips look like a better buy. They're a safer long-term investment, and they offer superior perfor- mance, especially for floating- point tasks. — TRH 30 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 The best CD to complete your office suite Internet Web Browser and Fax Corel Web Mosaic™ Built-in playback support for AIFF and AU audio files Direct display of GIF and JPEG images Full printing applications CorelFAX" Send faxes from within any Windows application Built-in OCR and TWAIN- compliant scanning Send and receive faxes in the background PeisonaWnlormation Manager Corel PLANNER" Cross-reference information easily by linking related items together Daily, weekly, monthly and yearly calendar views for planning appointments and activities Fonts Corel FQHT MASTER M 500 high-quality Bitstream* and URW™ fonts Preview fonts, assemble font groups, install and de-install TrueType'fonts on the fly You've got your office suite... but to maximize your productivity you need Corel CD Office Companion. It's value-packed with World Wide Web and fax communications, business graphics, PIM, clipart, fonts, reference libraries and multimedia utilities — all on one convenient CD-ROM! Corel CD Office Companion — the ideal complement to: • Microsoft 9 Office • Novell* PerfectOffice " • Lotus Smart Suite* kkiij Incredible power and value all on one convenient - CD-ROM , r fTl Microsoft is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation, PerfectOffice is a trademark of Novell, Inc., and SmartSuite Is a registered trademark of Lotus Development Corporation. Microsoft Corporation, Novell, Inc. and Lotus Development Corporation make no endorsement of Corel or Corel CD Office Companion. Part #449124 USS plus applicable taxes. STAPLES The Office Superstore 1-800-333-3330 Call for the store nearest you! Business Graphics CorelFLOVT2* 2,000 "drag and drop" symbols 90 Smart Symbol Libraries Built-in spell checker Automatic shape connectors Clipart and Photos Corel GALLERY™ T 15,000 clipart images 200 photos and 75 sound clips Full-color reference guide of each clipart image Complete Electronic Reference Corel BOOKCASE™ Electronic encyclopedia, dictionary, contemporary quotations, plus 3 almanacs including a business and sports almanac Correspondence Library— 700 standard business letters Multimedia Utilities Corel CD Audio™— Listen to your favorite audio CD from your CD-ROM drive WinTune*" 2.0— System diagnostic indicator to optimize the performance of your PC WinDaF' . WA V editor— Record and edit sound clips Corel Screen Saver and Wallpaper Flipper *Clipart, font and photo libraries vary from the standalone versions of CorelFLOW 2 and Corel GALLERY 2. &COREL 9 ^ m custserv@corel.ca Call now for faxed literature! 1-61 3-728-0826 ext. 3080 Circle 64 on Inquiry Card. NEWS & VIEWS INTERACTIVE COMPACT DISCS Interactive Music Videos Arrive for Macs and PCs When you play Todd Rundgren's The Individualist interactive CD in a multimedia desktop system, you get the equivalent of a music video accompanying each song. Yost can instantly cue to any audio track chorus or verse by highlighting an interactive lyric text. The CD also has footage of a live performance taken from Rundgren's vidoo No World Order Tour. This lets you play video director by choosing among foar different camera posit custom music videos of the show. CD-ROM Notebooks Proliferate Imagine listening tu glorious digital stereo on your car's CD au- dio system. But when you arrive home and put the same CD into your computer's CD-ROM drive, you can listen to the audio, plus view interactive music videos, lyric sheets, artist biogra- phies, and interviews. The CD+ (also known as Enhanced Music Compact Disc) format lets you do all the above and brings the au- dio CD into the era of interactive content delivery using desktop multimedia systems. CD+ addresses the problem with today's interactive CDs, in which the lyrics, photos, graphics, and video are stored on track I . When you play track 1 of current interactive CDs on a standard audio CD player, the resulting grating, buzz-saw sound can damage the speak- ers. The new CD-I- format elim- inates this problem. CD+ is a two-session format that works on current-generation multises- sion CD-ROM drives and all standard audio CD players. CD-l- lets content producers put audio tracks of first^session \ audio as standard CD-DA (Red Book Compact Disc Digital Au- dio) alongside CD-ROM com- puter data that was recorded in a second session An audio CD player that encounters the lead- out end of the audio session won't try to play the computer data. Todd Rundgren, a well-known cybertainer in the music in- dustry, is making his new CD, The Individualist, available only in CD-I- format. Rundgren describes The Individualist (see the screen), which should be available by the time you read this, as a "multimedia album" designed to run on both PCs and Macs. With the CD in a multimedia desktop system, you get the equiv- , ~, alentof a music video with each song. Major industry players — including Apple, Microsoft, Philips Electronics, Sony, and the Recording Industry Association of America, which is the trade group that represents U.S. record labels — have endorsed the CD+ Blue Book specification. Microsoft is also backing CD-I- with its release of Symmetry, a CD-I- de- velopment and authoring tool that supports WinG graphics acceleration, WinToon cartoon animation, and Surround Video. Macromedia (San Francisco, CA) also expects to release its Director Enhanced CD Toolkit for the Mac and Windows this fall. However, CD-I- is not the only interactive CD format. Con- tent producers are also using ActiveAudio's Track Zero format, which was announced last year. Track Zero has advantages over CD+. Unlike CD+, which requires a multisession CD-ROM drive, Track Zero works on single-session CD-ROM drives as well. And although Microsoft says it will include full CD+ Blue Book support in Windows 95, the com- pany hasn't said if it will support the format in Windows 3.1 or NT. ActiveAudio already has drivers for the Mac, as well as the three ver- sions of Windows. Whether they use Track Zero, CD+, or another for- mat, these new interactive CDs are another example of how PCs and Macs are becoming entertain- ment appliances. — Greg Loveria WebAddr interactive COii For more information on Microsoft's latest lists of CD+-compliant multisession CD-ROM drives for Windows, goto: http://www.eden.com/ cdplus/index.html. Mac and PC users can view ActiveAudio releases at http://quicktime.apple.com/ qtmusic.html and get additional information on the Track Zero specification at http://quicktime.apple.com/ AAJv1ENU.HTM. • Multimedia presentations • Distributed databases • Entertainment to go • Increased weight • Shorter battery life • Higher cost The number of notebooks with integrated CD-ROM drives will almost double in the next year, according to InfoTech, the international CD-ROM consultancy (Woodstock, VT). At the Computex show in Taipei, which should portend what you'll see in retail outlets this fall, practically every notebook vendor showed at least one CD-ROM- equipped portable. Sales of CD-ROM- equipped hand-held models will probably be less than notebook PCs, although InfoTech says gaming machines could change that forecast. is V ' 1 K S i i J i I -. M li I ■ R I 995 If l(bu re Buying A Modem At Present, Get One With A Future. Why put off buying the new standard in PCMCIA (PC Card) modems for tomorrow if you can enjoy its advantages today? The new standard: Our 28.8 with the X JACK® Connector In the PCMCIA slot, XJACK* pps out for use and back in for trtvel. The Megahertz 28.8 modem lets you establish high-speed, dial-up Internet and on-line service connections right now. Which means faster downloads and lower phone bills. And connecting couldn't be easier. Our built-in XJACK® connector pops out for standard RJ-11 phone cord connections, giving you one less cable to carry or lose. Independent tests have also proven it the most durable PC Card connector around. Plus, intelligent installation, with plug-and-play support, gets users up and running fast. Our focus on mobile users' needs has made Megahertz the PC Card modem leader. It's helped us eliminate notebook compatibility problems and simplify upgrades with Flash DSP and Flash ROM. The Megahertz Digital Line Guard feature protects the modem from damage caused by accidental connections to higher-voltage PBX or digital lines. And adherence to the V.34 industry standard ensures improved perf ormance, compatibility and reliable, high-speed connections. So don't just buy a modem that solves your needs now. Buy the modem with the future built in. The 28.8Kbps, V.34 modem from Megahertz. For details, call 1-800-LINKING, ext. 4324, or visit our web page at http://www.xmission.com/~mhz Ether net 'Modem ivith XJACK* Cellular Modem I 28.8 with XJACK'' Ethernet ivith XJACK Megahertz offers a complete line of industry-leading mobile connectivity solutions. ^Megahertz ^^ Tjnkina ¥)ur Worlds Linking ISmr Worlds The XJACK connector is U.S. Patent Nos. 5,183,404, 5,336,099 and 5, 338,210, property of Megahertz Corporation. ©1995 Megahertz Corporation. Megahertz, the Megahertz logo, XJACK and Linking Your Worlds are all registeredtrademarks of Megahertz Corporation. Megahertz is a wholly owned subsidiary of U.S. Robotics Corporation. Megahertz is licensed by Spectrum Cellular Corporation. All other product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Circle 107 on Inquiry Card. NEWS & VIEWS NOTEBOOK TRENDS Bigger LCDs Mean Better Images to Go Bigger screens, more pix- els. That's the trend in notebook screens as LCD man- ufacturers satisfy consumers' desire for bigger displays, es- pecially for users whose note- book is their primary computer. The 10.4-inch VGA AMLCD (active-matrix LCD) is com- mon in notebooks today, and some notebooks with bigger 1 1.3-inch passive-matrix dis- plays such as the Austin Vista notebook from IPC Technolo- gies (Austin, TX) are already available. Expect more 1 1.3- inch AMLCD notebooks to reach the market this year and next as screen manufacturers such as Hosiden, Sharp, NEC Electronics, Hitachi, and oth- ers achieve volume production. Notebook displays that are larger than 1 1.3 inches diago- nal will require a new notebook format. Apparently, that is what notebook vendors have in mind. Display manufacturer Mitsubishi Electronics Ameri- ca (Sunnyvale, CA) is work- ing to redesign its existing 12.1-inch XGA (Extended Graphics Array) display to make it more suitable for note- books. "Various companies have informed us that there may be a new notebook size coming out in the next year or so that will take a 12.1 -inch display," says Dale Maunu, product market- ing manager at Mitsubishi. He declined to name specific com- panies. Screen manufacturers that will or already have 12.1- inch displays include Hosiden, Sharp, NEC Electronics, IBM, Hitachi, and Toshiba. Because the 12.1 -inch dis- play offers about the same viewing area as a 14-inch CRT monitor, manufacturers also hope to sell some of these 12.1- inch displays with desktop computer systems. Expect to see these larger LCDs with high-end worksta- tions where desk space is limited or mobility is important. Displays that are 12.1 inches and larger are not a new item. Most display makers have made prototypes or are in limited production of larger- size displays. However, 12.1- inch displays are costly, power- hungry, and heavier than 10.4-inch displays. Screen manufacturers are working to reduce the cost and weight of the displays and improve per- formance. And notebook man- ufacturers are investigating ways to make their laptops lighter and thinner to accept the new large displays. One way display makers hope to reduce the prices of their larger displays is through improving their manufacturing efficiency. Most manufactur- ers say larger motherglass sizes are the best way to improve ef- ficiency, because more displays can be processed at the same time. To reduce weight, dis- play makers plan to use thin- ner glass, more compact elec- tronics that drive the video, and smaller backlight tubes. "While the market demands smaller and lighter notebooks, it also wants the largest screen available," says Greg Gonza- les, who is director of portable products at IPC Technologies ((800) 338- 1 57 1 ). "Our weight target is still under 6 pounds." Given those parameters, Gon- zales says, the current strategy is to design notebooks that are wider, but about 1.5 inches thick, or about 0.5 inch thinner than today. —Chris Chinnock Microchip's fuzzy Tech-MP Explorer includes hardware (shown) and software that lets you explore fuzzy-logic programming. The fuzzyTech-MP Explorer ($295) is a combination of software and hardware for learning how to de- velop a fuzzy application. Though I have seen fuzzy logic applied to decision-making systems such as fuzzy-logic-based spreadsheets, the fuzzyTech-MP Explorer from Microchip Tech- nology (Chandler, AZ, (602) 786-7200; fax (602) 899-9210) concentrates on using fuzzy logic in system control applications. The hardware side of the Explorer is the fuzzy- Lab, a small circuit board powered by an AC adapter and populated with LEDs, push but- tons, a pair of potentiometers, RS-232 cir- cuitry, a socketed PIC-family processor, and a thermistor/resistor pair (bonded together in a plastic sheath). One out- put pin of the PIC processor is connected to the resistor. By varying the duty cycle of a pulse wave outthat pin, you can heat the resistor. Via an- other I/O pin, the PIC processor reads the thermistor's temperature. The processor on the fuzzy Lab "talks" through the serial port to the Win- dows-based fuzzyTech development system. The idea is to produce a fuzzy-logic control program that can heat the thermistor to a target temperature and keep it there. This sounds simple, but fuzzyTech 's tuto al will show you that this is not the case. In the tutorial, you operate the heating manually. I quickly dis- covered that when you turn the heater up too quickly, you overshoot the optimum temperature. If you back off too fast, it undershoots as it cools down. (I discovered that I would make a lousy thermostat.) The next step is to activate the fuzzyTech development system. You define "crisp" values: real-world inputs and outputs (e.g., tempera- ture and duty cycle). The crisp inputs are read into the system and "fuzzified" into linguistic terms: A temperature of 30°C might "fuzzify" into the linguistic term too cold. Linguistic terms pass through a set of IF...THEN statements that you construct. These statements determine output linguistic terms. The output is "defuzzhled" into a crisp output value that controls the amount of current going into the resistor. All this lime, you're learning fuzzy-logic fundamentals: how Id define lin- guistic terms, how crisp input values convert ita membership, within linguistic terms, how output linguistic terms convert to crisp output values, and so on. Best of all, you can see if what you've learned works using the included fuzzyTech Software. The fuzzyTech development system provides a visual IDE (integrated de- velopment environment). Your system's details are all saved in an FTL (fuzzy technology language) source code file. Once your program works properly, you can output PIC16xx-compatible source code. (You need a separate product to assemble the source code into executable code.) You can even build a simulation in C and use fuzzyTech to control it The product uses Windows messages as the communications route. Source code for this interface is provided. Microchip includes a sample program that uses this technique. It simulates using a crane to unload boat cargo and uses fuzzyTech to control the crane's motor. If you want to get your fuzzy feet wet, I can think of no better way than this. 32NA 2 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 DELL LATITUDE Dependable Notebooks With Superior Battery Life DELL* LATITUDE™ LX4100D 100MHz 1NTELDX4™ PROCESSOR * 10.4" Dual Scan Color Display * 4MB RAM (20MB Max RAM) * 128KB L2 Cache * 420MB Upgradeable Hard Drive (810MB Max) ■ * $99 More for 2nd NiMH Battery (Slides into floppy drive to achieve extended battery life) • 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM • 2 Type 11/1 Type III PCMCIA Slots • Preloaded Communications Software • 6.2 Pounds • 1 Year Warranty* • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee* • Double your RAM for only $200 more. Business Lease : $74/Mo. Order Code #800020 Our New 100MHz Latitude LX Notebook $1999 FITS IN SMALL BUDGETS AS WELL AS SMALL BRIEFCASES, With the versatile Dell Latitude LX, you can put $3500 worth of notebook in your briefcase, but pay only $1999. You've always nil NEW lO 4" wanted a 10.4" STN ™ B¥W T^T) color display, ""jjISP^Y^ a speedy 100MHz processor, and l_2 cache right there on the motherboard. Now you've got it all. The Dell Latitude LX notebook's floppy drive bay accepts a second battery for double the battery life. And our notebook is covered by a guaranteed* 1 year next- business-day, at-your-desk service contract? So, if you don't getthe Dell Latitude LX now, you better have something examined. And we don't mean your briefcase. DetL TO ORDER. CALL 800-247-5519 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri 7am-9pm CT • Sat10am-6pmCT Sun 12pm-5pm CT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01041 Promotional pricing on featured system is not discountable. "Guarantees available in the U.S. only for registered owners of Dell Latitude systems purchased after 8/8/94. *Fora complete copy of our Guarantees or Limited Warranties, please write Dell USA LP.. 2214 W. Braker Lane, Building 3, Austin, TX 78758. ^On-site service provided by BancTec Service Corp. On-site service may not be available in certain remote locations. ^Business leasing arranged by Leasing Group, Inc. *Prices and specifications valid in the U.S. only and subject to change without notice. The Intel Inside logo is a registered trademark and lntelDX4 is a trademark of Intel Corporation. ©1995 Dell Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. NEWS & VIEWS ALL-IN-ONE COMPUTERS Computer-TV Hybrids Invade the Den Front View This fall, look for a wave of new PCs and Macs that inte- grate TV, stereo, and CD-ROM. At the fifteenth annual Computex Taipei exhibition, numerous vendors, including Acer, EliteGroup, Mitac, and Tatung (all from Taipei, Taiwan), showed PCs that typically integrate a 14- or 15-inch monitor, a 486- or Pentium-class CPU, a PCI (Peripheral Com- ponent Interconnect) bus, a TV receiver card, video in ports for VCRs, stereo, a dual- or quad-speed CD- ROM drive, 16-bit sound, integrated amplified stereo speakers, and, naturally, remote control. Apple, which already sells an "all-in-one Mac" for the education market, will release a system for the home this summer, the Performa 5200 CD series, which will include a PowerPC 603 processor run- ning at 75 MHz. Richard Chen, who is the product marketing director for Elite- Group Computer Systems (Taipei and Fremont, CA), which developed ac power the Vertos system (see the figure), says these all-in-one computers will appeal to people in homes with limited Space (e.g., in Japan) Keyboard/mouse Volume H-phase Brightness Contrast Power LED Phone tines (Digital answering machine and speakerphone are included) ^ m< w 1 Ports Line and to college students who are living in small dormitory rooms. He also says the all-in-one systems (aka monoputers) should be sold as the second, not the first, TV someone buys. " If retailers try to sell these as if they were a TV, people would wonder why they should have to pay $2500." Combining a TV, stereo, telephone answering ma- ts-inch monitor chine, and other appliances taier'thfs'year) 01 ' in a pc presents a challenge for the interface designer, says Karen Stein wachs, group product manager at Epson (Torrance, CA), which plans to release a monoputer this fall. "It will be interesting to see how the GUI and the re- mote control converge," she says. "Vendors will have to in- tegrate PC functionality with the normal home/audio way of interacting with devices." She also predicts that as all-in-one systems get 3-D graphics and 3-D sound, they will become even stronger competition to stand-alone games platforms such as Sega. — DA Remote-control sensor Microphone Headphone Expansion slots EliteGroup's all-in-one PC typifies the type of machines you should see this fall. BEST OF COMPUTEX TAIPEI — The fifteenth annual Computex Taipei show held in June featured a wealth of PC, notebook, peripheral, and component introductions, many of which will reach the world's retail shelves this fall. Editors at BYTE and 0&1 BYTE, which is the Chinese-language version of BYTE, surveyed the show to find the best hardware and software products. Here's what they found: Best System (system mother- board or chip set) Winner: The Flexus (+886 2 782 7292; fax +886 2 788 3862) 586F57, which is a high-speed Pentium motherboard that supports Pentiums running at up to 170 MHz internally. Runners-up: Via Technology (+886 2 218 5452; fax +886 2 218 5453), for its green PC chip set, and AsusTek (+886 2 894 3447; fax +886 2 894 3449), for its P/I-P55TP4XE, which supports a variety of Pentium processors. Best Portable: Winner: Acer (+886 2 545 5288; fax +886 2 545 5308), for its AcerNote 950, which includes a 10.4- inch active-matrix screen, a built-in CD-ROM drive, a touchpad mouse, and an Intel Pentium chip. Runners-up: Dual (+886 2 788 3919; fax +886 2 783 0023), for its 100-MHz Pentium-based PMD 5500 Pentimedia II with a built-in CD-ROM drive, and Kapok (+886 2 298 2651; fax +886 2 694 8787), for its notebook PC, which also has a CD-ROM drive. Best Peripheral: Winner: Up-Safe (+886 2 694 8181; fax +886 2 694 8787), for its DS-500 disk-size UPS (uninterrupt- ible power supply), which fits inside a PC server's ex- pansion slot. Runners-up: ViewSonic ((909) 869-7976; fax (909) 869-7958), for its 15GA 15-inch multimedia monitor with built-in microphone and speakers, and Mi- croTek's (+886 35 772155; fax +886 35 772598) PageWiz 300-dot-per-inch scanner. Multimedia Hardware: Winner: Umax (+886 2 517 0055; fax +886 2 517 2017), for its 192-bit MaxMedia CD/Pro graphics ac- celerator card, which uses three 64-bit graphics chips. Runners-up: Acer's Vuego six-speed CD-ROM drive; Aver (+886 2 226 3630; fax +886 2 221 4538), for its live-video frame-grabber board for PCs, and Lead- Tek (+886 2 248 4101; fax +886 2 248 4103), for its Proview GD 400 3D graphics card, which uses Nvidia's NV1 multimedia accelerator chip. Multimedia Software: Winner: U-Lead (+886 2 764 8599; fax +886 2 764 9599), for Media Studio Pro 2 integrated multimedia editing software for Windows. Runners-up: Prolab (+886 2 517 0750; fax +886 2 517 0760), for Media Folio, which is an image-pro- Gessing, video-processing, atfd authoring tool you use with Windows; and Far Stone's (+886 2 777 2435; fax +886 2 777 1720) SmartCD Instant soft- ware, which is a plug-and-play CD player for all CD- ROIvJ drives. Connectivity: Winner: D-Link (+886 2 916 1600; fax +886 2 914 6299), for its DFE-812TX100Base Hub and DFE 500TX 10/100-Mbps PCI (Peripheral Component In- terconnect) Fast Ethernet Adapter. Runners-up: CNet (+886 35 785158; fax +886 35 785159), for its CN9100 Ethernet-to-ATM (asynchro- nous transfer mode) switching hub, and Moxa (+886 2 910 1230; fax +886 2 910 1231), for its asyn- chronous terminal server. International Product: Winner: Logitech (+886 2 746 6601; fax +886 2 762 1943), for its Fotoman Pixtura digital camera. Runner-up: Miro (+886 2 999 8116; fax +886 2 999 8140), for its miroVideo DCI TV multimedia special- effects system. —Katie Sung 32NA 4 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 DELL DIMENSION Reliable PCs For High Performance Computing DELL" DIMENSION™ P75 75MHz PENTIUM' PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB RAM (128MB Max RAM) •256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) 14LS Monitor (14" CRT, Nl) ■• 64-bit PCMMB DRAM Video • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse •MS-DOS F '6.2/Microsoft® Windows® 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Add a 14.4 Fax/Modem for only $79 more. Business Lease : S52/M6. $1399 Order Code #500115 AT $139% YOUR P75 JUST CAME IN. Dell's featured digital artist is Sanjay Kothari of New York, NY. You can now be the proud owner of a 75MHz Pentium processor-based system for less than you or our competition ever thought possible. Our Dell Dimension P75 includes a robust 540MB hard drive, 8 megs of RAM, and a crisp color monitor. Then, for multimedia and graphics skills, the P75 has 64-bit PCI video performance with 1MB of DRAM. So.theysaygoodthingscometothose who wait. And when you call and order today, your wait will be over. D0LL TO ORDER, CALL 800-247-5X4 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri7am-9pmCT • Sat10am-6pmCT Sun 12pm-5pm CT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01042 Business leasing arranged by Leasing Group. Inc. *Prices and specifications valid in the U.S. only and subject to change without notice. The Intel Inside logo and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. MS-DOS, Windows and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ©1995 Dell Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. The new Compaq Contura notebooks. Powerful DX4 and keyboard. All in one remarkably affordable, elegantly processors asjast as 100MHz. Up to 720MB of storage capacity. efficient little package. Finally, a line of notebooks that ex- A docking base that lets you use an external monitor, mouse eel in the oddest of places. Like wherever you happen to be. nmrn Reuisiv-iv.l U.S. The new Compaq Contura. With an optional docking base, you gain easy network access and connection to peripherals. Affordable Powe RFUL Porta b le Pick Three. COMPAQ NEWS & VIEWS STORAGE TRENDS Coming: Better Data Management Tools The demand for increased storage capacity never seems to end. And this ever- increasing demand brings a need for tools to better manage the data. The growing use of client/ server applications and the downsizing of legacy applica- tions to LANs are two promi- nent contributors to increased storage requirements. Today, companies typically store about 18 GB of data on their LANs (seethe figure "Growth of Cor- porate Storage Needs"), ac- cording to Strategic Research (Santa Barbara, C A). Additionally, data-storage requirements are increasing as users download files from the Internet. The size of down- loaded files is also increasing as users download graphical files from the World Wide Web as well as WAV and AVI files, which can be large. About 42 percent of users say they typically download files that are 2 to 5 MB in size, 19 per- cent say they typically down- Growth of Corporate Storage Needs 1995 1996 1994 13G0 18G0'**G0 load files between 5 and 10 MB, and 9 percent say the typ- ical file size is between 50 and 100 MB. This is according to a survey of 300 users conducted for 3M by Fleishman-Hillard Research. All this downloading and downsizing has sparked a de- mand for integrated data back- up, restoration, and migration tools. Typically, PC and net- work utility software vendors developed such tools. But now, companies known for their data-storage hardware products are getting into the act. Within the last year, Seagate Technology (Scotts Valley, NEW 4.6-GB OPTICAL DRIVE CHALLENGES MAGNETIC Pinnacle Micro (Irvine, CA) expects to release a new MO (magneto-optical) drive this month that's less expensive than magnetic hard drives. Also, it offers performance improvements over previous MO drives. Pinnacle says that with the new performance improvements, its 4.6-GB Apex drive will compete di- rectly with magnetic hard drives as a primary storage medium. The Apex features removable storage cartridges and is also compatible with current 2- and 2.6-GB MO drives. One improvement Pinnacle made is in data transfer speed. The company uses the same high-speed read-channel ICs (with some tweaking to support the optical format) found in magnetic hard drives to gain a respectable 6-MBps data transfer rate. The higher 4.6-GB data density is achieved by slightly increasing the record- ing area on the disk (without increasing the actual size of the 5VS-inch disk), using smaller-size bits to store data, and using smaller heads. The smaller heads also helped lower the seek time to between 15 and 17 milliseconds. And Pinnacle lowered the time required to write data to the drive by implementing direct over- write instead of the two-pass write operation used in other MO drives. The Apex may prove popular as a stand-alone storage device for power users as well as in optical jukeboxes. At a list price of $1695 (which includes a 4.6-GB cartridge), the drive offers a cost per megabyte of 37 cents compared to 58 cents per megabyte for a $2500 4.3-GB magnetic hard drive. Ray Freeman, an analyst at storage consultant Freeman and Associates (Santa Barbara, CA), says the Apex drive will be "immensely attractive" if it lives up to its advance billing. Says Freeman, "The Apex should stimulate additional demand for optical storage and generally give optical storage a shot in the arm." —DA CA) has acquired Palindrome (which sold data backup and management sys- tems) and Frye Com- puter (which sold network and system management soft- ware). And 3M's Data Storage Tape Technology Division (St. Paul, MN) is working with developers to bring simpler data management tools to the desktop user. Seagate's actions illustrate the trend to integrate data man- agement with network man- agement. Other companies, no- tably IBM and Microsoft, are also active in this field with their systems management ef- forts. Combined data/network management tools yield nu- merous synergies. One exam- ple is that you can link an HSM (hierarchical storage manage- ment) system to a network traf- fic-analysis product so that a large-scale file migration is de- layed if a traffic-analysis tool senses the network is stressed. Additionally, if the two types of tools are linked, your back- up program could monitor hard drive capacity and send an alert to a network management con- sole when a disk approaches a threshold level. In some ways, the 3M ef- forts target the other end of the scale: the desktop user. For ex- ample, one alliance 3M has is with Chili Pepper Software (Atlanta, GA), developers of Infinite Disk, an HSM-based file management package used with 3M's Travan minicar- tridge tape technology. Most HSM packages on the market are designed for net- work administrators to use and are fairly complex. But because Chili Pepper designed its pro- gram for the desktop user, In- finite Disk is easier to use than other programs. For example, one feature lets you designate how much hard disk space you need freed up when loading a large application. The program lets you enter the amount of disk space required by the ap- plication and then lets you specify how to move files off the hard drive. For example, you can specify TIFF and BMP files not used in 30 days. Another desktop data man- agement software product that will be available later this year comes from a 3M alliance with PGSoft (Pacific Grove, CA). The new utility lets you trans- fer, record, and play back data, audio, video, and other types of multimedia files without having to move them onto a hard drive. Essentially, a tape drive ap- pears as a "T" drive to the sys- tem, letting you click on a tape icon in File Manager to see what files are on tape or to drag and drop files in either direc- tion (tape to hard disk or vice versa). You can open any file on the tape as you normally would (as if it were on the hard drive). This feature is handy for CAD users who don't want to make room for a large file every time it's needed. Open- ing files off the tape drive is slower than opening a file on the hard drive, but 3M uses caching techniques to reduce the performance hit. Data backup, restoration, and migration tools have been around for many years. But the complexity of many of the products and the continuing ex- plosion in the amount of data that must be managed are prompting the industry to de- velop easier-to-use tools for both the network administra- tor and the desktop user. — Salvatore Salamone 32NA 8 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1 995 soothing less \!m>j\ the fastest, most poweM III personal computer in the world. W.W. still all boils down X.o one thing. Imagine having the power to do all the things that a Macintosh does so well, at workstation-plus speeds. The power to push not only the limits of your computer, but the limits of your creativity as well. To accomplish in minutes what once took hours. To have a tool on your desk flexible enough to change when your needs do. Giving you the freedom to grow. The freedom to adapt. It's the power that comes with the Power Macintosh 9500. The heart of the most powerful desktop publishing solution ever created. ^Assvr\ess Professiona/s, Vwancial Consultants,. tabling Directors. Communicators, FKccountanfs, You. Imagine having the power to use your computer for videoconfer- encing from one city to another with just a few clicks of a mouse. To see video run as smoothly onyour computer screen as it does on your television screen. To create documents and presentations that contain photos, music and film, as well as words, numbers and graphics. It's why Macintosh is more popular than ever with businesspeople. And why now, with the Power Macintosh 7000 series, you have the power to take your ideas farther than ever. i % ^ferfulthe ^ ? AW ^e compute^ Now the only thing more powerful than a Macintosh is your imagination. Introducing the new family of Power Macintosh computers. Vision, meet reality. Introducing the new family of Power Macintosh" personal computers. The professional Macintosh" family. Faster than a speeding brainwave. More powerful than a burst of inspiration. And more flexible than any computer in the world. Your ideas have never been given so much room to grow. At the core of these machines lies the rocks-like-a-hurricane PowerPC" processor. It's so fast that the new, ultrahigh-performance 604 RISC chip tested up to twice as fast as a dual 100 MHz Pentium chip? It's also built onto a replaceable daughterboard, ensuring you an easy upgrade path. But as far as we're concerned, the true test of a computer's power is what you can actually do with it. And in the case of these machines, it may very well be anythingyou can imagine. The Power Macintosh 9500 is the heart of the most powerful publishing solution ever to land on a desktop. Your favorite software runs faster than ever before, which means you produce results faster than ever before. And we've moved to industry-standard PCI architecture for even greater flexibility. In terms of raw horsepower, the Power Macintosh 8500 flies through processing-intensive jobs like CAD/CAM, 3-D modeling and 3-D rendering. It features NTSC/PAL video-in/video-out capabilities, as well as CD-quality stereo sound. It's never been easier to create on-line movies in minutes. High-end performance. Low-end price. It's what makes the Power Macintosh 7000 series perfect for any size business. Like all Power Macintosh computers, they come with built-in high-speed Ethernet networking. The power of RISC means more power for everything you do: searching a database, pulling together a videoconference, updating a spreadsheet created in the Windows OS. Everything. It all happens faster on a new Power Mac'." So you spend more of your time exploring results, and less time waiting foryour computer to catch up with you. After all, it's really not about how powerful the computer is. It's about how powerful the computer makes you. The power to turn inspiration into solutions. Ideas into products. Vision into reality. The power to be your best! Engineers, Architects, Scientists, Research Analysts, Educfc Explorers, Theorists, You. f*''' : sj -■<&'<*■ "•>'*. JT ■ ..- < -^ rr^s: ■■ r- _ . *£&*■" ."■■ - Imagine having the power to take an idea and actually turn it into something you can see in minutes.To manipulate sound and video as easily as you now handle text. To spend your energy explor- ing creative solutions, rather than waiting for your computer to perform them. Now factor in the practical simplicity and built-in functionality of a Macintosh, and you've got a machine that can maximize your most valuable resource: time. The PowerMacintosh 8500. The shortest distance between inspiration and reality. The Power Macintosh 9500. 1 20 or /32 MHz PowerPC 604 RISC processor Processor upgradable via daughterboard 6 PCI slots 3 expansion bays 12 DHAM sockets ^M 16MB to 768MB of DRAM m 1GB or 2GB Fast SCSI bard disk El » j Built-in lOBase-'f and mil Ethernet ^i The Apple Color LaserWriter 12/600 PS. %£ s J True 600 dpi Apple' Color PholoGrade ColorSync 2.0 12ppm black, 3/>pm color Windows 3-1 compatible Motor PostScript* Level 2 Built-in Ethernet for Novell Applelalk or TCP/IP networks The Power Macintosh 8500. 120 MHz PowerPC 604 RISC processor Processor upgradable via daughterboard 3 PCI slots 3 expansion bays 8 DRAM sockets 16MB to 512MB of 'DRAM 1GB or 2GB Fast SCSI hard disk Built-in video-in/video-oul capabilities up to 30 frames per second Built-in 10Base-7 and Mill Ethernet The Power Macintosh 7200 and 7500. 3 PCI slots Built-in lOBase-T and MUI Ethernet 7500 100 MHz PowerPC 601 RISC processor Processor upgradable via daughterboard 3 expansion bays 8 DRAM sockets 16MB to 512MB of DRAM Built-in vieleo-iii 7200 75 or 90 MHz PowerPC 601 RISC processor 4 DRAM sockets For more information, visit us §u the Internet al http://wicw.apple.com. The power to be your best. 'I'eijorimtme bencb»tAj; ColorSync, LaserWriter, Macintosh aud "'Ik' jnmvr to beyuitr lifsf'w rcgUteml trmlvimtrte nj Apple Computer. Inc. fairer Mac unit I'ou er ibu s and max Ik ngiitercd in certain jiirisitictittis. I'ouerl'C is a Imthmirk of international Husmess Maclmies Curponilioii. used under license tk-refmrii, ,-W Apple products arc designed to be accessible to indinduals with dimlnliiy To lairu more (l ! .S. only), aill H00776-2Jii or TDD SOO S.tU>22i BOOKS & CD-ROMs OPTIMIZING CODE Gary Kacmarcik How to Optimize Your PowerPC Code TOM THOMPSON The PowerPC market is growing, and many books covering the programming of this processor are being published. Optimizing PowerPC Code by Gary Kacmarcik tells how to write faster native code. The book starts with functional descriptions of the PowerPC 601 's architecture and instruction set. The author describes such features as cache operation and branch prediction logic. Once this groundwork is complete, Kacmarcik moves on to optimization tricks. Some of these are standard fare: using right shifts to replace multiply operations and multiplication to replace expensive divide operations (for numerous divide opera- tions, multiplying with a reciprocal is faster). Other tricks involve mixing the instruc- tion stream so that all the execution units are kept busy and avoiding pipeline stalls by modifying certain code structures, such as loop unrolling and code pasting (i.e., plac- ing code-block duplicates elsewhere in an algorithm to increase the number of inde- pendent instructions that can be sent to execution units). Finally, there are nitty-gritty details about specific register dependencies and what can be done to avoid them. It's important to note that this subject is discussed at a fairly high level. For exam- ple, the loop-unrolling examples are in C, although certain sections are peppered with assembly language output. Also, there's no treatment of development tools or a specific machine environment (e.g., the Power Mac's code implemen- tation). However, the broad treatment Kacmarcik uses lets these techniques be applied to all PowerPC systems. OPTIMIZING POWERPC CODE Tom Thompson is a BYTE senior technical editor at large who is the author o/Power Macintosh Programming Starter Kit (Hayclen Books, 1994). You can reach him on AppleLink as T. THOMPSON or on the Internet or BIX at tom_thompson@bix.com. Gary Kacmarcik Addison-Wesley ISBN 0-201-40839-2 $39.95 ESTABLISH A WEB BEACHHEAD MARKETING ON THE INTERNET: MULTIMEDIA STRATEGIES FOR THE WORLD WIDE WEB by Jill H. Ellsworth and Matthew V. Ellsworth John Wiley & Sons, ISBN 0-471-1 1850-8, $24.95 In the search to find yet another angle for an Internet book, the Ellsworths key off the current hot topic: commerce on the Net. Unfortunately, the book never addresses the question of how profitable on-line companies are. Instead, the authors quote gee-whiz statistics about how fast the Net is growing and imply that growth equates to profits for companies on the Net. Buying studies have yet to prove that's true, however. But if you're a true believer in Net commerce, or are afraid that you're letting a busi- ness opportunity slip by, this book provides a handy starting point for establishing your company on the Net. At its best, the book offers practical advice on what makes a homepage attractive and easy to navigate. At its worst, it's a rehash of Net introductory material that you'll find in dozens of other books. Most appealing are the step-by-step examples of HTML (Hypertext Markup Lan- guage) code that show you how to format ASCII text and embed hypertext links for doc- uments you want to publish on the Net. The authors also show how the same HTML text appears when viewed by different Web browsers. The core of Marketing on the In- ternet: Multimedia Strategies for the World Wide Web offers solid advice for busi- nesspeople itching to establish a Web site. But, like the Net itself, you'll have to sift through some extraneous material to get to the good stuff. ■ — Alan Joch SHOOT POOL AND/OR RELIVE THE SIXTIES VIRTUAL POOL Interplay Productions, 17922 Fitch Ave., Irvine, CA 92714, (714) 553-6655, $39.95 If you like to play pool, you'll love the Virtual Pool CD-ROM. Its developers really sweated the details. All the physics of the real game are there, such as friction, cushion response, and cue ball spin. You can line up a shot by "walking" around the table, move closer, back away, and even attempt a trick masse shot. In addition to eight-ball, you can play nine-ball, rotation, straight pool, and snooker. You can play against your com- puter, against a friend, or with other play- ers via a modem or over a network. Vir- tual Pool runs under DOS 5 or higher on PCs with at least a VGA card, 2 MB of RAM, 2 MB of hard disk space, and a Sound Blaster-compatible sound card. HAIGHT-ASHBURY IN THE SIXTIES Compton's NewMedia, 2320 Camino Vida Roble, Carlsbad, CA 92009, (619) 929-2500, $49.95 During the 1 960s, the San Francisco district of Haight-Ashbury was a cen- ter for youth rebellion, the antiwar move- ment, and major cultural and artis- tic experimenta- tion. Free love, flower power, hip- pies, and great music flourished. Haight-Ashbury in the Sixties cap- tures many of the personalities of the time, including Allen Ginsberg and Timothy Leary, as well as music from the Grateful Dead and Jef- ferson Airplane. There's even an adven- ture game that lets you explore Haight St. The CD-ROM runs on an MPC with Windows 3.1 or a Mac with System 7.0. — Rich Friedman A time of youth rebellion. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 33 You know how applications look. VI •£&&■ You know how to click a mouse. You know how to draw a line. You know how to watch T :X a computer do all the work, w^-^ •■■ I ■"'• .%, ^V bl Client 10 DatabaseQuery Result Table This concludes your training in 00 programming with VisualAge. No one's debating the benefits of object- oriented programming. The only question is whether it's worth the time and money it would cost to implement. With VisualAge^ the question may be irrelevant. Because its simplicity can easily remove the barriers between you and the fast development of object-oriented Can your softw applications. VisualAge is light years beyond mere GUI builders. It's a graphical environment that takes you through the entire process, from interface design to working application. As InfoWorld puts it, "a masterpiece of visual programming." With the C++ edition, you work with "parts" from IBM's Open Class Library, creating visual links between them. They're easy to modify and compliant with stan- dards, so they can be used across platforms, from PCs to the biggest servers. When your project is complete, you've created an application with industry-standard code (C++ or Smalltalk). And in a fraction of the traditional development time, you're ready to deploy a true object-oriented application, with solid components that can easily be used over and over in are do this? future projects. Of course, your full 00 solution requires even more. That's why IBM offers more 00 products, consulting, education and services than any other software company. To quickly take advantage of 00 technology, call 1 800 IBM-3333 ext. GA 070 or visit http://www.software.ibm.com. You'll find that you've been in training for VisualAge all your life. Solutions for a small planet In Canada, please call 1 800 565-SW4U. Outside North America, please contact your local IBM office. The IBM home page is located at hltp^/www. ibm.com. IBM is a registered trademark and VisualAge and Solutions for a small planet are trademarks of the International Business Machines Corpor ation.AII other company and/or product names are tiademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. © 1995 IBM Corporation. All rights reserved. (((I Sound To really see and hear all of Windows 95, you will need the best next generation hardware. Like the affordable Sound Blaster® 32. This next generation Sound Blaster features wave-table synthesis, CD quality, 16-bit digital audio and incredible 3D sound capabilities. And, because it's a genuine Sound Blaster, you know it works with all your favorite multimedia titles. Then there's Modem Blaster™ 28.8. Wire yourself into the internet and play the hottest games modem to modem with the fastest modem « available. Of course, your system wont be complete without Blaster CD™ 4x. Use the power and performance of quad- speed CD-ROM to take full advan- tage of the latest multimedia titles. For more information on these next generation products, see your Creative Labs dealer. Do it now. And make Windows 95 all it was meant to be. CREATIVE CREATIVE LABS, INC. multimedia 'iSSss Creative © I 995 Creative Technology l.tii. Sound Bluster and the Sound Blaster Logo tire registered trademarks and Bluster CI), Modem Blaster, the Creative and Sound Blaster Compatibility Logos arc trademarks of Creative Technology Ltd. U.S. inquiries: Fax Back Service 408-428-2389, World Wide Web (http://www.creaf.com.), Creative Labs Customer Response Center 1-800-998-5227. All other trademarks arc the property of their respective holders. All rights reserved. Circle 95 on Inquiry Card. Assets on the Line SALVATORE SALAMONE r ou're planning a big vaca- tion trip, so you call Human Resources to see how many vacation days you have. "Well, we don't know exactly — somewhere be- tween 10 and 20." Makes it somewhat hard to plan, wouldn't you say? Strangely enough, IS managers try- ing to support end users are in a similar situation. They often lack accurate — and essential — information about the quantity and types of hardware and software their users are working with. The vendor community has re- sponded to the demand for such inven- tory information with a multipronged approach. Some software utility ven- dors, such as Frye Computer Systems (recently acquired by Seagate), Hori- zons Technology, McAfee Associates, Microsoft, Microsystems Software, Saber Software, Symantec, and Tally Systems, offer asset management soft- ware that performs hardware and soft- ware inventory of network-attached PCs, Macs, workstations, and servers. The DMTF (Desktop Management Task Force), which is an industry con- sortium of hardware and software ven- dors, has developed a specification that provides a standard way to inventory computer equipment over a network. Today, DMTF-compliant products are finding their way to market. Server and PC manufacturers, such as AST, Compaq, Dell, and NEC, are beefing up their products by adding firmware that performs a hardware in- ventory and makes this information available to network man- agement programs. Finally, if you don't want to do it yourself, outsourcing firms that specialize in network management, such as NetSolve and Hewlett-Packard's service organization, shrewdly offer config- uration and asset management services as well. Counting the Beans All these alternatives aim for the same goal: a more accurate pic- ture of the hardware and software throughout an organization, based on the detailed inventory information they collect. Tradi- Computer asset management, using automatic hardware and software systems, can simplify administration and save money tionally, such inventories have been performed by hand — with a screwdriver — going from desktop to desktop. But such manual inventories have countless drawbacks. Labor is required to per- form an inventory, typically half an hour per PC, accord- ing to the PC Asset Management Institute. For one or two PCs, that's OK. But for a less modest collection of 2000 PCs, that means 1 000 hours, or half a year for a full-time IS staffer doing nothing but inventory. Major snore, major expense. A second disadvantage to manual inventory is that the infor- mation collected quickly becomes outdated. The once-a-year in- ventory becomes obsolete as soon as a user installs a sound card. It's little wonder that most organizations either have no in- ventory or use an outdated one. As a result, they are constantly performing ad hoc inventories every time they need accurate in- formation — whether buying memory to upgrade PCs or merely SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 37 Assets on the Line Looking Under the Hood The DMTF ( Desktop Management Task Force) has fi- nalized its DMI ( Desktop Management Interface) specifications that, once adopted by equipment manu- facturers, will make hardware inventory easier. Over vendors have already pledged support for the standard. Basically, DMI defines a format of a management agent for desktop systems. Its layered-model architecture (see the figure) allows a wide range of software and hardware com- ponents to pass information about themselves to an asset man- agement system. The layers include an MI ( Management In- terface), a Service Layer, a CI (Component Interface), and MIFs (Management Information Formats). The MI passes requests for information ( I ) from the asset man- agement system to the device. Each component has a vendor- Desktop Management Interface DMI supplied MIF that describes the de- vice. The Service Layer (2) uses the device information stored in an MIF database (3) to interpret what is being requested. The CI (4) makes calls to component management software routines, which, when run, yield the inf ormation (5) requested by the as- set management system. troubleshooting a problem on a single PC. Whatever the reason, according to a sur- vey of 106 network managers conducted by Infonetics Research (San Jose, CA), companies spend an average of 40 hours per month performing asset and inventory management. Put another way, a week's salary is spent every month for such im- promptu inventories. Enter the Robot For these reasons, it makes sense to auto- mate as much of the inventory process as possible. That's most often what the prod- ucts from software utility vendors do. Typ- ically, asset management programs, such as Norton Administrator for Networks 2.0 from Symantec and NetCensus from Tally Systems, automatically collect detailed hard- ware and software inventory from servers and nodes on a network. These products run in different net- working environments (see the table "As- set Management Software"). Some are NLMs (NetWare load- able modules) and run only on Novell NetWare LANs. Others are NOS-independent (network operating system). Programs that inventory hard- ware collect information about a wide range of hardware compo- nents (see the screen on page 40). This includes processor type, disk drives, BIOS, serial and parallel ports, installed RAM — even the network adapter card, and whether a mouse or game port is installed. Programs that inventory soft- ware collect information about the system files, drivers, and applica- tions installed on machines, in- cluding version number and the date and time applications were created. Automatically collecting hardware and software inventory information has typi- cally required proprietary approaches. Of- ten, hardware inventory programs use a custom-developed TSR program running on each PC that queries the machine's hardware and passes this information to a server-based inventory program. For software inventory information, most vendors take a brute-force approach and simply compile lists of hundreds to thousands of common programs, typically including the name of each executable file as well as its size and date. The inventory program simply looks for executable files and compares the name, size, and date to the list to determine what versions of what programs are installed. A number of tricks make sure the version number is correct, including checking the time stamp, be- cause many applications set that time to the version number. For example, the ex- ASSET MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE ecutable files for Norton Desktop for Win- dows 3.0 carry a time stamp of 3:00 a.m. While these techniques instantly inven- tory equipment attached to a network, lap- tops and stand-alone computers typically run a separate program. It saves inventory information on a floppy disk that can be sneakernetted and incorporated into the corporate inventory database. Stand and Deliver These methods for taking inventories of hardware and software work fine to a point. If only these products would be- come more assertive and tell asset man- agement systems more about themselves. For example, hardware components should be able to identify themselves to an asset management system, rather than having to run a TSR on every machine. Two industry initiatives are tackling this goal. For software inventory, LSAPI (Li- censing Service API) includes program COMPANY PRODUCT NOS SUPPORT CLIENTS SUPPORTED INTEGRATED WITH UPPER-LEVEL MNGT. SYSTEM? Frye Computer Systems, Inc. Smart NetWare DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh Yes Horizons Technology, Inc. LANauditor NOS-independent DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh No McAfeeAssociates, Inc, LAN Inventory NetWare NT, NetWare DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh Yes Microsoft Corp. Systems Management Server Yes Microsystems Software, Inc. Software Sentry NOS-independent DOS, Windows No Novell and Intel Managewise Saber Enterprise Application Manager and LAN Workstation NetWare NetWare DOS, Windows Yes Saber Software Corp. DOS, Windows, OS/2, Macintosh Yes Symantec Corp. Norton Administrator for Networks NOS-independent DOS, Windows Yes Tally Systems Corp. NetCensus NOS-independent DOS, Windows No 38 BYXK SEPTEMBER 1995 Saies-O-Gnim -to AU Sales Representatives From: Kenton O'Keefe Sales Manager Subject: Pe^lvepo-rofcolorp^senW Color is color, unless it's brilliantly practical. It's the business printer you've been waiting for. Professional color so reliable, inexpensive and easy to use, it's a practical office tool. Speed? It's the world's fastest desktop color printer at 4 color pages per minute. Cost? Full text pages on plain paper at 3tf each. Color for lie on office papers. Simplicity? If you can load a stapler, you've mastered this machine. Reliability? Add 700 sheets and let it run overnight. That's robust. Price? At $4,995, nothing in its performance range even comes close. Best of all, it's from Tektronix, an industry leader, making world-class color printers for 13 years. The Phaser 340 Color Printer. So practical, it's brilliant. w Call 800/835-6100, Ext. 1037. http://www. tek.com/CPad?1037 © 1995 Tektronix, inc. All rights reserved Tektronix / Circle 90 on Inquiry Card. Assets on the Line ^ta Pari Description *l * 10 GAMEPORT No 11 HARDD1SK0 Typo: 16 Size 204MB 12 HARDOISK1 Type: Size: 0MB 13 RX I px Vef . 3. 1 SheB Ver. 1 26 R e v. A 14 LANDED Twre: Irtfd EthetEwfessftml 16 v1.09EC 91C905 15 LANCARDCFG Configured attRQ -10,1/0 -360h l& MOUSE |Yes V NETADDRESS I0QWOCT4FD30 18 NETBIOS jNo TU 1 MF IKl-KMFMI , , , Kanmaal Murrhot; Yl 1 ±i Li \t Asset management programs, such as Saber's LAN Workstation (shown here), typically display a wide variety of configuration information. calls that provide a common way for ap- plications to pass licensing information to an inventory or metering function. The in- ventory function itself can be either part of a NOS or a third-party utility program. Microsoft and Novell plan to include LSAPI in their OSes. Other interested ven- dors include Apple Computer (Cupertino, C A), Banyan Systems (Westborough, MA), Digital Equipment (Maynard, MA), Lotus Development (Cambridge, MA), McAfee Associates (Santa Clara, CA), Oracle (Red- wood Shores, C A), and WordPerfect (Orem, UT). As with most standards, adoption of LSAPI has been a slow process. However, once LSAPI is commonly deployed in ap- plications, it will be easy for administrators to identify software on their networks. On the hardware inventory front, the DMTF is leading the way with the DMI, which specifies a common way of ac- cessing the hardware and software com- ponents in a desktop PC. DMI lets man- agement systems access the information about a PC's internal components. The DMTF's CAPI (Common API) will sim- plify writing applications that access in- formation about a machine's innards (see the text box "Looking Under the Hood" on page 38). Heavyweight members of the DMTF include Digital, HP, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Novell, and SunConnect. Most major PC manufacturers, in- cluding AST, Compaq, Dell, and NEC, are incorporating DMI-compliant components into their PCs. The fourth inventory method, as mentioned above, involves outsourcing vendors who are gearing up to provide inventory and asset management services. Such companies say they will charge be- tween $3 to $8 per box per month for in- ventory services. For an organization with 2500 PCs, that translates to $90,000 to $240,000 per year. Benefits Aplenty That's a lot of money to pay outsiders just to take inventory. Why would anyone pay so much for something that simple? Prob- ably to save money in the long run. After all, a typical PC's purchase price accounts for only about 12 percent of the total cost of ownership over its lifetime, according to the Gartner Group. The other 88 percent covers administrative factors, such as in- ventory, training,andauditingcosts. A 1994 survey of the Help Desk Institute found that 82 percent didn'tknow how much each sup- port call cost them. Guesses ranged from $1 to $75. According to a survey of 180 large user organizations conducted by B usi- ness Research Group (Newton, MA), LAN support costs $778 per user per year on Net- Ware LANs. A Forrester Research (Cam- bridge, MA) study found that, for a 5000- user network, it costs three times more to supportL AN usersthan it would to support those same users on an SNA (Systems Net- work Architecture) network. Only within the last few years have such recurring management costs become an issue. Before that, the true costs of man- aging PCs and LANs were hopelessly scat- tered among numerous departmental op- erating budgets. But as organizations have recently tried to regain control of depart- mental LANs, these costs have been con- solidated into one operating budget, and the magnitude of the expense has become horrifyingly apparent. Many companies can also reduce sup- port expenses by ensuring that products still covered by warranties are serviced by their vendors. And warranty information can easily be stored in a company hard- ware inventory database. Asset management information can iden- tify trends and head off problems before they occur. For example, by using equip- ment service histories (stored in an asset management database) to become proac- tive in preventive maintenance, a company can cut costs for emergency repairs. So, what's an effective asset manager to do? First, it is to your advantage to buy DMI- compliant products (and insist that vendors offer them). Second, you can simplify many lives by looking for inventory programs that link into help-desk systems or higher-level management systems. Third, despite the overt expense, consider outsourcing the pro- cess if your staffing levels are low. The bottom line is thatcosts to support computer software and hardware dwarf the purchase price. Asset management can provide information that is key to reducing those costs, and maybe make that vaca- tion happen after all. ■ Salvatore Salamone is a BYTE news editor based in New York and author of Reducing the Cost of LAN Ownership ( Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1995). You can reach him on the Internet or BIX at ssalamone® bix. com. LANaudltor $495 for 50 users Horizons Technology, Inc. San Diego, CA (800) 828-3808 (619) 277-7100 fax: (619) 292-9439 Circle 1228 on Inquiry Card. LAN Inventory $699 for 100 users; $999 for 250 users McAfee Associates, Inc. Santa Clara, CA (800) 866-6585 (408) 988-3832 fax: (408) 970-9727 Circle 1229 on Inquiry Card. Managewlse $795 for five- user license; $6975 for 250 users (combines Novell's NetWare Management System and Intel's LANdesk Manager) Novell, Inc. Provo, UT (800) 453-1267 (801) 429-7000 fax: (801) 429-5155 Circlel230 on Inquiry Card. Intel Corp. Santa Clara, CA (800) 548-4725 (408) 765-8080 fax: (408) 765-1821 Circle 1231 on Inquiry Card. NetCensus $10 to $20 per PC depending on the number of licenses Tally Systems Corp. Hanover, NH (800) 262-3877 (603) 643-1300 fax: (603) 643-9366 Circle 1232 on Inquiry Card. Norton Administrator for Networks 2.0 $58 per node for 100-user license; $44 per node for 1000-user license Symantec Corp. Cupertino, CA (800) 441-7234 (408) 253-9600 fax: (408) 252-4694 Circle 1233 on Inquiry Card. Saber Enterprise Application Manager $695 per server Saber Software Corp. Dallas, TX (800) 338-8754 (214) 361-8086 " .'!)) fax: (214) 361-1882 Circle 1234 on Inquiry Card. Smart $495 for 100 users; $3795 for 1000 users Frye Computer Systems, Ina Boston, MA (800) 234-3793 (617) 451-5400 fax: (617) 451-6711 Circle 1235 on Inquiry Card. Software Sentry $595 for 250 users Microsystems Software, Inc. Framingham, MA (800) 489-2001 (508)879-9000 fax: (508) 626-8515 Circle 1236 on Inquiry Card. Systems Management Server $649 per server Microsoft Corp. Redmond, WA n T^^mmmmw ( 800) 426 - 9400 ^ffriL? '< (206) 882-8080 *; t^-Z&L ^x: (206) 936-7329 *■ Circle 1237 on Inquiry Card. 5 ^ ^JP 40 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 You Can Take It with You JEFFREY FRITZ emote access used to be 'the lifeline you clung to in your hotel room after .you realized your pre- sentation was home alone on your hard drive 3000 miles away. But today, re- mote-access networks are the founda- tion for companies that don't see cor- porate headquarters as ground zero anymore. Just as much action is taking place in the field, on the road, or in branch offices. The trick is to select the right tech- nology or mix of technologies that can make it easy for far-flung workers to reliably connect to your company's main network. More and more, digital- service WAN technologies are becom- ing part of this mix because they're faster and more dynamic than T- 1 or 56-Kbps leased lines. But even today, no one-size-fits-all solution exists for all companies, and venerable technologies still play a role in WAN connections. Your choices will depend on whether you need full- time point-to-point connections for a branch office, or more temporal con- nections for mobile workers or telecom- muters. Many companies require a combination of these two choices. ISDN and other digital services provide more ways to connect users to corporate networks Remote Gets Real The need for efficient remote access has grown in part because work can get done faster if you're closer to a customer site, or because work- groups are better if they're built on expertise rather than on geo- graphical proximity. Either way, employees throughout an en- terprise need to make business decisions with the same data that's available at headquarters. Alternately, people in the home office often need immediate ac- cess to the expertise of workers in the field, who may be able to spot business trends faster than those in a central location. In ad- dition, telecommuting is becoming a way of life for more and more people. LINK Resources Corp., a New York-based market research firm, says the U.S. work-at-home market grew to more than 40 million people last year. Digital technologies shine in those applications because of high throughput. Basic ISDN service, for ex- ample, provides for bandwidth of 128 Kbps, while a less commercialized technology such as ATM (asynchronous transfer mode) can scale up to more than 600 Mbps. Although 128 Kbps can seem like a narrow pipe for LANs, WAN devices can make the most of it with compression and filtering. At the same time, network ad- ministrators can use protocol filtering to reduce superfluous traf- fic over the WAN, especially by eliminating multicast and broad- cast packets. Address filtering allows only packets addressed to the remote destination to pass across the WAN. If filtering and compression are not enough, digital devices, including those for ISDN, can provide additional bandwidth-on-demand by auto- matically allocating and binding extra channels based on cur- rent traffic requirements. Cutting Costs with Contention Digital dial-up connections make sense in another way: They reduce the amount of line-termination equipment a company SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 41 You Can Take It with You must purchase. With leased lines, there is one-to-one correspondence between de- vices (such as bridges or routers) in the field and allocated ports in the central or hub site. Frequently, network managers use the ratio of devices in the field to avail- able ports at the hub as a way to size up their network connections. This ratio, called contention, is based on the as- sumption that all users will not simulta- neously try to connect to the enterprise. Contention reduces the amount of mon- ey you have to spend on lines and hub equipment. For example, a company might have 400 telecommuters, but no more than 50 are expected to be on line at any given time. Rather than installing 400 network ports at the enterprise hub, the company can connect 50 ports in a "roll down" con- figuration — 8:1 contention. Users dial a common telephone number and connect to the first available port. When the fifty- first caller attempts to connect, he or she will get a busy signal and will need to at- tempt the connection later. (In some ad- vanced hubs, an administration program keeps track of call attempts. When a hub port opens up, the unit will call the remote user back.) Finding the optimal contention ratio is an iterative process. Setting contention too low wastes resources and is unnecessarily expensive. Setting contention too high re- sults in call blocking and user frustration. Typically, network administrators will make a conservative guess and monitor access requests to see if the contention threshold is realistic. Once an administra- tor has some feel for typical usage, con- tention can be fine-tuned as needed. Pennanent Connections Despite the performance advantages of digital technologies, it's not always easy to determine the price/performance cut-over point between leased lines or analog phone lines and digital links. T-l, at 1.544 Mbps, or 56-Kbps leased lines are the traditional ways to connect branch offices to a head- quarters' LAN. Leased lines are particu- larly advantageous if you can count on a stable level of communications activity, which will help you cost-justify this type of connection. That's because leased lines operate at a fixed monthly cost, no mat- ter how much data you're pumping through them. Leased lines are an eco- nomical choice if you can find a way to constantly use them; for example, by mak- ing them communications links during business hours and data pipelines during the night to update corporate databases. However, life isn't always predictable enough for leased lines. Your company may need connections to remote offices for only a few hours a day. In this case, high-speed modems (which we'll discuss later) or switched digital networks are bet- ter choices than leased lines. Switched net- works establish connections only when the need to communicate exists. When there's no communications, the line shuts down and charges are no longer incurred. ISDN's Promise In areas where it's available, ISDN is par- ticularly suited for remote access because it can build upon traditional dial-up strate- gies where users dial in with modems over analog phone lines. ISDN can handle everything from connecting a single user Remote LAN Access Examples Enterprise Network ISDN switch ISDN BRI orPRI Multiple PRI connections Modem pool ISDN BRI PRI ISDN hub Single-Workstation Telecommuters (ISDN and Analog) Communications server Analog line PC with internal ISDN bus card Modem Portable running PPPor SLIP Remote Office with Multiple Users 1 0-Base-T concentrator Communications lines Ethernet cables Multiuser ISDN bridge/ router Giving remote users access to enterprise networks often involves a combination of dial-up analog and digital connections. Analog offers low-cost, ubiquitous service for transferring modest-size data files. Evolving digital services provide high throughput and, in some cases, scalable bandwidth. 42 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 You're ready to make the move to Microsoft's new 32-bit Windows 95 operating system. The most powerful PC operating system you've background, monitoring your system and automatically launching tools to maintain system performance and prevent system crashes. Of course, if your, .system doev Norton Utilities for Windows 95 keeps running to help you recover. That's the beauty of our /jmSpffi^ native, 32-bit utilities. No other utilities can NORTON UTILITIES PROVIDES THE ONLY AUTOMATIC DATA RECOVERY AND CONTINUOUS SYSTEM PROTECTION FOR WINDOWS 95. upgrade your utilities to Norton Utilities® for Windows 95. IT'S A 32-BIT WORLD OUT THERE. You already know Norton Utilities is the best set of tools for system protection, hard disk optimization and data recovery. What you may not realize is that your current 16-bit utilities won't run under Windows 95. And the simple utilities found in Windows 95 itself don't offer sufficient data protection for life in a 32-bit world. Which is why you need the new Norton Utilities for Windows 95. The first thing Norton Utilities for Windows 95 will do for you is tune up your system for Windows 95 by optimizing your hard drive and cleaning out all of the files you no longer need. Then Norton Utilities runs in the crash or you accidentally erase a file, Norton Utilities for Windows 95 gives you the data recovery tools users have relied on from day one. Even if other applications crash, NORTON UTILITIES FOR WINDOWS 95 PRE-INSTALLATION TUNE-UP Frees up disk space and provides a comprehensive pre-installation physical. NORTON SYSTEM DOCTOR Continuously monitors all vital resources and data integrity. Alerts you to impending disaster and recommends action or fixes problems automatically. NORTON DISK DOCTOR* Automatically diagnoses and repairs file system problems using the speed and safety of 32-bit technology. UNERASE* 100% protection ofe used files. The new wizard-like interface leads. you through file recovery step by step. SYSTEM INFORMATION Diagnoses potential conflicts and configii at ion problems with detailed system information and performance testing. NORTON SPEED DISK'" Automatically optimizes drives and reduces future fragmentation using 32-bit technology. continuous, real-time protection and data recovery in the brave new world of Windows 95. PROTECT YOUR DATA FROM DAY ONE. And like every software product from Symantec, Norton Utilities for Windows 95 comes with a full sixty-day money-back guarantee. So you've got nothing to lose. Except your data. Get your trade- up edition of Norton Utilities for Windows 95 today. If yon own Norton Utilities, Norton Desktop for Windows or PC Tools, get your $59.95 trade-up edition of Norton Utilities for Windows 95 today. To purchase, visit your software store or call us at 1-800-450-9760. ext. 9AP5 SYMANTEC. 'Tnule-up editions will run only when specified Symantec and Central Point products are already installed. Check with your sofiwatr store for qualifying versions. Nee does not include shipping & handling or any applicable sales tax, Sptantec, Norton Utilities, Norton Disk Doctor and UnEmseate registered trademarks and Speed Disk is a trad mark of Spuintec. All other brand mimes or tnulemarks are the property oftlmr respeclivtowners. ©1995 Symantec Corporation. All rights reserved. Visit w on the Internet itthttp:(hvmvjymantec. com. In Canatbt, call !-8ti-365-8&1l. In Australia, call 2-879-6577- In Europe, call3!-7!-353lll ■ Circle 347 on Inquiry Card. You ^a/iTake It with You (at higher data rates than when using a modem) to providing enhanced connec- tions of LANs at different sites (see the figure "Remote LAN Access Examples" on page 42). In this situation, you establish connections on an as-needed basis rather than having to pay for an idle pipeline, as with a leased line. Also, the call setup time for ISDN can happen in mil- liseconds, which avoids un- necessary charges. Traditional modems es- tablish as-needed connec- tions, but modems must con- vert digital data into analog signals for sending over phone lines. The ISDN dif- ference is that every step of the communication is digi- tal. Basic Rate Interface, or BRI, is the baseline ISDN service. It offers two B (bearer) channels of 64 Kbps each for combined through- put of 128 Kbps. (Primary Rate Interface, or PRI, of- fers 23 B channels.) ISDN is a multiple-channel service with built-in packet capability, lending itself extremely well to WAN access. Unfortu- nately, ISDN's benefits don't always come Typical Configuration of a Hub Site ISDN Bridge h Configuration parameters: Switch type ISDN type Callback Line speed Protocol Address age time Connection type Packet time-out Retry delay Called number Ringback number 5ESS- Custom OFF-*— 64K/line COMPRES: :i- 1001 Auto on OFF 30 2935555 Set up for AT&T 5ESS switch using custom translators Callback of remote user is off Compression is turned on Toss addresses older than 1000 seconds Automatically call the remote user If call is unsuccessful, try recalling remote user every 30 seconds Remote bridge J^ Security parameters: F Access status ON - ? System password Client password L Callback security \ Remote configuration 5J Protocol filtering: I C806 ACCEPT | 809b ACCEPT-**- 80f3 accept; Remote users can access the device Exists None OFF PROTECTED-^— Device configuration is password-protected Pass these Ethernet protocol types to the remote user; filter all other protocols Type of forwarding mode is ONLY Type of demand mode is ANY Number of Ethernet addresses: 20-< S^llT ab0Ut 2 ° '""^ Ethernet addresses % easily or inexpensively. Ordering ISDN service can be a nightmare. Some region- al phone companies are still developing expertise with the technology, and you have to make sure the service you receive matches the requirements of your ISDN hardware (for details on these two is- sues, see "Implementing ISDN," April BYTE). You may also find that ISDN rates in your area vary widely with what a branch office is quoted in another part of the country. Service prices vary de- pending on which ISDN service provider you use and if you are charged a flat rate or your usage is me- tered. You'll also pay dif- ferent rates for all-day or off-peak service. Expect baseline costs to run from $20 to about $70 per month for BRI. On top of this, some Regional Bell Oper- ating Companies charge an onerous extra fee just for the privilege of running lo- cal data over ISDN. (Some network administrators sar- castically refer to this as the ISDN Data Penalty.) On the bright side, prices for hardware are going down. Until re- cently, digital WAN devices were very expensive, costing more than $15,000 per location. But now, stand-alone ISDN bridges, supporting a number of remote COMPARING ACCESS TECHNOLOGIES ■technology SPEED MONTHLY SERVICE COST PROS CONS ft P0TS/V.34 Modem T-l Switched 56 ISDN (BRI) Frame Relay 28.8 Kbps i • Worldwide network and proven technology • Ready availability for mobile workers • Relatively low cost for small transmissions • Slow speed • Poor line quality can slow transmissions • Flat-rate charges mean you pay even when you're not using the connection • Moving or adding connections requires work orders 1 .5 Mbps 56 Kbps $16,925 2 $1585 2 • Well-established technology • Widely available • High bandwidth for full-time connections • Relatively fast digital service • Costs can be uneconomical for low- traffic operations 1 28 Kbps $350 3 • Fast digital connections can handle data, voice, video • Increasing availability • Surcharges can be exorbitant • Not available everywhere 2 Mbps $25,943 2 • High bandwidth • Packets can shrink or grow to match file sizes • High, scalable bandwidth • Can handle data, voice, video • Service can be expensive • Connections to LANs require routers • Products, services not yet readily available ATM 622 Mbps $34,650 2 ' Pricing is too variable to estimate. 1 Prices based on a star topology network used by main headquarters with five branch offices. Source: TeleChoice Inc. 3 Estimate for basic connection between a headquarters and five branch offices; does not include transmission costs or surcharges. BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Windows 95 is here. And it's really terrific. Except for one thing: it doesn't include any anti-virus protection. And your old anti-virus software won't work in Windows 95 either. But thousands of old viruses will. So that leaves you with a choice. Do nothing and hope you never come across an infected floppy or download an infected file. Or buy a new anti-virus software product that from the viruses everybody already, knows about. But also from the new virus* created" more, you get all this ironclad DETECTION, PREVENTION, DESTRUCTION. IF YOUR ANTI-VIRUS SOFTWARE DOESN'T HAVE ALL THREE, YOU'LL DE COMPLETELY EXPOSED TO VIRUSES IN WINDOWS 95. can work in this new environment. But which anti-virus product should you buy? Norton Antivirus® for Windows 95. NCSA CERTIFIED SO YOU CAN REST EASY. Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 is NCSA certified to detect 100% of the viruses found in circulation. And recent independent tests* conclusively demonstrate that Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 detects and destroys as many or more known viruses as any other v anti-virus product around. But our virus protection doesn't stop there. Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 Jso protects you from *new, unknown viruses. Thanks to a unique virus detection technology that allows us to spot any suspicious activity, no matterwhere it's lurking. So your system is safe. Not just protection without a host of long annoying disruptions to your work. worry every time you put a floppy in your disk drive. Because Norton Antivirus Designed for for Windows 95 scans files fast. : Even compressed files. THE NO RISK ANTI-VIRUS SOLUTION. Needless to say, Norton "000 Microsoft " And Norton Antivirus works Windows*95 Antivirus for Windows 95 in the background, continuously monitoring file access and usage. So it can stop viruses in their tracks. Which means you don't have to NORTON ANTIVIRUS FOR WINDOWS 95 WINDOWS 95 COMPLIANT Full 32-bit application. Supports fongfile names and Universal Naming Conventions. AUTOMATIC BACKGROUND MONITORING Virtual device driver unobtrusively checks for viruses in the background. Ensures backups and files transferred are virus-free. FAST SCANNING Provides ironclad virus protection without affecting productivity. Scans even compressed files fust. EXCLUSIVE VIRUS SENSOR Provides continuous, transparent protection against new, unknown viruses. NCSA CERTIFIED Detects 100% of viruses found in circulation. SYMANTEC. comes with our standard sixty-day money-back guarantee. So why gamble on running Windows 95 without complete virus protection? Get your trade- up edition of Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 today. TRADE-UP EDITION NOW ON SALE. ♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦« If you own Norton Antivirus, Central Point Anti-Virus, Norton Desktop for Windows, or PQ Tools, get your $29.95 trade-up edition** of Norton Antivirus for Windows 95 today. McAfee VirusScan and Dr. Solomons Anti-Virus owners also eligible. To purchase, visit your software store or call us at 1-800-450-9760 ext. 9AP6. 'Independent tests conducted by NCSA and VSUMJufy 1995. "Trade-up editions will run only when specified Symantec Central Point, Mcfee or Dr. Solomons products are already installed. Check with your software store for qualifying versions. Price does not include shipping &handUngor any applicable salts tax. Symantec and Norton Antivirus are registered ' trade marks of Symantec Corporation. M oilier brand names or trademarks art the property of their respective owners. ©1995 Symantec Corporation. All rights moved. Visit us on the Internet at http./fwww.tymamecxom. In Canada, call 1-800-365-8641. In Australia, call 2-879-6577. In Europe, call 31-71-353111. Circle 348 on Inquiry Card. You taflTake It with You workstations, are available for less than $2000. Single-workstation network de- vices, in the form of stand-alone units, typ- ically sell for less than $750. The price tag for an internal ISDN bus card can be as low as $250. That's comparable to some high-speed modems; however, an ISDN card offers significantly better throughput than even the fastest modem. ISDN PC cards — from companies such as DiGi International, ISDN*Tek, and oth- ers — act like a standard network interface card, which simplifies the network con- nection to a single RJ-45 cable plugged into the back of the user's computer. Some external and internal devices even contain the network terminator (also known as NT- 1) required with ISDN lines. This can save money, and it can also make installation considerably easier. Along with single-user and multiuser remote devices, there is a crop of multi- ple-channel ISDN WAN hubs designed for use on the enterprise backbone. Hub devices support a number of remote users through multiple BRI or PRI connections, or a combination of both. Hub units that can serve 160 simultaneous users cost in the $6000 to $12,000 range. These units are ideal for variable-load WAN environ- ments. A hub site ISDN bridge can be con- figured to filter packets and compress data so that the link performance is optimized (see the table "Typical Configuration of a Hub Site ISDN Bridge" on page 44). These bridges can dial back a user for security purposes, and they can save money by consolidating phone charges and getting a volume discount for calls originating from the central site. Digital Alternatives ISDN isn't the only digital game going (see the table "Comparing Access Tech- nologies" on page 44). ATM handles tra- ditional and multimedia data at throughput speeds that scale from 50 Mbps to 622 Mbps. This cell-switched technology breaks up data into neat 53-byte chunks at the sender. Each chunk carries the des- STRANGER DANGER As more people gain access to the enterprise, the risk to network security in- creases, and WAN administrators must constantly strike a balance between con- nectivity and security. No security measure is foolproof, but there are steps you can take to minimize the risks. As a rule, digital technologies are more se- cure than analog. Much to the chagrin of some federal agencies, the emergence of digital telecommunications technology has thwarted standard wire-tapping techniques. Recently, the FBI expressed frustration at its inability to tap ISDN circuits. Given time, there is little doubt that the FBI, and others perhaps less honorable, will devel- op methods to trap digital data. Meanwhile, corporate data running over digital links re- mains relatively secure. ISDN has additional security available through ICLID (Incoming Caller IDenthlcation). With ISDN, call setup messages contain the numbers of the calling and called parties. Net- work devices can be programmed to check the ICLID and reject connection attempts from unauthorized telephone numbers. LAN admin- istrators must realize that ICLID information only indicates that the correct line is being used — it does not validate the user. No matter what security measures are in- herent in the technology you choose, continue to take more mundane defenses seriously. Passwords are a good first line of defense for keeping unauthorized remote users away from network services. However, password protec- tion should be used only in combination with other security measures. Authentication, based on Kerberos or in- ternal codes created in WAN devices, is also valuable for WAN security. Callbacks are another popular form of se- curity for both analog and digital services. The user calls in, is validated, and is disconnected. The network then calls back the validated user. Besides providing security, callbacks can be a helpful tool for billing purposes. There is also the possibility of unauthorized access through a telecommuter's workstation. The solutions here are much the same as those for the corporate environment The workstation can be password-protected. Automatic log-ins should be prohibited. Restricting physical access to the worksta- tion at home is more difficult than in the office, but it can be done. tination address and is free to choose the path across the WAN that's quickest to the intended receiver. Once all the chunks arrive, the receiver reassembles the data into its original form. In time, ATM may be the technology that visually links remote sites via video- conferencing. While promising as a WAN technology, the commercial market for ATM remains nascent. In addition, ATM standards, including those that define how the technology will work with current net- work protocols, are still being developed. ATM should certainly be on your list of strategic technologies for the future, but to get actual work done now, rely on more traditional technologies. Switched 56, another digital WAN op- tion, can provide dial-up connections with up to 24 simultaneous channels. You'll need to install a CSU/DSU (channel ser- vice unit/data service unit) or a special modem, but call connection times are only a couple seconds, and throughput rates max out at 1.5 Mbps. Frame relay is a packet-switched tech- nology related to X.25. The difference is that frame relay jettisons the error-check- ing capabilities of X.25 to reduce over- head and achieve speeds of 2 Mbps. Frame-relay packets can be of variable sizes to dynamically handle larger files. To transform traditional LAN packetized data into frame-relay packets, you need to connect a router, bridge, or FRAD (frame- relay access device) to your local network. Pricing for frame-relay service varies de- pending on the number and the line speeds of the access points you set up on your network. Pricing may be a flat rate or it may be based on usage. Costs may run $500 a month or more. Don't Dis Modems Digital technologies may be the flashiest ways of making remote connections, but high prices and availability problems can dull their luster. You may never think of POTS (plain old telephone system) as be- ing flashy, but for ubiquitous service, fast connections for mobile workers, and low costs for modest-size data transfers, it's hard to beat a fast modem (see the figure "How They Work" on page 48). Today's V.34 modems offer more than top-end modem speed. The standard makes these modems more efficient than their predecessors ever were. For example, V.34 devices can monitor line conditions throughout the duration of a connection, not just in the beginning. This means that a V.34 modem can slow down or speed up to match changes in line quality. Poor quality can lead to an initial connection of 46 BYXK SEPTEMBER 1995 Congratulations! You're the proud owner of Microsoft's Windows 95 operating system. Working on a PC has never been easier. Now try these ten easy exercises and see how you can work even better and faster in Windows 95 with the all-new Norton Navigator™ r^T Tr^Tt^ 1 Fi rst > copy a file from one * ■■ directory to another. Okay, r>i jpT/ y 7 ' V_>1^1V_>1V* now copy another file. On f^T IZ^JZI average, it takes about eleven steps per file. Now copy a v_>-Llv_>JX. file with Norton Navigator. 5 Try a word search for ■ "profits" or any other text string within files. It's at least ten times faster on average with Norton Navigator. No matter how many files you have. Or how big they are. In fact, the bigger the files, the more time you'll save. ■? Save another minute *0* every time you delete, move, zip, or encrypt from ^g^^*^ 9. With Norton Navigator, you can create a different desktop for each project. So you can find your work more easily. And save even more time. 1ft Windows 95 ■ "■ supports long file names for all of your new 32-bit applications. Norton Navigator supports long file names The top io Reasons Why Norton navioator users work faster in windows 95. Hti Cwpett fo«« Mission accomplished. One step. 2 Opening a folder in Windows 95 ■ takes a full five clicks of your trusty mouse. But with Norton Navigator, you can open any folder with just one simple click. 3 Compress a file. Our built-in ■ PK-Zip compatible compression saves you a minute every time. 4 Use Norton Navigator to plug b into your Internet connection right from the File Manager. You can be out there using FTP to get files SETUP t W0P,DCBT » STARTUP t TEMPLATE ■■» in one third the time it would take you" with a separate application. any applications Open or Save dialog box. (Are you keeping count?) 7 One click is all it takes to access i recently opened files or folders from any application. Now isn't that better than wading through folders? ■2230 °p™ I Q Launch your favorite (WfOoi M fl B 1»T H files, folders, or applications simply by pushing a button on the Norton Taskbar. No more going up and down to and from the Start menu over and over again. NORTON NAVIGATOR FOR WINDOWS 95 NORTON NAVIGATOR ACCELERATES YOUR FILE MANAGEMENT IN WINDOWS 95. Norton Navigator puts file management at your fingertips with Norton File Manager, Explorer Extension and File Assist. Norton Folder Navigator lets you open, copy, move or create a shortcut for any folder with just one mouse click. Norton Taskbar features multiple desktops that let you organize your files and find your work faster. Norton FastFind performs specific text string searches at least ten times faster than Windows 95. for most 16-bit applications, too. So you'll never again have to remember what "billgbox" means. MAKE WINDOWS 95 AN EVEN BETTER PLACE TO BE. Well, there you have it. Our Top Ten. But try Norton Navigator for yourself and we're sure you'll find your own favorites. Because one of the greatest things about Norton Navigator is it lets you work the way you want to work Needless to say, it comes with our standard 60-day money-back guarantee. So get your trade-up edition today. ►♦♦♦♦*« Z If you own Norton Desktop, PC Tools, XTree, or Norton Commander, get your $39.95 trade-up edition' of *5ft::_l:" Norton Navigator for Windows 95 today. To purchase, visit your software store or call us at 1-800-450-9760 ext. 9AP7. imm SYMANTEC. 'Trade-up editions will run only whin specified 'Symantec am! Central Point products areatrendy installed. Chccl: with your sofluarc store for ijtialijyingeenions. Pricedoes not inclttdi fshipping& handlingor any applicable sales tax. Symantec is a registeredtrademark and Norton Ntwigdtorisi; trademark Oj Symantec Corporation. All oilier brand mimes or trademarks arc the property of their respcait'cowners. 91995 Symantec Corporation. All rights reserved. Visit us on the Internet at http://wuwsymantec.com. In Canada, call l-800-3(>5-864l. In Australia, call2-879-6577. hi Europe, call 3 1-7 1-3531 1 \ Circle 349 on Inquiry Card. You Can Take It with You How They Work Modems ISDN (BRI) Speed: 28.8 Kbps Time to send 1-MB file: 347.2 seconds (5.7 minutes) 64-Kbps channels ISDN switch Speed: 1 28 Kbps (two 64-Kbps channels) Time to send 1 -MB file: 62.5 seconds Q J^s. Speed: scalable from 50-622 Mbps Time to send 1-MB file: .05 seconds (at 155 Mbps) TRANSPORT MECHANISMS Analog signal over traditional telephone networks; circuit- switched (a connec- tion is established between two sites for the duration of the transmission). Digital signal over phone network; circuit-switched. Digital signal over packet-switched net- work. Sender breaks data up into 53-byte cells. Each cell finds fastest route to the receiver. The receiver reassembles the data into its original form. less than 28.8 Kbps, but if quality improves during a transmission, a V.34 unit reacts by boosting throughput. Likewise, it can drop back to slower speeds if quality dissolves. Earlier modems connected at slower speeds or even broke the connection. Using protocols such as SLIP and PPP, modems can give remote users access to local networks. By specifying how data is encapsulated before it traverses a WAN, PPP provides a standard way for modems and servers to communicate, no matter if they're running Windows, Unix, the Mac OS, or OS/2. In addition to traditional single-user modems, some vendors, such as Micro- corn and Shiva, offer network modems that have been designed with remote access in mind. For example, Shi- va's NetModem/E is a V.34 modem designed for dial-in connections and for con- necting LANs. The compa- ny' s LANRover/2E Plus is a router for remote-access applications; it uses a V.34 modem and ISDN module. While modems provide an economical way to dial into a LAN, even 28.8 Kbps can seem slow if you're transmitting large files. Mo- dem manufacturers have be- come adept at incorporat- ing compression algorithms into their prod- ucts. However, there remains a through- put ceiling above which analog services cannot go. Nevertheless, modems will simply be the only way to provide enterprise access to a significant number of remote users. Modems are particularly effective if you need a roving link, or if you want to con- nect remote workers who need only E- mail or who occasionally upload or down- load files. Modems won't blind you with their speed, but they use time-proven tech- nology and they're readily available. Take the Long View As you're evaluating technologies to make your current WAN environment efficient and cost-effective, don't ne- glect to plan for the future. WAN connections tend to grow exponentially over time as more and more users require enterprise-wide ser- vices. As the WAN grows, the job of network man- agement can become com- plex and time-consuming. Network operators can minimize management overhead through WAN de- vices that support SNMP, Telnet, and TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol). DiGi International Inc. Eden Prairie, MN (612) 943-9020 fax:(612)943-5398 ISDN*Tek San Gregorio, CA (415) 712-3000 Microcom Inc. Norwood, MA (617) 551-1000 fax: (617) 551-1021 Shiva Corp. Burlington, MA (508) 788-3061 fax: (508) 788-1539 These tools allow net- work technicians to administer and up- grade devices without traveling to the re- mote site. Using SNMP or Telnet, net- work managers can monitor and config- ure remote devices from the network control center. Simi- larly, TFTP allows managers to install software upgrades over the network. These tools help im- mensely when the re- mote device is hun- dreds of miles away from the enterprise network. Also keep in mind that bandwidth does not buy you every- thing. Adequate band- width will help re- mote users feel comfortable access- ing their corporate network. However, access does not nec- essarily translate into efficient or func- tional usage. Don't confuse wide-area net- works with wide-area services. For a variety of reasons, WAN users might have restricted access to enterprise services. Certain file servers and printers might be unavailable to WAN users for security reasons. Remote users might have access to TCP/IP-based services, but not to NetWare or AppleTalk. Restricted services can be a cost, security, or bandwidth-con- servation issue. Remote users need to un- derstand that they will not necessarily have all the services they might be used to. Ad hoc WANs are no longer consid- ered some kind of far-out future computing environment. Telecommuting and remote office connections to enterprise networks are a growing reality in/business today. It takes extra resources, planning, and thoughtful deployment to provide secure and efficient WAN services. However, the benefits in getting beyond the LAN out- weigh the costs. ■ Jeffrey Fritz is a telecommunications engi- neer who designs and manages data com- munications for West Virginia University, including its ISDN applications lab. Fritz chairs the National Information Infrastruc- ture Working Group. You can contact him on the Internet at jfritz@wvnvm.wvnet.edu or on BIX c/o editors. 48 BYXK SEPTEMBER 1995 [MB ANNIVERSARY EDITION best COMPUTERS P. 54 top PROGRAMS P.64 biggest TECHNDLOGIES P.3.09 most influential PEOPLE p.n.33 recommenaHASP. "In all the products we tested, except the HASP, we could see through the encrypting and questioning procedures... and crack them." CT Magazine (Germany) "Of all the protection devices tested, [MemoHASP] is without any doubt the one which combines the best features." PCompatible (Spain) "Trying to crack a program... that was protected utilizing all of HASP'S features is like searching for the Holy Grail." Micro Systems (France) "PC dongles... come with varying claims as to their transparency. The majority suffer from problems when a printer is connected... the HASP-3 is not affected...." Program Now (Britain) "Of all keys tested, HASP is the most ambitious one... the quality of HASP manufacturing seems excellent." PC Compatible (France) "[MacHASP is] an easy to use software protection system for the Macintosh, which ensures an effective defense against software piracy... Life is difficult for pirates... MacHASP is an optimal protection method, for the programmers... and for the users...." Bit Magazine (Italy) Our Clients agree. "Aladdin's HASP has helped us increase our revenues by providing us with extremely reliable and user-friendly protection for our software. In addition, Aladdin's service and technical support are simply first class." Frank LaMonica, Chairman, Vibrant Graphics "Quark/QSS has chosen HASP and MacHASP to protect QuarkXpress® in our most demanding markets, because we believe that Aladdin's products meet the high standards of reliability, compatibility and security required for these markets." John MacMonagle, Purchasing Manager, Quark/QSS "Aladdin's HASP gives our customers the key to protecting their investment in software development." David Assia, CEO, Magic Software Enterprises Ltd. \ Tin 1 1'mfasiniiul Software I'mla'tiun S\su-m for \W Macinin^li Operating . Environments PC: DOS, Windows, Windows NT, Win32s, Windows 95, OS/2, SCO Unix, SCO Xenix, Interactive Unix, AIX, AutoCAD, DOS Extenders, IANs MAC: Mac, Power Mac, LANs (ADB port) NEC: DOS, Windows, Windows NT, IANs OPEN SYSTEMS: RS6000, Sun, HP, DEC Alpha, Silicon Graphics, and more. AMIGA "We have been most impressed with the quality of the HASP keys, as well as with the excellent support provided by Aladdin. We have tried a number of protection methods, but for ease-of- use, cost, and reliability, we keep coming back to HASP." Jeremy du Plessis, Director, Indexia Research Visit Our Web Site! http://www.hasp.com/ 1-800-223-4277 ALADDIN YEARS The Professional ] s Choice 19 8 5-1995 ai ■ Aladdin Benelux 08894 19777 ■ Aladdin Japan 0426 60 7191 ■ Aladdin Russia 095 9230588 ■ Australia Conlab 3 98985685 ■ Czech Atlas 2 766085 ■ Chile Micrologica 2 222 1388 ■ Denmark Berendsen 39 577300 ■ Egypt Zeineldein 2 3604632 ■ Finland ID-Systems 870 3520 ■ Germany CSS 201 278804 ■ Greece Unibrain 1 6856320 ■ India Solutions 11 2218254 ■ Italy Partner Data 2 26147380 ■ Korea Dae-A 2 848 4481 ■ Mexico SiSoft 5 5439770 ■ New Zealand Training 4 5666014 ■ Poland Systherm 61 480273 ■ Portugal Futurmatica 1 4116269 ■ Romania Interactiv 64 153112 ■ South Africa D Le Roux 1 1 886 4704 ■ Spain PC Hardware 3 4493193 ■ Switzerland Opag 61 7169222 ■ Taiwan Teco 2 555 9676 ■ Turkey Mikrobeta 312 467 7504 © Aiadum Knowledge Systems Ltd 1985-1 995 (7.95) HASP is a registered tracfemork ol Aladdm Knowledge Systems Lid, Alt older product names are trade nark; ol llicir respective mariulaeliiiurs Mac & the Mac OS logo are trademarks ol Apple computer, inc . used under license Circle 214 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 215). North Aladdin Software Security Inc. America Tel: (S00) 223 4277, 212-564 5678 Pax: ? 12-S64 3377 K-mail: saJes@hasp.com WWW: h tt | >:/A\ ww. hasp.com/ Intl Office Aladdin Knowledge Systems Ltd. Tel: 972-3-537 5795, Fax: 972-3-537 5796 K-mail: aladdin@aladilin.co.il United Kingdom France Aladdin Knowledge Systems UK Ltd. Tel: 01753-622266, Fax: 01753-622262 K-mail: aladdinuk@solo.pipex.com Aladdin France SA Tel: 1 40 85 9885. Fax: 141219056 CompuServe: 100622.1522 Each year, the illegal use of software consumes nearly 50% of your potential revenues. With the flames of piracy eating away at your profits, can you afford not to protect your software? MAGU Software Obtained Illegally, by region, 1993 vs. 1994 Africa/Middle East S6 66 million S392 million $3.9 billion $4.3 billion $4.9 billion $6 billion S821 million $1.3 billion $2.4 billion $3.1 billion Source: BSA Asia Europe Latin Am erica : iP^ U.S./Canada Total for 1993: $12.8 billion Total for 1994; $15.2 billion Software Protection System It runs with NetWare I tell i| ier Med utily for os/2 windows,, Ma r O^s COMIOTIBLE IVld-L \JO MICROSOFT HASP® is widely acclaimed as the world's most advanced software protection solution. Since 1984, thousands of leading developers have used over one million HASP keys to protect billions of dollars worth of software. In fact, more developers are now choosing HASP than any other software protection method. Why? Because HASP'S security, reliability, and ease-of-use led them to a simple conclusion: HASP is the most effective software protection system available. To see for yourself how easily you can increase your revenues, call 1-800-223-4277 to order your HASP Developer's Kit. Software Developers: CMmvJftl Burns Your Profits IMEf lit essaqe from the Editor in Chief This special report marks the culmination of BYTE's twentieth year of publishing. Our magazine has changed a lot in 20 years. So has the microcomputer industry. And so has the BYTE reader. Twenty years ago, a devoted cadre of hobbyists and home-brew computer engi- neers made up the readership of this maga- zine. We built computers with our bare hands and toggled programs via front-panel switches. A mouse was a rodent, a network was a collection of business acquaintances, and gooey and scuzzy were undesirable attributes of decaying vegetation. Now we're hurtling toward a future where computers are integral to all strata of business and society. In the pages of BYTE each month, we celebrate and explain our advancing technologies. We look to give you the information you need to plan for tomorrow. While no other group is as resolutely focused on the future as are technologists, it's valuable to look back at the people and achievements that have put us where we are now. Today's technology has evolved from the creative imagination of a core group of visionaries, realized in their companies, their products, and their successes and failures. This special report is a nostalgia trip; it puts us in the crotch- ety-old-man role of saying, "Yep, Sonny, I remember when 64 KB was all the memory we'd ever need." Of course, 20 years from now, we'll be peering into history yet again, laughing at the previous generation's lack of horsepower, bandwidth, and integration — and, probably, once again remembering the "old days" with a peculiar fondness. &* Raphael Needleman, Editor in Chief CONTENTS AS A REWARD FOR HARD WORK. WE LET THE TWENTIETH ANNIVERSARY EDITORIAL CREW OUT OF THE BUILDING. BUT ONLY FDR A MOMENT. D TOP 20 SMALL SYSTEMS 54 D TOP 20 SOFTWARE PRODUCTS G4 D TOP 20 CHIPS 74 D TOP 20 NETWORKING PRODUCTS & STANDARDS 79 H THE BESTTHINGS ON-LINE 85 D BEST BOOKS & CD-ROMS 91 D REMARKABLE NAMES OF REAL COMPUTER COMPANIES 97 D MOST IMPORTANT COMPANIES 99 □ TOP 20 TECHNOLOGIES 109 m PREOICTIONSFORTHEYEAR2000 110 m 20 WORST ACRONYMS 114 m ABRIEFHISTORY OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES 121 m NOTORIOUS BUGS 125 m BESTC0MPUTER SHOWS 128 m 20 C0NTRIBUTI0NST0 SOCIETY 131 m 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE 133 ED 20 SPECTACULAR FAILURES 145 ED NOTED & NOTORIOUS HACKER FEATS 151 m FAMOUS VAPORWARE PRODUCTS 165 EH TOP GARAGE START-UPS 165 SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 53 From soldering irons to SparcStations, from MITS to Macintosh, personal computers have evolved from do-it-yourself kits for electronics hobbyists into machines that practically leap out of the box and set themselves up. What enabled them to get from there to here? Innovation and determination. Here are the top 20 systems that made that rapid evolution possible. ■ MITS Altair 8800 There once was a time that you could buy a top-of-the-line computer for $395. The only catch was thatyouhad to build it yourself. Although the Altair 8800 wasn't actually the first personal computer (Scelbi ComputerConsulting's 8008-based Scelbi- 8H kit probably took that honor in 1973), it grabbed attention. MITS sold 2000 of them in 1975 — more than any single computer before it. Based on Intel's 8-bit 8080 processor, the Altair 8800 kit included 256 bytes of mem- ory (upgradable, of course) and a toggle- switch-and-LED front panel. For amenities such as keyboards, video terminals, and storage devices, you had to go to one of the companies that sprang up to support the Altair with expansion cards. In 1 975, MITS offered 4- and 8-KB Altair versions of BASIC, the first product developed by Bill Gates'andPaul Allen'snew company, Microsoft. If the personal computer hobbyist move- ment was simmering, 1 975 saw it come to a boil with the introduction of the Altair 8800. ■ Apple II Thoseof you who think of the IBM PC as the quintessential business computer may be in for a surprise: The Apple II (together "ANYBODY WHO COULO WRITE A G000 APPLICATION ON THE 128K MAC DESERVES A MEDAL"-BILL GATES THE STORY GOES THAT THE CHAIRMAN OF IBM LOOKEOATTHE ORIGINAL PC AND SAIO THAT IT WOULD NEVER FLY-THAT MAINFRAMES WOULD DOMINATE FOREVER. TELL ME AGAIN WHY PEOPLE WERE BUYING STOCK IN THIS COMPANY. with VisiCalc) was what really made people look at personal computers as business tools, not just toys. The Apple II debuted at the first West Coast Computer Faire in San Francisco in 1977. With built-in keyboard, graphics dis- play, eightreadily accessible expansion slots, and BASIC built into ROM, the Apple II was actually easy to use. Some of its in- novations, like built-in high-resolution col- or graphics and a high-level language with graphics commands, are still extraordinary features in desktop machines. Witha 6502 CPU, 16 KB of RAM, a 16- KB ROM, a cassette interface that never re- ally worked well (most Apple lis ended up with the floppy drive that was announced in 1978), and color graphics, the Apple II sold for$1298. ■ Commodore PET Also introduced at the first West Coast Computer Faire, Commodore's PET (Personal Electronic Transactor) started a long line of inexpensive personal comput- ers that brought computers to the masses. (The VIC-20 that followed was the first computer to sell 1 million units, and the Commodore 64 after that was the first to of- fer a whopping 64 KB of memory.) The keyboard and small monochrome display both fit in the same one-piece unit. Like the Apple II, thePETran on MOS Technology's 6502. Its $795 price, key to thePET'spopularity,suppliedonly 4 KB of RAM but included a built-in cassette tape drive for data storage and an 8-KB version of Microsoft BASIC in its 14-KB ROM. ■ Radio Shack TRS-80 Remember the Trash 80? Sold at local Radio Shack stores in your choice of color 54 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 (Mercedes Silver), the TRS-80 was the first ready-to-go computer to use Zilog's Z80 processor. The base unit was essentially a thick key- board with 4 KB of RAM and 4 KB of ROM (which included BASIC). An optional ex- pansion box that connected by ribboncable allowed for memory expansion. A Pink Pearl eraser was standard equipment to keep those ribbon cable connections clean. Much of the first software for this system was distributed on audiocassettes played in from Radio Shackcassette recorders. ■ Osborne 1 Portable By the end of the 1970s, garage start-ups were passe. Fortunately there were other entrepreneurial possibilities. Take Adam Osborne, forexample. He sold Osborne Books to McGraw-Hill and started Osborne Computer. Its first product, the 24-pound Osborne 1 Portable, boasted a low price of $1795. More important, Osborne established the practice of bundling software — in spades. The Osborne 1 came with nearly $ 1 500 worth of programs: WordStar, SuperCalc, BASIC, and a slew of CP/M utilities. Business was looking good until Osborne preannounced its next version while sitting on a warehouse full of Osborne 1 s. Oops. Reorganization under Chapter 11 followed soon thereafter. ■ Xerox Star This is the system that launched a thousand innovations in 1981. The work of some of the best people at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) went into it. Several of these — the mouse and a desktop GUI with icons — showed up two years laterin Apple's Lisa and Macintosh computers. The Star wasn't what you'd call a commercial success, however. The main problem seemed to be how much it cost. It would be nice to believe that someone shift- ed a decimal point somewhere: The pricing started at $50,000. ■ IBM PC Irony of ironies that someone at mainframe- centric IBM recognized the business poten- tial in personal computers. The result was the 1981 landmark announcement of the IBM PC. Thanks to an open architecture, IBM's clout, and Lotus 1-2-3 (announced one year later), the PC and its progeny made business micros legitimate and trans- formed the personal computer world. The PC used Intel's 16-bit 8088, and for $3000, it came with 64 KB of RAM and a 5!4-inch floppy drive. The printer adapter and monochrome monitor were extras, as was the color graphics adapter. ■ Compaq Portable Compaq's Portable almost single-handedly created the PC clone market. Although that was about all you could do with it single- handedly — it weighed a ton. Columbia Data Products just preceded Compaq that year with the first true IBM PC clone but didn't survive. It was Compaq's quickly gained reputation for engineering and quality, and its essentially 100 percent IBM compatibil- ity (reverse-engineered, of course), that le- gitimized the clone market. But was it real- ly designed on a napkin? ■ Radio Shack TRS-80 Model 100 Years before PC-compatible subnotebook computers, Radio Shack came out with a book-size portable with a combination of features, battery life, weight, and price that 1) SHUGART 5J4-INCH FLOPPY DRIVE Before PC hard drives were available, the floppy drive was the "mass" storage medium of choice. It killed papertapes and audiocassettes. 2) EPSON MX-80 Fastandinexpensive, and itcould also do graphics (with a later upgrade). What good is a spreadsheet chart if you can't print it out? The competing daisy wheel's advantage was typewriter text clarity. 3) SEAGATE 5/4-INCH 5-MB WINCHESTER HARD DRIVE Nowthis wasmassstorage that could fit in a PC — once thepricecamedown. Alan Shugart was involved here, too. 4) HAYES SMARTMOOEM 300 The modem that launched the industry- standardAT command set. 5) HEWLETT-PACKARD LASERJET Graphics, speed, and sharp text for less than$2000, thanks to Canon's 300-dpi laser engine. Using the same engine, Apple came out with its LaserWriter shortly thereafter. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 55 iiW ■1 ■» ' ' ■ £ ^oii eani recon jL ■ ■■ h i ' '"i... ' l m i. ■ jrijj i. tfcii ii i ■ ■ i ii pi i miniiM— y»**<"»^ it i nftn i rrn » wM iiii fc , | ii i !■ y i C ' l w^W»iMh^pJfc>Wp)^WP T * r iUSi »-i ■»iii>i fe.Mii ■! i ^ ■» . iw»Mp*w>^C,M,gMBhrTpMMMa>yL Or a Globalyst PC&C? With an AT&T Globalyst there are np walls. *^2Vi %u can work with the data you need. ; The people you need. The flexibility you need. (That's what PC&C- Personal Computing and Communications -is all about.) AT&T Globalyst features at no extra cost: □ MessageFlasHVMailFlash": send key messages, e-mails to alphanumeric pagers. □ ARETVistium™ Share Software: allows real-time collaboration with others on live Windows™ files-even if you're miles apart. □ AT&T Notelt!™: special screen saver lets colleagues leave a voice or typed message on your Globalyst. □ Call 1 800 447-1124, ext. 1117 for more info, or e-mail us on pentium the Internet: pcc.info@daytonoh.attgis.com Intel Pentium or 486 • Processor speeds from 50MHz-133MHz 4 PCMCIA Slots • 4MB-192MB Memory • ' 540MB-2GB Hard Disk Bringing computing and communications together to help you get, move and use information. AT&T Global Information Solutions Circle 271 on Inquiry Card. is still unbeatable. (Of course, the Z80-based Model 1 00 didn't have to run Windows.) The $800 Model 100 had only an 8-row by 40-column reflective LCD (large at the time) but supplied ROM-based applications (including text editor, communications pro- gram, and BASIC interpreter), a built-in modem, I/O ports, nonvolatileRAM, and a great keyboard. Weighing under 4 pounds, and with a battery life measured in weeks (on f our AA batteries), the Model 1 00 quick- ly became the first popular laptop, especial- ly among journalists. With its battery-backed RAM, the Model 100 was always in standby mode, ready to take notes, write a report, or go on-line. NEC's PC 8201 was essentially the same Kyocera-manufactured system. ■ Apple Macintosh Whether you saw it as a seductive invitation to personal computing or a cop-out to wimps who were afraid of a command line, Apple's Macintosh and its GUI generated even more excitement than the IBM PC. Apple's R&D people were inspired by criti- cal ideas from Xerox PARC (and practiced on Apple's Lisa) but added many of their own ideas to create a polished product that changed the way people use computers. The original Macintosh used Motorola's 16-bit68000 microprocessor. At $2495, the system offered a built-in high-resolution monochrome display, the Mac OS, and a single-button mouse. With only 128 KB of RAM, the Mac was underpowered at first. But Apple included some key applicationsthatmade the Macintosh immediately useful. (It was MacPaint that finally showed people what a mouse is good for.) ■ IBM AT George Orwell didn't foresee the AT in 1 984. Maybe it was because Big Blue, not Big Brother, was playing its cards close to its chest. The IBM AT set new standards for performance and storage capacity. Intel's blazingly fast 286 CPU runningat 6 MHz and a 16-bit bus structure gave the AT sev- eral times the performance of previous IBM systems. Hard drive capacity doubled from 10 MB to 20 MB (41 MB if you installed two drives — just don't ask how they did the math), and the cost per megabyte dropped dramatically. New 16-bit expansion slots meant new (and faster) expansion cards but maintained downward compatibility with old 8-bit cards. These hardware changes and new high-density 1 .2-MB floppy drives meant a new version of PC-DOS (the dreaded 3.0). The price for an AT with 5 1 2 KB of RAM, a serial/parallel adapter, a high-den- sity floppy drive, and a 20-MB hard drive was well over $5000 — but much less than what the pundits expected. ■ Commodore Amiga lOOO The Amiga introduced the world to multi- media. Although itcostonly $1200, the 68000-based Amiga 1 000 did graphics, sound, and video well enough that many broadcast professionals adopted it for spe- cial effects. Its sophisticated multimedia hardware design was complex for a person- al computer, as was its multitasking, windowing OS. ■ Compaq Deskpro 386 While IBM was busy developing (would "wasting time on" be a better phrase?)pro- prietary Micro Channel PS/2 systems, clone vendors ALR and Compaq wrested away control of the x86 architecture and HELLO? TECHNICAL SUPPORT? I THINK 1 MISPLACED THE MONITOR FOR MY OSBORNE PORTABLE. IT DOES HAVE A MONITOR, DOESN'T IT? OH, THAT'S THE MONITOR. THE APPLE II GAVE A G000 NAME TO CLUTTERED GARAGES ALL ACROSS THE COUNTRY. AFTER ALL YOU COULD ALWAYS SAY THAT UNDER THAT MESS LAY THE COMPONENTS FOR THE NEXT GREAT COMPUTER. COME ON BABY. LIGHT MY FIRE. IT WASN'T TOO HARD TO DO WITH SUN'S SPARCSTATION I BACK IN 1989. IT WAS FAST. IT WAS CHEAP. THE ENGINEERS WHO LOVEO THEM LOOKED NO FURTHER FOR A VERY LONG TIME. 58 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 No Matter Where Your ■■ , ■ ■ . -■ """'■<•■■ , ... - ■ ' \ . . i ; fl Application Takes You T A «• Steppe'-* I c /,u*<. -Utuny*rl*n B»n'a ^;^\-"/::"" i Eh » ? 1 E 1 °~ // r PENINSULA Quatech PC Cards Are There, Quatech, Inc. manufactures a complete line of quality data acquisition and communication PC Cards made in the U.S.A. Each card is PC Card Specification 2. 1 compliant and includes enabler and client driver software. Data Acquisition PC Cards ■ 24 digital input/output card ■ 12 and 1 6-bit analog input cards with 1 6 channels of programmable scanning and gain selections ■ Eight channel analog output card available in unipolar and bipolar versions ■ DAQDrive included, optional VisualDAQ Communication PC Cards ■ Single and dual channel RS-232 ■ Single and dual channel RS-422/485 ■ One channel RS-232 and one channel RS-422/485 ■ Multi-protocol adapter supports HDLC and SDLC ■ Parallel port/enhanced parallel port card ■ DOS, Windows, and SCO UNIX compatible Q QUATECH Call 800-553-1170 today for complete information and a FREE 1995 Product Handbook. Quatech, Inc. 662 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, OH 44311. International Distributors: Australia/lnterworld Electronics & Computer 61 -3-9563501 1, Austria/Megadata 43-1-523 42 12, Belgium/Acal NV/SA 32-27-205983, Brazil (Sao Paulo)/lntercomp 55-11-8532733, Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)/Medusa Sistemas e Automacao 55-21- 2554745, Canada(Western)/lnterworld Electronics 800-663-6001 (Toronto office 800-465-0164), China/Quatech China 86-1-205-9030, Denmark/Jes Rasmussen ApS. 45-4281-6838, Finland/Lab Hi-Tech OY 358-0-682-1255, France/Elexo 33-1-69537020, Germany/Jupiter Electronic Systems GMBH 49-61-8175041, Hong Kong/ Brio Technology Ltd. 852-581-1111, India/Comsquare Network Pvt. Ltd. 91-11-224-5159, Israel/Milivision Ltd. Div. 972-9-500623, ltaly(Non-PCMCIA)/N.C.S. Computer Italia 39-331-770016, ltaly(PCMCIA Only)/Kernel Consulting S.r.l. 39-6-77207000, Japan/Nictrix Corp. (New Jersey) 201-947-2220, Korea/Sam Boo Systems 82-2- 5384001, Netherlands/ACAL Auriema 31-40-502602, New Zealand/Advanced Portable Technologies 64-4-3852838, Pakistan/Rastek (PVT) Limited 92-21-4551881, Saudi Arabia/Integrated Computer Operations 966-3-895-1827, Singapore/Bliss Services Pte Ltd. 65-338-1300, South Africa/Eagle Technology 27-21-234943, Spain/Santa Barbara SA 34-3-418-81-16, Sweden/Systec 46-13-310140, Swltzerland/Technosoftware 41-64-519040, Turkey/Logic Group 90-212-2747197 Circle 241 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 242). WO20 introduced the first 386-based systems, the Access 386 and the Deskpro 386. Both sys- tems maintained backward compatibility withthe286-basedAT. Compaq's Deskpro 386 had a further per- formance innovation in its Flex bus archi- tecture. Compaq split the x86 external bus into two separate buses: a high-speed local bus to support memory chips fast enough for the 16-MHz 386, and a slower I/O bus that supported existing expansion cards. ■ Apple Macintosh II When you first looked at the Macintosh II, you may have said, "But it looks just like a PC." You'd have been right. Apple decided it was wiser to give users a case they could open so they could upgrade it themselves. The monitor in this 68020-powered machine was a separate unit that typically sat on top of the CPU case. ■ Next Nextstation Unix had never been this easy to use, and only now, 10 years later, are we getting back to that level. Unfortunately, Steve Jobs' cube never developed the software base it needed for long-term survival. Nonetheless, it served as an inspiration for future workstations. Priced at less than $ 1 0,000, the elegant Nextstation came with a 25-MHz 68030 CPU, a 68882 FPU, 8 MB of RAM, and the first commercial magneto-optical drive (256-MB capacity). It also had a built-in DSP (digital signal processor). The program- ming language was object-oriented C, and the OS was a version of Unix, sugarcoated with a consistent GUI that rivaled Apple's. ■ NEC UltraLite NEC's UltraLite is the portable that put subnotebook into the lexicon. Like Radio Shack's TRS-80 Model 100, the UltraLite was a 4-pounder ahead of its time. Unlike the Model 100, it was expensive (starting price, $2999), but it could run MS-DOS. (The burden of running Windows wasn't yet thrust upon its shoulders.) Fans liked the 4.4-pound UltraLite for its trim size and portability, but it really need- ed one of today's tiny hard drives. It used battery-backed DRAM (1 MB, expandable to 2 MB) for storage, with ROM-based Traveling Software's LapLink to move stored data to a desktop PC. Foreshadowing PCMCIA, the UltraLite had a socket that accepted credit-card-size ROM cards holding popular applications like WordPerfect or Lotus 1-2-3, or a battery-backed 256-KB RAM card. ■ Sun SparcStation 1 It wasn't the first RISC workstation, nor even the first Sun system to use Sun's new SPARC chip. But the SparcStation I seta new standard for price/performance, churn- ing out 12.5 MIPS at a starting price of only $8995 — about what you might spend for a fully configured Macintosh. Sun sold lots of systems and made the words Sparc- Station and workstation synonymous in many people's minds. The SparcStation I also introduced S- Bus, Sun's proprietary 32-bit synchronous bus, which ran at the same 20-MHz speed as the CPU. ■ IBM RS/6000 Sometimes, when IBM decides to do some- thing, it does it right. (Other times... Well, remember the PCjr.?) The RS/6000 allowed IBM to enter the workstation mar- ket. The RS/6000's RISC processor chip set (RIOS) racked up speed records and intro- duced many to the term superscalar. But its price was more than competitive. IBM pushed third-party software support, and as a result, many desktop publishing, CAD, and scientific applications ported to the RS/6000, running under AIX, IBM's Unix. A shrunken version of the multichip RS/6000 architecture serves as the basis for the single-chip PowerPC, the non-x86- compatible processor with the best chance of competing with Intel. COMPAQ GAVE NEW MEANING TO THE WORD PORTABLE WITH THIS 20 POUNO BEHEMOTH. ELEVEN YEARS LATER: STILL LIVING WITH THE AT ARCHITECTURE. PET PEEVE? SOMEONE TOOK A DESKTOP CALCU- LATOR AND FEO IT STEROIDS FOR A YEAR TO SEE WHAT HAPPENS. ■ Apple Power Macintosh Not many companies have made the transi- tion from CISC to RISC this well. The Power Macintosh represents Apple's well- planned and successful leap to bridgetwo disparate hardware platforms. Older Macs run Motorola's 680x0 CISC line, which is running out of steam; the Power Macs run the PowerPC RISC chip. The new Macs run existing 680x0-based applications yet pro- vide PowerPC performance, a combination that sold over a million systems in a year. ■ IBM ThinkPad 701C It's not often anymore that anew computer inspires gee-whiz sentiment, but IBM's Butterfly subnotebook does, with its marvelous expanding keyboard. The 701 C's two-part keyboard solves the last major piece in the puzzle of building a usable subnotebook: how to provide com- fortable touch-typing. (OK, so the floppy drive is still external.) With a full-size keyboard and a 10.4-inch screen, the 4.5-pound 701 C compares favorably with full-size notebooks. Battery life is good, too. 60 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Just because we make HP plotters so reliable doesn't mean we can't surprise you once in a while. M Now starting at am m ■nac h ■ €*.-• HP DesignJet plotters are well known for their crisp, clean print quality. Are noted for their impres- sive speed. And, of course, are consistently applauded for their reliability, backed by a next-day, on-site service warranty. Now, with two new models, we bring you affordabiiity. The HP DesignJet 230 offers D-size monochrome plot- ting for only $2,395. And for $2,995, the HP DesignJet 250C finally puts color plotting within reach.* For an output sample or the name of your local HP demo dealer, visit us on the World Wide Web at http://www.hp. com/info/9553. Or, call 1-800-85H170, Ext. 9553: Ai"" Whp\ HEWLETT mL'/LM PACKARD 2 1995 Nintendo of America Inc. ™ and ® are trademarks of Ni. *9 *jfflt IffM «j| (oGdtloo 5\.lft«4 M° 4i**«l»5j0h $004 Vtf jftftjf tWf i*Mi*< |l[i1 ''■■■i , ''. > i (iI i- i-.-i> i'.' : t".'-.'':"' , " ,r ""'' 1 '■■■ . •>:■ %'Y, '■ "V--\ ■ ■ I.I.! Aw.l >■ .!.!■, lv.;.-,.- ...j. ",.' .»,-. '!..'■. , . „ ■-..■■.. ^ w ;ii r'ja* ,-."t | ITSLICES.ITDICES.ITRENDERS.ITMODELS.AUTDCAD SINGLE- HANDEDLY WRESTED DESIGN FROM MINICOMPUTERS. PJL3S1SS6 [Telephone _Jki f e ins EPciothing ;;Savinys iSav Acct iCar Insur JXnter £st I 1O0 iMoptgage " Telephone QUITE POSSIBLY THE PROGRAM RESPONSIBLE FOR THE 'BO'S WALLSTREETFRENZY: VISICALC ON THE APPLE II. APPLE'S MACINTOSH OS HAD THE FIRST REAL GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE AND AWESOMEEASE OF USE.TOOBAD WINDOWS DIDN'T COPY MORE OF IT. 64 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 / '-'->■ ;-\- ir ''^: ' ^*sM ■ The Norton Utilities Before Peter Norton rolled up his sleeves, bit twiddlers were on their own when it came to recovering lost clusters and man- aging other disk catastrophes. It's almost the end of the millennium, and most of us still reachfor Norton Utilities when some- thing goes wrong with a disk. ■ DOS 2.0 The version of DOS that truly solidified the Microsoft/IBM platform dominance was 2.0, which came out with IBM's new XT in 1983. DOS 2.0 had commands to support the XT's new 1 0-MB hard drive as well as such now-familiar external commands and files as ANSI.SYS and CONFIG.SYS. DOS 2.1 1 became the de facto basis of backward compatibility for any DOS program. In 1990, you might nothave known if an application ran on DOS 5.0, but you could be sure it worked on old 2.1 1. DOS limitations even survive in Windows 95 — in particular, the dreaded 640-KB memory limit. ■ Flight Simulator To work its magic, Microsoft's simulation of an airplane's cockpitemployed low-lev- el graphics routines. Itbecame a mainstay of software suites used to test compatibility with the IBM PC standard. It was also one of the best-selling games of all time. ■ Novell NetWare The year of the LAN happened sometime in the 1980s, and it was Novell's NetWare that made it so. NetWare is no lightweight desktop OS. NetWare was an OS that systems administrators could rely on. Versions of this OS are still in use in busi- nesses every where. ■ Unix System V The best effort so far at unifying the diverse flavors of Unix, System V took off after AT&T's divestiture in 1984, when Ma Bell was freed to market the OS more aggressively. Version 4.0, released in 1 989, brought together Xenix, SunOS, 4.3 BSD, and System V to form a single standard. Hardware vendors continued to go their own ways, however, requiring subsequent efforts by numerous groups (e.g., X/Oepen, OSF, and COSE) to con- tinue the fight for a shrink-wrappable Unix. Those efforts have mostly failed, but Unix's communications standards and network protocols are finding a wider user base as the Internet explodes in popularity. ■ Mac OS and System 7 The Macintosh wouldn't be the Macintosh without the Mac OS. And it was on the Macintosh that the concept of the desktop GUI really dug in. Later named System 7 in a major 1 990 upgrade, the Mac continues to best Windows in ease of use, plug-and- play compatibility, and color matching. Apple's Power Macs and the first Mac clones just might keep System 7 relevant into the next century. ■ Quicken This checkbook-balancing program may be better-suited to the needs of its users than any other program on this list save VisiCalc. Scott Cook's company grew from humble beginnings in the mid-1 980s to become Microsoft's multibillion dollar dance partner (until the Department of Justice cut in). Once you start balancing your checkbook in Quicken, you don't ever go back. 17 S5H Editor in chief Carl Helmers edi- torialized about "...Using a Per- sonal Computer for a Practical Purpose." President Carter signs bill intended to reduce un- employment and inflation to 4 per- cent and 3 per- cent, respectively. CP/M Uvrs CP/M provides the personal computer industry with its most enduring piece of folklore. When IBM began hunting around for an OS for its planned PC, it sent representatives to Gary Kildall's California office. Kildall was out flying his plane at the time and apparently thought communing with the big blue sky was more important than Big Blue. (Kildall later revealed that other talks with IBM had been inconclusive.) This was possibly the worst display of business acumen since New Hampshire's McDonald brothers sold most of their little hamburger-joint con- cept to a guy named Ray. IBM quickly worked out a deal with a young fellow named Bill Gates. Ironically, 86-DOS, the OS that Microsoft bought and turned into MS-DOS l.O, em- ployed such CP/M commands as REN, Dir, and Type, which are still in use today. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE ViewSonic 17 PS fei °=» -p Introducing the ViewSonic 17PS. The first 17" monitor with an Zlftra fine 0.25mm dot pitch. The ultimate in sharpness . . . precisely what you need! Our new Ultra Fine monitor truly defines sharpness. With its ultra crisp, ultra brilliant image this powerful monitor is the intelligent choice for your business and graphics applications. Ultra Fine images are nothing new from ViewSonic. The ViewSonic 2 IPS was the first 21" monitor (197" diagonal viewable area) available with a 0.25mm dot pitch, and now it's offered on our top performing 17" monitor (157" diagonal viewable area). The ViewSonic 17PS retains all the superior features that make ViewSonic monitors award winning market leaders. Our On View™ on-screen control system, Super Contrast screen and exclusive ARAG® anti-reflection, anti-glare screen coating combine to produce the sharpest images possible. PC and Mac compatible, our new 17" monitor supports a maximum resolution of 1,600 x 1,280 and a 77Hz refresh rate at 1,280 x 1,024. The remarkably quick refresh rates and high resolutions offer you crystal clear, flicker-free images. In addition, the ViewSonic 17PS includes ^PiugSc fPtay+* for automatic graphic card configuration with Microsoft's Windows95™, plus TCO certification, the strictest Swedish safety standard. Designed for your critical desktop publishing, business graphics and CAD/CAM applications, the ViewSonic 17PS is an example of our ongoing commitment to offer you the best monitor at the best price. Experience the new world class standard in 17" monitors - the ViewSonic 17PS. You'll See the Difference! ViewSonic® See The Difference!™ MB Tel: (800) 888-8583 Ext. 353 or (909) 869-7976 Fax (909) 869-7958 Call FaxSonic (909) 869-7318 (24-hour fax-on-demand) Request Doc. 153 (17PS), 162 (21PS) Applelink: VIEWSONIC CompuServe: 73374,514 'Ki-qtiins aDDCcompatiblecard All pnxlucls and trademark. 1 ! are liriuid n;unes of llieirrespectivecompanies. The three bird logo is a registered inuleniarkof ViewSonic Corporation. Spccificationsand prices subject tochangewilhoul notice. Circle 252 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 253). OS BVTE MOST IMPORTANT Tonprow's "fop Five. Software C atfi gnriRS Which programs will be the VisiCalcs and WordStars of the next five years? We've seen the future... 1) COLLABORATION SOFTWARE Lotus Notes is proving the value of shared text bases, and E-mail-based al- ternatives like Collabra Share and Open Mind are also bringing the benefits of group conferencing to new users. As smart agents, natural-language process- ing, and perhaps expert systems are brought to bear on electronic collabora- tion, PC-based interaction may begin to rival TV in its impact on society. 2) TEXT SEARCH AND RETRIEVAL Finding the kernels of information em- bedded in the chaos of data is a problem that's only going to get bigger, as knowledge bases on CD-ROM and net- works continue to grow. The basic pat- tern matching and Boolean slicing now in place will continue to do most of the work. But look for AI techniques and software agents to find needles in elec- tronic haystacks as well as to present and store the results in a more personal- ized — and personable — form. 3) OBJECT OPERATING SYSTEMS So far, the revolution in OOP (object- oriented programming) has been mostly foughtin languages and developer tools. The next step is to build an entire OS from objects. There already is such a system, NextStep, Steve Jobs' critical- ly acclaimed box-office flop. Taligent plans to release its entrant sometime in 1996. Even NextStep, long lauded for its elegance but used by only a small fraction of developers, might impact the Windows/PC world when a Windows version comes out next year. Object-based operating environments will facilitate other important technolo- gies, such as modular applications, agents, and distributed computing. 4) MULTIMEDIA DATABASES No, we're not talking about the desktop file managers that help you pull to- gether 5-second videos for a presenta- tion. This new category is about the huge databases from Oracle, Sybase, and others that will power the coming convergence of computers and the en- tertainment business. Multimedia data- bases will be needed to manage the huge libraries of films delivered to homes via cable, as well as to process viewer input as consumers order from on-line catalogs or vote on the endings of soap operas. 5) AGENTS AND AVATARS The promise of software agents is that they will begin to handle people prob- lems, not just under-the-hood technical chores. General Magic's Magic Cap PDA (personal digital assistant) language is a good example, while the E-mail sorters and sifters that were first introduced years ago are becoming de rigueur in E-mail and other collabora- tion software. When all the world becomes a database, we'll need agents to keep from drowning. 1FTHIS ISTHE FUTURE OF GAMES. WE'RE DOOMED. EXCEL, BUILT ON MISTAKES OF OTHERS (SEE BELOW). BYTE Pie Corpora WORD 6.0: ACCQRDINGTQ SOME. THE BEST APPLICA- TION EVER WRITTEN. LOTUS HAD IT BUT LOST IT. A GttttOWNNMS SPREAD- SHEET. BUTT00 LATE. ■ SideKick 1.0 Besides being the first PIM (personal information manager), its pop-up notepad, calendar, and calculator made Borland International's SideKick the model for TSRs — an application type that was relatively rare in 1984. Pop-up mini-apps became commonplace in the DOS era, but Windows' task switching killed the TSR market in the 1990s. ■ Excel for the Macintosh VisiCalc and Lotus 1 -2-3 started the spreadsheet revolution, but they were char- acter-based. Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh made the benefits of graphical spreadsheets obvious. Microsoft ported Excel to Windows, but Lotus was slow to convert 1 -2-3 to Windows. There's a lesson here: Today, Excel for Windows is the best- selling spreadsheet. ■ PageMaker This is the program that launched a million newsletters. PageMaker's paste- up metaphor also made sense to people who had worked in traditional design and production departments. QuarkXPress might now have a larger share in higher-end publishing, but with Adobe's money and name behind Aldus, PageMaker promises to remain acom- 68 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 "Give me a way to see problems before they become problems." IBM Solution # 12765-N a.k.a. "NetFinity Systems Manager' Unless you possess a supernatural ability to predict the future, you may want to consider a tool that can perform that very trick. An IBM PC Server with NetFinity'" software. Its various threshold and alert functions provide constant bulletins on the » Predictive Failure Analysis'" with Alert Manager » NetFinity pre- installed on PC Server 320, 500 and 720 » Part of SystemView" family * Remote Systems Manager System Information Tool • Complies with DMI System Monitor Service • Security Manager Scheduled maintenance • Fax ID i '2509 FOR DETAILS ON PC SERVERS, CALL 1 800 772-2227 status of your networked systems, reporting imminent hard disk failures, memory errors and other mayhem. Reducing downtime and payments to your friendly neighborhood psychic. NetFinity. One more reason why there is a difference." = — — IBM and SystemView are registered trademarks and NetFinity, Predictive Failure Analysis and "There is a difference" are trademarks ol International Business Machines Corporation. ©1995 IBM Corporation. EVTE MOST IMPORTANT petitive desktop publishing system for a long time to come. ■ LANtastic For people who thought Novell NetWare was for corporate MIS gurus, Artisoft's affordable network-card-and-software package was an easy and popular way to link PCs and share resources. With the addition of NetWare server functions in Artisoft's new LANtastic Dedicated Server, LANtastic keeps a foothold in the future. ■ Adobe Type Desktop publishing was still a bit of a toy when Adobe made Type 1 PostScript fonts available on the Macintosh. Thanks to these fonts and the enhanced line spacing and printing control that PostScript provides, the Mac became a tool on which to run a publishing business. ■ Windows 3.x Though it was first introduced in 1 985, Microsoft Windows spentthe rest of the '80s as somewhat of a joke. It was slow, ugly, and underpowered. Then Microsoft rolled out Windows 3.0, a complete rewrite, at a tightly orchestrated, bicoastal multi- media hypef est in the spring of 1 990. Gone was the 640-KB DOS memory limit (sort of); in came a flood of applications, a type of multitasking, and the desktop environment most users live in today. Version 3.1, released i n 1 992, added speed and stability, not to mention OLE, True Type fonts, and drag-and-drop commands. ■ Lotus Notes 3.0 Notes is the most innovative and powerful of the numerous contenders in the leading- edge groupware category. Not just E-mail, Notes is brilliant at capturing corporate group-think, thanks to its unique, replicated message system. Notes has become the standard applications development environment in every company that's ever uttered the word reengineering. The 10 Most Important Programs nf Today The best expressions of software evolution are available in shrink-wrap at your local Egghead. 1) EXCEL 5.0 FOR WINOOWS In 1 990, Excel was more of a Mac than a Windows spreadsheet. But then Lotus de- layed bringing 1-2-3 to Windows. By 1 993, most users had switched to Windows, and Excel hadcome to be re- garded as the best Windows spreadsheet. 2) MAC SYSTEM 1 Still the best GUI with a wide following, System 7.5 is partially RISC-based — and thus in position to exploit the Power Mac — while still able to run old binaries. 3) MICROSOFT ACCESS 2.0 Though buggy and press-battered in its debut version, Access quickly established itself with a majorupgradeasoneof the easiest-to-use Windows databases. While Borland has struggled tokeep Paradox and once-mighty dBase relevant, Access has easily outsold both. 4) NOVELL NETWARE 4.1 Looking like it might go the way of dBase and 1 -2-3 thanks to a disappointing upgrade (4.0), NetWare is back on track with 4.1 . Still, the masses are restless, and pretenders like Windows NT are ma- neuvering into position. 5) LOTUS NOTES Notes has become an industry. No, it's a way of life. Still way out ahead technical- ly, Notes has maybe a year or two to so- lidify its position against an onslaught of workgroup programs like Collabra Share. 6) WINDOWS NT Clearly, this is the future of Windows. If Windows 95 falters at the start, Microsoft has a completely redesigned, true 32-bit OS waiting in the wings. NT will even have the new Windows 95 look and feel. 7) WINDOWS 3.11 As we write this, Windows 95 still isn't out, so Windows 3.11 is the version that sits on most of the 50-million-plus Windows desktops. People love it; people hate it. But they use it. 8) WORD 6.0 FOR WINDOWS It's big, slow, and overloaded with features. Still, Word 6.0 somehow man- ages to be the right toolforthe simplest to the mostcomplex text jobs. Some people regard it as the best application written. 9) WORDPERFECT WordPerfect still sells lots of copies of the DOS version, and as the cornerstone for PerfectOffice, the suite from Novell, WordPerfect has a new lease on life. It continues to be the daily work environ- ment of millions. 10) DOOM Itsmotion-sickness-inducing virtual real- ity and large, cult-like following make this gory game from id Software the inspirational example for programmers of action software. PLUS: MICROSOFT OFFICE Not a real program but rather a collection of Microsoft's market-dominating appli- cations, Microsoft Office has transcended the dreaded "suite" designation to be- come the frameworkf or which today's developers are writing new apps. 70 BYTK SEPTEMBER 1995 "When my server overheats, well, I've been known to show my temper." IBM Solution #92683-0 a.k.a. "Unique Cooling Design" Most networks have enough kinks and bugs to make any hardworking IS manager hotunder the collar. So we thought we'd give you one lessthingto get steamed about. Our PC Server 320. Inside and out, it's been engineered to maximize cooling efficiency. From the • NetFinity"" software • 90MHz Pentium 1 " processor • Dual-processor enabled • Up I o 256MB 1 parity memory • SCSI-2 fast and wide •6 PCI ZEIS A slots • 27GB storage ■ Built-in CD-ROM drive • 256KB of L2 cache • Fax ID# 3170 FOR DETAILS ON PC SERVERS, CALL 1 800 772-2227' key placement of its components to its double fans and flo-thru louvers. All aimed at optimizing airflow and heat dispersement. Reducing temperatures in your system and your bloodstream. PC Server 320. One more reason there is a difference" ^*~" — = NetFinity is a member of the SyslemView* family. 2 MB=million bytes. IBM and SyslemView are registered Irademarks and NetFinity and "There is a difference" are trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corp. "In Canada, call 1 800 465-7999. ©1995 IBM Corporation, YOU'LL GET 1WL-4V7TT MOST PCs. THE QUESTION IS, HOW MUCH? M nFi i niMFN^mN — fai i ■ Reliable PCs For High 1 Performance Computing jS -- - -- - -,- ■■- I L. I M^M^^^& At Dell, we guarantee* if there's a problem with your Dell Dimension PC, a certified technician will be at your desk the next business day, servicing your PC A We're the only PC company that guarantees this level of service for a full year. You can extend this service on any Dell Dimension system for an extra two years for only $199. Looks like our dedication to service is paying off. Dell recently took top honors in the PC World Reliability and Service report. So if Dell is the only PC maker that guarantees next-business-day deskside service, there's only one thing left for you to do. JUNE 1995 Step right up. D0LL TO ORDER, CALL 800-247-5513 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri7am-9pmCT • Sat10am-6pmCT Sun 12pm-5pmCT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01040 DELL DIMENSION" XPSP133c 133MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Pipeline Burst Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT,, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 2MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • Sound Blaster 16 Sound Card • Altec Lansing ACS-5 Speakers • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS* 6.2/Microsoft® Windows* 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Adda 3COM ELink III Combo Network Interface Card for only $109 more. $2499 Business Lease : $92/Mo. Order Code #500127 DELL DIMENSION P75 75MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB RAM (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache •540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LSMonitor(15"CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • MS® Office 4.3, MS Bookshelf, Visio Express for MS Office • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6 2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support $1699 Business Lease: $63/Mo. Order Code #500128 DELL DIMENSION XPS PIOOc 100MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT,, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Upgrade to 16MB EDO Memory for only $290 more. $1799 Business Lease: $67/Mo. 0rderCode#500123 DELL DIMENSION P75 75MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB RAM (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 14LS Monitor (14" CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support *Adda 28.8 US Robotics Fax/Modem for only $149 more. $1399 Business Lease: $52/Mo. Order Code #500115 'Guarantees available i n the U.S. only for registered owners o f Dell Dimension systems purchased af ter8/1/93. For a complete copy o f our Guarantees o r Limited Warranties, please write Dell USA L.P., 2214 W. Braker Lane, Building 3. Austin. TX 78758. AOn-site service provided by BancTec Service Corp. On-site service may not be available in certain remote locations. OBusiness leasing arranged by Leasing Group, Inc. *Prices and specifications valid in the U.S. only and subject to change without notice. The Intel Inside logo and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. MS-DOS, MS, Windows and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ©1995 Dell Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. Dell's featured digital artist is Sanjay Kothari of New York, NY, pentium' All the chips on this list, obscure as some are, had a significant influence on the evolution of personal computing. So what does it take to make a computer today? Mostly, it seems, acronyms: a CPU, some RAM, a handful of EPROMs, a DSP, and a PCI bus. ■ Intel 1103 In 1970, Intel created the 1 103— the first generally available DRAM chip. By 1972, it was the best-selling semiconductor memory chip in the world. Today, you would need more than 65,000 of them to put 8 MB of memory into a PC. ■ Intel 1702 In another brilliant stroke of naming, Intel created this, the first EPROM, in 1 97 1 . When you say "firmware," smile and think of the 1702. ■ Intel 4004 In 1971, Busicom, a Japanese company, wanted a chip for a new calculator. With incredible overkill, Intel built the world's first general-purpose microprocessor. Then it bought back the rights for $60,000. The 4-bit 4004 ran at 108 kHz and con- tained 2300 transistors. Its speed is estimated at 0.06 MIPS. By comparison, Intel's latest microprocessor, the P6, runs at 133 MHz, contains 5.5 million transis- tors, and executes 300 MIPS. ■ Intel 8080 If you drive, your life probably depends on this chip. Introduced in April 1 974, the 8080 was first widely used as a traffic-light controller. It found its way a year later into the world's firstpersonalcomputer: the MITSAltair. THE INTEL 4004. IT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE THE BRAINS OF A CALCULATOR. INSTEAD, IT TURNED INTO A GENERAL- PURPOSE MICROPROCESSOR AS POWERFUL AS ENIAC. THIS IS INTEL'S PB: ALL 5.5 MILLION TRANSISTORS, 133 MHz, AND 300 MIPS OF IT. IT'S ROUGHLY 5000 TIMES AS FAST AS THE 4004. YOU* VE COME A LONG WAY, x86. ■ MOS Technology 6502 What do a Nintendo set and a BMW have in common? The 6502. At $25 (compared with $375 for a comparable Motorola part), the 6502 was such a steal that a talented but cash-poor whiz kid from Silicon Valley, Steve Wozniak, chose it for his new personal computer, the Apple I. ■ Zilog Z80 Remember Tandy's TRS-80 Model I? Remember CP/M? They were both built on theZ80. ■ Intel 8086 and 8088 Enter the King. In June 1978, the 8086 debuted. Today it stands for the world's most popular microprocessorstandard: the x86 architecture. A yearlater, Intel intro- duced a slight variation, the 8088, that could use 8-bit components, enabling the manufacture of inexpensive systems. For that reason, IBM chose the 8088 over the 8086 for the original IBM PC, even though the 8088 was slower. ■ Intel 386DX The 386 heralded the beginning of a new age — the age of multitasking. Introduced in October 1985, the 386 was the first "modern" x86 processor that was capable of running today's multitasking OSes, GUIs, and 32-bit software. The 386 introduced an enhanced microarchitecture while maintaining full backward compatibility with earlier x86 processors. This was accomplished with two memory-addressing modes: real mode, which mirrored the way memory is addressed by theolderx86s,andanew protected mode that took full advantage of the 386's 32-bit enhancements. 74 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 published a simple program (220 bytes) to play Life on an 8080 system. Returned exile and scholar Ayatollah Khomeini declares Iran an Islamic republic. ■ Intel Pentium The Pentium swept through the PC industry faster than any of Intel's previous chips. Although Intel's 486DX (April 1989) integrated an FPU and was much faster than the 386, it was the Pentium that introduced the next leap for- ward in the x86 microarchitecture: superscalar pipelines. Skeptics said a CISC architecture couldn't do it. The Pentium proved otherwise. ■ AMD 386DX Let the price wars begin. When Intel's original 16-MHz 386 was introduced in 1985, it cost $299; more than five years later, it was still commanding the relatively high price of $171, and the 33-MHz version fetched $214. AMD's 386DX/40 appeared in March 1991 at$281,but within ayearitspriceplunged 50 percent to $140. Street prices of PCs, which follow chip prices, fell by as much as $1000. The marketfor Windows-capable PCs expanded by 33 percent. ■ Motorola 68000 More than any other, this is the micro- processor that helped establish the GUI. In 1983, four years after its introduction, it appeared in Apple's Lisa, a unique com- puter but a commercialf lop that neverthe- less paved the way forthe Macintosh in 1984. ■ Mips R2000 The R2000, introduced in 1 986, was a 32-bit CPU with 1 10,000 transistors. It powered thefirstgeneration of RISC workstations and servers. The original version, clocked at 8 MHz, executed about 5 MIPS and had a separate FPU. THE CHIP THAT LAUNCHED 68000 MACINTOSHES. IT DIDN'T DIVIDE, BUT IT CONQUERED ANYWAY. ■ Sun Microsystems SPARC In July 1987, Sun announced an open RISC architecture. The idea was to encourage multiple sourcing and lively competition that would spur performance and spread the SPARC standard far and wide. Eight years later, SPARC workstations and servers dominate their markets. ■ IBM/Motorola PowerPC 601 Although few doubted the power of the PowerPC architecture, many thought the politics of the IBM/Motorola/Apple rela- tionship was going to be unmanageable. In less than two years, it has spawned the world's most popular RISC platform: the PowerMacintosh. ■ Chips & Technologies AT Chip Set IBM is not known for its approach to open systems. So, while it was actively resisting the cloning of its PC architecture, C&T was introducing its AT Chip Set. With only five chips, C&T duplicated the core logic of about 1 00 chips in IBM's system. All a clone maker had to do was add a 286, a Phoenix BIOS ROM, and some memory to create a PC. Take that, Big Blue. ■ Amiga Agnes/Denise/Paula It's not a rock group: This was the advanced chip set that powered the world's first multimedia computer: the Commodore Amiga 1000. In 1985, these three chips could do tricksthat today's PCs and Macs still can't do — such as display multiple screens with independent pixel resolutions and bit depths on a single monitor. ■ Commodore SID You can get remarkable results when you tell an engineer to do what he thinks is right. Take SID (Sound Interface Device), forexample. In 1981, Bob Yannes was told to design a low-cost sound chipforthe up- coming Commodore 64. He would end up creating an analog synthesizer chip that re- defined the concept of sound in personal computers. ■ Yamaha OPL-2 Tweet. Beep, beep. Name that tune! The original IBM PC's sound capabilities were practically nonexistent — a simple beeper that could produce a limited range of square-wave tones. Yamaha's OPL-2 enabled vendors such as Ad Lib and Creative Labs to introduce plug-in sound boards with reasonable (but not great) sound. Today, nearly all PCs come with a soundboard. ■ S3 911 Because PCs originally had character-ori- ented displays, screen performance drasti- cally bogged down when running Microsoft Windows and graphical applications. IBM's 85 14 chip and its spin-offs provided some improvement, but the market broke wide open in 1991 when S3 intro- duced the 911, which integrated GUI acceleration and VGA compatibility on a single chip. ■ Intel Mercury The PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) bus is the most important enhancement to the PC architecture since the ISA bus, and Mercury was the first implementation. Today even Apple has adopted PCI to replace the NuBus. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK "75 GET PENTIUM Pentium™ Power: The super-quick Pentium™ processor is designed specifically for notebooks and is engineered to perform 91% foster than 75MHz Intel DX4~ processors. GET CD-ROM CD-ROM to Go: The power of multimedia is all packed up and ready to go. The Satellite Pro'" 400CDT comes with an integrated, modular Quad-Speed CD-ROM drive that you can swap with the floppy drive in seconds"'". Or plug in the floppy drive externally and use both. THE NEW SATELLITE PRO " WITH MODULAR CD-ROM. tiltfC/firC ftO The new Satellite Pro™ offers faster access to your multimedia applications with a Quad-Speed CD-ROM. Now you can retrieve masses of information from large databases and enjoy the hottest educational and entertainment software. A huge 10.4" diagonal color display and 24-bit true color support deliver brilliant graphics and stunningly realistic images that will leave you in awe. Crisp, clear stereo sound capabilities and smooth video playback will wake up any presentation. The Satellite Pro™ is portable multimedia computing at its highest level. So get going. Call 1-800-457-7777 for more information or a dealer near you. Lithium Ion Battery: Toshiba's long-life Lithium Ion battery provides many hours of power while you travel. \ W*" Enhanced Port Replicator: Now you only need one computer- The new, optional Enhanced Port Replicator provides two Type III PC Card slots, and allows one-step connection to your desktop environment. Built-in Power Supply: A built-in power supply means you don't have to carry a bulky external AC adapter. This slim power cord is all you need. GET GOING 400CDT: • 10.4" dia. coloractive matrix display • Integrated modular Quad-Speed CD-ROM • Modular 3.5" FDD included 400CS*: • I0.4 n dia. color dual-scan display • Integrated modular 3.5" FDD • Optional modular Quad-Speed CD-ROM BOTH MODELS: • 75MHz Pentium'" processor (2.9v) • Supports 24-bit tnie color (16.7 million colors) • 810 Million Bytes (=772MB) HDD • 8MB EDO RAM expandablero40MB • Lithium Ion battery • VLIocal-bus video • Sound Blaster'" Pro compatible, • Toll-free Technical .WAV and MIDI sound support • Two stacked PC Card slots (twoType II oroneTypelll) • Plug and Play connectivity • AccuPoint'" integrated pointing device • Toshiba MaxTime' Power Management Software Support— 7 days a week, 24 hours a day $0 Pentium' ■ processor In Touch with Tomorrow TOSHIBA Toshiba. The Worlds Best Selling Portable Computers. All specifications and availability are subject to change. 1 400CS comes with the modular FDD only. A Quad-Speed CD-ROM is available as an optional upgrade. *The 400CS is sold at selected retailers as the 405CS with additional pre-installed software. © 1995 Toshiba America Information Systems, Inc. All products indicated by trademark symbols are trademarked and/or registered by their respective companies. The Intel Inside logo is a trademark of Intel Corporation. Circle 249 on Inquiry Card. The Amazonian piRHflci uses razor sharp teeth to rip out bloody ■ ■ chunks of your QUIVETIllIf flesh until you thrash and convulse in mind-numbing apny and plead for someone to kill you. [Sort of like using Someone ClSC'S network fax solution.] Everyone knows that network faxing is an amazingly convenient way ror people to tax rignt from tneir PCs. So there's no more schlepping to the rax machine. Everyone also knows it's agonizingly painrul to implement. But now there's Delrina WinFax"' PRO for Networks 4.1. Which does for network faxing what Delrina WinFax PRO"" MMet k* 1KKST 1.1 c i r . WMTOWfo did ror personal raxing. RECfflfiA f MMUkfiC 1 Which is to finally g$g{* Q e I make it easy. Installing : k3£~§ :l riMiimu it takes no time. It's mFax PRO for N^orks . . « is based on WinFax PRO, simple to add users tl K world's #j fax software. and modems. Sending a fax from any Windows application is as easy as print- ing a document. And since people share phone lines and modems, you save money. See your aealer or call us at 1-800-598-8679 for more information ahout WinFax PRO for Networks. And go ahead and jump right in to network faxing. The water's fine. Delrina WinFax PRO for Networks works with your existing hardware and software, including all popular e-mail packages. • It works with all popular networks, including Novell NetWare, Personal NetWare, LANtastic, Banyan Vines, Microsoft® LAN Manager and 4 Microsoft® Windows™ for Workgroups. • No dedicated fax server is required. • It's compatible with more than 600 modems. • It costs less than you think. • And it makes the ideal choice for workgroups of up to 50 people, Dclrim, VioPa* PRO and Wiiil r ax PRO (or Networks are tr.il-marU .if Delrina Corporation .iml its .iffilialed companies. Microsoft is a retfittaul trademark of Microsoft Corporation. All oilier product name* are copyrights, trademark*, restored tr.iilom.irkf or tradenames of their respective owners. ©1994 Delrina (Canada) Corporation. All rights reserved. Circle 340 on Inquiry Card. in manager and m DelrimSL Twenty years ago, networks were three-letter corporations that owned television. Today, they are the fabric of our information society. Following are the products that form the woof and warp of this new world. ■ SNA IBM's mainframe networking standard, SNA (Systems Network Architecture), is arguably the major milestone in networking technology in the last 20 years. Virtually every Fortune 500 company's mainframe networks are based on it, as well as any other company that has an IBM mainframe. SNA, officially introduced in 1974 with products becoming available in subsequent years, gave users access to the enormous amounts of data stored on mainframes. With SNA, IBM developed a layered approach to communications that was to be the basis for all the company's subsequent data communications work. ■ DECnet Introduced in 1975, DECnet supported communication over a variety of networks, including Ethernet LANs and baseband and broadband networks. DEC adapted its architecture to interconnect workstations, terminals, PCs, Macs, PDPs, and VAXes. Because of an architecture that put intelligence at each network node, and because of the connectivity to PDPs and VAXes, DECnet was widely embraced by research and academic communities. ■ TCP/IP A funny thing happened while we were all waiting for OSI to take off. A stopgap networking solution devel- oped years ago by the Department of Defense's Advanced Research Projects Agency, TCP/IP, blew OSI off the map. Between 1978 and 1980, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency developed and deployed the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol on its Arpanet. Today, TCP/IP is used in most large corporate networks to give users access to a wide variety of plat- forms on different networks. It is also the protocol of the Internet. Enough said. ■ Oracle SQL If any one standard is responsible for the current boom of client/server networking, it's the database language SQL (Structured Query Language). Related to IBM's massive mainframe database DB2, SQL was brought to minicomputers in the late 1970s by the prescient Oracle corporation, which eventually ported SQL down to microcomputer LANs and stand-alone PCs (and even the Sharp Wizard — but nobody's perfect). Oracle's SQL became one of the first truly scalable applications development platforms. You could write and test your application on a workstation and then upscale it to your big iron when it was ready. Or better yet, you could downsize your mainframe apps to less expensive and more efficient systems, like PC networks. SQL is such a popular standard thattoday, every major client/server application supports it; no compet- ing architecture has come close. MANAGING A MESS: HP'S OPENVIEW CONSOLE U.B.: HUBBA, HUBBA, EH? LONG BEFORE PCMCIA, XIR- COM WAS PLUGGING PORTA- BLES INTO ETHERNET. BOOKS. LOTS AND LOTS DF BOOKS. SOMEWHERE IN THERE IS THE ACTUAL NETWARE 3.11 SOFTWARE. BUT WHERE? WE'LL NEVER TELL SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 79 nm lUft^ m t -Important roducts a &Standards WE CAN THINK OF EXACTLY 3270 REASONS THAT ATTACHMATE'S IRMA BOARD, WHICH CONNECTS PCS TO MAINFRAMES, WAS AN INCREDIBLE SUCCESS. ■ Group 3 Fax standard Remember being amazed when a fax machine could transmit a page in less than 30 seconds? That increase in speed was due to the CCITT's Group 3 recommendation forfaxtranmissions. Issued in 1980, the Group 3 fax standardspecified trans- mission rates of up to 9600 bps and in- cluded built-in compression, which made it possible to transmit a typical page in less than 30 seconds. ■ Ethernet Today, when most office workers hear the name Xerox, they think of the photocopier machine, or they erroneously use the corporate name as a verb. We could just as well be using Xerox as a term for sending a file down the network wire. In 1981, Xerox made history by intro- ducing the original Ethernet LAN in the form of its Star Ethernet Series. The LAN was an office system that linked devices, such as workstations, servers, and printers, so that users could share and print documents. The Star Ethernet Series was the result of Ethernet research conducted by Xerox with DEC and Intel. It was the first introduction many corporate users got to LAN technology. Xerox was a name player in the office market, and thus its sales staff at least had a foot in the door of most corporations. ■ NetWare and Sharenet In 1981, Novell introduced Sharenet, the first product in the line, which soon became NetWare. It took the simple idea of dedicat- ing one node on a network as a central resource and developed it into the most highly used NOS today. Novell was not the only company in that newly emerging NOS market. Other early players included IBM and 3Com. But NetWare, especially versions 2.x and 3.x, delivered the features that organizations needed most: solid file and print services. ■ Hayes Smartmodem Before 1981, modems were just plain dumb. They had no memory, and they couldn't recognize commands. The early modems simply did as their name implies: they modulated and demodulated signals. With the advent of theHayes Smart- modem in 1981, modems understood and could execute commands (the Hayes AT Commands) on their own. The Smartmodem and the Hayes command set became the standard for mo- dem communications and made Hayes the dominant player in the market for the next 10 years. Even today, most modem ads still state that the device is Hayes-compatible. ■ 3Com Etherlink In 1982, a small Silicon Valley company cof ounded by Bob Metcalfe, the inventor of Ethernet, introduced the first Ethernet adapter card for a PC. The card, the Etherlink, became the best-selling networking product ever. 3Com, Metcalfe'scompany, also developed its own NOS (network operating system) with which to use its new creation and drive the sale of its core hardware product. ■ The Irma board The Irma board has to be the one product that symbolizes the acceptance of PCs by the corporate world. Before Irma's introduction in 1982, corporate data, which resided on IBM mainframes, was accessed through 3270 terminals. From these 3270 terminals, users could view data and run applications that printed reports. In the early 1980s, as PCs started to make their way into corporations, there was a cluttering on the desktop. A terminal and a PC took a lot of room — especially those early IBM PCs with their large footprints. Technical Analysis, soon to be ac- quired by Digital Communications Associates (DCA), developed a brilliant solution. Their Irma board, which plugged into a slot in an IBM PC, could give the PC user access to the mainframe data. The board included 3270 terminal emulation software and a coaxial-cable connection on the back to attach to the IBM network infrastructure. ■ Streettalk for Vines Today, many corporations are looking for some way to easily keep track of resources and people on their networks. Ultimately, SO BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Now Everyone Can Have The Superior Monitor. If you've always wanted a top performing monitor, now is the time. Even the coolest dudes find Nanao's new 1 7" monitors way cool. 1 Tie new F2-17EX and T2-17TS models can't be beat for the ultimate in text and graphics performance. Which is why they're setting sales records at savvy computer stores. Another reason is Nanao's Windows 95 Plug & Play* compatibility. Complicated user set-up adjustments at the time of installation are virtually eliminated. And switching resolutions on-the-fly is a snap. Users are also drawn by Nanao's reputation for outstand- ing long-term reliability plus the stunning array of new advanced technical features that are ideally suited for graphical environments. Nanao even offers a choice of four 17" models to satisfy your budget, 3-year warranty** cetet'/ie application requirements and tube preference. The F2-17EX features an ultra fine dot pitch Invar shadow mask flat-square tube, while the T2'17ts features the new hybrid technology aperture grill tube. Both monitors provide the power you need to achieve true- to-life colors, crisp typography and a stable screen image. Flicker-free resolutions up to 1280 x 1024 @ 82Hz refresh rate, Colorific™ screen/printer color matching software and on-screen image controls deliver previously unheard of levels of performance. For added safety against emissions, TCO compliance is now available as a standard feature. If you're wondering why this dude looks so satis- fied, it's easy to figure out. He just caught the perfect wave. And the perfect 17" monitor. M kodak^ Call Our FlexFax Fax On Demand 1-800-4 16-FLEX F2-17EX Dot Pitch Actual Viewing Diag. ScanFreq. Rcc. Resol. Max Resol. On Screen Control Standards T2-17TS Grill Pitch Actual Viewing Diag. ScanFreq. Rcc. Resol. Max Resol. On Screen Control Standards 0.26mm 16.1" H:30-86kHz,V:55-160Hz 1280xl024@upto82Hz l600x1200@upto66Hz ScrcenManager" and ScrecnMana ger'" Pro MPRII,TCO,FCCB 0.25mm 16.0" H:30-86kHz,V:55-160Hz 1280xl024@upto82Hz 1600xl200@upto66Hz ScreenManagcr" and ScreenManager"" Pro MPR-n,TCO,FCCB 'Requires a DDC compatible video aird. **3 year on P & L and CRT. Superior In V.veiy Detail is a registered trademark of Nanao Corporation. All product names are trademarks of their respective companies. ©1 995 Nanao USA Corporation. Circle 230 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 231). NANAO Superior In Every Detail NANAO USA CORPORATION 23535 Telo Avenue, Torrance, CA 90505 (310) 325-5202 Fax: (310) 530-1679 1-800-800-5202 Wekowe [ Who*'* Hew) | Wtwf i Cool | Quwitow | Net Sew eh | Hot Directory | IjArtServe *4rf & architecture mainly from the Mediterranean Basin This Aujtrilitn Nation &1 University server contains over 1.2 gigabytes of data wiiii avail able ebewbere. It offorj a variety of image collections and small pre jertUti on; deal in somo way with Art Hittory. The current setup will be biprovod when tinio, it assistants permit. Your opinions and suggestions on the content, arrangement and materials on this server ere earnestly sought! pie ass email mot MOSAIC IS LIKE THE FAIRY GOO MOTHER OF THE INTERNET. TURNING IT FROM TEXT RAGS TO GRAPHICAL RICHES. they'll probably use some form of a standards-based directory service, perhaps the ISO's powerful X. 500. In the meantime, they are stuck with stopgap solutions — unless, of course, they are Banyan Vines users. Since 1984, Banyan has offered its users Streettalk, its LAN-based directory services, which are needed in enterprise networks. Streettalk was the first of the enterprise directory ser- vices, and some say it is still the best. ■ Token Ring IBM developed token-ring technology in the early 1980s, and the first commercial products hit the streets in 1985. Token Ring was based on the concept of using a token, which was passed around the network, to give a device access to the network. When a device needed to transmit data, it would seize the token. This technique made a to- ken-ring network more deterministic com- pared with Ethernet's contention-based method f oraccessing the network. The deterministic nature of Token Ring quickly became a popular choice for IBM SNAshopsand it wasquickly adopted by virtually all of IBM's large corporate cus- tomers as the way to link users through- out a corporation. ■ Cisco AGS multiprotocol router and Proteon Multiprotocol Gateway These were the first routers to solve the problem of routing different protocols Most. Important rift f nets & Standard from and to a single network. Cisco's AGS supported TCP/IP and PUP. Proteon's Multiprotocol Gateway handled ARP, Chaosnet, TCP/IP, and PUP. We would like to award the laurel for first multi- protocol router to either Cisco or Proteon, but the companies are squabbling over who was first. Cisco, a source tells us, has produced the invoice for its first router sale and challenges Proteon to produce an earlier one. ■ ISDN Still don'tknow? ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network) is the phone sys- tem of the future. Fully digital and quite af- fordable, it offers enough bandwidth (64 Kbps) for acceptable Internet access and almost enough for videoconferencing. It's also a flexible system, offering scalability up to 1 .544 Mbps (not coincidentally the same speed of aTl line) for corporate sites. The downside of this noble mid-1980s standard is that it's really not standard at all — a lot of telephone markets implement the system differently, so bringing the next generation of communication into your home or business can be an exercise in frustration. Nonetheless, when analog modem technology runs out of steam (as it is beginningtodoright now), ISDN will step in as the next great data communi- cations standard. ■ Kerberos from MIT In the mid-1980s, wizards at MIT developed Kerberos, a security system that controls access to network services. Their scheme requires that users be authenticated before they can get to any service on a net- work. Kerberos does this in an ingenious way. Users gain access to applications, data, printers, and so forth by using the equivalent of an electronic ticket, which is good for only one-time access and which, if the security administrator so desires, can expire within a fairly short time. The system encloses the access ticket in an encrypted message using the user's own password. If the user is whom he or she claims to be, the user can decipher the mes- sageand the ticket will be available. The user's password is neverpassedoverthe network. Security is maintained. ■ OpenView Enterprise network management was easier in the days of homogeneous networks. Companies whose networks were exclusively IBM, f orexample, would turn to IBM's NetView to manage all the devices on their SNA (Systems Network Architecture) networks. That was fine until other vendors' prod- ucts were introduced into a company's network — each with its own management system. Network managers had a deskf ul of monitors — one for every management system. They had to check the status of different devices on different monitors and assimilate all that information in their head. That was great for the aspirin companies, but for IS managers, it was impractical. In 1988, Hewlett-Packard introduced OpenView to overcome such problems. OpenView was the first multivendor network management system. It also offered open APIs. Network equipment vendors could use these programming inter- faces to make their products capable of be- ing managed by the system. ■ Access/One Today, virtually all corporate networks are built around intelligent wiring hubs that of- fer management capabilities and can isolate troublesome cabling flaws. The first com- mercial network to offer these features was Ungermann-Bass's Access/One hub. Before this, most local networks were made up of daisy-chained components, and a single cable flaw would crash the whole system. Next time you find a flaw that affects only one user and not your entire network, give thanks to Ungermann-Bass. 82 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 1 hanks to Sprint Business, Rail Europe increased its speed to 256 kilobits per second. Real Problem. Rail Europe, the exclusive sales agent for most European railways, needed a way to offer their huge database of schedule and fare information to travel agents all over the world. Real Solution. Sprint Business put them on track with SprintNet, the world's largest public data network, with access from 45 countries. What's more, with X .25 packet switching and highly reliable access at up to 256kbps, Rail Europe has quickly become the only stop for thousands of travel agents in the U.S., and as far away as Japan and Australia. All they need is a PC and the price of a local call to book virtually any train in Europe and the former Soviet Union. 24 hours a day. Sprint Business technology helped Rail Europe. Let us help your business do more business. Sprint Business ^ 1-800-669-4700 ©1995 Sprint Communications Company L.P. Circle 277 on Inquiry Card. Most, Important Network in Cool Today, Tnnrnrrnw Four technologies stand apart, heralding the coming age of networking. LAN Switches LAN switches handle the heavier traffic that multimedia applications generate on networks by delivering more usable band- width to each desktop. They do this with- out requiring any change to the desktop; users keep their existing Ethernet or token- ring adapter cards in their PCs. The most useful switching products will be those that can be modified to han- dle connections to higher-speed network- ing backbone technologies. While many of the switches already support FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) and Fast Ethernet connections, the switches that will truly play a major role in corpo- rate networks are those that can accommodate ATM (asynchronous trans- fer mode) backbone connections. Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM is the RISC architecture of the net- working world: It uses fixed, 53-byte cells. This size is a compromise between the very long packets that would yield the bestnetworkperformance and the very short frames that would give voice and video the smoothest functioning. Some argue that ATM is a kludge, but it's a kludge showing throughput of 622 Mbps, with future performance in the gigabit range. How far in the future? Considering ISDN's reception, maybe by 2000. Voice /Data Integration With more telecommuters and small of- fices requiring connectivity to corporate networks, companies are often paying for two lines to each location — one for a tele- phone and one tocarry data. In many situ- ations, the number of access lines to each site could be cut to one if the company could combine the voice and data traffic. Combining the two forms of traffic onto one line is becoming more practical. Some of the standout products making this type of convergence easier include: • the MMV series of voice/data concen- trators from Multi-Tech Systems • the NetRunner Integration Router fromMicom Communications • the HTM A 200 integrated ISDN and analog modem and the DAS 925 product line from Motorola's Transmission Products Division Computer Telephony Integration For computer telephony integration, suc- cessful products will most likely be based on one or both of two approaches. The first is TAPI (telephony API), a program- ming interface developed by Microsoft and Intel that lets Windows applications access voice services and provides inter- operability between PCs and telephone equipment. The second, the Telephony Services API, a programming interface developed by Novell and AT&T, offers a way to connect a PBX to a NetWare serv- er and provides links between PCs and telephone equipment. SOMETIME IN THE EARLY 1990S, ETHERNET PULLED THE OLD SWITCHERDO.ANO ITSPERFORMANCE SKYROCKETED. ■ The Sniffer In 1989, Network General introduced the Sniffer, a single tool that helped network administrators develop and troubleshoot LANs. Today, the Sniffer is synonymous with network analyzers. The Sniffer offered detailed protocol de- coding capability and let LAN managers set traps to watch for certain conditions. It could also capture a trace of all the traffic passing over a LAN segment. These features were (and still are) useful when trying to understand performance problems on a net- work or when troubleshooting a problem. ■ Xircom Pocket Ethernet Adapter Similar to the way the Irma board symbol- ized the acceptance of the PC in the corpo- rate world, the Xircom Pocket Ethernet Adapter symbolized the networked arrival of the laptop computer. Xircom had the brilliant idea of using a standard, universally available entry point into the laptop. The company's slick little box plugged into the parallel port — probably the only truly standard PC part. That gave every laptop user a quick and easy way to connect to a LAN. ■ Mosaic The most important reason for the explosive growth of the Internet over the past year is the mass distribution of the Mosaic browser for the World Wide Web. Developed by the University of Illinois' National Center for Supercomputing Applications, Mosaic gives nontechnical people an easy tool with which to find their way around the Internet. Those who could care less about HTTP or HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) can use a Mosaic browser and weave their way through webs of information on their own. Marc Andreesen and his lesser-known colleagues at NCSA deserve some sort of prize for their efforts. Not only did they in- vent a brilliant vehicle fornavigatingthe Internet — but they gave it away. 84 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 In 1975, the number of people going on- line was smaller than the membership of the Young Republicans for Captain Beefheart Fan Club. Now, those massive networks of computers and databases known as the on-line world have become an electronic extension of the tradition- al, off-line world. ■ Fun & Games If you want to play in the MUD, see alt. mud, a good introduction to multiuser dimension games. Game Server at the University of Stuttgart provides a huge list. Telnet to castor.tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de and type games at the log-in. ■ Technical Support A Web page that you can visit to get technical assistance sure beats listening to cheesy music when you're on hold. Novell's home page is one of the best examples of how useful a Web site can be. Point your browser at http://www.noveII.com. ^T Lycos" nfc The Ounlog of the Internet LOST? GONE FOREVER? OH, MY! DARLING, OON'TYOU WORRY-SERVICES LIKE LYCOS WILLiNDEX AND FINO CLEMENTINE IN A MATTER OF SECONDS. ■ Text Search Tools Information is buried on the Internet. Tunneling its way to fame is gopher. If your site is gopherless, you can Telnet to consuItant.micro.umn.edu and type gopher at the log-in prompt. Even better are WAlSes (Wide Area Information Servers). If your system doesn't have a WAIS client, Telnet to bbs.oit.unc.edu and type bbs at the log-in prompt. Follow the directions. ■ Code Talk Tools, languages, source code, tips and tricks, advice, and folks who've gone through hell. Sound good? Here are some of the best sites. For programming lan- guages, anonymous ftp to quartz.rutgers.edu and take the path /pub/computer/languages/*. For a discussion of the 32-bit Windows API, see the Usenet newsgroup comp. os. ms-windows. programmer .Win32. For Unix, post your problem in the Usenet newsgroup comp. unix. questions. ■ Internet Directories If Hercules were around today, one of his labors would be indexing the Internet. Luckily, someone has already done the work. Go to Yahoo at http://www .yahoo.com. Or, you can try the WWW (World Wide Web) Virtual Library. It's at http://www.w3.org/ hypertext/ DataSources/bySubject/overview. html. ■ Web Spelunkers What if you need to find something on the Web fast? Lycos is from Carnegie Mellon University, and it's hot. Start at http://Iycos. cs.cmu.edu. WebCrawler is good, too, at http://webcrawIerxs.washington.edu/ WebCrawIer/WebQuery.html. For its part, InfoSeek can pull information from anywhere. But it costs $9.95 a month. Send E-mail to info@infoseek.com. ■ Finder of Missing E-Mail Addresses What if you don't have your recipient's address? Four 1 1 is like an ace detective. To step into its office, E-mail info@fourll.com, or point your browser at http://www. Fourll.com. 1950' a fun U back... Tlte original BURP GUN. It's safe ...it's exiciung ... and it's great for tods of all ages. T7iis is the original air-poireied Burp Gun, the same one that'3 been produced since the 1950's. Bttrpco tracked down the original Italian manufacturer and brought the B urp Gun back to the USA. The Burp Gun's proven sales reflect the demand by adults rediscovering the childhood classic. And mv, anev generation is discovering the Burp Gun for the first time. Pan from the SO' a is back for kids and gnmraps, too! ABURP GUN? EXCUSEME? ONLY ON THE INTERNET WILL YOU FINO LOVING RESTORATIONS OF SUCH ODDITIES AS THE BURP GUN. SPECIFICALLY, YOU'LL FIND IT (AND NEARLY EVERYTHING ELSE) AT YOUR LOCAL BRANCH MALL SEPTEMBER 1995 KYTE 85 2QT» "k Best lungs. ■ Home pages We like Netscape Communications' page: http://www.nctscape.com. It's diverse and fun. But for serious computer talk, try the National Center for Supercomputing Applications at http://www.ncsa.uiuc .edu/General/Internet/WWW/HTML Primer.html. ■ Mailing Lists Mailing lists are the most efficient way to get targeted information. An electronic ver- sion of Prentice Hall's Internet: Mailing Lists book is available via anonymous ftp to ftp.nisc.sri.com and follow ihe path /netinfo/interest-groups. foshiaki Araki's Home Page THE METROPOLITAN MUSEUM AND THE MOMA CAN EAT THEIR HEARTS DUT: THE INTERNET IS HDME TO ELECTRONIC VERSIONS OF SOME OF THE GREATEST ART EVER CREATED. NO NEED FOR THE WEATHER CHANNEL. JUST TUNE YOUR BROWSER TO THE NATIONAL CLIMATIC DATA CENTER. ■ News Online Today on CompuServe is the most timely source of daily computer news. But Clarinet distributes the Dilbert comic strip. Look for newsgroups that start with clari. ■ Travel Arrangements With CompuServe, you can make air, hotel, and rental car reservations. Type GO TRAVEL and be on your way. On America Online, click on the Travel block. ■ Music If you want to talk about music or keep up with what's new, the Internet's the place. For alternative bands, go to http://www .iuma.com. Or try out the Music Server: Anonymous ftp to ftp.uwp.edu; path is /pub/music. ■ Financial Information If you haven't spent all your money on connect time, invest some of it. Clarinet provides the broadest range of financial and business information, clari. biz. market gives you the latest on the stock market and clari. biz. invest discusses IRAs, mutual funds, and other investment arcana. ■ Weather If you want to know what's going on outside without having to look up from your computer, try the National Climatic Data Center's http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/ interesting/us-se-wxmap.html. ■ Education Resources AskERIC, run by the Educational Resource and Information Center, is like a giant help desk for K-l 2 teachers. The ad- dress is askeric@ericir.syr.edu, or point your browser at http://eryx.syr.edu/ COVVSHome.html. ■ Sounds If it's been recorded, it's on-line somewhere. Try the Usenet group alt .binaries. sounds. misc. And DSP Group's BYTE publishes its first issue; articles include "Write Your Own Assembler" and "Recycling Used ICs." FBI agents cap- ture kidnapped rich-girl-turned- liberation-soldier Patty Hearst. TsPlayer lets you play a WAV sound file be- fore you download it. Anonymous ftp to ftp://oak.oakland.edu/SimTel/win3/ sound/tspIaylOO.zip. ■ Free Software All you have to provide is the shrink-wrap. For PC software, gopher to merlot. welch .jhu.edu. For Mac software, anonymous ftp to oak.oakIand.edu; the path is /pub2/ macintosh. You Unix mavens will find a C archive if you anonymous ftp to wuarchive.wustl.edu; use the path /systems/unix/unix-c/*. Finally, you'll get OS/2 software at anonymous ftp to ftp- os2.nmsu.edu; the path is/os2/*. ■ Art From Mona Lisa to Beavis and Butt-Head, you can get a look at the digitized works of some of the world's greatest artists. Start with ArtMap at http://wimsey.com/ anima/ARTWORLDonline.html. Then try ArtServe at http://rubens.anu .edu.au/. ■ Shopping There's no re-creating the mall experience. Thank God. Start at the Branch Mall at http://branch.com. AutoPages is the place to shop for that new Lamborghini. Speed on over to http://www.clark.net/pub/ networx/autopage/autopage.html. ■ Talk to Computer Companies CompuServe's company forums are still the best places to tell vendors what you think, to talk with company officials. Join the Hardware and Software Forums for starters — most major companies have support forums on CIS. 86 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Reliability you can depend on In 1994, Sentinel improved its industry leading reliability to over 99.985% - far more reliable than any other software protection product. Manage network licenses NetSentinel lM is the only protection NetWare t0 undergo rigorous testing by and StfoS) receive approval from Novell. A substantial investment in R&D In 1994 alone, Rainbow invested over 54,500,000 in R&D to make the world's leading software protection even better. Global service & support Rainbow supports its customers with offices and distributors in more than 40 countries. The industry's highest quality 1509002 Rainbow is the world's only software i??\ protection supplier with ISO 9002 ^Sp? certified quality standards, certified Truly transparent protection Designed to go unnoticed by your customers, Sentinel does not interfere with hardware, peripherals or other software programs. Compatible with your software Our partnerships with Apple, Microsoft and IBM mean Sentinel protects software for any hardware or operating system. W W y$& ^ Total security & flexibility Sentinel keys are available with proprietary ASIC technology, multiple EEPROM cells or even a microcontroller - giving you the world's best software protection. » Why this dongle protects more software than all others combined! Over 6,500,000 Sentinel® keys protect software worldwide. In fact, 55% of all protected software has a Sentinel key, from Rainbow Technologies. Today, software piracy is at an all-time high. If you're selling software without protection, you're losing sales and revenue. Start protecting your software investment. Stop software piracy with Sentinel, then watch your sales and profits increase. Discover the Sentinel difference Sentinel is easy to implement, transparent to your end-users, and backed by the world leader. When you need on-time delivery and global support, you need Sentinel. Only Sentinel gives you leading- edge technology, ISO certified quality and over 99* 985 % reliability. Protect your software investment Order a Sentinel Developer's Kit. Prices start as low as 514- 95 . Each kit comes complete with technical documentation, software drivers, utilities, and a Sentinel key. Order your kit now and receive a 20% discount coupon towards your first Sentinel purchase. S&pj^ 1-800-852-8569 SETUmEL Software Protection ^RAINBOW T E C H N L 1 E S FROM THE EASTERN U.S. & CANADA, CALL 1-800/843-0413 ■ VISIT OUR HOME PAGE AT: http://www.RNBO.COM WORLD HEADQUARTERS: 50 Technology Drive, Irvine, CA 9271 8 ■ Tel: 714/450-7300 ■ Fax: 714/450-7450 ASIA/LATIN AMERICA: 714/450-7300 ■ U.K.: (44) 1932 570066 ■ FRANCE: (33) 1 41 43 2900 ■ GERMANY: (49) 89 32 17 98 ARGENTINA: Agri-Aid, S.A. 54 1 8030536 AUSTRALIA: LOADPLAN 61 3 690 0455 BELGIUM/LUXEMBURG: E2S 32 92 21 11 17 BRAZIL: MIPS SistemasLtda. 55 1 1 574 8686 BULGARIA: KSIMETRO 35 9279 1478 CHILE: ChileSoft Ltda. 56 2 232761 7 CHINA (Eastern): Shanghai Pudong Software Park Development Company 86 21 4371 500 CHINA (Northern): CS&S 86 10 831 6524 COLOMBIA: Construdata 57 1 610 7500 CZECH REPUBLIC: ASKON Int'l 42 2 3103 652 GREECE: Byle Computer S.A. 301 924 17 28 HONG KONG: Computers & Peripherals 852 2515 0018 HUNGARY: Polyware Kft 36 76 481 236 INDONESIA P.T. Promptrade InfoScan 62 21 375 166 IRAN: GAM Electronics 98 21 22 22374 ITALY: BFI IBEXS A SPA 39 23 31 00535 ITALY: Siosistemi 39 30 24 21074 JAPAN: Giken Shoji Co., Ltd. 81 52 972 6544 JORDAN: CDG Engineering 96 26 863 861 KOREA: Genesis Technologies 82 2 578 3528 LEBANON: National Group Consultants 961 1 494317 MALAYSIA: Eastern 5ys Design (M) Sdn Bhd 60 3 241 1 183 MEXICO: Impex Comp., S.A. de C. V. 52 66 210 291 MIDDLE EAST: Hoche Int'l 44 81 459 8822 MOROCCO: Futur & Soft 2 12 2 40 03 97 NETHERLANDS: IntroCom 31 74 430 105 PHILIPPINES Mannasoft Tech. Corp 63 2 813 4162 POLAND: HITEX Sp. z o.o. 48 22 41 97 51 PORTUGAL: COMELTA 351 194165 07 SCANDINAVIA: Perico A7S47 2249 1500 SINGAPORE: Systems Design PTE LTD 65 747 2266 SPAIN: MECCO 34 3 422 7700 SWITZERLAND: 18V AG 41 1741 2140 SWITZERLAND: Safe Compaid S.A. 41 2421 5386 TAIWAN: Evershine Tech. 886 2 8208925 THAILAND: BCS Int'l 66 2 319 4451 TUNISIA: ASCI 2 16 1 781 751 TURKEY: BIMEKS, Ltd. 9 2 1 6 348 3508 VENEZUELA: HRT-M Osers 58 2 261 4282 1 995 Rainbow Technologies, Inc. Sentinel, SentinelSuperPro and NetSentinel are trademarks of Rainbow Technologies. All other product names are trademarks of their respective owners. Circle 243 on Inquiry Card. V # here was a time you could find anything youneeded at a general M ■ store. Nowadays Gateway 2000® can offer you that same neigh- borly service and wide selection of quality products. We care about our customers. That's why Gateway offers a large assortment of cutting-edge, quality, professional desktop systems. Whether you need a solid 486 workstation or the power of the P5- 1 33XL — we can help you out. Stocked with the latest technology, the P5-133XL includes a 133MHz Intel Pentium processor, 16MB EDO performance-enhanced memory, 256K pipelined burst cache, Matrox MGA Millennium graphics accelerator with 2MB WRAM, and MS Office 95 Professional Edition upgrade upon release. Plus you'll receive a three-year on-site warranty and priority toll-free technical support 24 hours a day, seven days a week with our new Gateway Gold Premium Service, standard only on the P5-133XL! Gateway also has a Grade A inventory of portable PCs as diverse as our desktop line. At 4.2 pounds, the Liberty DX4-100 Base system is chock-full of features like an Intel 100MHz DX4 processor and 10.4-inch display. It's the perfect partner for your desktop PC, and when you're off for pans unknown. Our shelves are full of tantalizing options that include expanded RAM, lithium ion batteries, external CD-ROM drives, huge hard drives, fax/modems and PCMCIA network cards to satisfy any PC buyer's taste. Times may change, but Gateway 2000's tradition of providing high-quality, feature-packed computers remains the same. And by ordering now, you'll reserve your copy of Microsoft's new operating system, Windows 95. Call Gateway today and talk to your friends in the business. ©I 995 Gateway 2000, Inc. Gateway 20(X), black and white spot design, "G" logo and "You've got a friend in the business" slogan are registered trademarks, and EZ Point, TelePath, Vivitron, Liberty and Gateway Gold are trademarks of Gateway 2000, Inc. The Intel Inside Logo, Intel and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. Monitors' diagonal measurements indicate the size of the cathode-ray tube. Prices do not include shipping or applicable sales tax. Intel 1 33MHz Pentium® Processor Intel Verified: Upgradable 16MB EDO Performance-Enhanced Memory 256K Pipelined Burst Cache 1 .62GB Mode 4, 9ms IDE Hard Drive PCI Enhanced IDE Interface Matrox® MGA™ Millennium™ Graphics Accelerator W/2MBWRAM \ 4X 3-CD Changer, 1 6-Bit Ensoniq® Wavetable & i Altec!" ACS-31 Speakers w/ Subwoofer TelePatrT 28.8 Fax/Modem Communication Center 3.5" Diskette Drive 17" ,26dp Vivitron 1 " Color Monitor ^ — \ 9-Bay Tower Case Q^^p7 101 -fey Keyboard & MS Mouse 2.0 j^p MS-DOS*6.22,WFW3.11 Microsoft® Windows® 95 and Office 95 Professional Edition Upgrades 4.2 Lbs., 10" x 8" x 1.6" 10.4 DSTN Color Display 8MB RAM Removable 340MB Hard Drive 1MB Video RAM Choice of Desktop IR Receptor or External Floppy Drive Intel 100MHz486DX4 Processor Instant On NiMH Battery & AC Pack 2 PCM CI A Type II ^ots EZ Point 1 " Integrated Pointer 78-Key Keyboard Parallel, Serial, VGA & PS/2® Ports OAG* FlightDisk® World Clock, & Ascend® personal information manager (PIM) for use w/ Franklin Day Planner® by Franklin Quest'* Co, MS-DOS 6.22, WFW 3.11 Microsoft Windows 95 Upgrade MS Works for Windows3.0 MfifflM $2999 EDITORS 1 CHOICE August 1995 July .1995 l PDUUTIONcRfVffJTES r- Gateway Liberty DX4/1DQ Gateway Liberty DX4/10O v GATEWX2OO0 "You 've got a friend in the business. " 3 610 MS Office Professional 4.3, Bookshelf 15 & Money 3.0 Gateway Gold 1 " Premium Service J3999 International General Sales 800-846-2058 • Portables 800-846-4289 Gateway Drive • P.O. Box 2000 • N. Sioux City, SD .57049-2000 • Phone 605-232-2000 TDD 800-846-1778 • Fax 605-232-2023 • FaxBack 800-846-4526 FaxBack Access 605-232-2561 • Sales Hours: 7am- 10pm Weekdays, 9am-4pm Saturdays (CDT) Be honest. As a technology leader people look to you for new ideas and innovative solutions. You've been successful. Now you have responsibilities. Demands on your time keep increasing. Your office never seems to be quite large enough. It's almost as if time and space have shrunk around you. You're cool 'except, that is, when you can't find something, then you go completely stark raving bonkers! Now at last a tool that is really going to help you. We call it EasiFile. EasiFile is a complete network-ready electronic filing system. Designed to give you instant retrieval of all your paper based information, however vast. EasiFile deals with the very documents you find so difficult to file and find. Technical articles, CVs, reports, product specs, news releases, bills, even cherished letters from old friends can be scanned and stored quickly with fully automatic or structured indexing. With EasiFile you are master of you own information. Because your time is so precious, we have designed EasiFile as a total solution. From the moment you open the box it's ready to work for you. Everything you need is included, pentium based network users conquer time and space system unit, network interface, scanner, optical storage, monitor, keyboard, mouse and, of course, the software. With our software, forget wait states. Scan, compress, display images, write to optical disk at once thanks to our multi-threaded, multi-tasking, application. At last, a product that shows the power of OS/2. EasiFile systems can be configured to run on virtually any network, including, LanServer, Novell, DECnet and TCP. Sharing paper documents with colleagues on the network has never been easier than with EasiFile. MDi started in a Scottish garage in 1989 and have risen to supply some of the World's top companies with document management solutions. Now our technology and experience is available to you in a system that is easy to use, available worldwide and does not cost the earth. So why not give us a call on our free phone number or surf over to us on the Net. We believe this will be the best time investment you ever make. CALL FREE ON 0800 37 11 86 Callers outside the UK should call (44) 1368 850 650. Worldwide Web http://www.mdisystems.co.uk/easifile email: easifile@mdisystems.co.uk MDi Systems Limited, Newmains, Stenton, Dunbar, Scotland EH42 1TQ UK. Tel: (44) 1368 850 678 Fax: (44) 1368 850 679 Co o 5 C/) MDi Resellers Wanted Worldwide Circle 282 on Inquiry Card. US RESELLERS: EAST COAST: Intelisys Technologica Inc. Tel: (703) 356 9803 Fax: (703) 356 9805 WEST COAST: 2M Invest Inc. Tel: (415) 655 3765 Fax: (415) 372 9107 CENTRAL: REMTEKTel: (214) 387 2855 Fax: (214) 387 3342 email: edremtek@metronet.com ASIA AND PACIFIC RIM: MDI Ltd. Tel: (852) 2545 0567 Fax: (852) 2543 4666 These are the books and CO-ROMs that have advanced the state of computing, that best chronicle the past two digital decades, and that manifest the innovative use of electronic publishing. Read on. BOOKS ■ The Art of Computer Programming Donald E. Knuth (Addison-Wesley, 1973-1981) The bible of all fundamental algorithms and the work that taught many of today's software develop- ers most of what they know about computer pro- gramming. ■ The Cuckoo's Egg: Tracking a Spy Through the Maze of Computer Espionage Clifford Stoll (Doubleday, 1989) Astronomer Stoll notices a tiny accounting error and ends up catching a spy in this real-life thriller. The Cuckoo's Egg is much more than your basic thriller, though; it raises extremely important questions about international on-line ethical behavior, which is an important issue in the infor- mation age. ■ Fluid Concepts and Creative Analogies: Computer Models of the Fundamental Mechanisms of Thought Douglas Hofstadter and the Fluid Analogies Research Group (Basic Books, 1995) Whether you agree with Hof stadter's concepts or not, he has moved the AI debate beyond mere rhetoric to actually writing programs that can test the AI hypothesis. STILL KIDDERING AROUND AFTER ALL THESE YEARS. ■ Fumbling the Future: How Xerox Invented, then Ignored, the First Personal Computer Douglas K. Smith and Robert C. Alexander (William Morrow, 1988) Asadtaleof a company thatcomes up with so many brilliant ideas but lets them die in the R&D labs. ■ Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution Steven Levy (Anchor Doubleday, 1 984) The best book there is about the unconventional brainiacs and code wizards who started it all. ■ Inside the IBM PC Peter Norton (R.J.Brady, 1983) The Master of Utilities rolls up his sleeves andpro- SOME WENTONTO BECOME duces the first popular book to expose the innards of MILLIONAIRES. SOME WENT IBM's personal computer. One of the best tutorials DIRECTLYTO JAIL. on what's inside the box. ■ Programming Windows 3.1 Charles Petzold (3d edition, Microsoft Press, 1992) In its time, it was the ultimate guide for Windows applications developers. ■ The Soul of a New Machine Tracy Kidder (Little, Brown, 1981) A true-life engineering adventure story. ■ Unauthorized Windows 95: Developer's Resource Kit Andrew Schulman (IDG Books Worldwide, 1994) What makes Windows 95 tick? Not only does Schulman tell developers about the code behind Windows 95, he tells them what decisions and trade- offs Microsoft made. INSIDE YOU'LL FINO A GREAT RECIPE FOR CHOCO- LATE-CHIP COOKIES. REALLY. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 91. ■ Understanding Computers and Cognition: A New Foundation for Design Terry Winograd and Fernando Flores (Ablex, 1986) One of the first books that explores for a large audience how computers fit into — and change — our lives. CD-ROMS ■ Cinemania Microsoft A must for movie lovers. Great for settling trivia debates. Summaries of more than 19,000 films, from contemporary to classic. Updated annually. Nothing like it exists in book form. Many thumbs up. THESE ARE THE VOYAGES OF THE STARSHIP ENTERPRISE- YOUR VOYAGES, THANKS TO SOME ASTOUNDING VIRTUAL REALITY. «J^J^- w . 1 ^ i! 3 ■ 51 - 1 ■ ■ -^-^ TANGLED UP IN BIG BLUE: DYLAN'S NEW HIGHWAY 61 INTERACTIVE CD-ROM FOR THE PC. ■ Computer Select Ziff Communications Do you need to research a computer product or get a feel for what's hot? Do you want to find the printed buzz on a par- ticular piece of hardware or software? Computer Select is the easiest way to search the full text of 28 computer magazines and abstracts from 1 10 other periodicals. Updated monthly. ■ Compton's Interactive Encyclopedia for Windows Compton's Learning Co. The best interactive encyclopedia keeps getting better. Maps, charts, animations, high-resolution pictures, and an easy-to-use interface bring the printed version's 32,000 articles to life. ■ Highway 61 Interactive Graphix Zone When you're lost in the rain in Juarez, and it's Easter time, too, turn on this disc to see just how good a CD-ROM can be. A Bob Dylan multimedia museum. ■ Mayo Clinic Family Health Book IVI Publishing Helps you understand anatomy, diseases, and health issues. Provides the full text of the 1 378-page printed version, plus 500 narrated illustrations. Uses animations and video clips to explain basic physiological concepts. Has a slick morph-like animation of human anatomy. ■ McGraw-Hill Science and Technical Reference Set, release 2.0 McGraw-Hill From the company that owns BYTE, this disc contains McGraw-Hill's Concise Encyclopedia of Science and Technology and the unabridged McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms. Your technical library just isn't com- plete without it. ■ Microsoft Bookshelf Microsoft Tons of information at your fingertips, with some of it illuminated by audio and graphics. Includes The American Heritage Dictionary, Roget s Thesaurus, World Almanac, The Hammond Intermediate World Atlas, the Concise Columbia Encyclopedia, and the Columbia Dictionary of Quotations. Updated annually. ■ Myst Broderbund Software A fantastic fantasy game with great graph- ics, animation, music, and entertaining (if diabolical) puzzles. The first CD to bring a new kind of art to our society. ■ Star Trek: The Next Generation Interactive Technical Manual Simon & Schuster Interactive Apple's QuickTime VR panoramic video technology lets you explore the starship Enterprise and the entire Federation as never before possible. ■ Taxi Middlegate Before you go to New York, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Chicago, and Washington, D.C., check out Taxi. It lets you create per- sonalized city maps for the above cities, in- cluding Zagat Survey reviews and ratings of hotels and restaurants. Information becomes more important when it's person- alized to your needs. 92 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 fc-a-, There's only one thing about our computer that's not in keeping with industry standards The performance Silicon *§p Graphics' Computer Systems M vp-i F& Indy Modeler. The affordable CAD/CAM/CAE solution. There's one computer in the market that runs all major CAD/CAM/CAE software, supports network standards like TCP/IP, Netware'" and NFS'" comes standard with SoftWindows* and innovative workgroup collaboration software, and gives you incredibly powerful 3D modeling performance. Indy Modeler'* So it's hardly surprising that it won the AIM Benchmark award for best price/ performance in its class. Indy Modeler runs all major software including Pro/Engineer,'" Pro/ JR.'." AutoCAD® R13, SDRC IDEAS Master Modeler." Matra Datavision- Prelude and MicroStation Modeler." For copies of the Indy Modeler brochure and video, and the name of your nearest reseller, call 1-800-636-8184, Dept. D44 0, or visit us on the World Wide Web at http://www.sgi.com/Works t* 199S Silicon Graphics. Inc. All rights reserved. Silicon Graphics is a registered trademark, and Indy, Indy Modeler and see what's possible are trademarks, of Silicon Graphics. Inc. Netware Is a trademark of Novell. NFS is a trademark of Sun Microsystems. SoftWindows is a trademark of Insignia. Pro/Engineer and Pro/JR are trademarks of Parameiric Technology Corporation. AutoCAD is a registered trademark of Autodesk. Inc. IDEAS Masrer Modeler is a trademark of SDRC. Microstatlon Modeler is a trademark of Bentley Systems. Inc. Screen image courtesy of Intergraph Corp. The New Texas Instruments IVavelMate™ L, • 75 MHz Pentium processor • Two Lithium ion battery • 10.4" Active Matrix or 10,5" Dual Scan displays • 524 Million bytes (=500MB) or 810 million bytes (= 772MB) Hard Disk Drives* • 8MB RAM, expandable to 32MB • 2MB Video memory • Multimedia package: Built-in 16-bil sound, internal speaker & dual mode microphone Pentium ■PROCESS OB Introducing The First Notebook Tb Maximize The Pentium Processor's Full Potential. PTZ? When the rush was on to introduce a notebook with a Pentium® processor, Texas Instruments decided to do what others thought couldn't be done. We created a notebook that maximizes Pentium performance by integrating/^// PCI bus architecture in our TravelMate 5000. And for flexible connectivity, we designed a way to allow external access from the PCI bus to the latest peripherals. It was a challenge we addressed for two simple reasons: to give users true desktop Pentium perior- al ~^X) ij mance for faster running software and expan- sion capabilities for investment protection. So now you have a notebook with smoother full-motion video and enhanced 3-D graphics. In addition, we designed the TravelMate 5000 to take advantage of the "plug and play" capa- bilities of Windows 95® when it becomes available. But our engineers didn't stop there. We added a second lithium ion battery without sacrificing size, weight or eliminating a floppy drive. In addition, wireless communication with other notebooks and desktops is very quick and easy with our integrated infrared capabilities. The TI TravelMate 5000. For more on what others thought you couldn't do with a notebook, call 1-800-TI-TEXAS (e-mail: 2ti@msg.ti.com or on the Internet: http://www.ti.com). EXTENDING YOUR REACH™ yf Texas Instruments Warranty may vary from country to country. Contact your local Tl office for details. Batteries and options are covered by a one year limited warranty. *Depending on model. TravelMate and "Extending Your Reach" are trademarks of Texas Instruments. Windows 95 is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. The Intel Inside Logo and Pentium are registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. © 1995 Tl. Circle 247 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 248). Reliable, Scalable Client/Server Communication. FirstClass Delivers — Now. Cd U w h b iVot only is Soft Arc's FirstClass client/server e-mail and groupware product available today — but it's used by more than three million people in twelve languages worldwide. Other electronic mail vendors are still struggling with client/server architectures. SoftArc's FirstClass has offered the industrial-strength messaging that sites like yours demand, combined with group collaboration and remote access ... all since 1991. FirstClass integrates full fledged electronic mail with workgroup discussion databases. Communicate elegantly with individuals or groups with the world's easiest, cross- platform graphical mail interface. FirstClass also offers access to enterprise databases, interface customization and outstanding remote connectivity ... all for the price of traditional e-mail. Finally, even after three million users sold, SoftArc continues to offer free technical support and unlimited free upgrades to registered owners of FirstClass. Discover why more and more organizations like yours have chosen FirstClass — a proven, real-world messaging infrastructure. haditionai e-mail doesn't address group For more information, or a free FirstClass demonstration package, call 1-800-SOFTARC r Advanced e-mail features, including auto-reply, message tracking and receipting T Mail and conference replication among multiple servers for distributed mail and group communication networks T Messages with multiple fonts, styles and colors in personal mail and conferences; unlimited file attachments in messages r Background searching of folders, conferences or whole of system P Multj'platform support optional — without costly network file servers or routers r Optional gateways to the Internet with full newsgroup and mail list replication within FirstClass conferences T Easy remote or local graphical administration with the same FirstClass client all others use r Support fordozens of modems for remote mail, conference and files access T Optional command-line access f or VT 1 00 text terminal users P Training available Administer multi-server FirstClass networks from a single location. Synchronize directories between sites. Add powerful Internet gateways for instant global communication. Offer news feeds or collaborative areas for workgroups. Connect with other mail systems and technologies, including faxes and PDAs 1995 MacLife Japan Grand Prize 1994 MacUser Best New Communication Product Finalist 1994 Datateknik Sweden Editor's Choice Networking Software 1994 MacUser UK Editor's Choice Networking Software 1 993 MacUser Best New Communication Product 1993 BYTE Award of Merit 1993 Macworld Germany E-Mail Product of The Year communication. Conferencing and groupware systems lack real e-mail. FirstClass offers both ... and more. BVTE Circle 262 on Inquiry Card, SoftArc Inc. Global Area Communications 1 902 Ridge Road, #325, West Seneca. New York. 1 4224 Phone; 905-4 1 5-7000 Fax: 905-4 15-7151 info@softarc.com Companies i SLIPPERY DISKS Plaid Brother! 1 s " J x w a r c ) PLAIDBROTHERS SOFTWARE SURFCAM* RE INCORPORATED SURFWARE. INC. Techie Founder Division Propel lerHead Software Two Nerds and a Suit TechnoJock Software, Inc. High Self-Esteem Division Famous Engineer Brand Software Right Answers, Inc. Simply Outstanding Software Divinely Inspired Division Exodus Software Promised Land Technologies, Inc. Software Heaven Natural Competitor Division Dragon Systems, Inc. DragonSlayer Systems Animal Division Groundhog Graphics, Inc. Gecko Group Grizzlyware What's the Concept? Division Paradigm Concepts, Inc. Treacyfaces, Inc. Bio-Plum, Inc. Home on the Range Division Whiskey Hill Software Double R Software, Inc. Rancho Technology, Inc. Clinton Administration Division A Igor, Inc. Hillary Software, Inc. PUNitive PUNishment Division Slippery Disks O'Pin Systems, Inc. CADapult, Ltd. Spelling Checker Division Konpyuta Software PS, Inc. Cykic Software, Inc. Aamazing Technologies, Inc. A Certain Life-Style Division Surf Ware, Inc. No-Brainer Software, Inc. Relax Technology Modesty Division Functional Software Plain Jayne Software, Inc. Working Software, Inc. New Words Division Mathemaesthetics, Inc. BehavHeuristics, Inc. Pectronics Corp. Science and Math Division 3rd Planet Software, Inc. Calculus, Inc. Entropy, Ltd. Literature Division Ozymandias Engineering Utopia Grokware, Inc. Bloomsbury Software Group, Inc. Mythology Division Odin Systems, Inc. Prometheus Products, Inc. THOR Computers Negative Connotations Division Glacier Software Screaming Technology, Inc. Missing Link Technologies Living Color Division Plaid Brothers Software Beige Bag Software Cobalt Blue, Inc. Fruit and Vegetable Division Electric Banana, Inc. Okra Marketing Corp. Radish Communications Systems, Inc. Mineral Division Night Diamonds Software Onyx Computing, Inc. Sapphire Systems, Inc. Uncategorizable Division Grumpfish, Inc. Boojum Computer Systems, Inc. Gunning Wordnology SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 97 PRESENTING THE PHOTON™ microQUI AT THE EMBEDDED SYSTEMS CONFERENCE Booth 1433 The Leading Realtime OS for PCs *2x SAVINGS .v; -fe V V - So you've chosen Intel® processors for your embedded systems. Smart choice, given the great variety of form factors, buses, and software support for non-desktop PCs. Now go with the leading realtime OS for PCs.* With QNX's successful 14 -year track record and huge installed base, you can count on a realtime OS that's been proven time after time in the real world. Embeddable GUI And if you're looking for a full-featured windowing system in a very small package (under 300 K), look no further than Photon,™ the world's first microkernel GUI for embedded systems. Scale it on the Fly As a modular, microkernel based OS, QNX lets you add or subtract modules to fit your platform — from PDAs up to worksta- tions equipped with X and TCP/IP You can start and stop modules at run time without rebooting your system! Even our runtime pricing is modular, so you pay for only the OS modules used in your target systems. Open Embedded Systems qnx is the certified POSIX OS that performs like a dedicated real- time executive. You get the rich API and tools of an open-systems OS, all in a scalable package that can fit on everything from tiny ROM-based systems to vast distributed LANs. You'll like the tighter, faster code you get with the Watcom C/C++ optimizing compiler. Not to mention the time you'll save with our distributed debugger, profiler, and trace analysis tools. Embedded and Distributed Beyond mere connectivity, QNX provides true distributed processing. Your embedded system can become part of a fault-tolerant network with resources you can control from any PC throughout the LAN. Whether you're doing remote debugging, or accessing X applications from a PDA, it's all remarkably easy with QNX. From PC/104 to PCMCIA mummh QNX runs on several buses — PC/104, STD, STD 32, VME — and embedded PCs from Adastra, Ampro, Octagon, Xycom, Radisys/Teknor, VMIC, WinSystems, and Ziatech. We also support the i386EX processor, as well as industry standards such as PCI and PCMCIA. To find out more about the leading realtime OS for PCs, contact us at info@qnx.com or http://www.qnx.com or call 800-6? '6-0566. (extension 1007) J Leading in Experience (Realtime os for PCs since 1981) 1 Leading in innovation (Microkernel distributed OS for PCs since 1984) Leading in Market Share (QNX outsells every other realtime OS for PCs) QNX Software Systems Ltd., 175 Terence Matthews Crescent, Kanata, Ontario, Canada K2M 1VV8 Voice: 613-591-0931 Fax: 613-591-3579 Email: info@qnx.oom Web: www.qnx.com Europe: 17 Bishops Court, Church Road, Bishopstoke, Hampshire, S050 6PL, England Voice: (+44) 1703 611800 Fax: (+44) 1703 641153 Email: QNXeurope@qnx.com ♦According to a recent report by Emerging Technologies Group, QNX has "the largest realtime operating system marketshare in the Intel© 80X86 marketplace." © QNX Software Systems Ltd. 1995. QNX is a registered trademark and Photon is a trademark of QNX Software Systems Ltd. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. Circle 238 on Inquiry Card. Which of the 5000 computer companies got us where we are today? Here are the top 20. ■ Adobe Systems As if inventing and commercializing PostScript weren't enough, Adobe also de- veloped most of the tools of the desktop publishing revolution: Photoshop, Illustrator, and, of course, scalable fonts; and it acquired Aldus PageMaker, the pro- gram that practically defined desktop page layout. Adobe's influence in document production has grown from the desktop to the prepress shop. It has also reached into other creative domains: Its Premiere video- editing suite could be the training studio for the Martin Scorseses of digital cinema. John Warnock and Charles Geschke have been steering the company through the foggy nightscape of electronic documents. Whether or not Acrobat will become the interchangeable document standard, as PostScript did for printing, it has made a permanent mark on desktop publishing and computer graphics. ■ Apple Computer This might be something to argue about, but you could make a good case that Apple has had more influence on personal computing than any other company. Who personifies the industry, the culture of per- sonal computing, more than Woz the elec- tronics whiz and Jobs the dynamo salesman — the engineer and the entrepre- neur — hopping with ideas, quitting their clay jobs, working in a garage, and selling a VW microbus to finance the company? The affordable Apple II turned thousands of people on to computing. Then came the Mac, f oryears the computer that Intel-based PCs wanted to be when they grew up, with its graphical interface, built- in networking, and plug-and-play design. As it's done for nearly 20 years — something very few clone makers can say — Apple continues to influence the state of personal computing. ■ AT&T Its attempts to build personal computers have never been anything to call home about. (Can you remember the PC 6300? Did you ever even hear of it?) But AT&T has contributed three things of monumental importance to computing: Unix, the phone system, and the cumulative genius of the researchers at Bell Labs. Even those tedious "You Will" ads can't overshadow these significant accomplishments. ■ Autodesk CAD on a personal computer? You've got to be kidding. But John Walker and his 1 2 programming disciples weren't. When they started Autodesk in 1 982, their objective was a PC software package that would pro- vide 80 percent of the functionality of a mainframe CAD system at 20 percent of the price. Later that year, they shipped AutoCAD. It couldn't do everything a mainframe program could, but it was good for the kinds of things most designers do. Plus, it was affordable — you no longer had to be Boeing to have a CAD system. Today, with a million copies sold and versions across all major platforms, AutoCAD is the uncontested champ of desktop CAD. Other companies have built better, easier-to-use, less expensive CAD programs — but every AN ARTIST'S REPRESENTATION DF MICROSOFT HEADQUARTERS (IT COULDN'T BE REAL-IT'S NOT RAINING). HARVARO UNIVERSITY, MIT, AND THE TASTY: ALL CONTRIBUTING PEOPLE AND KNOWLEOGE TO LOTUS. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 99 MostJmpoitant EoniDa one of them has one thing in common: the AutoCAD file format. More than anything, that says Autodesk defined PC CAD. ■ Borland International In 1 983, a year of major announcements — the XT, NetWare, Windows — one of the biggest splashes, a Pascal compiler for $49.95, was made by this obscure company. Turbo Pascal wasn't just cheap. It was fast, and it was good. With one successful ad in BYTE, Turbo Pascal launched Borland into the stratosphere of micro soft- ware companies. More important, it made Pascal programming affordable. Borland killed the notion that languages and programming tools had to be expensive to be good. In 1987, with Quattro Pro, they did the same for spreadsheets, substantially undercutting theprice of Lotus 1-2-3. Maybe Borlandshould have concentrated SILICON VALLEY'S NUMBER ONE AMUSEMENT PARK: THREE FLAGSOVER CUPERTINO. ARMONK? WHOEVER HEARD OF HEADQUARTERING A COMPANY IN ARMONK? FOR THAT MATTER, WHOEVER HEARO OFARMDNK? on programming tools — like its recent Delphi — instead of getting caught up in price warsandLotus lawsuits. Regardless, Borland tools have been adopted by a gen- eration of developers, and the company's impact on software prices has been good for users. ■ Commodore International Commodore's role as a personal computing pioneer is sadly overshadowed by its busi- ness failures. But along with Apple and Tandy, it was one of the 1977 Trinity: the three companies who brought out ready-to- run PCs. The Commodore PET had a built- in monitor, a tape drive, and a bargain price of $795. Then came the VIC-20, the indus- try's first million seller. No wonder; it was a color computer that cost less than $300. The string of hits continued with the Commodore 64. Not only was it possibly the biggest seller of all time, it was the first with a synthesizer chip. Then, in 1985, came the world's first multimedia PC: the Amiga, a classic example of a product ahead of its time. Besides design innovations, Commodore's other big con- tribution can be summarized by the slogan of its founder, JackTramiel: ''Computers for the masses, not the classes." ■ Compaq Computer Houston, Texas, February 1982: Three men sit in the House of Pies kicking around a product idea. A year later, their newfound company would ship the Compaq Portable. (They shipped 53,000 of them that year.) The computer in the famous sewing machine case could run all the software de- velopedforthe IBM PC. It became the benchmark of PC compatibility. Because of its dedication to solid engineering, Compaq also became the benchmark of quality. Even True Blue shops learned to trust the brand. Compaq made it OK to buy a clone. Other clones sold for less, but if you bought a Compaq, you knew you didn't have to hold your breath and cross your fingers every Tandy introduced its TRS-80 Model III. The U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the public has a right to attend criminal trials. . * time you fired up Lotus 1 -2-3. Plus, you could carry the thing home. (Does that mean we should blame Compaq for the ex- tension of the workday?) Did those three guys in the pie shop know how big their PC clone idea would become? ■ CompuServe Much of what we expect on an on-line ser- vice, we expect because we saw it on CompuServe: forums, vendor support, free software, newswires, and E-mail to every- where; business and personal services; reli- able global communication; and most recently, access to the Internet. CompuServe turned the switch on-line in 1979 and now claims more than 2.5 million users. For a good portion of the PC public, CompuServe is what it thinks of when it thinks of going on-line. ■ Digital Equipment Corp. If DEC founder Ken Olsen had had his way, the company probably wouldn't be on this list. After all, this is the man who said, es- sentially, that the destiny of home com- puters was in the closet. Despite Olsen's antiquarian contrarian attitude, Digital made some significant contributions to personal computing — especially network- ing in academic environments. Once it acknowledged the personal computer as a business machine, it proceeded whole- heartedly to produce superb networking equipment; today, it's a leading hub vendor. Digital also helped advance Ethernet and FDDI, and it developed the spanning tree bridging algorithm that many large com- panies used to build their enterprise lOO BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Finally, a rackmount that's right on the money. »wh The Info To Mel g> 1995, Texas Micro, Inc. ValuePto is a trademark of Texas Micro. Pentium is a trademark of Intel Corp. The ValuePro Rackmount Very Affordable. ValuePro rackmounts aim high on performance, and are right on target with prices you can afford. Choose from 16 models which feature a variety of Pentium'" or 80486 CPU cards, with a host of other features that make , Fax this ad directly , , n ~ . . . A i w , r, • • i to: 71 3-541 -8226. We'll standard PCs miss the mark. And ValuePro prices are right show you how ValuePro rackmounts are right on target! on the money, too. For information on ValuePro rackmounts, or our other products for industrial computing, contact us today. 1 -800-627-8700 Fax: 713-541-8226«Phone: 713-541-8200 •E-mail: sales@texmicro.com Visit us on the web: http://www.texmicro.com Circle 272 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 273). A Sequoia Company Hwte networks before multiprotocol routers be- gan to adopt other algorithms. ■ IBM Why does everyone make fun of IBM's fail- ures? It's the butt of more jokes than Rodney Dangerfield's wife. But in 1981, the computing giant brought out the IBM PC. IBM might as well have called it the DFS, for de facto standard. If that doesn't earn the company a place in history, then consider these inventions: the Winchester disk drive, the floppy disk drive, and the laser printer. In some ways, you might also put Microsoft on IBM's list of inventions. ■ Intel All those millions of x86 chips; the domi- nant computing architecture; the Pentium franchise. Any questions? ■ Lotus Development People thought it was crazy when upstart Lotus announced it was bringing out a spreadsheet program. VisiCalc was king. But Lotus had a good idea — combining worksheet, calculation engine, and graphics functions into one product. And Lotus had the brilliance to go after the next big thing instead of fighting for the current big thing. That next big thing was the IBM PC. Lotus developed its spreadsheet program for IBM's machine, not the Apple 11. Smart move. For the next decade, Lotus owned the spreadsheet market. Even though com- petitors have taken away a big share, those competing products all look suspiciously like Lotus 1 -2-3. Whetheror not Lotus can dominate with its innovative Notes software remains to be seen (IBM surely thinks so), but its investment in this group- ware technology shows traces of the foresight that inspired the creation of Lotus 1-2-3. ■ Microsoft Once upon a time, these two guys wrote a version of BASIC for microcomputers. Then they acquired this OS, which they renamed MS-DOS. Then they made this once-in-a-lifetime deal with IBM. Then they sold millions of copies of Windows. Then they ruled the world. The End. ■ Motorola Galvin Manufacturing Corp. helped make car radios ubiquitous in the 1930s. Forty years later, under the name it used to brand those mobile radios — Motorola — the com- pany helped make semiconductors ubiqui- tous. Its 6800 chip inspired the inexpensive 6502 (developed by ex-Motorola engineers who had defected to MOS Technology) that Steve Wozniak picked to be the brain of his new computer. Later, Motorola's influence was more direct: Apple could afford the 68000 series for the Macintosh. ■ Novell Other companies also came up with software to connect personal computers, but Novell was smart enough to design an open network OS with hooks. It was willing to work with other parties to enhance the system. While partners were developing extra goodies, Novell focused on the core OS. It got out of the hardware business and concentrated on its sure thing: connectivity software. The result is NetWare's position as the king of NOSes (network OSes), the means by which millions of PCs are connected. ■ Shugart/Seagate When Shugart Associates brought out its 5-MB 5/4-inch hard drive in 1 980, the com- pany started something as big as the drive's capacity seemed to be: theideathat person- al computer users could have their own massive storage device, right there, at a rea- sonable price. Five megabytes — how could you ever fill that much space? Four years earlier, Shugart had introduced another breakthrough: the 5/4-inch minifloppy for $390. The company also originated the con- cept that became SCSI; in 1 979, it proposed a general-purpose expansion bus called Shugart Associates System Interface, which eventually became an ANSI standard known as SCSI-1. Alan Shugart went on to head Seagate, today one of the leading makers of hard disks. Seagate has continued the Shugart tradition of innovations in storage technolo- gy. By the end of this year, you' 11 be able to buy a 1 -GB drive for $300. This kind of low-cost, high-capacity storage is the lega- cy of Shugart and his engineering team at Shugart Associates. ■ Sun Microsystems Sun set out in 1 982 with an objective that the big guys scoffed at: to build powerful, affordable, personal workstations for scien- tists andengineers. And it was going to build them from off-the-shelf parts and use a powerful OS with available source code — Berkeley Unix. Early on, Sun realized the importance of built-in networking. And its SPARC architecture is one of the most suc- cessful RISC designs in history. Although it has seen competition from high-end PCs, Sun has responded by steadily pushing down the costs of its workstations. It must be doing something right. Today, Sun con- trols at least a third of the workstation mar- ket, and its systems are finding lots of work as Internet servers. ■ Tandy Tandy was one of the three companies to ship a ready-to-run personal computer in 1 977 (along with Apple and Commodore). The TRS-80 came with a monitor and 3L02 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Budget-pleasing prices If you love PCs but hate the high price tags on top peripherals, MaxTech is for you. Unmatched quality. Eye- popping price-value features. Economy and great perfor- mance on modems, notebooks, networking products, monitors — everything you need to power up on-line. MaxTech award winning products deliver the very best of what you want at prices you can afford. The MaxTech family of products has something for evei"y PC lover. Voice fax and DSVD modems with speeds up to 28.8 Kbps, PCMCIA cards, the exclusive MaxTech Yesbook™ modular notebook computer, a full line of eth- ernet products including HUBs, NIC cards and trans- ceivers, and color monitors from 9" to 21". The list goes on, the prices stay low and MaxTech quality shines through on every purchase you make. © 1995 MaxTech Corp. All brand names are Lhe properly of their respective holders. Circle 278 on Inquiry As one of the world's largest OEMs, MaxTech has been part of many of the best-selling PC brands for over 17 years. OEM manufacturers know MaxTech delivers reliable, high quality and affordable products. Now you know it too. Look for the full line of MaxTech personal computing products at your favorite com- puter store now. For more information call 1-800-9FOR-MAX YOUR CVC CONNECTION Manufacturer of award winning products since 1978 Modems • Monitors • Motherboards Notebooks • Networking products Card (RESELLERS: 279). n ^ A m& 6 Microsoft BASIC, so you could start programming right away. Tandy's large retail network helped establish personal computers as products you could buy any- where. All you had to do was walk into one of the 3000 Radio Shack stores with $600 in hand. Although some of the company's ex- ecutives couldn't see it, true believers at Tandy knew that computers were most powerful when in the hands of individuals. TheTRS-80 was one of the seeds that grew into the PC industry. The little wonder known as the Model 1 00 could be safely de- scribed as one of the first laptops. By build- ing low-cost machines, and with help from its enthusiastic, gospel-spreading users, Tandy helped popularize microcomputing. ■ WordPerfect OK, so it doesn't score well on the Vision- O-Meter. Four years after Michael Shrayer invented Electric Pencil, the first word pro- cessor for micros, and a year after Seymour Rubinstein came out with WordStar for the PC, WordPerfect (then called Satellite Software) was working on a word processor for Data General machines. When the com- pany woke up to the personal computing phenomenon, it apparently didn't sleep again for years — too busy bringing out new versions for multiple platforms and grabbing market share in a crowded market. WordPerfect grew to be the world's domi- nant word processor, with an impressive user base estimated at 5 million. ■ Xerox PARC Thisplaceoughtto becalledBrainiac City. Xerox's PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) has been home to some of the most brilliant scientists and idea generators in computing. Many products we take for granted today started out as concepts in the mind of a PARC scientist — e.g., the graphical inter- face, networking, the book-size computer, bit-mapped displays, and visually oriented programming languages. Today, PARC con- tinues exploring new ways of using and op- erating computers as well as experimenting with very-high-resolution screens, environ- ments that imitate physical space, and user interfaces radically different from the PARC-bred point-and-click approach. MiNUTBDMUN> 1-800-238-7272 Para Systems, Inc. 1455 LeMay Drive Carrollfon, Texas 75007 214/446-7363 Fax: 214/446-9011 Product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. nart purchasing decisions are made sed on facts, whether you're lying a car or a UPS. Before you ly a UPS, take a few seconds to ike the comparison yourself. The :ts will show that Minuteman's liance Series provides more featu r less money. 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Fido just made a »«~W wca ' ol( t of sonic essential ^^ drawings. Fortunately, Frame Maker can import directly from the architect's workstation, since it supports popular CAD, graphic, and word pro- ssing file formats. It even runs on platforms like Macintosh, ' UNIX, and Windows. CORPORATE MANUAL ACME MAR !""*■ Busi>iess was booming, ^£2ft 5-pl ate infor- mation created in FrameMaker or other applications. JIM* Suddenly Acme bad ^B a need to communicate online— to save time, paper, and even a few trees. So tney used FrameViewcr" for instant online distribution with no additional post- processing or conversion required, ft even supports Frame Maker's automat- ically generated hypertext links. V ^tW Soon Acme had its ^^ very own Web site to help disseminate company information to employ- ees and customers all over the world. So naturally, Acme made extensive use of I'rameMaker 's new III ML export capabilities. Now all its material could be pub- lished directly to the Internet. O IW5 Frame TccUiL^f Gjiptnatimi. All tigkb nsmwl. Frame, FnmeMaki; frame TocWJugy! anil llw fcow l.-c mm} INTRODUCING NEW ERAMEMER RELEASE 5. Why is it that your most critical documents are in a constant; state or ilux? 1 hey get revised, reorganized, and redistributed, over and over again. It's as ir they've taken on a lire or their own. • 1 hey 're what we call living documents, and they're what FrameMaker® does best. FrameMaker literally automates and manages the entire document publishing process — word pro- cessing, page layout, organization, and distribution. For publication on paper, on screen, or even onto the Internet, FrameMaker does it all. • Haven't you and your documents lived long enough without FrameMaker? Call l-800-U4-FR/\ME Ext. 640 today for our free demo disk* and get a reel lor how FrameMaker works. 1 hen cruise by our web site at http://www.rrame.com. And make FrameMaker an integral part or the lire cycle ol your documents. |> 1^ A AA I" rv mfrlLwl Imimnt* ami FranwAVww \$ a Irnkmaife .J' Frame TkW.li.gy C<*jwn»Uiui [11 haape, call « 181 606 4100, "l\iw« <&£. roaMJe in Madni^l. W fcWs formats iwk Circle 224 on Inquiry Card. An Idea Without R&D Simply Won't Fly. At Advanced Micro Devices, we champion ideas that make a difference to our customers. Ideas were willing to back with over $1.2 billion in research and development in the past live years alone. Which means customers lor our personal computer and communications microchips can rest assured that when they buckle up and taxi down the runway with AMD, their performance curves are going to soar. These days, you simply can't aiford to invest in a computer or communications system unless it has the power to launch you into the future. That's why we will continue to invest our resources in one vision: If it's a good idea. If it makes a difference. Run witli it. AMD! 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MS mouse • Tower Case 300 Watt *3989 *9399 $ 6895 $5333 RAID 5 Solutions redundant power supplies Hot Swappable Drives all solutions upgradable 12GB 7200RPM SCSI $6250 20GB 7200RPM SCSI $8500 50GB 5400RPM SCSI $28055 100GB 5400RPM SCSI $39500 Storage Solutions 9GB 4GB 4GB 2GB 2GB 96GB SCSI SCSI 7200RPM SCSI- WIDE 7200RPM SCSI 7200RPM SCSI-WIDE 7200 RPM 4MM TAPE LIBRARY INT. EXT. $2000 $2125 $1075 $1175 $1115 $1240 $820 $920 $854 $980 $4000 We Only Build Custom Solutions! Call for Pricing. 1.800.989.3475 SAG ELECTRONICS • 451 ANDOVER STREET • NORTH ANDOVER. MA 01845 • 508-682-0055 • FAX 508-689-0180 HOURS: 8:30AM-8:00PM, MONDAY-FRIDAY GSA SCHEDULE PENDING Circle 263 on Inquiry Card. California garages again store cars and junk, not computer research labs as they did in the halcyon days of Woz and Jobs. Today, the myths may be tamer, but the pace of innovation hasn't changed. Here are the major technologies of the past 20 years. ■ Microkernel OSes Proprietary OSes and closed hardware platforms were the reality when the goal was heterogeneous computing. Microkernel OSes burst these constraints with modern, modular OS cores that helped developers build applications faster and port software to a range of hosts without taking a performance hit. Programmers can build new functions into a system by mixing and matching code modules at run time. NextStep introduced these ideas to the commercial world with its Mach-kernel variation, which controlled memory and process management as well as interprocess com- munications. Carnegie Mellon University's Mach 3.0 now provides the underpinnings for IBM, the OSF, and Taligent's OS development. Microsoft's NT also borrows from the microkernel approach for smoother porting to Intel, Mips, and Alpha-based systems. Similarly, Apple's upcoming Copland release coalesces around a compact microkernel. ■ Structured Query Language (SQL) How can telemarketers be sure they'll find your num- ber the minute the dinner hour strikes? SQL is one essential tool, thanks to its ability to handle sets of data. SQL provided a way for interacting with relation- al databases, and it works with standard programming languages. For years, the burden for database manage- ment fell on individual users, until 1969, when E. F. Codd, then at IBM, developed his relational theory of data, which addressed data structure, integrity, and manipulation. However, it wasn't until the mid-1 970s that elements of his theories gained industry acceptance via SQL in Oracle and DB2. ■ Ethernet We were so busy joking about when the Year of the LAN would finally come that we didn't realize when it had already happened. The key? Fast, easy-to-install Ethernet networks. Ethernet was visionary because it defined a network capable of 1 0-Mbps data rates before we needed that speed. Defined by Dr. Robert Metcalfe at Xerox PARC (Palo Alto Research Center), it took the combined efforts of Xerox, DEC, and Intel to turn Ethernet into a commercially viable standard. The version 1.0 specification arrived in September 1 980. Two years later, version 2.0 addressed problems related to large networks, reliability, cost, and otheris- sues. Changestothespecification included electrical signaling, cable types, connectors, packet formats, CSMA/CD and back-off algorithms, CRC (cyclic- redundancy check) calculation, and system timing. PEOPLE CAN'T MEMORIZE COMPUTER INDUSTRY ACRONYMS. PLAIN BOX, FANCY PARALLEL ARCHITECTURE. YOUCANBENO IT, SPINDLE IT, AND EVEN MUTILATE ITBY APPLYING RULES ANDTRIGGERS. IT'S E-MAIL, THE EPISTOLARY TOOL FOR THE 1990S. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 109 ■a List #.10.. Predictions for the Year 2DDD On the "Killer App" "A 'killer app' that takes over all of computerdom no longer exists, because computerdom is so big that even a large thing like the Web is still such a small piece. ..I think a killer application [today] is usually defined as something that takes a new configuration of hardware and makes it viable." —Dan Bricklin, VisiCalc inventor On Mobile Computing "Mobile wireless computers are like mobile pipeless bathrooms— portapotties. They will be common on vehicles, construction sites, and rockconcerts. My advice is to wire up yourhome and stay there. Use in- formation highways to let you stay home with your kids, not to make you more of a road warrior." — Bob Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet On Programming "I've never been too good at predicting the future, but I can tell you what I wish wouldhappen. I want soft- ware tools to become more literate and readable by peopleotherthan the programmer.. .1 hope there will be a Pulitzer prize for the best writing of a computer program . . There may be new tools to help nonprofes- sional programmers write programs, but programming is never going to be simple." —Donald Knuth, TeX inventor On Voice Recognition "I believe that voice recognition will become more important in the future but only for trivial functions. TheproblemisthatspokenEnglish isterribly impre- cise, even when used by experts. ..I cannot imagine a more efficient interface for complicated tasks than a combination of mouse pointing and a standard keyboard." —Thomas Kurtz, BASIC inventor On Wishful Thinking Q: If you could get in the time machine and go back and change one thing that's happened in the history of computing, what would it be? A: "I would have writ- ten a BASIC interpreter for the first PCs." — Bob Metcalfe, inventor of Ethernet On PDAs In five years, PDAs will become a useful product be- cause of the rapid increase in processing power, their ability to handle cross-platform data, and the commu- nications infrastructure that will be in place. — David Nagel, Apple On "Intelligent Agents" "The computer as intelligent agent is not in our future; we haven't even achieved a Congress of intelligent agents after 200 years of trying. Instead, the computer for the twenty-first century will be the computer that stays out of your way, gets out of your desktop and into your clothing, connects you with people instead of with itself." —Mark Weiser, Xerox PARC On Computer Interfaces "The new things will be highly related to communica- tion. ..Anthropomorphic-type appearances on-screen that are appealing, engaging." —Bill Gates, Microsoft "We'll continue to see some ill-fated attempts, like Microsoft's Bob and the Japanese Friend 2000 project, to animate the computer." —Mark Weiser, Xerox PARC "The PC operating systems are not going to be innova- tive ground for user interfaces. If you look at a lot of the CD-ROM products, they don't use the PC's user interface, they just make up their own. So maybe that's going to be some of the ground for the advances." — Steven Jobs, Next On Schools "I think we are going to expand a lot beginning with the schools thataremore up on things, more the leaders. The keyboarding classes are going to [become . . .] classes that really teach about the guts of the computer... I think [we'll see] topics in schools teaching... how to use it... [and] how to get from one place to another." —Steve Wozniak, inventor, lots of stuff Ethernetdefined physical media and connections as well as how data, described as frames, is transferred across a LAN. (Very slight differences in how frames are defined separate the official IEEE 802.3 specification from the de facto Ethernet standard.) ■ Client/Server Networks It's the tie that binds our desktop computers to the processing power, data, and resources of entire organizations. The architecture is the foundation for keeping a business running even if one component crashes. Client/server computing is also the means for technical democratization: We can choose the hardware and software that's best for us ratherthan declaring allegiances to a particular vendor. Without it, the mobile workers would remain a step behind office-bound comrades in having access to company resources; collaborative work- groups would still be defined by geographical proximity. ■ DSPs What makes an application really sing? Lurking somewhere under thecovers of audio, video, voice, and other multimedia applications are DSPs (digital signal processors). Modern versions of this vener- able technology benefit from new chips and multitasking software that let DSPs simul- taneously handle two or more processes. HO BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 WHERE DO YOU WANT TO GO TO DAY 7 Good question Microsoft. C^- Evolving standards will make DSP ap- plication development easier, while gener- al-purpose OSes, including Windows 95, are expected to include DSP programming interfaces, which couldpush DSPs further into traditional markets. In the future, digital hard drives will likely rely on DSP- powered drive controllers to process signals from the disk. ■ Floppy Disks Like the proverbial 2-cent bolt that can ground a 767, how could we have worked without the lowly floppy disk? It has given us an inexpensive way to distribute applica- tions and data. Floppies also gave uncon- Faster Faster ETHERNET, DISK DRIVES. MICROPROCESSORS. RAPID APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT pie Edit ¥iew Create fiction? ffindow Jj e | p — r: ' * * - - ■ _)Fo Hm Q \U Docurgrtil 2 JJ By Doofwn ~\/f* CSJBySm -U ByDataHodfied JJByPis^a Q FSEOemo Scrip* > [CanLnlus Becoma the GanBral Motors cri Sortufare? Lotus Devetopmsn) Coip/s metamorphosis in the 1990s has been driven bylhree tore phenomena - growth byacquisiton. independent but cnordinaiedpiodiictlines and e dntamnned focus A wondsr of the ea/ry 1980s, its attempts to expand beyond a one-pro dud identify in (he lata 19flSsganera)iy failed By 1991. mp."iy outsiders, looking at Lohis'lnobiliyio elfectK.«ymove ontoWndows. consideredwtitSng Ihe company oB es a long-term pleyer. is stock bottoming b< snoe did LoUji take that led to ite ib The mind of the corporation, the soul reengineering: Groupware. of nected workgroups "sneakernets," inelegant but essential hacks in the pre- networked world. The Internet, WANs, and CD-ROMs may be cutting into the floppy's territory. And the world probably already has enough floppies in circulation — we just need to reformat all thedisks stashed in desk drawers and file cabinets. But before you think floppies are obsolete, break the shrinkwrap on Microsoft's Office Pro- fessional 4.3: The collection of programs is still available on 31 disks. ■ Software Components How do you implement custom applications quickly and not bust your operations budget? Plug in a component — those reusable, binary software objects that extend OSes by addressing specific needs. For Windows and the Mac, there are already OCXes (OLE controls); and components are also reshaping the various implementa- tions of Unix and OS/2. ■ The Mouse Like God and Man touching fingertips in Michelangelo's Creation, n o other periph- eral has done more to symbolically link computers with our humanness. Forget touch-typing or even hunt and peck; the mouse provided a way for computers to become accessible for millions of people. The original design dates back to the Stanford Research Institute and Douglas Engelbart's 1963 wooden prototype. In 1 982, Mouse Systems introduced the first commercial mouse (a three-button design) for the IBM PC. The Apple mouse, originally for the Lisa, and Microsoft's mouse, with two buttons, came a year later. Today, the basic structure of interacting with our computers, whether Macintosh, Windows, or Unix, hinges on the mechani- cal or optical strains of this peripheral. ■ GUIs The second component in humanizing how we interact with computers, modern GUIs U \Er\RS S5S A new Seiko wristwatch computer lets you enter data with a separate Hershey bar-size keyboard. An unemployed security guard kills 20 people at a McDonald's in San Ysidro. California. ^«&>:zz&*~ trace their roots to PARC (Palo Alto Research Center) research and the Xerox Star. GUI features introduced successfully in 1984 with Apple's Macintosh (e.g., win- dows, point-and-shoot menus, program and file icons, dialog boxes, and other now-fa- miliar elements) let us manage our electron- ic desktops to suit our individual desires. ■ Hard Drives The peripheral that taught us that too much is never enough. The fixed disk drive became a staple of microcomputers, thanks to its fast data access and transfer speeds. The technology never stood still. We're now getting gigabytes of storage space in petite form factors. In recent years, hard drives have increased data densities at an annual rate of about 60 percent. Magneto- resistive heads are leading the next charge by providing greater areal density than thin film or ferrite-inductive heads. Lower seek times, caching optimizations, and higher spin rates push performance even more. In the future, the digital read channel may double the amount of information we can jam onto drive platters. ■ Laser Printers These fast, trusty machines have done more to impede the paperless office than any other peripheral. Once laser beams began to transfer images into toner on a 112 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Butwhat about tomorrow? Ask Windows users where they want to go today, and their answer is likely to be this: Windows 95. It is, after all, a ~^ major advance in the state of Windows --^4, computing. And it does, finally, bring some of the innovations pioneered by Apple in 1984 to the PC desktop of 1995. PC by 63% on average. When running scientific While other PC manufacturers are still struggling to get CDs to load Macintosh users can create their own multimedia, work in 3-D, surf the Internet and see what's real about virtual reality. Today. That's great, today. But where, one has to ask, is desktop computing going tomorrow? And is moving to Windows 95 really the right way to get there? The future of computing. In a word, it's multimedia. Microsoft and Intel say it's the future. So do we. The difference is, we deliver that future today. To see what we mean, simply turn a Power Mac ,u on. When you do, you can not only get down to work (or play) with the CD-ROM of your choice, you can also start using 3-D graphics. You can talk to your Mac!" And have it recognize your command. You can videoconference across continents. You can even dive into virtual reality." All at the touch of a few keys and the click of a mouse. ter ■■» Thepowertodoit. To do all this, you need power. And the best way to get it is with a PowerMac. In recent tests, for example, the RrSC-based Power Macintosh'" 9500 outperformed a '.; Because Power Mac computers are based on the blistering fast PowerPC RISC chip, they have power to spare for tomorrow's advanced applications like inter- 120 MHz Pentilim-prOCeSSOr-based active media and virtual reality. and technical apps, the performance advantage J jumped to 80%. And for graphics, the Power Mac was more than twice as fast!* Eleven years after it was first introduced, Macintosh is still the only personal The easiest way to get there, computer hi the wrid designed from tte start as a seamless integration of Q COUl'Se, all the raw power in the hardware and software. world is worthless if you can't use it. That's why every new Mac includes an innovative help system that doesn't just answer your questions, but shows you what to do, where to click and what to type to get things done. And why we make it so easy to create Internet connections, install new software and set up entire new networks from scratch. More choices than ever. Tbday, every new Macintosh" can read and write DOS and Windows disks. But our compatibility goes further than tei^jiMSKiDM that. The Power Macintosh 6100/66 DOS Compatible includes both a 66 MHz 486 chip and j^r\o n 4.-M c i a Rise-based PowerPC chip, DOS Compatible, for example, runs making if the most compat- ible computer you can find, thousands or DOS and Windows appli- cations, in addition to thousands of programs for Macintosh. And our new Power Mac systems accept standard PCI cards. In the future, Apple innovations will further break down the barriers between cross-platform collaboration. Distinc- tions between the platforms themselves will diminish. Even the boundaries between applications will blur. All of which will add up, once again, to the most important kind of power of all. The power to be your best" To learn more about Macintosh power today, and tomor- row, visit us on the Internet today at http://www.apple.com. t < li u, ii ' » l Rji i ' > t ,!> I n, I I II, ,n l> ' 'I t i i\'\trjt I nrhl' , i ' ' ' s i \ ) t i i h ,f '; ; \" t \i t t I l , tl U I I Milan!',;!! mid ■'fhet-ouer .'" heymr I t t> i 1 i 1 1 t 1 in <<(.\;p!c i:,m;>:i!e!: inc i I r V i n i Minm!> > Irademiirh ■ •■/ ,[/■/.,',■ t '■■'!:;'u!< >: ii;e !'•* it is a I i * » >> > ' it Mad'u:,^ l r i I i it under I > tbenfmm. "Where dn \ on wan! to go Unlay'" is a trademark of 'Micro*,]} G>r:><>ritt:tm. . !.'/ Muc;tit,sb Computer.-, are designed k, lh ticce.^ibte to md;: iduaU u sib disability. ■ fe* IME I TopT20 IP P h n n ni i n i no v luu n no 11 up t ;■' ■fe ni H jm& mm 4Mk mm\ a w -■# .^' 1 m^M L ML ZU Won st Acronv rms piece of paper, it became hard to resist A survey reveals the alphabetic combinations BYTE readers dread most. By far the most disliked is PCMCIA. producing hard-copy documents with as many fonts as wecouldlay our hands on. During the 1 980s, high prices helped sup- press our paper urge: 300-dpi laser printers sold for $3000 and up, while 600-dpi lasers ATM Give up? File and Print RISC VESA started at $ 1 8,000 before going out of sight. Best guess: High- Service for NetWare Best guess: Would Best guess: Credit Even so, the printers helpedfuel new ap- speed communications they name a car The card; traveling papers plications like desktop publishing. Now, technology, Adobe Type FTP Liability? Give up? Video 300 dpi is under $1000. Manager, or cash dis- Best guess: Gasoline Give up? Reduced- Electronics Standards penser additive instruction-set computer Association ■ LCDs Give up? Asynchronous Give up? File transfer The feather weight, sleekness, and low transfer mode protocol SCSI WAIS power consumption of LCDs made mobile Best guess: The next Best guess: computing practical. As the technology BLOB ISV big thing after grunge Pronounced "ways"? advanced from the netherworld look of Best guess: Cheesy Best guess: Medical Give up? Small com- "way-is"? "wah-is"? passive matrix to dual-scan and large-pro- sci-fi monster tubing puter system interface Give up? Wide Area duction-run active-matrix, we were able to Give up? Binary large Give up? Independent Information Servers travel with the same GUI-based applica- objects software vendor SOHO tions we enjoyed on our desktop instead of Best guess: Favorite WYSIWYG packing stripped-down applications. CORBA MIME spot of werewolves of Best guess: Harpo Best guess: Rikki Best guess: Street London Marx's hairpiece ■ Software Agents Tikki Tavi's serpentine performer-induced desire Give up? Small Give up? What you see Finding data, organizing our schedules, nemesis, spelled sideways to flee office/home office is what you get teaching us to use new software applica- Give up? Common Give up? Multipurpose tions, planning our vacations — software Object Request Broker Internet Mail Extensions SQL agents deliver what we've always wanted: Architecture OOBE Best guess: Hollywood technique for CSMA/CD Best guess: Fearthat capitalizing on success lAffipfi'f' LJ n i rinnt 1 iTTfi it n f\ vn Best guess: Befuddlement speaker is about to break into old Roy Orbison Give up? Structured Query Language WOrSl H6| pen uiTenoers Give up? Carrier-sense novelty tune (i.e., "Oobie "The acronyms in most CS, IT, and MIS want ads. 1 have a mas- multiple access/collision Doobie") TCP/IP ter's degree in CS an d still can't read these ads." detection Give up? Out-of-box experience Best guess: Oh you do, do you? — software engineer in Bozeman, MT FAT Give up? Transmission The telecomm and nc ^working folks, who've given us such Best guess: Never PCMCIA Control Protocol/Internet doozies as DFWMAC (distributed foundation wireless media mind the cheesecake Best guess: People Protocol access control), MESI (modified, exclusive, shared, invalid), and Give up? File alloca- Can't Memorize Computer USART (universal synchronous/asynchronous receiver/transmitter) tion table Industry Acronyms TWAIN Give up? Personal Best guess: Great Performance indicate >rs, like SPECint92 FPSNW Computer Memory Card American writer; things Best guess: International Association, that shall never meet World Wide Web addi •esses— Notorious savings & loan recently reduced to PC Give up? Toolkit with- http://www.etc.etc.et c./better.not.make.a.typo that went bankrupt Card out an important name The Really Stretching It Award goes to VERONICA (very easy rodent-oriented netwide index to computerized archives) 114 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 t At last. Connectivity without the cord.] Stop hunting for phone jacks! Make your laptop really portable with the Personal Messenger™ 100 Wireless Modem Card from Motorola. With this compact, easy-to-use card, you can send/receive E-mail from your office network or the Internet, send faxes, or access corporate databases, and more— free of phone lines. With the modem card and Motorola's AirMobile™ wireless software, laptop users with Lotus® cc:Mail" Mobile for Windows® can directly access their corporate E-mail server to exchange messages and files over the ARDIS 5M nationwide wireless data network. It's a single mailbox solution to support mobile workforces, traveling executives and others who want to keep in contact from just about anywhere.* And, using the ARDIS network, there are no roaming or long-distance charges. To untether your laptop from phone lines forever, call for your nearest dealer and an information kit. And, for a limited time, take advantage of a special introductory rebate offer. Call our toll-free number for details. $100 Motorola Rebate on purchase of the Personal Messenger^ioo modem card. i-8oo-8-wireless 1-800 947353 No Wires. No Limits. Personal Messenger™ 100 Wireless Modem Card slips into most laptops, palmtops or PDAs with a Type II or III PCMCIA slot. This all-in-one peripheral features a built-in battery for stand alone operation, 8K message memory and fold-away antenna. Ideal for Lotus cc:Mail™ Mobile users. Circle 229 on Inquiry Card. IMD * * ) Topx20 xknno an electronic guardian angel. These small but smart programs travel into the world to interact, extract information, or deliver data and messages to other systems. The promise is to get work done or to react to fast changes in our business lives while we're off doing other things. However, se- curity fears of these "good" viruses need resolution by the Safe-TCL (First Virtual Holdings) and Telescript (General Magic) developers of the world. ■ E-Mail Jimmy Stewart in The Philadelphia Story called alcohol ''the great leveler." The same could be said about E-mail. E-mail has be- come more than a mechanism for communi- cation: It's given our ideas a forum for be- ing presented to anyone in the organization, regardless of official chains of command. The Postal Service may go out of business. ■ Groupware Work smarter. Collaborate. Meld the right people on a project-by-project basis. Break down the barriers among departments. Lotus Notes has been carrying this mantle since the late 1 980s, and the payoff may be near, evidenced by the rising list of competitors. Groupware helps us tackle unstructured data in the form of text files, graphics, faxes, and E-mail that form the essence of our businesses. Once this data is organized into cohesive units, groupware helps us move the information throughout organizations and provides a way for us to find it and pass it around quickly. ■ CD-ROMs Turns out that the sum total of our business and cultural knowledge can be served up quite handily in 600-MB chunks. CD- ROMs have made video, audio, and text more accessible by letting us search for and randomly access information quickly and accurately. They have also become the medium of choice for companies needing to distribute proprietary information as well as service and training manuals. ■ PC Card (PCMCIA) This technology survives in spite of itself. PC Card turns portables into customizable computing platforms that quickly connect to LANs, send and receive data files and faxes, and store information sensitive enough to require nighttime lock up. Developed by Neil Chandra for the Poquet computer, PC Card has grown to encompass much more than its original job as a mem- ory card. However, diversity begat conflicts among cards, hardware platforms, OSes, applications, and driver software. Card and Socket Services has helped smooth out in- compatibilities, and the latest incarnations of PC Card include support for a 32-bit data path, bus mastering, and 3. 3-V operation. ■ Visual Programming Visual programming levels the elite and ar- cane aspects of programming to give tools for applications development, prototyping, and solving particular problems to a broader audience. HyperCard popularized the notion of visual prototyping and laid the ground- work for Visual Basic and Visual C++. Digilalk's Parts. PowerSoft's PowerBuilder, Oracle's PowerObjects, and Meta Software's Design/CPN are other descendants. ■ Parallel Processing With the capability to perform a variety of operations simultaneously, parallel WHERE WILL THE INNOVATIONS STOP? NEXT COMPUTER NOT ONLY MADE UNIX PALATABLE. IT BUILT A UNIX BASED ( THE MACH MICROKERNEL ARCHITECTURE. TOO BAD IT DIDN'TSELL. processing gives new punch to database servers and the evolving computational servers. Shared-memory machines pool memory resources so that each CPU dips from the same pool. This limits scalability, but systems built on this model can run software intended for single-processor PCs. They also use standard CPUs and OSes like NT and Unix. Message-passing systems retain private memory reserves and form the basis for massively parallel supercomputers. The result: superhigh per- formance for pennies. ■ Caching New generations of CPUs grab the head- lines, but MIPS alone won't make our applications run faster. By maximizing throughput from the CPU to system mem- ory, memory caching helps memory chips keep pace with the needs of processors. Similarly, disk caching circumvents road- blocks between the CPU and slovenly hard and floppy drives by using a portion of system memory, in case chunks of data needed in the recent past are needed again. Slower CD-ROMs accrue similar performance benefits. Today, many types of CPUs have their own internal cache to squirrel away information important to the processor. U6 15 Y r SEPTEMBER 1995 Find the manual, find the other manual, read them both to get the information to fix your printer. Or click on the CompuServe icon. j j| Volumes, pages, and diagrams. Or a few clicks I" ;"""; ' ;' '\ on CompuServe. The first choice, and you're all 1 ' alone with your problem. Choose CompuServe, and you're immediately in the competent company of our more than 1,000 hardware and software companies online. Need help on a Windows-related application? You'll find it in CompuServe's WinSupport area. Over 400 Windows-related support providers are online with answers day or night. With WinSupport you'll discover what's hot in computers. Download files. Or pick up the latest shareware. Once you're online, just GO WinSupport! But helping to keep your computer running isn't the only thing CompuServe makes easier. We have more than 3,000 other places to go and things to do. Complete access to and from the Internet is easy on CompuServe, too, and we were the first online information service lii'COinr n CompuServe member vi.i ilic Internet .it liup://w\vw.comptiscr\'e.com "New members only, please. All names listed ,irc proprietary irm.'ieni.iiks or rheir respective corporations. to add an interactive multimedia enhancement: CompuScrvcCD. CompuServe. Its all here waiting for you. | list a click away. Free Membership Kit* Join CompuServe now. Just call I 800 487-4838 and you'll receive: 1) A free membership kit. CompuServe Information Manager software for DOS, Macintosh, Windows, or OS/2. 2) One free month of over 120 popular services, a $9.95 U.S. value. 3) A S25.00 U.S. usage credit to explore other extended services. 4) Three free hours of Internet access — cverv month! ^CompuServe The information service you won't outgrow. Circle 218 on Inquiry Card. k Ship Today! Tired of waiting and waiting for your new PC? Wait no more. With our special Computers Now!® program many of our award-winning and most popular packages can be shipped the same day you call. It's As Easy As: O Choose the ZEOS system package you want. (A sampling of what's available is shown.) fZ\ For same da y shi PP in g. cal1 ZE0S at 800-554-5226 ▼"J r before 1 p.m. Central Time, Monday-Friday ©Upon credit approval, we'll ship your system the same day you order!* Our Guarantee To You: If we accept your order for immediate shipment and fail to ship your system under the conditions outlined, we will ship it at our expense as soon as it is ready.* Need A Bigger Monitor? We can upgrade your Computers Now! desktop or vertical system with a larger monitor- and still ship it the same day you order!* Pantera™ 486DX2-66 $1695 Pentium™ Processor Buy With Confidence Not only are you getting a ZEOS PC fast, you're getting a fast PC. ZEOS has earned dozens of top industry awards for power and performance, besting the competitors time and time again. With an awesome price, ZEOS computers Are your best value. That's not all. ZEOS gives you the best sup- port in the business- for an even better value. In fact, ZEOS has earned seven PC Magazine Readers' Choice for Service & Reliability awards. And ZEOS was the first to provide 24-hour toll-free technical support- 365 days a year— for quick and accurate answers to all your technical questions. To order your high-performance PC, call a ZEOS Systems Consultant today at 800-554-5226. Pentium ■processor mtel injMjJ 75 MHz $1945 Pantera™ Pentium™ Processors jajQ tm 75 MHz ■ $1995 ■& 90 MHz & $2095 Pantera™ Pentium™ Processor 75 MHz $2145 Package #2: > 8MB RAM (Pentium processor includes EDO RAM) > 850MB local bus EIDE hard drive > 4X CD-ROM drive, 3.5" 1.44MB floppy drive > Diamond Stealth 64 PCI local bus graphics card with 1MB DRAM > 15 "SVGA color monitor >6-bay desktop case > MS-DOS 6.2, Window's for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse > MS Works Multimedia CD Discovery™ MM: > 8MB EDO RAM > 528MB local bus EIDE hard drive > 4X CD-ROM drive, 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive > Sound Blaster 16® stereo sound card and speakers > 14,400 bps send/receive fax modem > Diamond Stealth 64 PCI local bus graphics card with 1MB DRAM > 15 "SVGA color monitor >6-bay desktop case > MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse > MS Works Multimedia CD Top Gun: > 8MB EDO RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache > 850MB local bus EIDE hard drive > 4X CD-ROM drive, 3.5" 1.44MB floppy drive > 14,400 bps send/receive fax modem > Diamond Stealth 64 Video PCJ local bus graphics card with 2MB VRAM > 15" SVGA color monitor > 6-bay desktop case > MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse > MS Works Multimedia CD ♦Orders must be for Computers Nov/! configurations; we've listed just a sampling here. Since we continuously update this list of configurations, please call to confirm your system is on the list. This oiler is gotdonly us long as these pre-built systems remain in stock. Monitor upgrades available as long as monitors remain in stock. Other ZEOS systems and configurations take slightly longer-aboul a week. Credit cards are subject to authorization. Orders must be received by 1 p.m. Central Time, M-F. Purchase orders are subject to approval. Business leasing programs available. All prices, specifications and availability are subject to ch;mgc withoulnotice; call to confirm these and warranty details. Prices do not include shipping. All producis and company names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. Windows is a registered trademark of Miciosof ( Corporation in the U.S. and other countries. ZEOS is a registered trademark; Computers Now! is a registered servicemark; Z-Card is a servicemark: Ambra. Pantera and Meridian trademarks oi Micron Electronics. Inc. © 1995 MEL ZEOS, 1301 Industrial Blvd., Minneapolis, MN 55413 USA. Micron Electronics, Inc. is a publicly traded company (NASDAQ symbol: ML'KI). NOW2-BYT-95I9 Pantera™ 486DX2-66 $2095 Pentium™ Processor 75 MHz $2345 90 MHz $2445 Package #3; ► 16MB RAM (Pentium processor includes EDO RAM) ► I GB local bus EIDE hard drive ► 4X CD-ROM drive, 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Diamond Stealth 64 PCI local bus graphics card with 1MB DRAM ► 15" SVGA color monitor ► 6-bay desktop case ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Office Pro and Bookshelf CD SSS? ■■ Pantera™ IffSI Pentium™ Processor 75 MHz $2945 100MHz $3195 133 MHz $3545 Best MM: ► 16MB EDO RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache ► 850MB local bus EIDE hard drive ► 4X CD-ROM drive, 3.5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Sound Blaster 16* stereo sound card and speakers ► Diamond Stealth 64 Video PCI local bus graphics card with 2MB VRAM ► 17 " SVGA color monitor ► 10-bay vertical case ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Office Pro and Bookshelf CD WINDOWS" Meridian DX4-100 $2795 400C Package #3: ► 8MB RAM ► 350MB IDE hard drive ► External 15" 1.44MB floppy drive ► 14.4 PCMCIA fax/modem ► 79 "dual-scan color VGA display ► Custom leather carrying case ► Extra battery ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups ► MS Works ► 7.8"xl0.2"xl.7";3.9lbs. For active matrix display, add $700 EDITORS' CHOICE ft Pantera™ f I Pentium™ "* Processor 90 MHz $2745 100 MHz $2895 120 MHz $3095 Hottest: ► 16MB EDO RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache ► 1GB local bus EIDE hard drive ► 4X CD-ROM drive, 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Diamond Stealth 64 Video PCI local bus graphics card with 2MB VRAM ► 15 " SVGA color monitor ► 10-bay vertical case (90 MHz, 100 MHz & 120 MHz) ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows forWorkgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Office Pro and Bookshelf CD Pantera™ Pentium™ Processor 100 MHz $3745 120 MHz $3945 133 MHz $4095 Best MM Supreme: ► 24MB EDO RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache ► 1.2GB local bus EIDE hard drive ► 4X CD-ROM drive, 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Sound Blaster 16® stereo sound card, high-power speakers w/ subwoofer ► Diamond Stealth 64 Video PCI local bus graphics card with 2MB VRAM ► 17 "SVGA color monitor ► 10-bay vertical case ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Office Pro and Bookshelf CD ENDOWS Meridian DX4-100 $2995 800C Package #3: ► 8MB RAM ► 528MB IDE hard drive ► Internal 3.5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► 14.4 PCMCIA fax/modem ► 10.3" dual-scan color VGA display ► Custom nylon carrying case ► Extra battery ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows for Workgroups ► MS Works ► 8.9"xll.7"xl.9";6.3lbs. For active matrix display, add $800 Pantera™ Pentium™ Processor 75 MHz $2595 90 MHz $2695 100 MHz $2845 Discovery Plus: ► 16MB EDO RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache ► 850MB local bus EIDE hard drive ► 4X CD-ROM drive, 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Sound Blaster 16® stereo sound card, high-power speakers w/subwoofer ► 14,400 bps send/receive fax modem ► Diamond Stealth 64 PCI local bus graphics card with 1MB DRAM ► 15 "SVGA color monitor ► 6-bay desktop case ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows forWorkgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Office Pro and Bookshelf CD Ambra™ 486DX2-66 $1345 Package #2: ► 8MB RAM, 256K SRAM cache ► 528MB hard drive ► 3-5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► On-board VESA local bus video ► l4"SVGA color monitor ► 4-bay desktop case ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows forWorkgroups, Microsoft Mouse ► MS Works Meridian™ 850C Pentium™ Processor 75 MHz $4195 Package #3: ► 16MB RAM, 256K synchronous SRAM cache ► 1.3GB IDE hard drive ► Internal 3.5" 1.44MB floppy drive ► Integrated l6-bit stereo sound ► External amplified speakers ► 10.3" dual-scan color 800 x 600 SVGA display ► Custom nylon carrying case ► Extra battery ► MS-DOS 6.2, Windows forWorkgroups ► MS Office Pro ► 8.9"xll.7"x2.1";6.8lbs. For active matrix display, add $800 Fax Orders: 800-362-1205 or 6)2-362-1205. Phone Orders: Outside U.S. and Canada: 612-362-1212, Government: 800-245-2449, ZEOS Information Systems, Inc. GSA #GS00K94AGS5176. Purchase Orders, MasterCard, VISA, Am Ex, Discover, Z-Card, COD and leasing programs. 800-554-5226 24 Hours a Day • 365 Days a Year ZEOS Circle 255 on Inquiry Card. WARNING Most people who try System Architect Free For 30 Days, Buy it! "System Architect from Popkin Software is evolving at a phenom- inal rate. This product is without a doubt the best value for developers on limited budgets, or for that matter perhaps on any budget... Comparing System Architect to other CASE tools, it appeared to be the easiest to customize and learn." — database Programming & Besign Magazine July 1994 SA gives you all the benefits of the best repositoiy-based data modeling tool, plus the functionality of a complete object-oriented application development tool. If you're looking for a client/server software engineering tool that \XXf destroys the myth about low price uii!All meaning low functionality, we'd like to send you a copy of System Architect 1 " to evaluate. Keep it for 30 days to see if it makes t CODE J g§ PARTNER sense for developing ES®§§^ your client/server £#>/ applications. Object-Oiuentd) A&D Some of the features of SA OOA&D include: • Support of the popular 00 methodologies including Booch '94, OMT/Rumbaugh, Shlaer/Mellor, Coad/Yourdon, and Use-Case • Common, user-extensible repository • Automatic creation of ER models from class models • C++ header and skeleton code generation and reverse engineering Advanced Data Modeling SA's data modeling capabilities give you: • Comprehensive support of the DBA function • Generates DDL from entity models for Oracle, Informix, SQLServer, SYBASE 10 and many other SQL and 4GL databases. • Support of physical and logical data modeling • Ability to specify referential integrity rules • Trigger Editor and Stored Procedure Editor Business Process Re-Engineering SA supports IDEFO, IDEF1X and IDEF3 for Business Process Re-engineering. With SA's common repositoiy you automatically carry your BPR results forward using software engi- neering methodologies to design your system. Structured A&D Methodologies supported by SA include: • Information Engineering • Yourdon/DeMarco (event-driven) • Gane &: Sarson • SSADM IV • Ward &: Mellor (real-time). 50,000 Users Can't Be: Wrong That's the number of satis- fied System Architect users worldwide and it's growing every day. Try It Free For 30 Days. To Qualifv For An Evaluation Con- Of System Architect, Call 800-732-5227, ext. 655 or Fax 212-571-3436. HI SYSTEM lH ARCHITECT Popkin Software & Systems, Inc. 1 1 Park Place, New York, NY 10007 Real Tools For The Real World. Australia (1-800) 658660 * Benelux 31-3406-65530 ' Brazil 55-11-535-5200 ' Chile 56-2-695-3330 ' Columbia 57-1-218-8877 * Denmark 45-4599-9300 England 44-1926-450858 " Germany 49-6151-866620 ' Italy 39-49-8700366 ' Japan 81-462-73-5922 * Korea 212-751-1 109 ' Malaysia 60-3-757-1806 New Zealand 61-02-346499 * Peru 5114-417828 * Spain 34-3-415-7800 * Sweden 46-8-626-8100 ' Switzerland 41-61-6922-666 Circle 237 ©1995 Popkin Software & Systems, Inc. The Sysrem Architect logo is a trademark of Popkin Software & Systems, Inc. OR Inquiry C3rd. All other brand and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. : '' : -:'/1: ' '■' V'. nr.v n We've come a long way from computers programmed with wires and punch cards. Maybe not as far as some would like, though. Here are the innovations in programming. ca. 1946 Konrad Zuse, a German engineer working alone while hiding out in the Bavarian Alps, devel- ops Plankalktil. He applies the language to, among other things, chess. 1949 Short Code, the first computer language ac- tually used on an elec- tronic computing device, appears. It is, however, a "hand-com- piled" language. 1951 Grace Hopper, work- ing for Remington Rand, begins design work on the first widely known compiler, named A-0. When the language is released by Rand in 1957, it is called MATH-MATIC. 1952 Alick E. Glennie, in his spare time at the University of Manchester, devises a programming system called AUTOCODE, a rudimentary compiler. 1957 FORTRAN— mathe- matical FORmula TRANslating system — appears. Heading the team is John Backus, who goes on to contribute to the development of ALGOL and the well- known syntax-specifi- cation system known asBNF. 1958 FORTRAN II appears, able to handle subrou- tines and links to assembly language. John McCarthy at M.I.T. begins work on LISP— LISl Processing. The original speci- fication for ALGOL appears. The specifica- tion does not describe how data will be input or output; that is left to the individual implementations. 1959 LISP 1.5 appears. COBOL is created by the Conference on Data Systems and Languages (CODASYL). 1960 ALGOL60, the first block-structured language, appears. This is the root of the family tree that will ultimately produce the likes of Pascal. ALGOL goes on to become the most popular language in Europe in the mid- to late- 1 960s. Sometime in the early 1960s, Kenneth Ivcrson begins work on the lan- guage that will become A PL — A Programming Language. It uses a spe- cialized character set that, forpropcr use. re- quires APL-compatible I/O devices. 1962 APL is documented in Ivcrson's book. A Pro- gramming Language. FORTRAN IV appears. Work begins on the sure-fire winner of the "clever acronym" award. SNOBOL— SlriNg-Oriented sym- BOlic Language. It will spawn other clever acronyms: FASBOL. a SNOBOL compiler (in l97l).andSP!TBOL— SPccdy Implemen- Tation of snoBOL— also in 1971. 1963 ALGOL60isrcvised. Work begins on PL/1. 1964 APL\360 is imple- mented. At Dartmouth University, professors John G. Kcmeny and Thomas E. Kurtz invent BASIC. The first imple- mentation is a compiler. The first BASIC program runs at about 4:00 a.m. on May 1, 1964. PL/1 is released. 1965 SNOBOL3 appears, 1966 FORTRAN 66 appears. LISP 2 appears. Work begins on LOGO at Bolt. Bcranek, & Newman. The team is headed by Wally Fucrzeigand in- cludes Seymour Papert. LOGO is best known for its "turtle graphics. " 1967 SNOBOL4, a much- enhanced SNOBOL, appears. 1968 ALGOL 68, a monster compared to ALGOL 60, appears. Some members of the specifi- cations committee — including C.A.R. Hoaic and Niklaus Wirth — protest its approval. ALGOL 68 proves dif- ficult to implement. ALTRAN,aFOR- TRAN variant, appears. COBOL is officially defined by ANSI. Niklaus Wirth begins work on Pascal. 1969 500 people attend an APL conference at IBM's headquarters in Armonk, New York. The demands for APL's distribution are so great that the event is later referred to as "The March on Armonk. " 1970 Sometime in the early 1970s, Charles Moore writes the first signifi- cant programs in his new language, Forth. Work on Prolog begins about this time. Also sometime in the early 1970s, work on Smalltalk begins at Xerox PARC, led by Alan Kay. Early ver- sions will include Smalltalk-72,Small- talk-74,andSmall- talk-76. An implementation of Pascal appears on a CDC 6000-series computer. Icon, a descendant of SNOBOL4, appears. 1972 The manuscript for Konrad Zuse's Plankalktil (see 1946) is finally published. Dennis Ritchie produces C. The defini- tive reference manual for it will not appear until 1974. The first implementa- tion of Prolog — by Alain Colmerauer and Phillip Roussel — appears. ■ W ; ' |Bk ' -.' ^L. jA MM gSh WSM "IT'S BETTER TO ASK FORGIVENESS THAN IT IS TO GET PERMISSION."— THE LATE REAR AOMIRAL GRACE HOPPER. WHO LEO THE EFFORTTO CREATE COBOL SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 121 m,. S5Q 1974 Another ANSI speci- fication for COBOL appears. FORTRAN. RATFOR is used in Kernighan and Plaugefs "Software Tools," which appears in 1976. 1975 Tiny BASIC by Bob Albrecht and Dennis Allison (implementa- tion by Dick Whipple and John Arnold) runs on a microcomputer in 2KBofRAM.A4-KB machine is sizable, which left 2 KB avail- able for the program. Bill Gates and Paul Allen write a version ofBASlCthattheysell to MITS (Micro Instru- mentation and Tele- metry Systems) on a per-copy royalty basis. MITS is producing the Altair. an 8080-based microcomputer. Scheme, a LISP dialect by G.L.Steele and G.J. Sussman. appears. Pascal User Manual and Report, by Jensen andWirth, is published. Still consid- ered by many to be the definitive refer- ence on Pascal. B.VV. Kerninghan describes RATFOR— RATional FORTRAN. It is a preprocessor that allows C-like control structures in 1976 Design System Language, considered to be a forerunner of PostScript, appears. 1977 TheANSI standard for MUMPS— Massa- chusetts General Hospital Utility Multi- Programming Sys- tem — appears. Used originally to handle medical records, MUMPS recognizes only a string data-type. Later renamed M. The design competi- tion that will produce Ada begins. Honey- well Bull's team, led by Jean Ichbiah, will win the competition. Kim Harris and others set up FIG. the FORTH interest group. They develop FIG-FORTH, which they sell for around $20. Sometime in the late 1970s, Kenneth Bowles produces UCSD Pascal, which makes Pascal available on PDP-11 andZ80- based computers. Niklaus VVirth begins work on Modula, fore- runner of Modula-2 and successor to Pascal. 1978 AWK — a text-process- ing language named after the designers, Alio, Weinberger, and Kernighan — appears. The ANSI standard for FORTRAN 77 appears. 1980 Smalltalk-80 appears. Modula-2 appears. Franz LISP appears. BjarneStroustrup develops a set of lan- guages — collectively referred to as "C With Classes" — that serve as the breeding ground for C++. 1981 Effort begins on a common dialect of LISP, referred to as Common LISP. Japan begins the Fifth Generation Computer System project. The primary language is Prolog. 1982 ISO Pascal appears. PostScript appears. 1983 Smalltalk-80: The Language and Its Implementation by Goldberg et al is pub- lished. Ada appears. Its name comes from Lady Augusta Ada Byron, Countess of Lovelace and daughter of the English poet Byron. She has been called the first com- puter programmer be- cause of her work on Charles Babbage's analytical engine. In 1983, the Department of Defense directs that all new "mission-criti- cal" applications be written in Ada. In late 1983 and early 1984, Microsoft and Digital Researchboth release the first C compilers for micro- computers. In July, the first im- plementation of C++ appears. The name is coinedby Rick Mascitti. In November, Borland's Turbo Pascal hits the scene like a nuclear blast, thanks to an advertise- ment in BYTE magazine. 1984 A reference manual f orAPL2 appears. APL2 is an extension of APL that permits nested arrays. 1985 Forth controls the submersible sled that locates the wreck of the Titanic. Vanilla SNOBOL4 for microcomputers is released. Methods, a line-ori- ented Smalltalk for PCs, is introduced. 1986 Smalltalk/V appears — the first widely available ver- sion of Smalltalk for microcomputers. Apple releases Object Pascal for the Mac. Borland releases Turbo Prolog. Charles Duff releases Actor, an object-ori- ented language for de- veloping Microsoft Windows applications. Eiffel, another object- oriented language, appears. C++ appears. 1987 Turbo Pascal version 4.0 is released. 1988 The specification for CLOS — Common LISP Object System- is published. NiklausVVirth finish- es Oberon, his follow- up to Modula-2. 1989 TheANSI C specifi- cation is published. C++ 2.0 arrives in the form of a draft refer- ence manual. The 2.0 version adds features such as multiple inher- itance and pointers to members. 1990 C++ 2.1, detailed in Annotated C + + Reference Manual by B. Stroustrup etal, is published. This adds templates and exception-handling features. FORTRAN 90 includes such new elements as case state- ments and derived types. Imagine a $500 PC that has a built-in modem, fits in your pocket, and is battery powered. Two British explorers reach the North Pole by way of the [ South Pole. Kenneth Iverson and Roger Hui present J at the APL90 conference. 1991 Visual Basic wins BYTE's Best of Show award at Spring COMDEX. 1992 Dylan — named for Dylan Thomas — an object-oriented language resembling Scheme, is released by Apple. 1993 ANSI releases the X3J4.1 technical re- port — the first-draft proposal for (gulp) object-oriented COBOL. The standard is expected to be final- ized in 1997. 1994 Microsoft incorporates Visual Basic forApplications into Excel. 1995 In February, ISO accepts the 1995 revision of the Ada language. Called Ada 95, it includes OOP features and support for real-time systems. 1996 Anticipated release of first ANSI C++ standard. BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 V*w4 %< » *x& ■« % The High-Perfopmance, Multi-Platform Development System Watcom C/C++ accelerates development of high-performance, multi-platform 16 and 32 bit applications. The integrated development environment simplifies application development and makes it easy to exploit the power of Watcom C/C++. In a single package, Watcom C/C++ provides a comprehensive development environment with the tools, SDKs and libraries you need to create powerful 16 and 32 bit applications for popular PC platforms. ( Leverage Your lime and Code Investment Watcom C/C++ supports a wide range of host and target platforms including Wjj]dows®95*. Reliable, high-performance code generation and consistent C and C++ language implementation are delivered across all supported platforms, making it easy to develop applications for several targets from a single source code base. For example, C++ templates and exception handling are provided on all supported platforms including 16-bit Windows. Host Platforms: Windows 95, Windows NT, Windows 3.x, OS/2 Warp, OS/2 2.x, Target Platforms: Windows 95, Windows NT, Windows 3.x, Win32s, OS/2 Warp, OS/2 2.x, Extended DOS, Novell NLM, OS/2 1.x, DOS Accelerate Your Windows Development For rapid 16 and 32 bit Windows development, Watcom C/C++ includes the r L Microsoft Foundation Class (MFC) libraries and Visual Programmer (VP) by Blue Sky Software. VP is a fast MFC code generator for quick, easy and intuitive development of Windows applications. With VP, application user interfaces are designed visually using point-and-click interaction. Functional preview mode allows for quick testing of the user interface. High Performance Wateom's advanced compiler technology generates fast, tight code, optimizing your application's performance. Superscalar optimization strategy uses "riscification" and instruction scheduling to deliver optimum performance on 486 and Pentium processors. "(Watcom C/C++) delivered the fastest executables we saw in this roundup." PC Magazine, April 11, 1995. Watcom C/C++ 10.5: $350 Watcom C/C++ 10.5 Competitive Upgrade: $199 Find it at CompUSA and Egghead or call 1 -800-265-4555 "<& % v :: (519) 886-3700 FAX: . . ..OGRAMMER are trc inted from PC Magazine, April s 95. All rcgistei Circle 254 on Inquiry Card. April 11,1995 Watcom C/C++ 10.0 Watcom A Powersoft Company _ om. Phone: 444 1 494 555599 Fax: +< lemarks of Watcom International Corp. Wii v Corporation. Other ti You can spend $2,995 and buy a new computer with a humongous hard disk. Or you can spend $29.95 and clean up the one you have. Rid it surgically and safely of unwanted or duplicate files and programs. Quarterdeck CleanSweep"' will work with Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 to find all the megs you want and more in a jiffy. Call (800) 354-3222 or your nearest retailer and brace yourself. ©1995 Quarterdeck Corporation. Quarterdeck is a registered trademark. CleanSweep is a trademark of Quarterdeck Corporation. All other trademarks are properties of their respective owners. irf Quarterdeck Jean aweep for Windows X^ 1 !'■•'" I [ consdered b be o aooxi trtfajemeni Circle 274 on Inquiry Card. SyncMaster 17GLL Today's applications demand more from your monitor. That's why Samsung created the GLi Series monitors. They work the way you do. Performance is only part of the reason to buy a new 1 7-inch SyncMaster monitor. \ has big, bright, crisp, clear images that you can depend on year after year. Simplicity is also important. The GLi Series offers Plug and Play* compatibility, so you can get right to work. Its intuitive controls and on-screen programming keep concentration where it belongs - on the job. Plus, Samsung delivers outstanding Value - in the comfort of a three-year warranly, and the satisfaction of a competitive price. If you take your work seriously, think about an exceptional monitor. Think about the SyncMaster 17GLi. After all, it's your point of view. Call 1-800-933-4110 or use fax- on- demand at 1-800-229-2239 for more information. SyncMaster 15GU 17GLi 1 7GUJ Flat Square CRT 15" 17" 17" Oof Pitch .28 s \28 .26 •' PC Compatibility 1280xl024@6OHz 1280xl024@60Hz 1280xl024fe>80Hz Mac Compatibility 1024x76S@75H2 1024x768©75Hz. gil$2x870@75Hz Color Temp. Selection • • • UltraGeGf Coating™ ■ '* • | | Limited Warranty 3 Years 3 Years 3 Years Actual viewable areas are HCTUSGLi] and 16.0" (17GLi end 17GLsi). AMSUN Bell & Howell Copiscan IT Document Scanners Laboratory tests prove you'd rather have our paper path. Think what it's like inside a scanner. Heat, noise, gears, belts, rollers. No wonder so many little pieces of paper get mangled. No wonder users spend so much time trying to pull tiny shreds out of the rollers with their bare hands. That's why we design our scanners with the simplest, most straight- forward paper path in the industry. So they can handle any kind of document. From onionskin to card stock. Ripped, wrinkled, or stapled. So if there's any doubt in your mind who makes the best scanners, just ask yourself a simple question. Which one would you rather go through? We have a brochure that describes all our Copiscan II scanners. For a copy, call 1-800-SCAN-494. BEU+HOWELL L pj The Document Management People Circle 216 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 217). ZOContfitiotion aociefy Computers have changed our world. That's a tired cliche, but it's true. Perhaps no other instrument of the late twentieth century has had such a fundamental and pervasive impact on our everyday lives. Astronomy The Hubble Space Telescope is now fixed. But astronomers were able to salvage useful images from it even before the Space Shuttle's repair mission. Image- processing software let them extract clear images from the fuzzy ones sent down by the Hubble camera. Aviation The Boeing 777 is the first of a new generation of air- frames. It was designed entirely on computers, never going through mock-ups and prototypes. It represents the natural culmination of the trend toward CAD. Biology The Human Genome Project, an ambitious multiyear effort to map the human genetic code, would be im- possible without computers to store and sort the moun- tains of data nature has put into the human genetic sequence. Business If, as some recent advertisements claim, business is the engine of society, then computers must be the fuel. How elsecould arbitrageurs force huge swings in stock prices, without computers to show them the point spreads and rapidly execute their trades before the spread closes? And how else could Federal Express track billions of packages, delivering them accurately and on time? Communities On-line communities have evolved to meet almost any interest. Whether you want to rail against Barney the dinosaur, compare Captain Janeway to Captains Picard and Kirk, or trade mealloaf recipes, there is a virtual community for you somewhere. It can be tough some- times to find those who share your interests, but they are almost surely out there. Consumers The relationship between customers and manufacturers has changed. The concept of beta testing was foreign to most of the population 20 years ago. Would anyone have bought an automatic transmission if the manufac- turer told you that it occasionally locked up and some- times rebooted to first gear for no apparent reason? Yet we accept software that way. Education The coming of the information age is forcing schools to rethink curricula, which they probably should do anyway. Unfortunately, some schools insist on using computers as glorified flash cards, transferring boring rote learning from paper to software. And some of the glitzy multimedia education tools go too far the other way, making education into a game. Somewhere in be- tween are schools using computers to let kids run SLOW BUSINESS IS NO BUSINESS. WHERE WOULD INSIOER TRADING BE WITHOUT COMPUTERS? COMPUTERS CAN ARRANGE A VACATION FROM COMPUTERS. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 131 wm I experiments, analyze data, and write papers in ways that could not have been imagined 20 years ago. Entertainment Computers controlled the motion cameras that let George Lucas shoot all the compo- nents of a single scene separately — the Death Star, the Tie Fighters, and the Rebel ships — and then composite them into a sin- gle breathtaking piece of movie history. Finance Many of us would be bankrupt paupers without the control over our finances that programs such as Quicken have brought. Even if you don't use the programs yourself, it's likely your accountant does. Government Computers have created an industry that provides jobs forthousands of intelligent people who might otherwise be burdens on society — or worse, government bureaucrats. Thank your lucky stars. Health Care Computers empower the physically challenged to lead productive lives; the brilliant physicist Stephen W. Hawking is an excellent example. He suffers from the degenerative muscle disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) popularly called Lou Gehrig's disease. Although he cannot use his own voice to speak or his own hands to tions o society «fc*\ THE $64,000,000,000 QUESTION: IS THIS AN OPPORTUNITY T0TAKE A CHEAP SHOT AT MILITARY SPENDING? write, he continues to contribute world- class science. Manufacturing Just-in-time manufacturing, which seeks to reduce inventory while increasing respon- siveness to changing markets, would not be possible without computers. Medicine Noninvasive imaging technologies, such as CAT (computerized axial tomography) scans, have given doctors the ability to per- form exploratory surgery without ever opening up the body. Soon, computer soft- ware that was originally developed to spot Soviet tanks from satellite photos will join the doctor's arsenal as a way to identify possible cancers in a mammogram. Meteorology The percentage of incorrect weather reports has been dropping, due in large part to bet- ter weather models. The recently announced vBNS (very high-speed Backbone Network Service) will let several supercomputers work together on much larger simulations, which should further improve the accuracy of forecasts. Military As the Gulf War showed us, technical supe- riority can overwhelm numerical superiori- ty. Getting there first with the most is no longer as important as having the most ad- vanced weapons. Computer-controlled weapons help a small, well-equipped armed force keep the peace in a dangerous world. Physics A physicist with some new theories on star formation runs a simulation based on her new theories to test it out. Another seeking the basic quantum particles examines the remains of a proton/antiproton collision, like some voodoo priestexamining the en- trails of matter rather than the entrails of chickens. Politics During his recent unsuccessful run for the U.S. Senate, OliverNorth was able to raise millions of dollars from outside his state, using mailing lists of like-minded individu- als. A state-level operation never could have handled such a sophisticated, nation- wide fund-raising effort without cheap, so- phisticated databases. Publishing The very definition of a magazine is chang- ing. It is now de rigueur to have a Web page on the Internet's WWW (World Wide Web). Bandwidth for most users is still too narrow to allow fully formatted pages of text and graphics, and there is still too small a per- centage of the population on-line. But this is changing. In the realm of publishing on paper, now anyone with a computer and some imagina- tion can turn out professional publications thanks to the power of desktop publishing. Travel Computers have improved the way we trav- el, from reservation systems that instantly let us book flights anywhere to the early- warning systems that let pilots know of po- tentially dangerous microburst downdrafts. Writing E-mail has at least temporarily stayed the death sentence of writing. Sure, the quality of some E-mail is less than stellar, and the temptation of easy, almost anonymous, flaming has exposed the worst side of human nature. But communicating via E-mail lets us keep in touch with a far-flung network of friends and associates. Thanks to word processors, the task of writing has gone from chiseling in stone to sculpting from clay. It's so much easier to push and prod your words when they are glowing phosphors on a screen than when they were typed on your old IBM Selectric. We don't always take advantage of this ability, but at least it's there. 132 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 For free product information from companies featured in this issue, circle the appropriate inquiry number below and mail this card today. For quickest response, fax to 1-800-571-7730! Product Category Information To receive information for an entire category, circle the appropriate number on the adjacent card. Hardware Accessories/Supplies 1 Add-in Boards 2 Bar Coding 3 Communications/Networking 4 Computer Systems 5 Data Acquisition 6 Diagnostic Equipment 53 Disks & Optical Drives 7 Diskettes/Duplicators 8 Fax Boards/Machines 9 Graphics Tablets/Mice/ Pen Input 10 Keyboards 11 LAN Hardware 12 Laptops & Notebooks 13 Mail Order 14 Memory/Chips/Upgrades 15 Miscellaneous Hardware 16 Modems/Multiplexors 17 Monitors & Terminals 18 Multimedia/CD-ROM 19 PCMCIA 57 Printers/Plotters 20 Programmable Hardware 21 RAID Drive Arrays 56 Scanners/OCR/Digitizers 22 Security 52 Tape Drives 23 UPS/Power Management 24 Voice Technology 55 Software Business 25 CAD/CAM 26 Communications/Networking 27 Data Acquisition 28 Database 29 Educational 30 Engineering/Scientific 31 Entertainment 32 Graphics 33 Macintosh 34 Mail Order 35 Mathematical/Statistical 36 Miscellaneous Software 37 On-Line Services 38 Operating Systems 39 OS/2 54 Programming Languages/ Tools 40 SCSI/Peripheral Interfaces 59 Security 41 Shareware 42 Software Duplication 43 Spreadsheets 44 Unix 45 Utilities 46 Windows 47 Word Processing/DTP 48 General Books/Publications 49 Recruitment 50 Miscellaneous 51 nnm Fill out this coupon carefully. Please Print Name TillP Company Arirlrfiss City State Phone Fax -Zip. A. My job function is best classified as (check one): 1 [ ] Company Management 2 [ ] IS/MIS/IT Management 3 [ ] Systems Engineering/Integration 4 | ] Systems/Networking Consulting 5 ( | Departmental Management (non-IS/MIS) 6 [ ] Technical Services Support 7 [ ] Other (please describe) B. What is your organization's primary business activity at this location (check one): 8 I | Business Services (Finance, Banking, Insurance, Healthcare, Professional) 9 [ ] Commerce/Industry (Retail, Wholesale, Construction, Mining, Manufacturing, Transportation) 10 [ ] Reseller/OEM (VAR, VAD, Systems/Network Integrator, Computer Product Manufacturer) 11 [ ] Government (Federal, State, Municipal, Military) 12 [ ] Computer Services (Support, Training, Consulting) 13 ( ] Other (please specify): C. Please indicate which specific fields of interest are important to you so that BYTE may serve you with supplemental information that best meets your needs (select all that apply): 14 ( ] UNIX and Workstations 15 [ ] Networking (LANs, WANs, and Telecommunications) 16| ] Multimedia 17 [ ] Reselling/Systems Integration 18 [ ] Applications Development 19 [ ]0ther(explain): 23 ( ] UNIX (any, including Solaris) 24 [ ] Windows 25 [ ] Windows/NT 26 [ ] NetWare 27 [ ] Other (please describe): D. My responsibilities require that I be involved with the following operating system environments (check all that apply): 20 [ ]D0S 21 r ] os/2 '-I Please send me one year of BYTE 22[ ] Mac/OS Magazine for S19.97 and bill me. Offer valid in U.S. and possessions only. E. The number of employees at my location and company-wide area (check one in each column): At My Location 28[] 29[] 30[] 31| ] 32[] 10,000 or more 5.000 to 9,999 1.000 to 4,999 100 to 999 Under 100 Company- Wide 33[] 34[] 35|| 36(] 37[] September 1995 | 91 97 98 | Valid until November 30, 1995 Inquiry Numbers 1-187 1 2 18 19 35 36 52 53 69 70 86 87 103 104 120 121 105 106 122 123 137 138 139 140 154 155 156 157 171 172 173 174 5 22 39 56 73 90 107 108 109 124 125 126 141 142 143 158 159 160 175 176 177 Inquiry Numbers 375-561 375 376 392 393 409 410 426 427 443 444 460 461 477 478 494 495 511 512 528 529 545 546 377 378 394 395 411 412 428 429 445 446 462 463 479 480 496 497 513 514 530 531 547 548 379 380 381 396 397 398 413 414 415 430 431 432 447 448 449 464 465 466 481 482 483 498 499 500 515 516 517 532 533 534 549 550 551 Inquiry Numbers 749-935 749 750 766 767 783 784 800 801 817 818 834 835 851 852 868 869 885 886 902 903 919 920 751 752 768 769 785 786 802 803 819 820 836 837 853 854 870 871 887 888 904 905 921 922 753 754 755 770 771 772 787 788 789 804 805 806 821 822 823 838 839 840 855 856 857 872 873 874 889 890 891 906 907 908 923 924 925 127 128 144 145 161 162 178 179 382 383 399 400 416 417 433 434 450 451 467 468 484 485 501 502 518 519 535 536 552 553 756 757 773 774 790 791 807 808 824 825 841 842 858 859 875 876 892 893 909 910 926 927 11 12 28 29 45 46 62 63 79 80 96 97 112 113 114 129 130 131 146 147 148 163 164 165 180 181 182 384 385 386 401 402 403 418 419 420 435 436 437 452 453 454 469 470 471 486 487 488 503 504 505 520 521 522 537 538 539 554 555 556 758 759 760 775 776 777 792 793 794 809 810 811 826 827 828 843 844 845 860 861 862 877 878 879 894 895 896 911 912 913 928 929 930 64 65 81 82 98 99 115 116 132 133 149 150 166 167 183 184 387 388 404 405 421 422 438 439 455 456 472 473 489 490 506 507 523 524 540 541 557 558 761 762 778 779 795 796 812 813 829 830 846 847 863 864 880 881 897 898 914 915 931 932 Inquiry Numbers 1123-1309 11231124 11401141 11571158 11741175 11911192 12081209 1225 1226 12421243 1259 1260 12761277 1293 1294 11251126 11421143 11591160 11761177 11931194 12101211 1227 1228 1244 1245 1261 1262 12761279 12951296 1127 11281129 114411451146 1161 11621163 117811791180 119511961197 121212131214 122912301231 1246 12471248 126312641265 128012811282 1297 1298 1299 1130 1131 1147 1148 1164 1165 1181 1182 1198 1199 1215 1216 1232 1233 1249 1250 1266 1267 1283 1284 1300 1301 1132 11331134 1149 11501151 1166 11671168 1183 1184 1185 1200 1201 1202 1217 1218 1219 1234 1235 1236 1251 12521253 1268 1269 1270 1285 12881287 1302 1303 1304 11351136 11521153 11691170 11861187 1203 1204 1220 1221 1237 1238 1254 1255 1271 1272 1288 1289 1305 1306 15 16 17 32 33 34 49 50 51 66 67 68 83 84 85 100 101 102 117 118 119 134 135 136 151 152 153 168 169 170 185 186 187 389 390 391 406 407 408 423 424 425 440 441 442 457 458 459 474 475 476 491 492 493 508 509 510 525 526 527 542 543 544 559 560 561 763 764 765 780 781 782 797 798 799 814 815 816 831 832 833 848 849 850 865 866 867 882 883 884 899 900 901 916 917 918 933 934 935 1137 11381139 1154 11551156 1171 11721173 1188 11891190 1205 1206 1207 1222 1223 1224 1239 1240 1241 1256 1257 1258 1273 1274 1275 1290 1291 1292 1307 1308 1309 Inquiry Numbers 188-374 188 189 205 206 222 223 239 240 256 257 273 274 290 291 307 308 324 325 341 342 358 359 190 191 207 208 224 225 241 242 258 259 275 276 292 293 309 310 326 327 343 344 360 361 192 193 194 209 210 211 226 227 228 243 244 245 260 261 262 277 278 279 294 295 296 311 312 313 328 329 330 345 346 347 362 363 364 Inquiry Numbers 562-748 562 563 579 580 596 597 613 614 630 631 647 648 664 665 681 682 698 699 715 716 732 733 564 565 581 582 598 599 615 616 632 633 649 650 666 667 683 684 700 701 717 718 734 735 566 567 568 583 584 585 600 601 602 617 618 619 634 635 636 651 652 653 668 669 670 685 686 687 702 703 704 719 720 721 736 737 738 195 196 212 213 229 230 246 247 263 264 280 281 297 298 314 315 331 332 348 349 365 366 569 570 586 587 603 604 620 621 637 638 654 655 671 672 688 689 705 706 722 723 739 740 197 198 199 214 215 216 231 232 233 248 249 250 265 266 267 282 283 284 299 300 301 316 317 318 333 334 335 350 351 352 367 368 369 571 572 573 588 589 590 605 606 607 622 623 624 639 640 641 656 657 658 673 674 675 690 691 692 707 708 709 724 725 726 741 742 743 200 201 217 218 234 235 251 252 268 269 285 286 302 303 319 320 336 337 353 354 370 371 574 575 591 592 608 609 625 626 642 643 659 660 676 677 693 694 710 711 727 728 744 745 202 203 204 219 220 221 236 237 238 253 254 255 270 271 272 287 288 289 304 305 306 321 322 323 338 339 340 355 356 357 372 373 374 576 577 578 593 594 595 610 611 612 627 628 629 644 645 646 661 662 663 678 679 680 695 696 697 712 713 714 729 730 731 746 747 748 Inquiry Numbers 936-1122 936 937 953 954 970 971 987 988 10041005 1021 1022 1038 1039 1055 1056 1072 1073 10891090 11061107 938 939 955 956 972 973 989 990 1006 1007 1023 1024 1040 1041 1057 1058 1074 1075 1091 1092 11081109 940 941 942 957 958 959 974 975 976 991 992 993 100810091010 1025 10261027 1042 10431044 105910601061 107610771078 109310941095 111011111112 943 944 960 961 977 978 994 995 1011 1012 1028 1029 1045 1046 1062 1063 1079 1080 1096 1097 1113 1114 Inquiry Numbers 1310-1489 13101311 1327 1328 13441345 1361 1362 13781379 13951396 14121413 14291430 1446 1447 14631464 14801481 13121313 1329 1330 1346 1347 1363 1364 13801381 1397 1398 1414 1415 1431 1432 1448 1449 1465 1466 14821483 1314 13151316 1331 13321333 134613491350 136513661367 1382 13831384 139914001401 1416 14171418 1433 1434 1435 1450 1451 1452 1467 14661469 148414851486 1317 1318 1334 1335 1351 1352 1368 1369 1385 1386 1402 1403 1419 1420 1436 1437 1453 1454 1470 1471 1487 1488 945 946 947 962 963 964 979 980 981 996 997 998 1013 1014 1015 1030 1031 1032 1047 1048 1049 1064 1065 1066 1081 1082 1083 1098 10991100 1115 11161117 1319 1320 1321 1336 1337 1338 1353 1354 1355 1370 1371 1372 1387 1388 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For quickest response, fax to 1-800-571-7730! to ;tj =? 5i p| _l 05 > [5 <^> > S" m ^5 3 m C/> ■n 3J 03 CO H c §< CO ^IMI CO z > I— m (/> m C/> ^ 33 O m 03 CO "D ^™ 00 cz -< ~n 5 S O 2 > ^ ^^™ ■— -i -n K ° m ^ -^ o -o D , § m o 5 m rn > > =h o id o m -< m CO See reverse side for card. 1. For FREE product information from individual companies, circle the corresponding inquiry numbers on the Response Card! 2. Print Your Name and Address Answer questions "A" through "E" and mail or fax card to 1-800-571-7730. 3. Product information will be rushed to you from the selected companies! MB m I *you can take advantage of the knowledge and insights from the world's leading computer hardware and software experts . <%&& «g^ 1 1 YES! want BYTE for: SAVE □ 1 year for $19.97 (12 issues) □ 2 years for $34.95 (24 issues) □ Payment enclosed □ Bill me 57% E50 Save Time! Fax 609-426-5592 off the newsstand cost! with BYTE, you maximize the productivity of the products you already have, and . . . 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Box 558 Hightstown, NJ. 08520-9409 NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES IIIm,I,,ImI,I,mI,III.mI.I.mI..IIIm.I.I.h,II.I NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS MAIL PERMIT NO. 42 HIGHTSTOWN, NJ POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE: mm Subscription Department P.O. Box 558 Hightstown, N.J. 08520-9409 I II ... I .. I , .1 . 1 .. .1 . 1 1 1 ... I . I ... I .. I II ... 1 .1 ... .1 1 . 1 BVTE m & * Although computers are technol- ogy, they are created by people. And the people who create them are not just one-dimensional nerds-in fact their breadth fuels their innovation. These 20 people have made the greatest impact on microcomputing. ■ Dan Bricklin Can you imagine doing business without the spreadsheet? Dan Bricklin can't. Bui, then, he invented it. He got the idea while sitting in a class at the Harvard Business School. As he watched the professor fill in spreadsheets on the chalkboard, he thought, Wouldn't it be nice if you could do that electronically? Bricklin designed the inter- face, and his partner, Bob Frankston, wrote most of the code. They released VisiCalc in 1979, an act that fomented the desktop rev- olution. At last, there was something useful to do on a microcomputer. Did he know at the time how important spreadsheets would be to computing? "Well, you always believe that your prod- uct's going to be wonderful and make majorchanges, but you can't always depend on that. 1 thought it would be very useful for business, and I tried to design it to be as useful [in] as many different areas as possible." What about today's sophisticated spread- sheet features? "For any given user, there are things that are superfluous, and for any given user, there are things that are missing. For my needs, just being able to recalculate is 90 percent of the way there. In that case, almost everything is sufficient." As important as VisiCalc was, the deci- sion not to seek patent protection helped spawn an entire industry. With a patent, Bricklin could have controlled the market for 1 7 years. Great for him; lousy for us. "Seeing the advances that did come about from people trying different things and [be- ing] willing to make compromises that we may not have been willing to make, 1 don't think the industry would have moved as far as it has." Lotus bought the VisiCalc rights in 1 985. Bricklin has gone on to design other successful, though more specialized, prod- ucts but none has revolutionized computing like the spreadsheet. ■ Bill Gates Here's one man who needs no introduction. Back in 1 975, Bill Gates and a high school buddy, Paul Allen, wrote a version of BA- SIC that ran in 4 KB on the MITS Altair 8800 computer. Soon they founded Microsoft and were creating versions of BASIC and other languages for various platforms. Their Big Break came in 1980 when IBM contracted with them to write Disk Operating System, or DOS, for its new PC. Through an incredible act of charity or stupidity, IBM gave Microsoft rights to sell versions of DOS to other manufacturers. Today, Gates is worth more money than the other 19 people on our list put together (and they include several multimillion- aires). But we're here to talk technology, not tax shelters. Gates, who is about to launch Microsoft Network, recalls that he uaiiiff J FATHER OFTHE SPREADSHEET, OAN BRICKLIN. BILL GATES: YOUR BASIC BILLIONAIRE. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 133 THE 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE NEXT ON OUR LIST, STEVE JOBS. and Allen long ago believed on-line services would be the killer application: "We thoughtthey would catch on in the 1 970s and the 1 980s. We always thought that would be the defining application and it would get the things in people's homes, which definitely turns out to be true but 1 5 years later than we expected." Why the delay? "What you can do with 300 baud is tricky... Then there was the small problem of a business model, how to deliver an essentially free service to people and get advertising to pay the freight. Finally, PCs lacked critical mass: Unless you get an immense number of people using it, it's of no value... We were naive to think that would spark a critical mass." Any final thoughts? "The last big revolu- tion in communications to have this kind of impact was the telephone. It was a two-way device, and it shrunk the world. The world became a different place." ■ Steve Jobs Unless you've been stuck on a streetcar named Mobius these past 20 years, you know the saga of Steve Jobs: College dropout, garage-shop inventor, cofounder of Apple Computer, ousted in 1 985 at age 30, cofounder of Next Computer. During the Apple II's heyday, he stood in the shad- ow of his partner, the technically superior Steve Wozniak. But his marketing moxie, his love affair with the microphone, and his unrelenting vision for the Macintosh, released in 1984 with a revolutionary GUI, catapulted Jobs beyond the limelight. As the name brashly implies, Jobs hoped the Next would be the next killer machine. But with an $ 1 1 ,000 price tag, even a high- tech Billy Graham couldn't win many con- verts. "We knew we'd either be the last hardware company that made it or the first that didn 't, and we were the first that didn't." He's repositioned Next and now wants to be the main man in object technol- ogy. "I went to Xerox PARC in 1 979, and 1 saw the Alto. There was a crude graphical user interface on it... within 10 minutes it was obvious that all computers would work this way someday. Objects are the same way. Once you understand what objects are. you realize that all software will be written using objects, object technology." What does this innovator think of to- day's interfaces? "The Mac has been dead in the water since 1985 in terms of its user interface. And Windows is still a sort of Transformed By Lincoln HE 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE caricature of the Mac. Windows 95 doesn't really get it. The user interface is not very good." Never short on bombast, Jobs likens to- day's GUI situation to TV. "You think it's a conspiracy [by] the networks to put bad shows on TV. But the shows are bad because that's whatpeople want. It's not likeWindowsusers don't have any power. I think they are happy with Windows, and that's an incredibly depressing thought." ■ Robert Noyce Can you imagine saying Germanium Gulch instead of Silicon Valley? Thank Mother Nature and Robert Noyce for sparing us from that mouth mangier. Here's why. In late 1958, a young engineer at Texas Instruments named Jack Kilby placed two circuits on a single piece of germanium, hand-wired the interconnects and — presto — created the first IC. Within months, Noyce and company at Fairchild Semiconductor used a planarprocess they had developed to connect the components on their version of the IC. In so doing, they discovered that the IC's conductivity was better and more controllable when silicon was used instead of germanium. To this day, Kilby and Noyce are both credited as the in- dependent co-inventors of the IC. Within three years, Fairchild and TI were producing affordable chips in volume using Noyce's process, a manufacturing technique that has undergone minor i mprovements but remains basically unchanged to this day. ICs werefirst used in a commercial product — a hearing aid — in 1 963. By the mid- 1 960s, they were used widely throughout the electronics industry. Noyce went on to cof ound Intel Corp. i n 1 968 and served as president and chairman of the board. In mid- 1988, after the U.S. chip industry had been losing market share to offshore competitors for years, Noyce was named CEO of Sematech. The government-indus- try consortium was established to conduct advanced computer chip R&D on behalf of its members and to advance U.S. competi- tiveness. It succeeded. Noyce, thesonof an Iowa minister, was widely regarded as a ROBERT NOYCE: FIRST NAME IN SILICON. gentleman and a scholar. He died at the rel- atively young age of 62 in 1 990. As an aside, a few years af terinventing the IC at Texas Instruments, Kilby helped toll the death knell for the time-honored slide rule when he was a member of the TI team that invented the first pocket calcula- tor. Kilby still works as a consultant. POWERE D BY MO TO R O L A INTRODUCING THE PERFECT BALANCE OF LUXURY AND TECHNOLOGY. THE 1995 LINCOLN CONTINENTAL IT LOOKS SMART — IT IS SMART. THE BRILLIANCE OF FORD ELECTRONICS AND OUR 68HC05 MOTOROLA MICROCONTROLLERS HAVE FASHIONED A MASTERPIECE THAT CAN DO EVERYTHING BUT YOUR TAXES. ELEGANTLY. FROM AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRONICS TO WATCH LIGHTS, PRODUCTS POWERED BY MOTOROLA ARE FAST BECOMING A WAY OF LIFE. FOR INFORMATION CALL 1-800-521-6274. M) MOTOROLA Semiconductor Products Sector THE 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE DENNIS RITCHIE CREATED A MENACE: UNIX. ■ Dennis Ritchie It took some chicanery to overcome one of the biggest hurdles to the development of Unix. And we're not talking about some kind of sleight-of-hand code writing. Launched in 1969 as a nonprofit venture between Bell Telephone Labs, General Electric, and MIT, the effort to create an OS for a large computer that would handle up to a thousand simultaneous users was almost scuttled early on for lack of a com- puter (they were really expensive in those days). Dennis Ritchie and his codevelopers, including Ken Thompson, finally suggested to BTL that it buy a PDP- 1 1 /20 for a text- preparation project. BTL regarded text preparation as something useful and spat out the seed money for the $ 1 00.000- plus machine. "There was a scam going on," Ritchie once recalled. "We'd promised [to develop] a word processing system, not an operating system. But by the time the full computer had arrived in the summer of 1970, work was moving at full steam on both." And thus was born Unix. The text-processing system was a success, and the patent depart- ment at BTL became the first commercial Unix user in the bargain. Unix, for which Ritchie deserves much of the credit, was one of the major advances in computing, giving the user features and functions that were previously unthinkable. It was not only a great advance but a great simplification, demonstrating that a relatively small OS could be portable, ma- chine independent, and affordable. The ad- vent of the workstation and the growth of networking have cinched Unix's place in computing. Since the late 1970s, Unix has had a profound impact on DOS. the Mac OS, Windows NT, and many others. Ritchie and Thompson wrote the first Unix Programmer 's Manual in 1971. Ritchie developed C, and i n the early 1970s, he and Brian Kernighan coauthored The C Programming Language. Ritchie, now in his mid-50s. still works at AT&T re- search labs, where he is developing OSes, including Plan 9 from Bell Labs. ■ Marc Andreessen Less than two years ago. while his classmates were still nursing graduation hangovers, Marc Andreessen, at the age of 22, cofounded Netscape Communications. The other founder is Dr. James H. Clark, founder and former chairman of Silicon Graphics, Inc. This, the youngest member THE 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE of our top 20, is the latest wunderkind to compile. What Steve Jobs was to the desk- top, Andreessen is to the Internet. His Netscape Navigator (nee Mosaic) for PCs, Macs, and Unix machines already accounts for more than half of all Web browsing. He led the development of the prototype while he was an undergraduate at the University of Illinois. Unlike some of the other wunderkind (whose names we won't men- tion), Andreessen graduated from college. ■ Bill Atkinson If you knew the Lisa like Bill Atkinson knew theLisa,then you knew a lot more about the Lisa than most of us wanted to know. But from this scarlet woman, named for Steve Wozniak's daughter, came a GUI. Atkinson wasthe chief wizard behind its graphics engine. The Lisa begat the Mac, and the rest is history. Today, as cofounder of Apple spin-off General Magic, Atkinson wants to create technology that he hopes will be welcomed into people's lives, rather than be a source of stress — technology like MagicCap.Wealsofondly recall that he DOUGENGELBART GRACE MURRAY HOPPER was the chief designer of HyperCard, the software construction kit that put Mac pro- gramming tools into the hands of millions of Mac users. ■ Tim Berners-Lee If the snobs who whine about the Internet's exploding popularity ever form a vigilante posse, the first man they'll hang is Tim Berners-Lee. He's the guy behind the World Wide Web, which he developed for the CERN (European Council for Nuclear Research) in Geneva, Switzerland, so that physicists could swap data easily. Berners- Lee developed the URL, HTML, and HTTP standards, from which he wove the Web. Since launching the Web in 1991, he has of- ten endorsed the idea of people using it for profitable transactions. He's now at MIT, where he directs the World Wide Web Consortium, which deals with Web security and other issues. He deserves a Nobel prize of some sort. ■ Doug Engelbart Got patent envy? You'll have a hard time matching this pioneer, who holds 20, most of which are on basic features in microcom- puting. Imagine microcomputing without windows; or word processing; or hyperme- dia, E-mail, and groupware; or the Internet. Imagine microcomputing without Doug Engelbart, now 70, who for years was a fix- ture at Stanford Research Institute. Engelbart had a vision that computers could be more than giant adding machines; they could be tools for human beings. A few years ago, he founded the Bootstrap Institute, dedicated to getting companies to collaborate on innovation. Comparisons with Thomas Edison do not seem P W E R ED B Y MOT R L A . NEITHER RAIN NOR SLEET NOR HAIL NOR DEAD OF NIGHT WILL STOP THE STANLEY "PREMIER" GARAGE DOOR OPENER FROM THE SWIFT COMPLETION OF ITS APPOINTED ROUNDS. IT'S SUPER-RELIABLE BECAUSE IT COUNTS ON A MOTOROLA CUSTOM CHIP TO HANDLE LIFE'S UPS AND DOWNS. FROM HARDWARE TO PERSONAL COMPUTERS, PRODUCTS POWERED BY MOTOROLA ARE FAST BECOMING A WAY OF LIFE. FOR INFORMATION CALL 1-800-521-6274. M) MOTOROLA Semiconductor Products Sector ■H THE 20 MOST WIP1TANT PEOPLE farfetched, which reminds us: He's best known for the first mouse — a wooden rodent invented in 1963. ■ Grace Murray Hopper As a child, Grace Murray Hopper liked to take apart alarm clocks. She was the first woman to earn a doctorate in math at Yale. In World War II, she joinedtheNavy and was assigned to its computational center at Harvard. Amazing Grace later developed the first compiler for Remington Rand's UNI VAC in the early 1 950s and led the charge to create COBOL. The Navy recalled her in 1967, and she was on active duty until 1 986. She died in 1 992 at the age of 85 with the rank of rear admiral. Anyone who met her could not help but be awe- struck by this diminutive fire storm of a human being. One pictures her stuck in pur- gatory, refusing to enter Heaven until St. Peter agrees to computerize. With a Lucky Strike hanging from her lip, she fires at the grand saint: "Beg your pardon, Sir, but your excuse, 'We've always done it this way,' is the most damaging phrase in the language." PHILIPPE KAHN DREW MAJOR ■ Philippe Kahn French swagger, German determination, jazz artistry — must be Philippe Kahn. This software swashbuckler writes great compil- ers, plays David against Microsoft's Goliath, and never bores us. The son of a German father and a French mother, Kahn grew up in Paris. He studied Pascal with N iklaus Wirth, took a degree in math, earned money playing jazz, and developed applications on an Apple II. But Pascal compilers were too slow, so he wrote Turbo Pascal. Then he marketed it. With only $2000 in his pocket, helanded in the U.S. with no green card and no job. He founded Borland International in an office over an automobile repair shop i n 1 983. Despite the humble abode, Kahn convinced a BYTE ad salesperson to accept on credit a full-page color ad f orTurbo Pascal. At a ridiculous $49.95, Kahn was swamped with orders. ■ Mitch Kapor "Software has been very, very good to me," Mitch Kapor once said. And, we add, Mitch Kapor has been very, very good to software. In 1982, he founded Lotus Development and, with Jonathan Sachs, createdLotus 1-2-3. Dan Bricklin invented the electronic spreadsheet (VisiCalc), but Kapor turned it into a more powerful, yet friendly, business tool. Lotus 1-2-3 remains the world's most widely used application. Given IBM's takeover of Lotus, it's interesting to note that Kapor once tried and failed to interest B ig Blue in an exclusive marketing deal for 1-2-3. He left Lotus in 1986. In 1990, he cofounded the Electronic Frontier Foundation, a nonprofitgroup dedicated to understanding the social impact of the digital revolution. Tadpole Technology is the leading developer and manufacturer of portable workstation-class comput- ers. Their modular design allows user-upgrade of memory and disks for optimal performance. Tadpole PI 000 •First 100MHz Pentium notebook. •Workstation-class performance for Windows, Windows 95, Windows NT and Solaris/PC UNIX users. •Up to 128MB DRAM, 256KB write- back cache, 810MB SCSI-2 removable hard disk. •Active 1 0.4" full color TFT display withl6-bit CD quality audio. •Rugged magnesium case and more... Ladies & Gentlemen, Start Your Workstations! V* AutoCAD® R 13 Compatible SPARCbook 3 Series •SPARCstation-class performance for Solaris UNIX users. •MicroSPARC 50 or microSPARCII 85MHz processor with Weitek graphics acclerator •Up to 128MB DRAM and 810MB SCSI-2 removeable hard disk •Internal ethernet, audio and video ports with PCMCIA interface. •Durable magnesium case and more.. a TADPOLE TECHNOLOGY Authorized Distributor Rave offers in-stock availability, custom configurations, software installation and a full warranty. Rave Computer Association is the leading reseller of remanufactured Sun Microsystems computer hardware. HUGE SAVINGS Off List Price SPARC 1, 2, 5, 10 & 20's Immediate Delivery Call today for free brochure! Rove Computer Association, Inc. 36960 Metro Court Sterling Heights, MI 48312 Fax: (810) 939-8230 1-800-966-7283 E-Mail: sales @rave.com 138 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 280 on Inquiry Card. when ycw*re sailing on the Web? He was lost too Anchor! pj Is ;ix)iJii b browsing was yeileTuay. Cohf^tit^Drixen Navigatii AuchorPage automatically creates hypertext indexes and abstracts of documents on your Web site, improving not only the organization of your Web site, but also the speed and efficiency of publishing information.* HEADS. IT'S It's your choice. | A little more than 50 percent of all business software in use today is pirated. If you buy it you could end up with virus- ridden, phony software that has no documentation or product support. Selling or copying pirated software without authorization is against the law, with severe criminal and civil penalties including imprisonment of up to five years, fines of up to $250,000, or both. If you suspect the sale or use of pirated software, call the BS A Anti- Piracy hotline: 13 (800) 688-BSA1 (2721) Business Softwaw Alliance THE 20 MOST IMPORTANT PEOPLE ■ Donald Knuth Nearly 20 years ago, while Donald Knuth was proofing galleys for the second edition of the first volume in his The Art of Pro- g ramming magnum opus, it hit him: A book of Os and 1 s doesn't have to be ugly. The re- sult was a 10-year hiatus from his Art series to develop TEX, a typesetting language for scientific publishing, and Metaf ont, an al- phabet design system. Then the prolific scholar/programmer knocked out six books to explain them. (Now there's a word pro- cessor.) Now professor emeritus at Stanford, his fourth Art volume of a planned seven is in press. Oh, he's also a biblical scholar, having written 3:16 Bible Texts Illuminated, a history that examines chapter 3, verse 16 i n each of the Bible's 5 9 books. ■ Thomas Kurtz Overkill. That's what Thomas Kurtz thinks of today's software. "The public has been sold the most complicated word processing systems imaginable, when all they want to do is to write a letter." Aching for simplicity in a computer programming language, Kurtz and John Kemeny codeveloped BA- SIC in 1 964. It has its detractors, but BASIC is still bundled on virtually every microcomputer sold. They never copyright- ed it, so dozens of variations appeared. This horrified the Drs. K, who dubbed the dialects "Street BASIC." In the 1980s, they formed a company to develop True BASIC, a lean version that meets ANSI and ISO standards. Kurtz is currently a professor emeritus at Dartmouth. Kemeny, once pres- ident of Dartmouth, died in 1 992. ■ Drew Major As Drew Major sees it, "In the next [com- puter] generation, nothing will not be con- nected." But what would you expect from Major, chief scientist at Novell and lead ar- chitect of NetWare, still the preeminent NOS (network OS). Fresh out of Brigham Young University in 1 980, Major and two buddies took a six-week consulting job at Novell (which was trying to make CP/M machines) and wound up staying 15 years. When NetWare 3.0 shipped in 1989, it con- tained server-based applications called NLMs (NetWare loadable modules), a great leap forward over the kludgy VAPs (value- added processes) of the previous version. How bad were VAPs? They're the only thing about NetWare that Major ever apolo- JOHNWARNOCK STEVE WOZNIAK gized for. Undoubtedly, his mother taught him to be polite. ■ Robert Metcalfe For five points, what came first: commer- cially sold PCs or the LAN? Robert Metcalfe knows. He outlined local networking technology in his doctoral dis- sertation at Harvard. In 1973, he went to Xerox PARC, where he invented Ethernet to connect the Alto computers (never sold commercially) in use there. Thus, the LAN was born before the first PCs were market- ed. Today Ethernet connects more than 50 million computers. In 1979, Metcalfe founded 3Com, a networking company. He retired in 1990 and was publisherof InfoWorld for VA years. So what does the Father of Ethernet think about the informa- tion highway? A fad. "Soon the fad will be over," he says. "Then we can get back to the business of building I-ways — another 50 years of plumbing." ■ Bjarne Stroustrup Perhaps because their native tongues are not widely spoken, Scandinavians are noted for their multilingual talents. So it's no sur- prise that C++ inventor Bjarne Stroustrup, a native of Denmark, rejects any notion of a universal programming language: "...the idea of spanning the whole spectrum of pro- gramming with one language is absurd." In the mid- 1 980s, Stroustrup, head of Bell Labs' large-scale programming research de- partment, defined the C++ object-oriented extension of the C language. He also authored two notable works on C++, including The C++ Programming Language. To those who whine about how hard C++ is to use, he says: "It wasn't meant to be learned in 2 hours." ■ John Warnock Two innovations clearly sparked the desk- top publishing revolution: The Mac and Wm us rili ulri lis Hi! tot r §f transi , tills rsifeifeti ilia 1 ! i&n m kti Ia mini Aeronics' new 68 Position IDC 0.025 Pitch Ribbon Cable Terminator will give your SCSI bus a boost. Why does my bus need a boost? Peripheral devices such as hard drives, CD-ROM drives, scanners, and printers that are interfaced with your computer have connec- tors manufactured by different companies that are connected to cable made by who-knows-who. Differences in peripheral cabling and connectors create signal impedance mismatches which can cause signalling errors, bottlenecks, and data transmission errors. Aeronics has the answers. Aeronics, the originator of Forced Perfect Termination (FPT), has added a new interconnect product to our family of high perfor- mance terminators that will drastically improve your SCSI bus performance. Aeronics' new 68 Position IDC 0.025 Pitch Ribbon Cable Terminator easily clamps onto your ribbon cable with a standard tool and replaces the low performance passive terminators frequently furnished by peripheral manufacturers. For those active negation drivers that generate higher than normal pull-up voltages that tend to overdrive the SCSI bus, Aeronics has developed the ALT-2ANHC. This new electrical configuration sinks unusual amounts of current due to charged cable capacitance and is available in most of Aeronics' interconnect products. How does Aeronics boost my bus? Aeronics' FPT active terminators purposely mismatch impedance higher and lower than the impedance of the transmission line, "forcing" the SCSI bus to operate as if the impedance between the host and peripherals is always matched. Because our terminators provide higher noise immunity, results are seen as improved data integrity, allowing your system to transfer data farther and faster while improving overall SCSI reliability. Terminate your SCSI bus performance problems once and for all. Aeronics' advanced terminator technology is available in a broad line of connection and electrical configurations that meet or exceed ANSI SCSI 1, 2, and 3 standards. Our passive, active, FPT, and differential terminators are 100% electrically tested, burned in, and delivered on time. With a minimum MTBF of 87,600 hours (10 years continuous duty), our quality terminators are backed by a limited lifetime warranty. Aeronics' high performance products leave passive and copycat terminators in the dust. If you want the same performance that high-end OEM SCSI systems have, choose the same terminator from Aeronics and give your bus a boost. Call or fax Aeronics today for the location of the reseller or distributor nearest you. For off-the-shelf delivery, call TCC at 1-800-TEC CABL (1-800-832-2225). INC. Turning concepts into reality. 12741 Research Blvd. • Suite 500 • Austin, TX 78759 Tel (512) 258-8040 • Fax (512) 258-8441 Circle 264 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 265). Save Disk Space PKZIP version 2.0 PC WORLD PKWARE introduces the next generation of its award winning compression utility. PKZIP 2.0 yields greater performance levels than achieved with previous releases of the software. PKZIP compresses and archives files. This saves disk space and reduces file transfer time. Software developers! You can significantly reduce WOPLD CLASS P roc *uct duplication costs by decreasing the number of axa/adh disks required to distribute your applications. Call for AWARD Distribution License information. a Diet Put Your Executables Software developers! Save disk space and media costs with smaller executables. You can distribute your software in a compressed form with PKLITE Professional. 1 PKLITE Professional gives you the ability to compress files so that they cannot be expanded by PKLITE. This discourages reverse engineering of your programs. PKLITE increases your valuable disk space by compressing DOS executable (.EXE and .CON) files by an average of 45%. The operation of PKLITE is transparent, all you will notice is more available disk space! Compression for YOUR Application The PKWARE Data Compression Library allows you to incorporate data compression technology into your software applications. The application program controls all the input and output of data, allowing data to be compressed or extracted to or from any device or area of memory. All Purpose Data Compression Algorithm compresses ASCII or binary data quickly. The routines can be used with many popular DOS languages. A Windows DLL and an OS/2 32-bit version is also available! © 9025 N. Deerwood Drive Brown Deer, Wl 53223-2437 (414) 354-8699 fax (414) 354-8559 PKWARE, INC. WEB SITE # http://www.pkware.com PKWARE Data Compression Library for DOS $275 -PKWARE Data Compression Library for OS/2 $350 PKWARE Data Compression Library DLL for Windows $350 PKZIP $47.00 PKLITE $46.00 PKLITE Professional $146.00 Please add $5.00 S&H per package in the US & Canada. $11.25 overseas. Wisconsin residents add appropriate state sales ta.x &r county sales tax. Visa and Mastercard accepted, no COD orders. BY995 IMPORTANT PEflP John Warnock's Postscript PDL (page- description language). Warnock cut his teeth at Xerox PARC, where he developed graphics imaging standards. In 1982, he and his partner, Charles Geschke, founded Adobe Systems to create pioneering software products for desktop publishing and electronic document technology. As millions of computer users begin to wander the information highway, War- nock sees a day when cross-platform document and graphics standards will be a reality. "I think meaningful document standards will emerge over the next five years. There is a need for an abstraction layer that is independent of operating systems." ■ Niklaus Wirth Pascal begat Modula 2. Modula 2 begat Oberon. And Niklaus Wirth begat them all. Wirth, of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, likes to quote Albert Einstein: "Make it as simple as possible but not sim- pler." Much of today's software is overweight and inefficient. Wirth is show- ing a simpler way with OOP (object-orient- ed programming). His latest, Oberon (a lan- guage and an OS), lets developers reuse built-in data structures without recompiling the entire OS. Applications are replaced by leaner tools that the OS can access on demand. One result: fewer bugs. Need more proof? The Oberon PC version, including a GUI, uses 1 .5 MB of RAM; Microsoft Windows 3.1 needs 4 MB. ■ Steve Wozniak Consider Steve Wozniak, the Wizard of Woz, the Ultimate Hacker, one of the great garage inventors of all time. With the millions he earned when Apple went public, Woz no longer works like the rest of us. The Father of the Apple II (don't worry, the other Steve gets some credit, but it was Woz's baby) now throws his energy into helping youths learn computers. "I believe more and more we should support the people who are not computer experts." He not only spends hundreds of hours teaching, he also personally picks up the cost of AOL accounts for about 1 00 kids. "The worst problem isn't so much students, but teachers really need forced training. It costs money. The school board has to sit back and reprioritize what is going to be taught." Circle 235 on Inquiry Card. N- C0RK1. mmJm/r ss-~»r t Graphics! CorelDRAW 6 is here!!! With awesome speed, power and accuracy plus hundreds of enhancements, CorelDRAW 6 reaches i CorelDRAW 6 - Multiple Document Interface, increased speed and power Corel PRESENTS 6 - CorelMOVE, CorelCHART and CorelSHOW integrated into one professional presentation module a new level of graphics productivity. CorelDRAW 6 offers fully-featured software applications for illustration, photo-editing and bitmap creation, business and multimedia presentations and 3D rendering. Plus nine great utilities and incredible libraries. Includes € CorelDRAW 6 € Corel PHOTO-PAINT 6 i Corel PRESENTS 6 i CorelDREAM 3D 6 Plus • 25,000 clipart images and symbols 1 1 ,000 photos • 1 ,000 TrueType® and Type I fonts c Over 500 3D models « « € # Circle 219 on Inquiry Card. ASAP SOFTWARE EXPRESS, INC. 1-800-248-2727 99* Special pricing valid through August 30, 1995, *USS plus applicable taxes ViCOREL* "■~ custserv@coret.ca Call now for faxed literature! 1-613-728-0826 ext. 3080 Document #1082 SCEPTRE MAKES A MONITOR FOR EVERY APPLICATION, INCLUDING YOURS co CC-617GL + * m^fwm <& j CC-615&+; LCDMon/'for *CC-617GL+ Viewab le Diogonal Screen Size = 15.9" { 1 7" CRT) *CC-615GL+ Vi e wable Diagonal Screen Size = 13.9" (1 5" CRT). *CC-717GL+ Multimedia Viewable D i ag£nal_ Screen Size = 15. 7" (17" C R T) 'CE-6NGL Viewable Diagonal Screen Size = 1 2.8" ( 1 4 T CRT)~ * CS-621 Viewable Diagonal Screen Size;- 1 9.8" (21" CRT) CE-6NGL* CS-62V More than 10 years of ongoing research and development and a large investment in unique technology have produced a family of quality computer monitors. There is a razor sharp, flicker free, static free, low radiation Sceptre monitor to fit virtually every application — and every location. We even manufacture the remarkable new LCD flat panel display monitor. Ifs detachable 11.3" screen is less than 2" thick, weighs 2.8 pounds and can be wa//-mounted when work space is at a premium. Sceptre monitors have never looked so brilliant. Call 1-800-788-2878. SEE US AT ®dNnMM7Fdl'95 BOOTH #S4444 All screen Im ages simulated Excellence For All The World Td See SCEPTRE donates a portion of all profits to the Zoological Society of San Diego in support of C.R.E.S., the Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species. © 1 995 SCEPTRE Technologies, Inc. All Rights Reserved. All product and brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. BYTE Circle 260 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 261). Sometimes you get it; sometimes you don't. Why should computer companies be any different? There doesn't seem to be a single one that has the complete Midas touch. ■ Apple III Apple Computer Apple's first designed-for-business computer was plagued with hardware gremlins after its 1980 debut. Or perhaps gremlins isn't the right word — ogres might be more accurate. At one point, Apple ad- vised users of malfunctioning units to lift their machine several inches off the desk- lop and then drop it — to reseat loose chips. The Apple 111 engineering group was disbanded in 1984. ■ VisiOn VisiCorp This integrated software package had a slick windowing interface and was supposed to be the smash-hit sequel to VisiCalc, the first spreadsheet program. But two years after it appeared in 1982, VisiOn was "visioff." ■ MSX Microsoft You think everything Microsoft touches turns to gold? Think again. MSX, a Z80- based computer standard developed with several Japanese companies in 1 983, flopped so badly that only a handful of MSX machines were ever sold in the U.S. Somehow Microsoft survived. ■ Lisa Apple Computer With 1 MB of RAM, 2 MB of ROM, a 5-MB hard drive, and the first GUI ever seen on a personal computer, the Lisa was a breakthrough machine in 1 983. It cost $ 1 0,000 and crawled like a slug, however. When the Macintosh arrived in 1984 at $2495, the Lisa was doomed. In 1989, the last 2700 Lisas were buried in a Utah landfill. ■ Aquarius Mattel When Mattel demonstrated this computer at a trade show in 1983, employees had to conceal one of the keys with masking tape. For some bizarre reason known only to Mattel engineers, the Aquarius had a con- venient key that instantly rebooted the computer and wiped out all your data. ■ DEC Rainbow Digital Equipment Corp. In the early 1980s, several companies tried to sell computers that ran MS-DOS but weren't IBM PC-compatible. One was the DEC Rainbow, which became famous as the computer that couldn't format its own floppy disks. You had to buy preformatted blank disks from DEC — at a considerable markup. The Rainbow quickly faded in 1985. ■ Gavilan Mobile Computer Gavilan Computer Corp. This early 8088-based laptop had an eight- line LCD screen, an innovative touchpad, and an optional printer that attached to the back. But it wasn't PC-compatible and suf- fered from technical problems. In 1984, a Gavilan executive announced, "The micro- computer industry is entering a new chap- ter—Chapter 1 1." DIM PROSPECTS FOR DATA GENERAL. APPLE'S USA: BEAT OUT BY A GUY NAMED MAC. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 145 r .. 20 ; S P E C TA e U I A R FA I L U R E S ■ Adam Coleco For the incredibly low price of $599, eager buyers got a Z80-based home computer with a daisy-wheel printer, a 512-KB tape drive, and bundled software — luxurious features in 1 984. But the Adam was so poorly designed that it sometimes erased its own tapes during boot-up. It was nicknamed the "Adam bomb." ■ PCjr IBM This cruelly crippled cousin of the IBM PC was supposed to conquer the home market in 1984. Instead, it was overshadowed by Apple's launch of the Macintosh, and its chiclet keyboard and sky-high price drove away hordes of buyers. The PCjr died a laughingstock in 1985. ■ Mindset PC Mindset Too far ahead of its time, the Mindset tried to bring dazzli ng color graphics to business users in 1984. Unfortunately, it wasn't com- GAVILAN HAD THE RIGHT IDEA BUT WASN'T PC. pletely PC-compatible, andmost business users thought color graphics were for game machines. (Little did they know....) How- ever, the Mindset became the first computer in the New York Museum of Modern Art's permanent industrial collection. ■ DG/One Data General This 10-poundlaptophada 12-inch LCD screen, a mighty impressive feature in 1984. In theory, anyway: The nonbacklit screen was almostreadableif the light was just right and you had the vision of Superman. Most people didn't. ■ Osborne II Osborne Computer In 1984, Adam Osborne announced that he would introduce a new version of his Osborne I, the first successful portable computer. In anticipation of the Osborne 11 's superior features and performance, sales of the Osborne I plummeted. When the Osborne II was delayed, the company's finances plummeted. Within months, Osborne was in bankruptcy court. ■ Jazz Lotus Development This 1985 integrated software package was supposed to turn the Mac into a whiz-bang business machine. But most reviewers said that Jazz didn't boogie, and Microsoft Excel outsold it 3 to 1 . After Microsoft in- troduced its own integrated software, Works, Jazz sang the blues. Peabody Here. With The Fax-On-Deman System That Wont Set You "Way Back." As a recognized authority in the fields of technology and history, it is no surprise that COPIA has asked me to say a few words about their FaxFacts product. After all, we are both best of breed. i Retrieve Info via fax/voice i Expandable to meet your needs i U.S. Patent holder for same call fax delivery i Fax Broadcast/Fax Mailbox i Fax from any Windows program i IVR provides realtime queries i Credit Card charge per fax nets by Copio International Ltd Wheaton, Illinois 60187 800/689-8898 TRY THIS DEMO: 708/924-3030 DOC. NO. 889812 v/-;i 3 FEATURED UNIX PRODUCTS FOR MICROSOFT WINDOWS NT FROM SOFTWAY AMERICA; ■ Hummingbird eXceed X for Windows NT $397 Full featured Xsohwore (or Windows NJ ■ B&W Connect NFS for Windows NT from $359 Client & server NFS solutions (or HI ■ MKS Toolkit for Windows NT $199 UNIX shell, commands & utilities (or NT ■ Microsoft Windows NT 3.51 Workstation $299 The new "Open Systems" workstation ■ Microsoft Windows NT 3.51 Server from $695 The ultimate multi-OS server Other great UNIX products for Intel PCs ■ UnixWare Personal Edition 2.01 $289 Desktop UNIX with graphics & networking ■ UnixWare Application Server 2.01 $1,095 Unlimited user UNIX with the "works"! ■ WordPerfect 6.0 for UnixWare $331 State of the artgraphicol word processing for UNIX! Microsoft pM Coll for our complete list of UNIX products! === BONUS!!! Order one of our products for Windows NT today and receive a FREE shareware and sampler CD-ROM containing the hottest UNIX & internet tools for Windows NT. For years the UNIX™ system vendors have been trying to make UNIX and Windows work together on the same machine - without much luck. Now its our turn to siiow you how Windows NT can be your next integrated "Open Systems" platform. Softway America is one of the world's leading suppliers of UNIX products for Intel-based platforms. We specialize in integrating UNIX tools and networking products with Microsoft Windows NT — tools to give you NFS client/server networking. X Windows, UNIX commands & utilities and full blown UNIX development environments. On top of that we oiler great prices and support on all products and a no risK 30-day money back guarantee that makes us the place to come for UNIX products! CALL NOW... 1-800-CET-UNIX ■Software .l»M»r*€*a w □ •GREAT PRICES V\ SERVICE*. SUPPORT Fl • SATISFACTION GUARANTEED Softway America Incorporated P.O. Box 2821 Evergreen, Colorado 80437-2821 Phone: 303/670-5345 Facsimile: 303A727-7618 E-mail: sales@softway.com WWW: http://www.softway.com/arnerica All registered trademarks and trademarks are the properly oi their respective owners. 14-6 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 275 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 276). LIFE JUST GOT EASIER! Datapro has the First One-Stop, Electronic Source for Unclassified Information Security Documents and Directives: DATAPRO GTACH S € R I e s Government Technologies & Computers, Communications, and Control Security and Regulations Segment GSA #: GS00K94AGS51 02-PS01 Until now, locating unclassified government security information quickly - and keeping it in one convenient place - has been next to impossible. Datapro Information Services Group's new monthly updated CD-ROM, "GTAC 3 ," is the solution for quick, easy access to unclassified security data from sources such as: • NCSCs "Rainbow Series" • Carnegie-Mellon University's CERT Advisories • NCSC Conference Proceedings • Computer Security Laboratory Bulletins • DoD Regulations • DOE Directives • NISTs Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) • Public Laws GTAC 3 includes over 200 unclassified documents, News Briefs, Calendar of Events - plus full coverage of the global information security industry. Datapro Information Services Group A Division ofTheMcGraw-Hill Companies For more information, call or fax us today. 600 Delran Parkway, Delran, NJ 08075 Tel: 800-328-2776, 609-764-0100 Fax: 609-764-2812 McGraw-Hill House, Shoppenhangers Road Maidenhead, Bershire, England SL6 2QL Tel: +44 1628 773277 Fax: +44 1628 773628 20 Cecil Street, 21-07 The Exchange, Singapore 0104 Tel: +65 5384432 Fax: +65 5384436 20 SPECTAGtltAR FAILURES ■ TopView IBM Preceded by a year of hype and ballyhoo, TopView was supposed to bring multitask- ing to DOS programs on IBM PCs. In 1 985, however, the typical PC had an 8088 or a 286 CPU with 256 to 640 KB of RAM. Hardware and compatibility problems soon droppedTopView out of sight. ■ Windows 1.0 Microsoft This is the only spectacular failure that eventually made a comeback and became a spectacular success. Announced in 1983 and shipped in 1 985, Windows 1 .0 was so crude that it was mocked by Mac users and largely ignored by PC users. Not until Microsoft released version 3.0 in 1 990 did Windows become a hit. ■ Access Microsoft We're talking about the 1985 terminal pro- gram, not the 1992 relational database. Need we say more? PCJR: CHICLETS ARE FOR GUM-NOT FOR KEYBOARDS. ■ PC Convertible IBM Reviewers weren't exactly thrilled with IBM's first laptop in 1 986. IBM retailer president Jay Rosovsky responded, "So what? It's going to sell well because it says IBM and might legitimize a lap market that's been wallowing. I don't think it's technologically great shakes." He was wrong, and he was right. ■ dBase IV Ashton-Tate Released in 1988 after long delays, dBase IV was so riddled with bugs that many users fled back to dBase III Plus. Two years later, dBase IV 1 . 1 finally fixed some of the bugs, but the damage was done. Borland bought Ashton-Tate in 1991 and spent three more years porting dBase to Windows. ■ Momenta Pentop Momenta This 386-based portable pen computer could run either Windows or a proprietary GUI environment and was considered intriguing enough to make the cover of B YTE in November 1991. But it weighed 7 pounds, cost $4995, and was hobbled by poor handwriting recognition. After its shining Momenta in the sun, the company expired in 1992. ■ OSI International Standards Organization OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a seven-layer reference model for network protocols that was supposed to set a new standard for interoperability. Thanks to strong backing from the federal government, it never had a chance. U K ^ £. | _ — \ MlE<3RiTYJ) ■ visual merging & visual differencing ' full integration into Visual C**, Borland O, Visual Basic and File Manage! ■ reporting capabilities for all management needs ■ configuration language and event triggers • industry leading Make/Configuration Builder • unprecedented security and management with NetWare integration ■ unlimited branching & merging, file locking • support for source, text, graphics, binaries, libraries & spreadsheets • documented API available More than 30.000 sites depend on MKS Source Integrity for their critical development needs. Because effective source code management today makes your team more productive tomorrow Your source code's future depends on how well you manage its past. Development teams need to track a project's entire history and rebuild past versions quickly and accurately — with 100% assurance of reliability and integrity — every time. MKS Source Integrity {MKS RCS] does all of this — and leverages your entire team to its maximum productivity. MKS Source Integrity is the most comprehensive software configuration management (SCM) solution for client/server development across multiple platforms. It's project oriented. And it is the only system to offer sandboxes, ensuring each developer a safe, personalized place to work. Take a free test drive witl-i NIKS Source Integrity! Call L-800-265-2797 today! 30 day unconditional money back guarantee WS RCS and MKS Source Integrity are trademarks of Mortice Kern Systems Inc. All other trademarks acknowledaed. "If Cognos. Gupta. Microsoft, and Powersoft all want you to be able to use Mortice Kern Systems (RCS) software configuration management tool with their development tools (and they've all built in hooks), maybe you should check it out Datamation, August 19 MKS MOHTiCr Kf.R.\' Ji-iTl-IMSI.'X. Phone: 519884-2251 Fax: 519-88-1-8861 Internet: sales®mks,com CompuServe User ID: 73260, !0<13 MKS Germany; 49-711-16714-0 Circle 76 on Inquiry Card. Smart Connectivity does more than simply get you from here to there. wvv\\ u i ' " / /y, It connects you simply, easily and securely. I It offers endless solutions. Smart Connectivity gives you the power to quickly go where you need to go. It gives you the freedom to navigate the j information age. Smart Connectivity works seamlessly and keeps pace with your changing needs. Smart Connectivity offers solutions for success. SMARTERM is Smart Connectivity. SmarTerm offers smart emulation and TCP/IP connectivity choices for Windows, 32-bit Windows, and DOS. SmarTerm is the most precise terminal emulation for UNIX, VAX/VMS, MV, and AViiON hosts and includes TCP/IP (a Windows Sockets DLL) and LAT protocol stacks. It works in every network environment — both Ethernet or Token Ring. SmarTerm is easy to use and support with its powerful automation tools and top-notch Technical Support Team. Evaluate SmarTerm's Smart Connectivity. Call Persoft today at 1 -800-368-5283. "PC Week Labs recommends SmarTerm... " -Michael Blakely, PC Week Persoft, Inc., 465 Science Dr., P.O. Box 44953, Madison, Wisconsin 53744-4953 U.S.A. Phone (608)273-6000, FAX (608)273-8227 Persoft Inc, European Headquarters, Lower Woodend Barns, Fawley, Henley-on-Thames, Oxfordshire, RG9 6JF, United Kingdom Phone +44 (0)1491 638090, Fax +44 (0)1491 638010 Copyright 1995 Persoft, Inc. All Rights Reserved. SmarTerm and Persoft are registered trademarks of Persoft, Inc. All other trademarks are property of their respective owners. Circle 234 on Inquiry Card. persofr CONNECTIVITY SOLUTIONS DOS • Windows • Ethernet • Token Ring sofwpM LEASINC ACCESS i CONTROL AffiTERSNf \ WRIEtP PROCES? MODULE . toil S0FTW2*§| PPLICAT1' 1 "mwunic What You Protect Is Your Business. Keeping It Protected Is Ours. Most people don't know it, but Software Security's advanced protection technology safeguards and enhances a wide range of products in addition to commercial software applications. We protect the firmware used in manufacturing processes and voice processing systems. Companion disks for college textbooks. Proprietary data and applications used by companies throughout the world. Our technology is also used to deliver pay-per- access information retrieval capabilities, to guarantee 100% software registration, to ensure secure electron- ic transactions and much more. Including, of course, to protect software. Software Security knows that no matter what you're protecting, what you're really protecting is your business. And we have more ways than anyone else to keep it safe, including the industry's most powerful hardware- based solutions, network license management, software metering, and remote transaction capabilities. If your company has developed technology that shouldn't fall into just anyone's hands, contact Software Security today at 800-841-1 316 After all, protection isn't just our business. It's yours. SOFTWARE /^_ SECURITY c 6 THORNDAL CIRCLE DAR1EN, CT 06820-5421 203-656-3000 Fax: 203-656-3932 BBS: 203-656-3928 Software Security International, Ltd., London: +44-(0) 1784-430-060 Fax: +44-(0) 1784-430-050 Minsk. SSI Belarus: +|7> 0172-45-21-03 Cermany, STS; 0130 81 1257 France, Micro Sigma: +33 1 46 22 9988 Italy, Tecnosoft SRL: +39 22692 2888 Bulgaria. Synthesis Soft: +3592 655010 Netherlands. B-Tree Software: +31 30 881008 Denmark, Infolex Software: +45 53517033 Norway, Ravenhoim Computing A/S: +47 2211 0950 Finland. Xi-Tech Oy AB: +358 0628 486 Australia. CEANET: +61 2 922-6311 Circle 246 on Inquiry Card. Co Hackerdom is divided into two parts: technologically adept and clever people, who could write a computer game in a night, and, sadly, irresponsible slimeballs, who hijack computer and phone systems for the heck of it. Here is a look at some of the amazing stunts that have been pulled by both hackers and crackers. ■ Breaking, Stealing, and Phone- Phreaking When Kevin D. Mitnick was finally bagged by the FBI on February 15, 1995, in Raleigh, North Carolina, he had been on the lam since 1992 from a three-year probation — part of his sentence from a 1989 conviction for stealing software from DEC. This accomplishment made him the first person convicted under a law against gaining access to an interstate computer network for criminal purposes. Mitnick al- so did a year in the slammer for that one. Physicist and computer security expert Tsutomu Shimomura assisted authorities in tracking Mitnick down this time, after Mitnick invaded Shimomura's own computer during an assault on San Diego Supercomputer Center systems. If the latest allegations stick, Mitnick faces a somewhat more stable future of up to 35 years in prison and $500,000 in fines. Besides stealing DEC's VMS OS— val- ued by DEC at a million dollars — and ne- cessitating some 18 months and $ 1 60,000 on DEC's part to defend its compromised computers and track him down, other alleged feats on Mitnick's resume include breaking into a California motor vehicles database, lifting 20,000 credit card account numbers from an on-line service, gaining control of New York and California telephone switching hubs via modem, eavesdropping on phone calls, mutating ba- sic home telephones into quarter-demand- ing pay phones, and stashing data he filched from other networks in files of the California-based Well on-line service. In addition to typing skills, Mitnick ap- parently has a knack for keeping a step ahead of pursuers by perusing their plans on their own E-mail systems, scanning po- lice bands for mentions of his whereabouts, and using cellular phones. Mitnick has an interesting system for getting systems ad- ministrators to bestow upon him network access codes, passwords, and privileged status for accounts he controls — the keys to their computer kingdoms: He asks them to, disguising his true identity and offering some plausible tale. During his stays in jail, he is routinely forbidden to dial telephone numbers himself lest he wreak some phone- phreaking black magic havoc. He has deniedever cracking the NORAD (North American Air Defense) Command comput- er, a rumored exploit that supposedly inspired the movie War Games. ■ The Worm That Roared At 8 p.m. on November 2. 1988, 22-year- old Cornell University graduate student KtVIN MIINILK A HHREAKER SO DANGEROUS SOMEONE ELSE MUSI PlAL't HIS UNt PHONE CALL HERE HE IS, A MAN WHO WORMED HISWAYINTD OUR HEARTS: ROBERTMDRRIS. SI -PI liMBBR I9i)5 BY 1 NOTED AND NOTORIOUS HACKER. FEATS YES, THERE IS JOY IN M UDVILLE-BILL JOY, THAT IS, INVENTOR OFAHOSTOFUNIX UTILITIES. Robert Tappan Morris launched a worm program that he had written from an MIT account. Imagine his surprise upon learning that his worm — designed specifically to tra- verse the Internet autonomously, finesse Unix loopholes he had laboriously researched, exploit the eccentricities of sendmail, scan lists of addresses for weak links, fool investigators into thinking it came from Berkeley, guess at passwords us- ing a list of hundreds of common ones, and duplicate itself ceaselessly — was causing trouble on the network. This computer cancer multiplied exponentially, filling up memories, stuffing disk drives, and consuming execution resources until machines began crashing one after another. Within hours, more than 6000 computer systems — fully one-tenth of the Internet — had been brought to their knees, affecting businesses, universities, the federal government, NASA, and the Air Force. Days of round-the-clock work were required to purge the infection from the sys- tems and remedy the injury that had been done. Workers and researchers lost days of active computer time. A new government team of experts, CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team), was organized specifically to deal with any future incidents like the Morris worm. Because he had discussed his worm-to-be with friends for weeks before launch day, it did not take authorities long to put two and two together and zero in on Morris. One of the first to be tried and convicted under the Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1 986, Morris faced possible sentences of up to five years in prison and $250,000 in fines but received a slap on the wrist: only three years of probation, 400 hours of community service, and a $10,000 fine. It was pointed out by his defense that the worm did not ac- tually delete or modify any files — small comfort to those who had to deal with the mess and whose cost estimates ranged from a modest $15 million to over $100 million. Morris said he meant no harm. ■ Like Father, Like Son Robert Morris, Sr., Robert T. Morris's father and by odd coincidence a computer security expert with the National Security Agency, used to vie with rival Ken Thomp- son, one of the inventors of Unix, when both worked for Bell Labs. Legend has it that Morris, Sr., once typed two specific characters into a terminal and brought down one of the first versions of Multics. Deja vu. ■ The 75-Cent Solution Clifford Stoll, by training an astronomer, by occupation a systems administrator at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, was inves- tigating a 75-cenl discrepancy in a suppos- edly defunct computeraccount that seemed to have been commandeered by an unautho- rized user. The intruder was giving himself system privileges and creating accounts with names like Hunter, Jaeger, Benson, and Hedges. Although Stoll could have sim- ply changed passwords, reassigned privileges, and so forth — effectively slam- ming the door on the intruder — he chose in- stead to monitor the intruder's on-line ac- tivity in the system. What the intruder was doing was using the LBLcompulers as a jumping-off point into the Arpanet, and then the Milnet (an unclassified military network), and thence to various Department of Defense computers on bases nationwide. From the files being examined, it was clear that the intruder was looking for secret American military information. Stoll was on the trail of a hacker spy. The investigation took months, then years. By rigging connections that would page him whenever the intruder struck, Stoll was able to trace the connection back from LBL to a Tymnet node in McLean, Virginia, then to a bank of modems at Mitre Corp., and finally to West Germany. Stoll's a successful ruse that got the intruder to re- quest defense information by mail, giving a name and address of one affiliate of the in- truder. Atthatpoint, local police, the FBI, and the CIA became involved. The intruder, it turned out, was one of a group of young German men hoping to gel rich quick by peddling stolen software and information to the Soviet KGB. They began by selling stolen DEC software, then pilfered nonvital defense-related docu- ments, and ended by selling each other down the river. Of the group, Karl Koch (aka Hagbard Celine, a fictional character that is, by contrast, a hero) committed sui- cide or was murdered — no one ever deter- mined which; Hans Huebner (aka Pengo, a penguin in a computer game) had all charges dropped due to his tender years; Dirk-Otto Brzezinski (or Dob) received a 14-month sentence and a $2500 fine: Peter Carl received a two-year sentence and a $ I 500 fine: and Markus Hess (the actual in- truder with a penchant for certain brands of cigarettes) received a 20-month sentence and a $5000 fine. None of the defendants served any time. Stoll testified at the trial and later wrote a book about his experience, The Cuckoo's Egg (Doubleday, 1989). ■ Uncrackable Code Creator It's not often that one programmer gets to define an entire genre of software, but Philip Zimmerman has done it. His PGP (Pretty Good Privacy) is a freeware program that uses RSA (Rivesl-Shamir- Adleman) -style public-key encryption al- gorithms to create secure encrypted versions of sensitive documents that can be sent over the Internet as E-mail without fear of compromise. The intended recipient then uses his or her code to decrypt the document. The security of the algorithm is 5 Him DS5B Our cover story told DOS PC users to rejoice. Why? "Windows will breathe new life into your machine." The Dow Jones broke the 2900 barrier for the first time. KVXE SEPTEMBER 1995 by Dat w WBL m\mi\mmmm\ Dataproducts' Typhoon 8 is the ultimate desktop printer. With stunning, typeset-quality 1200 dpi resolution, full-bleed 1 1" x \T imaging, Adobe PostScript® Level 2, PCL 5 and now, free camera-ready faxing r the Typhoon 8 takes laser printing to incredible new heights. Leave your network printing problems behind. The Typhoon 8's patented Virtual Printer Technology (VPT™) — -* handles multiple — protocols and provides custom settings for up to 64 users on your network! So get up to speed. At $5, 199, we've broken the price barrier to the next level of printing. Call today and ask about our free PostScript fax/modem offer 1-800-980-0374 Taking your printing needs by storm © 1995 Dataproducts Corporation. Dataproducts and Dataproducts with its associated logomark are registered trademarks and Typhoon and VPT are trademarks of Dataproducts Corp. PostScript is a registered trademark of Adobe Systems Inc. Circle 220 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 221). NOTED AND NOTORIOUS HACKED FEATS based on the computational difficulty of finding the prime factors (the "keys" to the code) of very large numbers. Becausethe U.S. does not allow crypto- graphic hardware and software to be export- ed — even when, as here, the essence of the algorithm is mathematical theory that any- one can learn — Zimmerman has had a num- ber of encounters with police types since PGP's debut in 1 990. It seems strange that a democratic government would find itself among those opposing privacy, but comput- ers make strange bedfellows. ■ Uncrackable Code Cracker In 1 977, Ronald Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Leonard Adleman (the RSA of RS A public- key encryption) created a short message with their code and challenged all comers to crack it. Arjen K. Lenstra, a scientist at Bellcore (Bell Communications Research), took up thegauntletin 1993 and in May 1994 Can Your UPS Do This? TT I ■■=■■! I ~ I :^j TRIPP LITE THE POWER PEOPLE Smart Series Exclusive #1 Power Alert Plus software allows you to view operating information on any network station from any network station. Smart Series Exclusive #2 PowerAlert Plus records all power problems networkwide to one easy-to-view Master Log. Smart Series Exclusive #3 PowerAlert Plus' built-in graphing utility allows you to graph incoming power anywhere on the network. 500 N. Orleans Chicago, IL 60610 Tel: 312/755-8741 Fax: 312/644-6505 FIND OUT MORE Call now and we'll send you our FREE VIDEO or your no-obligation sample unit. 312/755-8741 AskforDept.Q30 280VAto5000VA models available NetWare J5S&3 nniii The Smart Series UPS from Tripp Lite The Power Protection Price Leader announced that RSA-1 29 (so-called because its public key is 1 29 digits — 429 bits — long) had been cracked. RSA had to pony up $ 1 00, the reward offered for the feat. The eight-month effort was no mere com- puter program. The complexity of finding the prime factors of large numbers required the organization of a "metacomputer": a loose confederation of many computers, each working on a piece of the problem. This particular project involved the spare execution cycles of some 1 600 PCs and workstations and 600 teammates scattered along the Internet all over the country. Not to worry about possible threats to se- curity as a result of this particular code- cracking. First it's unlikely that such eight- month/1600-computer projects would go unnoticed. And second, actual real-life en- cryption uses keys 5 1 2 to 1 024 — or more — bits long. A 1 024-bit RSA key would require 3 x 10 il MlPS-years to crack. So, what did the decoded message say? "The magic words are squeamish ossifrage." Shoulda guessed. Hi, Liz, Guess Who? In 1994, an unknown temporary worker at British Telecom used his boss's passwords, conveniently taped to the side of his computer monitor, to ferret out the secret not-published-in-any-directory phone num- bers of Her Royal Majesty the queen, Prime Minister John Major, and several top-secret MI5 installations, among others. Freelance Scottish journalist Steve Fleming saw a scoop and sold the tale to The Independent. In the meantime, the list of phone numbers was also posted on the Internet before it was yanked by investigat- ing officials. Then, the unknown temp turned out to be — Steve Fleming. No one knows how many unexpectedphone calls Her Majesty has had to field. 154 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 250 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 251). C&R Kbrus - Italy +39 6 5899629 Visual Multimedia Without Writing IN ow you can with MediaWorks. MediaWorks is a totally code free Windows- based multimedia authoring tool. Create computer-based training programs, interactive presentations, kiosks, electro- nic catalogs, special interactive encyclopedias, reference systems, electronic newsletters, CD-ROM titles and hundreds of other interacti- ve applications. This was once only achievable by writing lines of complicated code. Now MediaWorks allows you to create your own Windows based interactive applications with totally code free object oriented programing. MediaWorks allows you to simply view every step of your application using our innovative Remote Control feature. It is as easy as controlling your TV set. MediaWorks is One Line of Code easy to learn and offers an extensive online help system, tutorials and sample applica- tions. Receive unlimited FREE technical support on Compu- Serve or via the Internet. For those major applications our consulting services division is available to guide you on every step of the way and provide innovative custom programing solutions. Find out why MediaWorks won first prize as Best Multime- im^agillB * * * Ut ' ' 56 Q a t » .\ > E3 ff H ♦ MediaWorks* dia Product 1995 by IDG Communica- tions in Europe. MediaWorks is Windows 95 ready and requires a minimum of a 486SX system with 4MB of RAM, CD-ROM drive and a Super VGA monitor. $ 295 call 1-800-544-9116 To Order 24-hours-a-day or for Free Literature Circle 283 on Inquiry Card. N»et!tW / by \i^Ulp^X" CRESCENDO MULTIMEDIA USA/Canada: 4 1 2-83 1 - 1 649 fax 412-831 -0443 Worldwide: +396-37.21 .790 fax +396-37.21.954 Internet USA/Canada: InstinctUS@aol.com Internet Worldwide: Instinct@msn.com MediaWorks offers hundreds of specials effects, graphical backgrounds and multimedia clips to enliven your application or you can import your own special effects from other Windows applications. MediaWors supports the following file formats: BMP, PCX, JPEG, TIF, GIF, FIF, CMP, WMF, WPG, Kodak PhotoCD, ANI, AVI, FLI/FLC MOV, MPEG, WAV, MID, CDA, and MMM. MediaWorks features total OLE integration and royalty-free run time distribution. Prices do not include shipping and handling. Canadian orders are sub jet to surchaige. * Proper proof of purchase required for the competitive upgrade price. Qualifying products include: Directoc ToolBook, MediaBlitz, Power-Point, VVP Presentations. Freelance, Compel. Authorware.NeoBook.Stoi-yBoard FREEDOM TO CREATE IN MULTIMEDIA ■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■■I Data Compression Library® Products The PKWARE Data Compression Library products allow you to include state-of-the-art, patented data compression technology within your software applications. Data produced by the PKWARE Data Compression Library products is compatible across platforms! The PKWARE Data Compression Library products offer an all purpose data compression algorithm which compresses ASCII or binary data quickly. An adjustable dictionary size allows software to be fine tuned for maximum speed or compression efficiency. The use of application defined callback functions allow maximum flexibility. No runtime royalties. The format used by the compression routine is completely generic and not related to the PKZIP® file format. Versions available for DOS, OS/2, Windows, Win32 (separate versions for Alpha, Intel, & Power PC), DOS32 and UNIX (call for systems supported)! Compatible with IBMCset/2& Borland C++ for OS/2. • Routines provided as an object file & library file. • Requires 36k of memory to compress & 1 2.5k of memory to extract. OS/2 Version $350 Supports both Intel & Alpha object modules. » Compatible with Microsoft Visual C 32-bit & Borland C++. ► Requires 36k of memory to compress & 12.5k of memory to extract. Win32 Version $375 Compatible with Microsoft Win- dows 3.x appli- cations. Fully reentrant. 1 The DLL requires 36k of memory to compress & 12.5k of memory to extract windows Version $350 1 Compatible with popular 16-bit language com- pilers. 1 Can be used in any memory model. » Requires 35k of memory to com- press & 1 2.5k of memory to extract. DOS Version $275 Please add $5.00 Shipping & Handling per package in the U.S. & Canada; $11.25 overseas. Wisconsin residents please add 5% state sales tax & applicable county sales tax. No COD. The Data Compression Experts^ 9025 N. Deerwood Drive Brown Deer, Wl 53223-2437 I Phone:(414)354-8699 Fax:(414)354-8559 t PKWARE, INC. WEB SITE # http://www.pk ware.com Copyright 1994, PKWARE, Inc. PKWARE. the PKWARE logo, PKZIP, and the PKWARE Data Compression Library are registered trademarks of PKWARE, Inc. Microsoft is a registered trademark and Windows, Win32, and the Windows logo are trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. OS/2 and the OS/2 logo are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Trademarks of other companies mentioned here appear for identification puiposes only and are the property of their respective companies. ^ . C! HACKER F ■ The Joy of Ex The many achievements of Sun Microsystems cofounder Bill Joy are legendary, and anyone would garner Joy a bust in the Unix wing of the Hacker Hall of Fame (to be constructed). In 1 975, Joy be- came a Ph.D. student atUC Berkeley. Captivated by Unix, but unhappy with the ed line editor, he took the code for the em ("editor for mortals") editor (supplied by developerGeorge Coulouris) and in a week produced most of the ex editor. In 1 976, Joy wrote an improved Pascal compiler for Unix that became a standard Pascal programming tool. In 1978, he produced the first BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution) of utilities and began distributing BSD on tape. That same year, he created the v i edi- tor and distributed the 2BSD (Second Berkeley Software Distribution). The 3BSD was a complete bootable system. In the early 1 980s, Joy took the nascent TCP/IP and in a few weeks was running it satisfactorily between test machines. In one night, he wrote the utilities rep, rl ogi n, and rsh for temporary use: They're still go- ing. Joy also created the C shell for BSD, and it was subsequently adopted in AT&T's own Unix System V release 4.0. No one person has done for Unix what Joy has. ■ Legion of Doomed The self-styled LOD (Legion of Doom) was basically a bunch of fun-loving guys (fun here having the special meaning seizing control of telephone lines and switching equipment, eavesdropping on private phone conversations, unauthorized logging on to phone company computers, messing up telephone billing information, and helping others to do the same). Naturally, the pur- suit of such a unique variety of fun requires some pretty specialized know-how, such as BellSouth's internal technical specifica- tions for the 9 1 1 emergency telephone net- work. In 1 990, the boys from LOD's Georgia franchise managed to overcome their ingrained bourgeois notions of person- al property, purloined a copy, and were caught. The value of the document in ques- tion ranged from $20 to $24,639 to $70,000, with value definitely being in the eye of the beholder. BellSouth also maintained that the LODsters had lifted log-ins, passwords, and connect addresses with a value of $233,800 and that it had spent $1.5 million in fingering them and a further $3 million defending the company 156 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 236 on Inquiry Card. If all you want to do is get files from your desktop to your laptop, you shouldn't have to go through college to do it. Which is exactly why we made HotDisk* a no-brainer. If you can press "Enter" you can install HotDisk. Once it's set up, double-clicking on the HotDisk icon connects you — either modem-to-modem or port-to-port — with up to 10 drives on or available to another computer. These drives appear exactly as they would if they were on your own computer. And you can do anything with them you can do with your own drives — as well as swap or synchronize files, directories or even entire disks. Since you're using the programs you have with you, it's a lot faster than remote control. And because HotDisk operates silently in the background, someone can still use the other computer. So call Smith Micro at 800.964.SMSF or visit your nearest computer superstore today to get HotDisk. It comes complete with ■■'- _-: software and both serial and parallel cables. After that, accessing data from another computer wall be mere child's play. 3 The easiest way to TRANSFER FILES across your desk or around v- , the world ■■■% HotDisk SumiMxMi Now anyone can transfer files by modem or cable. SmithMicro SOFTWARE 'Or 714.362.2345. HotDisk is available now at CompUSA, Computer City, Micro Center, Egghead Software and elsewhere. HotDisk is a registered trademark of Smith Micro Software, Inc. All other product names are trademarks or r< trademarks of their respective companies. ©1995 Smith Micro Software, Inc. Circle 266 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 267). ttflTED AMD JlflTO H I Q US MUM FEATS from them. Convicted defendants Franklin E. Darden, Jr., Adam E. Grant, and Robert J. Riggs were given sentences of 1 4 months, 1 4 months, and 2 1 months, respectively, and ordered to pay restitution of $233,000 to BellSouth. Life isn't always fair. ■ Nerdz n the Hood In contrast to the LOD (characterized by some as well-off white guys), the MOD (Masters of Deception, whose initials were deliberately chosen to be one up on LOD) was a posse of multiethnic teenagers mainly in working-class Brooklyn and Queens. Their definition of fun was eerily similar, however, perhaps a tribute to the social empowerment possible with comput- ers. This gang was adept at invading the systems and networks of powerful entities, including AT&T, Bank of America, TRW, Just Protect It! With list prices starting at just $139, protecting your PCs or LANs against faulty power has never been easier or more affordable. Com- bine this with our unmatched product quality, service, and Exclusive 5- and 10-Year Triple Power Warranties™ — you're guaranteed un- surpassed UPS protection. And with our state-of-the-art Power Management Software, you can leave for lunch knowing that, if a power problem strikes, your system and data will be saved and fully protected — automatically 1 . ■£■ 1 _; % The PowerRite Pro and Plus UPS families in- corporate Deltec's proprietary Advanced Bat- tery Management (ABM™) that doubles bat- tery life and assures system uptime! Deltec's FailSafe and LanSafe III soft- ware automatically save your files and conduct an orderly system shutdown during extended blackouts — even in unattended modes — along with exten- sive monitoring and power management when used with our microprocessor- based UPSs. Don't let yourself become powerless. Call now for our ''Quick F ax Power Guide" and immediately receive a FREE assessment of your computer power needs. Call Now! *£ssl^_^s^ NetWare h 1-800-DELTEC-l A Fiskars Company Innovators in Power Protection Don't Risk It — Just Protect It! and the National Security Agency, display- ing a mastery of telephone, network, Unix, and VAX arcana to rival the experts in the invadees mentioned but using only the most basic equipment (like a Commodore 64). Besides the usual telephone-torturing shenanigans, the MODers could also access and circulate supposedly private credit reports. The MODs and the LODs were constantly staging skirmishes against each other, mainly in the form of bizarre phone pranks that caused great collateral damage to the phone service of innocent bystanders. In 1991, investigators from a number of agencies, including New York Telephone's investigative unit, the FBI, and the Secret Service, used the first wiretaps ever in a hacker case to unmask the MODs. Members included Messrs. MarkAbene(Phiber Optik), Julio Fernandez (Outlaw), Eli Ladopoulos (Acid Phreak), John Lee (Corrupt), and Paul Stira (Scorpion). In 1993, Abene received a one-year sentence, while Ladopoulos and Stira each received six-month sentences, plus probation and community service time. Because they were teenagers at the time of the acts for which they were convicted, and because their sub- sequent behavior has been good, observers expressed regret at the sentences. ■ MacPuzzle Besides everything else he did to help get the first Macintosh out the door, Andy Hertzf eld wrote all the first desk accessories. Most of these were written in assembly. However, to show that desk ac- cessories could also be written in higher- level languages, Hertzf eld wrote a demon- stration puzzle game desk accessory in Pascal. Like its plastic counterparts, users moved squares around until the numbers 1 to 9 were in order. As time began to get short, the decision was made that the puz- zle, at 7 KB, was too big (and too game- like) to ship with the first Macintosh. In a single weekend, Hertzf eld rewrote the pro- gram to take up only 800 bytes. The puzzle shipped with the Mac. ■ Software Immortality Quick, look at the beginning of any EXE program that runs on DOS, Windows, NT, or OS/2. Although you may never have no- ticed it before, they all start with the two ASCII characters MZ. Why MZ? Those are BYTE SEPTEMBER 1 995 Circle 222 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 223). Compaq, IBM, Dell, and Toshiba do not offer ¥ "If you're looking for a lot of computer in a small box, look no further than Tadpole's SPARCbook..." BYTE Magazine, June 1995 "This is the creme de la creme of power notebooks." INFOWORLD, June 5, 1995 Tadpole Technology Does ultra-high performance notebooks. »PAR< fc in i Pentium ■ processor None of the other guys do. In fact, there's only one company that offers 32-bit, ultra-high notebook performance in either a SPARC™ or Pentium™ platform...Tadpole Technology. Powerful Pentium Performance Tadpole's family of Pentium notebooks is the fastest on the planet. The newest member, the Tadpole P1300, features 133MHz performance and PCI bus, a Lexmark keyboard, 1MB video RAM, and an 800 x 600 SVGA 10.4" TFT screen. Watch Our SPARCbooks Fly Tadpole's family of microSPARC II notebooks delivers UNIX workstation performance, high portability, plus Solaris and Windows com- patibility. Tadpole's 110MHz SPARCbook 3GX features 2MB of video RAM, a Weitek P9100 graphics accelerator for fast screen redraws, and an 800 x 600 SVGA 10.4" TFT screen. TADPOLE TECHNOLOGY Performance Today... And Tomorrow Tadpole's family of notebooks features modu- lar architecture that can be configured to match your changing needs. You can get memory upgrades to 128MB, a removable 2.5" hard drive with up to 1.2GB capacity and two PCMCIA slots. And to protect your investment, Tadpole surrounds the inside with a light- weight, rock-hard magnesium case. These are the last notebooks you'll ever need to buy! The Right Move For Those On The Move Our family of Pentium and microSPARC II notebooks isn't for everyone. But if you're someone who demands ultra-high performance, compatibility, connectivity, and durability in a notebook, Tadpole Technology has your number. The next move is yours. Call 1-800-232-6656 today. United States: United Kingdom: France: Germany: World Wide Web: 512 219 2200 01223 428200 1 60 86 27 92 49 9129 2859 70 http://www.tadpole.com :! SPARCbook is a registered trademark of SPARC International, licensed exclusively to Tadpole Technology. Pentium is a registered trademark of Intd Corporation. Windows and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation, All other trademarks belong to their respective companies. © 1993, Tadpole Technology. Circle 256 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 257). NOTED AND NOTORIOUS HACKER FEATS fa» Hacks, Crflcks Phreaks,' and ats HACKERS ARE THE "GOOD GUYS," CREATING REMARKARLE SOFTWARE IN RECORD TIME. CRACKERS ARE HACKERS GONE RAD. the initials of Microsoft programmer Mark Zbikowski, who has thereby achieved a kind of immortality (as long as people are running DOS-compatible programs). ■ Pirates, Ho! Using the computer system at Florida State University as a stepping-stone to the Internet, software pirates in 1994 illegally uploaded IBM's OS/2, Microsoft Windows 95 beta, and other commercial programs to an area where anyone on the Internet could snag them for nothing. As a result, the Windows 95 beta is currently one of the most pirated and most posted programs on the Internet. ■ Gotta Finder It sounds like a strange adventure game. You have six months until your company ships its revolutionary new computer and millions of people will turn it on and see — what? Well, that was the problem haunting SteveCappsand Bruce Horn in the summer of 1983. With the Mac's announcement scheduled for January 1 984, they had to code what would come to be known as the Mac Finder — the file-manipulation and ap- plication interface that "knowledge work- ers" would be looking at and using day in and day out. Despite what you've heard about Apple simply lifting the Xerox Star's interface, every detail of the Mac's interface was discussed, experimented with, and agonized overformonths. Some aspects were inherited from Apple's failing Lisa. Steve Jobs offered suggestions and vetoes. Designer Susan Kare took care of the aesthetics. The result was an interface people still point to as the way to do it right. And it ran in 50 KB. ■ Al Effort In 1978, Harvard Business School graduate student Dan Bricklin had an idea for a kind of electronic blackboard that would automatically do calculations. His "visible calculator" became VisiCalc a year later, developed with Bob Frankston and published by Personal Software. The first electronic spreadsheet, VisiCalc appeared first for the Apple II computer — its 32-KB total size fitting comfortably into the Apple II's maximum of 48 KB of memory. Every spreadsheet since has duplicated features that VisiCalc premiered: automatic recalcu- lation, labeled rows and columns, built-in math and business functions, and the ability to change parameters to do what-if analysis. Its under-200-page manual is in marked contrast to the multivolume bricks for today's spreadsheets. ■ St. Paul, Oscar Wilde, and... In 1979, while hoosegowed in Penn- sylvania's Northampton State Prison for offenses of the phone-phreaking kind, John Draper (aka Cap'n Crunch, after a brand of cereal whose free toy whistle's pitch could switch phone lines so phreaking might begin) wrote the word processing program Easy Writeron acomputerprovid- ed as part of his rehabilitation program. ■ Rebel Without a Clue Bulgaria's otherwise-unknown Dark Avenger creates and unleashes a plethora of computer viruses all over the world. He has also produced a virus-making toolkit to make it easier for like-minded mis- anthropes to foul up the computers of total strangers. Romantic enough to name a virus after the American virus researcher Sara Gordon, who reputedly interviewed him, his main satisfaction seems to come from causing misery to millions of computer users the world over. What's he avenging? Who knows? ■ Hackers in Space NASA astronaut Richard J. Hieb assisted in the dramatic rescue of the off-course $150 million Intelsat IV satellite in May 1992. Maneuvering the space shuttle (Endeavour, in this case) to rendezvous with another ob- ject in space is a surprisingly complex chore, rendered more difficult by tradition- al radartechnology's inability to accurately measure the distance and relative speed of objects that get that close and move that slowly relative to each other. Luckily, on this rescue mission, they were employing a new laser-assisted system with software written by Hieb himself. Hieb began writing his Payload Bay pro- gram (in C) in the early 1980s on his home computer. When he actually used it, he was quitefarfrom home, running Payload Bay on one of NASA's Grid laptops. The OS? Plain old down-to-earth DOS. ■ Dial H for Hacker When a Chicago-area real estate company started having trouble with its telephone voice-mail system in 1989, it had un- wittingly exposed the tip of a nationwide criminal iceberg. Intruders were breaking into voice-mail systems, creating their own voice-mail accounts with which to barter stolen credit card numbers, changing pass- words to lock out the legitimate users and administrators, and then using the systems to dial out again — toll f ree. They would use the stolen credit card numbers to buy Western Union money orders that their leadereventually turned into cash, kicking back a percentage to over 1 50 accomplices nationwide. They would also crack corpo- rate PBX codes, enabling them to make 160 BYTE MONTH 1995 Introducing ABC Flowcharter 4.0. The reigning business graphics heavyweight. When it comes to creating high-quality business diagrams, new ABC Flowcharter 4.0 gives you ultimate power, flex- ibility and control. The program is loaded with four fully-integrat- ed modules specifically designed to meet the demands of the business graphics user. Whether you need to create complex flowcharts for TQM and BPR, analyze your statistical data, or simply pull together clean, colorful presentation charts in a matter of minutes, ABC Flowcharter 4.0 can help you accomplish your mission. Only ABC Flowcharter 4.0 fea- FEATURES ABC Flowcharter Visio 3.0 CorclFL0W2.0 Intelligent line routing • Automatic add/delete shapes * Automatic line crossovers • Data fields * OLE 2.0 automation • • Royalty free flowchart viewer (ABC Viewer'") * Statistical Process Control Charting (ABC Data Analyzer'") • 21 pre-defined diagram templates (ABC SnapGraphics'") • tures automatic line crossovers, intelligent line routing and data fields. And those are just a few of the features we've added to make your life easier. Right now you can get ABC Flowcharter 4.0 for as little as $99.95 upgrade. And you can upgrade from any business graphics program you already own. No other program gives you such complete power for so little. If you want to settle for less, it's your business. Contact your favorite reseller or call 1-800-877-3040. Avcwestef CfftllfoR MICROGRAFX BUY MiuiMJir^ EXHEZXDkJ ■SOFTWARE •SPECTRUM A RECIPE FOR HOPE Circle 227 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 228). *U.S.SRP ($149.95 Canadian) for users of any Micrografx product or any version of the following competitive products: Visio, CorelFlow, AllClear, Flowcharting 4, EasyFlow, or other diagramming software. Copyright 1995© Micrografx Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are owned by their respective companies. NOTED AMD WOTDHIOUS HACKER FEATS unlimited, free long-distance calls. Hundreds of long-distance calls for hundreds of thousands of dollars were billed to the helpless voice-mail and PBX owners. The criminal ring stole over $9000 in charged merchandise, $ 1 000 in money orders, $30,000 in voice-mail service, $250,000 in telephone service, and $ 1 .2 million in PBX long-distance telephone service. Who was the apparent mastermind of this scheme? Agents found over 150 telephone credit card numbers, over 250 bank credit card numbers, and dozens of PBX "extender" codes in the possession of a 35-year-old Chicago mother of two, Leslie Lynn Doucette (Kyrie). She was sentenced to a 27-month prison term in 1990. ■ The Wizard of Woz Steve Wozniak began designing a computer partly because he didn't have enough mon- ey to buy one. The results were the Apple I and Apple II computers. Wozniak also wanted to build the kind of computer he wanted to use. At the time, many comput- ers relied on cassette tapes to save and dis- tribute programs and data. Wozniak designed a 5'/-inch disk drive system for the Apple II, reckoning — correctly — that disks would become a tad more popu- lar than cassettes. Unlike other disk drive systems — IBM's comes to mind — that were based on a conglomeration of electronics and mechanical components, Wozniak's system was based completely on software control of the drive. As a result, Apple II drives had the flexibility to read and format a variety of disks — hard-sectored, soft-sectored, or what- ever — without hard-wired preset settings. The software implementation also meant that expensive and complex interface boards were not necessary, making the Apple drives simpler and cheaper. The Apple II had rudimentary sound but composite video and a simple and com- pact layout. Wozniak made sure the Apple II had expansion slots in the motherboard to BYTE starts a new series of "language sur- vivors." First up: FORTRAN. Haitian President Jean-Bertrand Aristide and his democratic gov- ernment are deposed in a military coup. allow simpler upgrading (like Microsoft's CP/M emulation board to run WordStar), a feature IBM later included in the first IBM PC. Wozniak also became a master of the MOS Technology 6502 chip, not be- cause it was a more capable microprocessor than Motorola's 6800 or Intel's 8080, but because it was cheaper — an important consideration whenever starting a multibil- lion-dollar industry from a garage. lust because you've seen one dongle doesn't mean you've seen them all! The Marx CRYPT0-B0X is the most sophisti- - ,, cated and effective protection against software piracy and mf" unauthorized duplication you can buy! *Call toll free to order a demo kit at $5 off the regular $19.95 (plus S&W) & a FREE "Wanna See My Dongle" T-shirt with evei-y order while supplies last. ^^fffiB Box 95743, Atlanta, GA30347 Germany: 8403-1555 France: 8881-4031 JkJkM ^B^f I "OUU"IVIArvX"IIM I Jy international, inc. Circle 281 on Inquiry Card. 162 BYTE MONTH 1995 The Port Authority The Sealevel fleet Has expanded to over 75 comnruni- cation and I/O products for tire PC arid compatibles. And each rtjm.'iins true to OLir original course: to provide you the value of high end features and reliability at low end prices. "Versatile Vessels - Senlevel products provide selectable addressing and flexible interrupt request selections. 16550 UART's are standard while optional 166SO enhanced UART's are available to provide compatibility with twice the buffer size. Chartered "Voyages - We're one of the few that encourages you to captain our reources to design and build customized products to fit your specific needs. Lifeline - Wc provide comprehensive technical support staffed with knowledgeable people who can navigate you through even the roughest water. Whatever Floats Your Boat - We offer a wide variety of com- munication and I/O cards for multiple platforixis including ISA Bus, PC/104, PCMCIA, and Micro Channel. Products Include: IVLi.il- - Hinh-speect Sync/Async - Di R ital/Latchin K Relay I/O - S Emulation SysiL'ins Electrical In tei-fiiees Support. RS-.S30, RS-122/4H5, RS-449, Current Loop, V.3.S, and irioi S/2. Serial I/O lid State Disk For rifci all ^ AAA5 '3.843.4343\y\/ 5EALEVEL PO Box 830 berty, SC 29657 S03. 84-3. 4-34-3 • Fax: 803.S43.3067 Circle 244 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 245). Introducing ISDN with V. 34 in a Single Device ^$M*> THE MOD OF THEM LLENNIUM m pwRMO M «« SV» P*P «* Bt B2 AA CO TXD WO HLO WW< PEW * ^ Mode! Description (5-year warranty) Elite 28641-U LED, ISDN (U interface) Elite 28641-SAT LED, ISDN (S/T interface) Elite 2864 LED, 2 wire dial-up/leased line Elite 2864L LED, 2 wire dial-up, 2/4 wire leased line It runs with It runs with NetWare UnbWare- Blazing ISDN speeds up to 128Kbps and analog speeds up to 28.8Kbps. Implement V.42bis on ISDN for even higher performance capability. You get it all in one device with the new ZyXEL digital modem, the Elite 28641 — giving you the best of the digital and analog worlds. The Elite 28641 is an ISDN device that also works like a modem, automatically switching between digital and analog devices without user intervention, while maintaining the highest possible speed and transmission integrity: ■Supports all popular switches. Rate adaption: ITU-T V.120, V.110andX.75SLP ■Two B channels can be bundled for ultra-high 128Kbps or used for two simultaneous connections, e.g., voice and data ■Built-in analog adapter communicates with all analog devices ■V.42bis compression on ISDN achieves higher throughput for greater performance ■Embedded protocol analyzer ■Data encryption (DES)* ■Supports V.34 and is backward-compatible ■DTE serial interface up to 460.8Kbps ■High-speed fax — V.17 (14.4Kbps) send and receive. Supports G3 EIA Class 1, 2 and 2.0 ■Parallel port for direct fax printing Don't settle for less than the unique engineering design of the ZyXEL digital Modem of the Millennium. Call your ZyXEL dealer or call 800-255-4101. Circle 258 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 259). The Modem of the Millennium 4920 E. La Palma Avenue, Anaheim, CA 92807 • Telephone: (714) 693-0808 Fax: (714) 693-8811 BBS: (714) 693-0762 • Internet: sales@zyxel.com • URL: http://www.zyxel.com *ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any of the security functions described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its parent rights nor the rights of others. Specifications are subject to change without notice. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. RAIDION* Fault-Tolerant Subsystems RAIDION's modularity makes fault tolerance affordable for any size network, Configure RAIDION using RAIDWARE™ for cost effectiveness or add the optional LTX array hardware controller for super- performance and platform independence. Expandable. Start with only 2 modules for mirrored fault tol erance of up to 9 GB and add one more module to convert to RAID 5 fault tolerance. In this way, a single subsystem can grow to 42 modules under NetWare™, providing a maximum storage capacity of 378 GB (utilizing 9 GB modules). Hot-Swap and Hot Replacement features allow RAIDION to be serviced j while your network remains up and running. Foreven more data protection, con- M ■.-.# figure RAIDION with an on-line spare module which activates automatically in the event of a drive failure. This ensures fault tolerant operation wi continue without human intervention. RAIDION is available for both desktop and rackmount applications All Micropolis drives feature a full 5 year warranty. For more information and the name of the authorized RAIDION reseller nearest you, call n* MODULE # CAPACITY DRIVE FORM ":■ *LM2I00 2.1GB LT3.5" *LM4300 4.3 GB LT3.5" LS9000 9.1GB LS 5.25" **RS9000 9.1GB RS 5.25" LTX Array Controller LT3.5" **RTX Array Controller LT 3.57 RS 5.25" 1-800-395-3748 * A/so available for rackmount configuration. ' Racfimount (oitfiguralion only. m -V*A MICROSOFT WINDOWS NT. COM&VF1BLE NetWare Tested and Approved MICROPOLIS Ml logos and names arc the property o\ tdcir respective owners. Circle 341 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 342). ■ Xanadu Ted Nelson Nelson first conceived his futuristic vision for hypertext way back in 1960; although his idea inspired countless products, Xanadu is still pending. Autodesk worked on it from 1 988 to 1 992; Nelson later hooked up with Japan's Sapporo HyperLab. ■ Ovation Ovation Technologies The term vaporware was first coined to de- scribe this integrated software package for DOS. Announced in 1 983 ? it never shipped. That was 1 2 years ago. ■ Windows 1.0 Microsoft "Microsoft Does Windows!" gushed Info World in 1983. Perhaps, but not for two more years. ■ Macintosh Office Apple Computer Steve Jobs's infamous "reality distortion field" was running in overdrive when he an- nounced this networking solution in 1985. It didn't become real until 1 987. ■ 1-2-3/G Lotus Development The first graphical version of Lotus 1-2-3 (forOS/2)was announced in April 1987 but wasn't delivered until September 1990. ■ Wingz for Windows Informix Neat new tote bags at every Comdex. But until 1990, they were empty. ■ 1-2-3 for Macintosh Lotus Development Mac users had been waiting more than four years when 1-2-3 finally shipped in 1991. Unfortunately for Lotus, most of them de- cided it wasn't worth the wait. ■ Windows NT Microsoft In 1991, it was known as OS/2 3.0 or OS/2 NT. Then IBM and Microsoft had a little spat. When NT arrived in 1 993, it was Windows all the way. ■ dBase for Windows Borland International Impatient dBase users tapped their toes for nearly five years. Many had walked away by the time the Windows version finally shipped in 1994. ■ Windows 95 Microsoft Need we say more? List#2Q lartujft Some people store cars in garages, and some also store garden implements and the detritus of the past. Others start multimillion- dollar companies in them. Beats cleaning up oil stains. MOM. MAY I BORROW THE VAN? Apple Computer PASCAL, CHEAP Borland International PHILIPPE HAS A RIG GARAGE Starfish Software WIRES AND PLIERS Cabletron MOO-VING ON UP Gateway 2000 NO EGO OR SUPEREGO INVOLVED id Software GET RICH QUICKEN Intuit IS THERE A DOCTOR IN THE HOUSE? McAfee THE HP GARAGE IN PALO ALTO. WORTH 1000 WORDS PictureTel ON A KITCHEN TARLE, ACTUALLY Sierra On-Line US, TOO BYTE IT'S A LANDMARK Hewlett-Packard SEPTEMBER 1995 I* Y X E 165 k^fcy i &mt& We'll give you Reasons to buy a ComByte Doubleplay dual mode drive. \J No configuration headaches - Unlike stand alone devices, the dual mode Doubleplay tape and floppy is one integrated drive. To the computer it looks and acts just like a floppy drive. No need to set special addresses... just plug and play. Q Installs in half the time - The Doubleplay is both a tape and floppy drive in one dual mode device that will fit in any IBM*or compatible PC. One set of mounting screws, one data cable, one power cable and you' re finished... in half the time. ^^ Easy to USe - No other drive^allows you to move files to tape using Windows File Manager. For users not familiar with tape, there's no need to learn such terms as "backup)" [and "restore". Drag and drop yuur files to tape-just like it's a floppy. A Load Software twice as fast - Because the Doubleplay floppy section is doublespeed, you can load software applications in half the time. Q Reliability - With roughly half the parts of comparable individual drives, the Doubleplay is much more reliable. Q Use any length tape Tape lengths are all over the map. Because we don't believe it's your problem to sort out, we engineered the Doubleplay drive to be smart enough to read and write any length QIC 80 tape including the new 1000 foot, 800 Megabyte cartridges by Verbatim* and Gigatek® O Tape Drive Floppy Drive ComByte Doubleplay Reads and writes all floppy formats. • • Doublespeed floppy. • Copies files from Windows File Manager. V • Windows '95 ready - gives user either backup media choice in one device as defined within Windows '95 application. • Reads and writes standard Q!C tape formats. • • ^ Industry Standard - Using industry standard formats on both the tape and floppy means that you can exchange data with any 1 .44 Mbyte or 720 Kbyte floppy drive and exchange tapes with Colorado*, Conner? Iomega* or any other QIC80 format tape drive. © Three year warranty - we feel so confident about our products that we offer this spectacular warranty. CompuiLT EeseJkrJSfcws ^0^ mSYNNEX 1-800-756-9888 HiVU 1-800-340-1001 Liuski EE33SBJEKEMB13 1-800-454-8754 tOrnPlyJCGc 4424 Innovation Drive, Fort Collins, CO 80525 For product information or your nearest dealer call: 1-800-990-BYTE Circle 323 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 324). Powered by the GLINT™ 300SX Order today, 1-800-995-OMNI. Dealer inquiries welcome. ' 3 year warranty uj&p f» m For applications such as: MicroStation® Openlnventor Pro/ENGINEER Pro/JR.~ AutoCAD® 3D Studio® trueSpace™ and others Call for information on our complete line of PC and VMEbus graphics products. pr- ^ST GVTE M1F» V u , v i iJlfi WORKSTATION GRAPHICS your graphics application. Omnicomp now brings you a PCI based graphics accelera- tor board capable of 3-D workstation class performance at affordable PC prices. The 3DEMON accelerates rendering with 24-bit Zrbuffering, anti-aliasing, alpha-blending, texture mapping and fast clear features. For Windows NT™, the 3Demon provides double buffering and optimizes OpenGL™ UUUL appl ications. Tomorrow's Vision Today APIs and Libraries supported by the 3DEMON ' SiliconGraphics, Inc. n I! RENOERMORPHICS RendeiWare* criterion % BRender 1 Argonaut 3DR™ Inter msiDE OMNICOMP GRAPHICS CORPORATION 1734 W. SAM HOUSTON PKWY N HOUSTON, TEXAS 77043 PHONE: (713) 464-2990 FAX: (713) 827-7540 email: omnicmp@phoenlx.phoenlx.net World Wide Web: http://phoenlx.phoenlx.net:80>omnlcmp Omnicomp and 3DEMON are trademarks of Omnicomp Graphics Corporation. GLINT 300SX is a trademark of 3Dlabs Inc., Ltd. Windows NT is a trademark of Microsoft, Inc. OpenGL is a trademark and a copyright, and Open Inventor is a copyright of Silicon Graphics, Inc. RenderMorphics and Reality Lab are trademarks of RenderMorphics.Ltd. BRender and Argonaut are trademarks of Argonaut Software.Ltd. RenderWare and Criterion are trademarks of Criterion Software.lnc. X Inside is a registered trademark of X Inside, Inc. 3DR is atrademark and Intel is a registered trademark of Intel, Inc. MicroStation is a registered trademark of Bentley Systems Inc. Pro/ENGINEER is a registered trademark and Pro/JR. is a trademark of Parametric Technology Corporation. trueSpace is a trademark of Caligari Corporation. 3DEMON is not an Autodesk product. The Autodesk logo is registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office by Autodesk, Inc. All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners and are hereby acknowledged. The specifications in this document are subject to change without notice. Circle 297 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 298). Circle 328 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 329). E-Mail Made Easy. f£\ View Move Read i Copy | ■ Adcte Book r"ffFofW. Now PC users on a Unix network can have a Windows-style, Windows-fast & easy interface to Internet and Unix email. Just use EMBLA and you'll see email couldn't be easier. • It's Windows "drag & drop" simple Remote users — save on your phone bill! You can select and download only the mail you need. Supports MIME, IMAP & standard Windows socket API. Fold 'Adm. H5 Rep| y EMBLA is available now for just $99. Call one of the resellers listed below to order. For more information, contact ICL ProSystems at: marcomms@pro.icl.se http://www.pro.icl.se EMBLA UniDire£*^ software.net j.p. Browne Canada 800-755-8649 800-61 7-SOFT 41 6-494-0472 sales@unidirect.com http://www.software.net davef%jpbrown@ uunet.ca 168 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 You'll find it in the heartland of America. You'll find it in demanding environments .in the hot and dusty cab of a giant combine, using a GPS and recording crop yields .such as hospitals supplying critical Point-Of-Care information at the touch of a finger h; -x :;/■■■■■* When faced with selecting a PC for control or data processing systems, designers usually must choose between a desktop system, notebook or an expensive single board industrial computer. DATALUX now offers an alternative with the essential PC system components in a series of unique packages that both save space and are easy to integrate. THE DATABRICK from DATALUX A tOUgh, COfnpaCt PC solution that offers the modularity of a desktop system and the Small Size of a notebook. Stand-Alone LCD Monitors DATALUX is in its 4th year of LCD monitor manufacture and is an industry leader. Its new LCD Monitors use brighter 10.4" diagonal Dual-Scan orTFf Color panel in a rugged, sealed, yet attractive housing with a selection of 8 wall or base mounting options. Resolution is 640 x 480. The monitors can be driven directly from a Databrick or through an ISA bus controller. No externa! power is required. An integrated resistive Touch Screen is optional with input through one of the Com Ports. Monitors may be extended to 50' from the CPU. Keyboards The Space-Saver keyboard is the smallest full function 100 key keyboard available. With standard left right spacing touch typing is easy yet the overall size is only 6" x 10.75". It is available in a flat, panel mount or desktop model. The Glidepoint* pointing device is avail- able as an option. FAX BACK DATA SHEETS (540) 662-1675 Circle 291 on Inquiry Card. Data brick Vertical Systems The new DATALUX Databrick Vertical System (DVS) combines the Databrick, LCD Monitor and the Space-Saver Keyboard in a unique enclosure for Wall, Swing Arm, or Pedestal Mounting. The all alu- minum housing provides compact- ness and security. The monitor screen tilts to accommodate the height of the user. A variety of options include bar code and mag stripe readers, speakers, or a small printer. The DVS measures 13.5" x 19.6" x 3.2". Databrick The Databrick is the heart of the DATALUX system. In performance and fea- tures it is more like a desktop unit, in size comparable a notebook (10.25" x 4.8" x 2"), yet more rugged and more easily mounted than either. Specifications: 486DX2/66 or DX4/100 CPU 2-64 Meg Standard SIMM DRAM Internal or External FDD Internal HDD to 540 Meg SVGA CRT and LCD Video Ports w/1 Meg 2 Serial, 1 Extended Parallel Port Options: 2 slot PCMCIA lOBt Ethernet LAN Com Ports 3 & 4 DC-DC Power converter DVS shown here on Rolling Stand ■* * i Datalux Corporation 155 Aviation Drive Winchester, Virginia 22602 Phone: (540)662-1500 Fax: (540) 662-1 682 Toll Free: 1 -800-328-2589 (1 -800-DATALUX) Datalux International, LTD Euro House Curtis Road, 1 1 Old Water Yard Dorking, Surrey UNITED KINGDOM RH41 EJ Phone: 44+(1)306-876718 Fax: 44+0)306-876742 WE ACCEPT PO'S FROM QUALIFIED FIRMS WILL TRY TO MATCH OR BEAT ANY ADVERTISED PRICE. CALL FOR LATEST PRICING! MEMORY SECURITY WILL CALL WINDOW NOW OPEN! NO SURCHARGE FOR MC, VISA AE & DISCOVER «w«»"' 64Ki4 i;.:.4 128K*S ™ m Individual DRAM Chips ■ INTEL Math Chips MEMORY F0HIBM4 APPLE SONS SONS TONS eiiNb tMegtl - 6B5 lMtg>4 - J9.00 3900 Mm l'."iJ 8 mg 4 x 36 16 mg 8x36 32 mg 16<35 64mg 1 1 32 4 mg 2x328(00. 4x32 16 mo 1 «324mgED0 2x32 8mgEDO 4 (32 16 mg EDO 8»32 32mgEOO 189 00 179 00 179.00 379 00 364.00 364.00 569.00 549.00 549.00 189 00 1 1 49.00 1149.00 279900 56900 164.00 16400 34900 329 00 499 00 47900 189.00 479.00 38900 - 689.00 - CYRIX FASMATH PROCESSOR Programs executed up to 3X taster • Plug & object code compat. w/lntel 83D87-40MH2- 79.00 83D87-33MHZ- 49.00 83S87-25SXVar.-49.D0 83S87-33SX - 65.00 PC Week 1 *' rated #1 over all math chips 5 Year Warranty "All Downward Compatible" AST MEMORY MODEL Bravo LC Series. Bravo MT. Bravo MS, MS-L. Advantage Pro 0x33. SX25 PremmiaLX P/60. MX4/66d,4/IOOT. P/60 IT.UPGRAOED 4Meg IMid 1BMeg Piemm:a4133 4133S.4'5M.4.-$0d BMeg 13. 4.«d. P.« 16Meg Prtmmia MTE 433. 4,86d. P«0 32 Meg Manhattan G. V Series Server 64 Meg Power Prerr..um 333 403. 433S. 4 50d. 4,66d BMeg PirrvjTi 4EC- 25 li>. 25; •!:■: 33 J;o 32L ;•■•".„■■ 222 }:\\ ■■■'.:■ :-:"- 4?e '-:~i Pre.t). II 3S6-55. 3B6 33. 486.33, 486SX20 2 486733 Adva-itasi 486.25. 48633. 4=6 33P. 4E6 SX20 Premium SE4/22 ■■ mi ?i'.~ jtiS* J 53. fl.66fl.P26O Uleg 5 -■'.'.: < P/90. P/100 8MegKit/16MegKit 32Mecjh'- " AST Cupid Board 0-32 Meg AST PART * ■ ■ ■ . . . | ■-■••■■ 500780-"' 1-005 1 1-001 l 72pi 2 Meg Kit SQ07B0-O0S PRICE 154.00 30800 539.00 1078.00 1)8.00 80-001 \. M . 60-003 >64pi 80-004 J 500780-001 50O780-0C* 500780-OC. _ I 501568-001 378/699 ■i 501588-001 135B/2699 500318-001 Ambra Pentium-60 Ambra NC 425SL Ambra N Series Ambra SN Series Ambra SprintaSLC II Ambra N-75.N-100 AMBRA 4/8/16 Meg 274/8 Meg 4/8/12/16 Meg 4/16 Meg 2.£i.-..-:i 4/8/16 175.00/369.00/619.00 109.00/209.00/366.00 189,00/349.00/569.00/619.00 ZENITH MEMORY MODULES MODEL AMT. UPGRADED Z386/33.25. 20. 33E 1Meg Z386/33.25, 20. 33E, 486/25E 4Meg Z386SX 2Meg MFG. PART * ZA3800ME ZA3800MK Z-605-1 modules MAGNAVOX 16 BIT MEMORY BD. FOR 2B6. 3B6 AT * OK-BMeg Bd. 4.0 LIM Compat. • Yr. Warr. Convent., Expnd. & Extnd. Memory • Supports DOS, OS/2. LIM/EMS & EEMS • Versatile Split Memory Addressing • Operates w/CPU Speeds lo 33 MHz • Supports Desqview, Multitask operations • Bd. made by Boca Research, AT plus I OK -$84.00 2Meg- $159.00 4Meg- $239.00 BMeg- $399.00 BOCA XT 8 BIT BUS • Expanded memory tor XT • Lim 4.0 compat. 0-2Meg • Uses 256x1-100 0-K - 599.00 1 Meg $189.00 2Meg - $229.00 IBM P/S2 32BIT EXPANSION BD 0-16Meg. Ext.-Expnd. Memory Bd. for P/S2 70, 80, 90, Lim 4, 2Meg 4Meg 8Meg 16Me< $238.00 S3 19.00 $499.00 $859.01 BAnERIES • • CALL FOR NOTEBOOK ANO LAPTOP BATTERIES • • IBM PS/1, PS/2 MEMORY MODULES PART HO. 30F534B(512K) 30F5360 |2Meg) 6450375 (II.'-tj) 6450379 (2Meg 8451080 mm 6450604/KG7196[2Heg) 645060B (2Men) 78X8955 I 28K) 34F2933 |4Meg| ...-■-... \ ;. <-,'•< >.:■ ;:..,-.. i.-Ki 92F9935 (2Meg) ..:■•.; ::'. - . - ' . ■■ - . 92G7543 (16Meg) 92G7545 (32Meg] ■ G7203(BMeg) i I2G7204 !6Meg) :■ 6450902 (2Meg) 64S0t28/92G720O(4Meg> 6451158fl2G7206|4Megecc) 6451159 (BMeg eccl 92G7209<32GJ7JO(1 &M«S eccl WORKS WITHM08ELN0. 30-286 .0-286, 25-286. 50 MTHR BO 80-04! 80-111, 311-121, 321,081, 161 " ■:■■■ '■ i 2: ■ ■ ■ ■ '70-061. £61. 121, 502, 55SX.65SX.P-70, 55LS. 65LS. X-Statlon 1 20 fi 130, 3SSX, 35LS, 40SX 7Q-A21.A-61 B-21 L'i. ■ ■ <■ ■ ■ ■ iOSX.Val Pi. 325T 25 35SX. 40SX, 55SX. S5SX, 55LS. 65LS 55SX.55L5 65SX.40SX,35SX.35LS P.-S1-236 P.-21 <■; I2SI/3665X-2121 P/S1 8. P/S1/36GSX. P5I Expert, Consultant. Willow Value Point PerlormarsCE. PCS Aptrva 310. 330, 350. 510, 530 710 730 .-■■.•■ ; : .: Aptiva310.330.350.510 S2 :■•■'..- ■■.!■. Value Point Performance, Fi.: i .■ ;.-! : ■:■■ 56.57.57SX.90.95.P-75.57SLC '"-::: :• - " ■ : 57SX.90 95 .P-75 SI. 386SX. l'.::-2m 21-33 a{55, Va" Pi 77. 4S6CS2. 486SX. SVR85 Value Pom! 77 436DX2. 486SX. SVR 85 35SX.40SX E78X SO. 95. P-75. 57SLC :■■.■■■-■■■. ■ ■■•■'•■,:•:.■.:. • C| "'»,' -\, install in pairs) 486: 95XP;95A(titi1llltn pairs) 79.00 84,00 189.00 99.00 169.00 164.00 559 00 114900 329.00 609.00 1239.00 PS/2 MCA 0-8MEG EXPANSION BD I 0-8Meg Extended and/or Expanded Memory for all IBM P/S2 Models 50, 50Z, 60, 55SX, 65SX, 16 Bit. 4.0 LIM Compat. / " ifs 'Ts^fl; OK -139.00 2Meg -228.00 4Meg-30B.OO 8Meg - 477.00 /_ Bflfe IBM NOTEBOOK & LAPTOP MEMORY ,:■;. :::■■■■ 66G0094 -.•.v: :■•■•- B185093 6189 6l,1eg) 4Meg) ■".'■ v '„}■• -;l ■:!.'.-U' 8189113 ■'■■.■• ■ 0i4Meg . ..1 lltas :r,'»g,7t0Meg]) (4Ueg/l6Meg) |4MeQ.'i6Meow;Adap 60G0378 (8Meg) ISMtg) 92F8804 (2Meg) 92G7259(4Meg) 523726'- ISMsgi 92G7263 16Meg) ■ C. 700, C, 720. C, CL57SX 189.00 i ,■ l - 359.00 Thlnkpad 750. C 629.00 ' ■ 179.00 Ti' • "255 360 355,340,450 339,00 :■- "' ,: :.' 59900 : jiOCS (3.3 volt) 189.00 ThinkPad 500. 510CS (3.3 volt 369.00 ..IOCS (3.3 volt 619.00 ' ISXPSNotl 103.00 ISX, PS Note, Tkpd 350, 350C, PS Note 425 189.00 ■-PS Hole 349.00 ThinkPad 750. 755.360. 355 949.00/1149.00 755 C -m Modules 209.00.699.00 Tfcr-.pad 755 239X0.745 CD ia5O.350( Hi 'Jot* 425 339.00 569.00 N45SI 109.00 ThinkpaJ 701 C. CS. Butlerdy 189.00 Thinkpad 701C.CS, Butterfly 369.00 Thinkparj 781ft CS, Butterfly 649 00 COMPAQ MEMORY MODULES MODEL J86V33.386V33L, 4BtV?5, 486/33L, 4B8/50L. System Pro .■-.■:/■ ■: ::. DeskPro 386/25. 385/20 DeskPro3BBS-16MHl DeskPro 286N.3B6N.3B6SX20. all 'M" series. sylemLTseiies, allT series DeskPro 286 1 ALL OF 56M 5 CSV THESE Prosignia 5.60 ^MACHINES Proliant 100 5/60 { USE < 30, 5/66 THESE - " ' . i 2Meg Module (Exp Bd) ' 4!.':; >.}■:::-.:> IMegEipBd 4Ueo Exp Bd ■'- .;'.'.:.;...: •.. ■■.:• ■• ,' ■.: ■ :"'■ 4Hsg E

u U;:-I.r,- 4t,'.;g H&.i> M'.-.i !,M.!-i ; « ZMeg Module 4Meg Module a'.Vicj r.'o :■ D-64MM 1 Meg Kit 4Meg Kit 1-2MegE»pBS 4-BMegtirpBd 512E Kit ;Y,J'.: : 'V.'.V.; K I CMPOPAflTI 115144-001 11856*001 116569-001 113546-001 ... i" i II - :, ■-■:.[: 113131-001 113132-001 PRICE 9900 349.00 118639-001 118690-001 128877-001 129100-001 ■ ■ ■: 108072-001 ■ ■ ...... 141683-001 141684-001 141685-001 149320-001 149147-001 169 00 355.00 169.00 99 00 299.00 239.00 676 00 1420.00 247600 5076 00 90 00 29800 95 00 169.00 339.00 59900 1199.00 COMPAQ LAPTOPS & NOTEBOOKS LTFJ286 LTE/366S/20 LTELITE/20 25 23C LTE LITE/20. 25, 25C LTE LITE/20, 25. 25C ; ,. •! li" I ;: I SLT/285 SLT/386 SLT/386 Concerto. LTE EMe Conlura320,325 4MegBrJ 4MegModuie 4MegModule BMeg Module 16MegModule 4MegModule BMegModule 16MegModule 4MegModuie 2Meg Module 4Meg Module 4Meg BMeg 16Meg BMeg 4Megr8Meg/l6Meg 4Meg BMeg iBMeg 4Meg 117081-003 : .■ i ■ ..-: 129769-003 i: V'-iii;- I -■ - . ..'-- .-!.- 11 II. ,•■■!. 1111 ' .1 118304-001 i- i il 144790-001 '.:.■■ :.■;,-. 139499-001 146520-001 • ■ .■ ' 190597-001 219.00 43900 66900 18900 359.00 19900 109.00 189.00 339 00 189/369/619 189.00 61900 184.00 349.00 HARD DISK DRIVES COHfJEH 425MB CPS425A 540MB CPS540A 850M8 CFS850A 2 GIG CFS1275A 2( 275 MAXTOfl 540MB 7540 AV B50MB 7850 AV 1.2GIG 71260AV 22s WESTERN DIGITAL 540MB AC2540 850MB AC2850 1.2 GIG AC312O0 1.6 GIG AC316O0 11 ■ ■ ■ ■•.■.-> .;'■. • ■ , - . wrong parts arc :■ . ■ - j lee (Memsn' chips n=! mstai'efl in board! ) We accept IMermtonal : ; .: .;. .., ...... . . ■ ..■■;■:.:■•:;■:.■ CUSTOMER SERVICE & TECHNICAL: OPEN M-F, 9-4 PST Al I products brand new & guaranteed • We buy excess inventory Trademarks are registered with their respective companies. 22825 Lockness Avenue • Torrance, CA 90501 TOSHIBA LAPTOP MEMORY T2OO0SXFJ2200SXT18O3, 1850, C ■■,.■ . : r0SX/T1800, 1850, C T2100. 2105. 2150 ■2100,2105,2150 ■..'■■ ■-.400.T6500 ■ . . ...... ; . ■■:: . ■■ ■■ ■ . , 74700, 4800, 4850 (Hard F 23 1 3400CT, T240D, T3600 T2400, T3600 "■■■; T3100SX ".: i T3200SX . ": 8Meg li'.'cg 4Mtj BMeg l6Meo i24Meg/7lOMog 3Meg 2Meg 4Meg/BMeg/l6Meg MANU.PARTt PC-PA2000U PC-PA2001U PC-PA2002U PC-PA2O04U PC-PA2005U PC-PA2010U PC-PA2012U PC-PA2013U PC-PA2014U PC-PA2019U PC-PA2020U PC-PA2021U PC15-PA8308U .•■:■ :• : . • : : ... PC10-PA8304U PC10-PA8313U PRICE 89 00 189 00 359 00 189/379 729/1249 18900 ir- r ,: 349.00 65200 799/1098 189.00 359 00 619.00 1549.00 10900 189 00 NOTEBOOK, LAPTOP MEMORY ACER 750' A.= Vi-:.,-: Aitima Virage 2.»:c4/33Sl Bo!rtws!lB3lO, Plus Bond.vellB310V.5X Bonaive1IB310V.SX ■ ova Book ISO Canon innova Book 20OLS Canon innora 466 Canon Innova 486-10 ■ . :'.■■■-: 4Meg/8M(g7i6Meg 4 Mi-; Sf.'-cij '.C'.'iJ 4Meg 4 Meg/ 16 Meg 4Mtg.'BM3 J2 22 tpm WOO. 1500, 5000.521)3 HP2.2LV ■r- 2 22- 3P 2P2P* HP4,4M.4SI.4S1MX.4P,4MP hFJL -=22 HP4SI HP5P HP Design Jel 600. 650,200 -: HPDesljet1200C.1200DP HP Laiei.tt HP Pamtjcl XL300 IBM Laser 40 19, 401 9E IBM Laser 4029, 4037 IBM Laser 4039, 4079 KonicaLP-311D ■ 22 ;.•;.: '. Oki 400 I0EX 410E.410EX Oki 830, 840 Packard Bell PB 9500 Packard Bell 9815 Panasonic 442C-4450I Panasonic 4410/4430 Panasonic 4450 Panasonic 4400/5400 '■i-'Q. 5410 Sharp 9400. 9460, 960O.97OOE ■ H. 9700, H Tl XUPS17/PS35 Tl MicroUser Pro E. Powerpro. Pro 600 Tl Microliter m m - 189 - 179 - 349 669 1249 159 ■;■■ - 229 « " - 169 - 379 599 - 84 ?08 89 ?oa 32/ - Call Call Call 109 - 23! : : 99 - 179 - 169 ; : : ; " 89 - 169 - 349 69 - 169 - 349 '. 1 89 89 ~ - 175 - 155 - - 349 - 305 539 175 - - 349 179 - - 379 679 249 - - 428 837 169 - 169 4H - 169 - 350 119 189 239 _ 94 1114 - : 135 189 109 139 159 - - 227 - 269 - : : : - 129 - 229 ; 99 126 - 195 : : : " ■ 89 109 129 : - 229 - Call : : - - ': 89 109 49 149 : - 249 - 279 - - - - COMPATIBLE FONT CARTRIDGE BAft CODES Bar Code Reader Fonts 99.00 DESKJET SOLUTION : lis, 4 5 pt-30 pt 99.00 IBM 4019, 4019E. FONT CARTRIDGE 209 Fonts. Turbo Card 105.00 TURBO 25 Comparable to Pacific Data's 25 CARTRIDGES IN ONE!™, 143 Fonts (compat with Epson Action Laser It and Ml HP Printers) 69.00 TURBOSCRIPT - M HP2D. 3. 3D. 3P. 2P. 2P+....149 00 TURBOSCRIPr"109. 109 Any Point Sue HP2 17900 TAX & FINANCE FOR IBM 4D19, 4D19E, 4029 13900 TAX & FINANCE CARTHIOGE 84.00 OKI 400, BOO 41 fonts, 1 1 typestyles 169.00 310-539-0019 FAXj 310-539-5844 SECURITY WILL CALL WINDOW NOW OPEN CALL TOLL FREE 800-433- (US and Canada) 3726 ESTAB. 1985 Prices & Availability Subject to Change Without Notice Mon-Fri, 8:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. PST Sat. 10:00 a.m. to 12:00 noon IMaSSliEHEBiiailgaBiBEaBEaM Circle 310 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 311). I Move to the Plus Side of Math - X^' IMSL. Math Module for C++ • • • positively the easiest way to develop technical applications! Get your math from the math experts. Now the object-oriented development tools you need are available from the name you have relied on for nearly 25 years for numerical analysis and technical application development. The IMSL Math Module for C++ is the first release from Visual Numerics' new family of object-oriented development tools, Visual Numerics ObjectSuite™. The IMSL Math Module for C++ uses the power and flexibility inherent in the C++ language to greatly reduce coding requirements. The combination of powerful algorithms and ease-of-use makes the IMSL Math Module for C++ ideally suited for object-oriented programmers building business, scientific, and research applications. The Module s object-oriented interface provides a natural algebraic approach to mathematical programming. > Includes classes in a variety of precisions for • complex arithmetic • vectors • matrices (symmetric, positive definite, general) • matrix decomposition (QR, LU, Cholesky, SVD, Diagonal Pivoting) • interpolation and approximation • pseudorandom number generation (uniform, normal, Poisson, gamma, beta, exponential) >■ Conforms to established conventions of C++ programming. > Built upon efficient algorithms. >■ Includes comprehensive online documentation. Here's why you should build your applications with the IMSL Math Module for C++: >* Speed your application development. > Reuse our code and expertise. >- Reduce complexity and simplify maintenance. > Develop object-oriented cross-platform solutions. V No run-time fees. Supported systems: • Intel-based PCs running Windows with Win32s or Windows NT • Sun Microsystems and Hewlett-Packard workstations • Coming soon for Windows 95 and IBM RS/6000 Circle 333 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 334). See why over 250,000 developers worldwide use IMSL for mission-critical applications. Get your math from the math experts. Call today! 1 -800-364-8880 T A /f C T Fortran and C/C++ J_lVXs3.L/ application develop application development tools Visual Numerics and IMSL are registered trademarks and ObjectSuite is a trademark of Visual Numerics, Inc. Windows, Windows NT and Windows 95 are trademarks of Microsoft Corp. All other product names are trademarks of their respective owners. Visual^umerics* phone (713) 954-6785 fax (713) 781-9260 e-mail: marketing@houston.vni.com http://www.vni.com London +44 (0) 1753-790600 • Paris +33-1-46-93-94-20 Stuttgart +49-71 1 -1 3287-0 • Tokyo +81 -3-5689-7550 PURIFY'd. AD95116 EASYCOM GALILEO Just Plug & Phone! The true PC and telephone integration. f, Record instantly your telephone conversation while speaking and replay it a moment later to the person you are speaking to ... or paste it into any of your documents or presentations! Play your new CD on the telephone to your remote interlocutor while speaking! Talk on the phone while playing the most sophisticated games! Scan documents with your local fax machine while phoning or receiving an external fax! Drive EasyCom Galileo phone functions through DTMF keys! ... and much more! All communication features integrated: Telephony + Sound / Voice / Modem / Fax General specifications: ISA 16 bits Plug & Play, powerful proprietary interface (COM port independent), totally evolutive (DSP based), auxiliary COM port emulation for full compatibility with any communication software. Windows 3.1, 3.11 and DOS drivers. External I/O connections: Microphone input, line-in, CD-in, line-out, > motherboard speaker in, speakers out, phone line, handset line. Integrated Telephony: Twin independent lines (handset/local fax and external phone line), powerful handset management, full duplex handset and/or speakerphone, spy mode, recording and replay 3 phone conversation, PBX management directly : fi'ora the PC (calls transfer and routing), access to telephone directories in any database. Audio & Sounds: 16 bits Stereo / 48 Khz sound and OPL3 synthesis, MPC II & Microsoft Sound System compatible, Sound Blaster and Ad Lib games compatibility, MPU 401 MIDI Interface (uart), IDE CD-ROM interface. Voice Mail System: Countless Voice servers and Answering machines, Fax on demand and remote querying / DTMF keys. Fax/ Modem 14400: V32bis, V32, V22bis, V22, V42, V42bis. Terminal emulation and transfer. V17,V29,V27ter,V21,V23. Std. COM port, Class 1 & 2 protocols. Software: All functions are fully integrated and managed by the powerful native EasyCom software under Windows 3.1,3.11 and Windows 95. By BuroBotics Rte Suisse 9, 1295 Mies, SWITZERLAND +41 22 7792255 tel. or 22 7791504 fax CompuServe : 100063,2624 Visit us at COMDEX 95 Windows standards compatibility, all Windows compatible networks supported. PTT approval in more than 1 5 worldwide countries in process. Competitive price policy. Distributors and OEM integrators welcomed. Circle 331 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 332). Disooorganized? BiskEasy is the easy-to-use Diskette Management,! nventory and Labeling program designed for everyday computer use. DiskEasy is the only tool you need to ■ Automatic Diskette Inventory Simply insert the disk and click on the Read & Store button to automatically add it to your inventory. ■ Full Search/Find Features Locate files and documents contained on a specific diskette in just seconds. No more searching through stacks of diskettes. organize, manage, label and catalog your diskettes - and the information they contain. Now compatible with "Wmlows95 Re-usable Label Sheets Choose which labels on a sheet to print, and run sheet through the printer multiple times. New On-Screen Graphic Format Easy graphic format for data entry lets you see your information as it will appear on your label. Order DiskEasy today! Receive DiskEasy plus FREE 180 laser diskette labels for only $34.95.* Call 800-7 7 1 -EASY or outside the us ca " 214 526 2446 or fax 214 526 6436 'Includes Shipping and Handling. Texas customers add 8.25% sales tax. We accept Phone Check, Mastercard and Visa ' 30-day money-back guarantee (less S6.95 shipping/handling charges). Prices are for US only. Canadian residents add $3.00, other countries add S20.00. Prices subject to change without notice. IBM PC or compatible running Windows 3.1, VGA or better. Mouse compatible device, and minimum 4MB RAM required. ©1995, Verot Publishing Group, Incorporated. DiskEasy is a product of the Verot Publishing Group, Incorporated. All other products, names or logos are copyrights of their respective owners. Verot Publishing Group, Incorporated, 4514 Cole Avenue, Suite 600, Dallas, TX 75205 800-771-EASY Circle 337 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 338). Yes ma'am, ^ you can drive those UNIX apps from your PC now. I 4 XoftWare® PC X servers. The full-service solution. Where can you find a one-stop solution for desktop-to-UNIX connectivity? With XoftWare, it's all in one place. In fact, it's the only X server that connects all your Windows, Windows NT, DOS, OS/2, Macintosh and PowerPC systems to your UNIX destinations. What's more, it's built for speed (fasten your seatbelt!) and fully loaded with administrative tools. The result? An easy maintenance, IS-friendly X server with high-performance UNIX access from all your desktop systems. So why not take it for a test drive? Call us at 1 -800-PICK-AGE (1-800-742-5243) KJfSTp or e-mail us at sales@age.com for your introductory copy. age 1 ST-TIME OFFER Circle 303 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 304). AGE Logic, Inc. 12651 High Bluff Drive, San Diego, CA 92130 Tel: 619.755.1000 Toll Free: 1.800.742.5243 East Coast: 1 .800.722.3702 Fax: 619.755.3998 e-mail: sales@age.com Internet: http://www.age.com XoftWare is a registered trademark of AGE Logie, Inc. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. ie Micro International 7600 Noteb THE BEST NOTEBOOK VALUE COMES FROM HOUSTON! t Rdw power is just the ^beginning of what 4 you get for only 660 Built-in multimedia speakers for the built-in soundblaster compatible 16-bit soundcard ! Two type II PCMCIA card slots (equal to 1 type 3) 340mb removable local bus HD(upto 810mb available) 8mb RAM (up to 40mb using user-upgradeable modules) and 256K L2 cache! Brilliant 10.3" Dual-scan Passive Matrix Color screen (Active Matrix also available). PEnrsum _ I w riHZ Mic in / Speaker / Headphone out jacks 3,5" floppy drive — 19mm trackball in just the right spot Dependable NiMH Battery R focus onservicelmdstipport since 1984, We give you free lifetime toll-free tech support. We preload the latest versions of DO: and Windows for Workgroups, including all video, sound, and PCMCIA card utilitie - Our 1 Year parts and Labor Warranty includes our outstanding 48 hour warranty servic turnaround time, proving that we understand how you depend on our products. Oi 30-day money back guarantee is pretty simple: you get a refund* if you're not satisfie for any reason. Our RealHelp disk included with every notebook allows us to servio your technical configuration files by remote access. Our 48-hour+ extensive burn-i and testing period on every single notebook, before it leaves our facility, ensures a absolute minimum of failures in your notebook. Anything less is just not mint! * Shipping Charges will be withheld from the refund. Micro International, 10850 Seaboard Loop, Houston, Texas 77099. Top quality service and support since 19841 Full information (including specifications, all options & prices) available by fax or mail on request. Fax (7 1 3) 495-779 1 Hours: 8-6 Monday-Friday. Call today toll free: 'Pentium is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. l-buu-/67-»o67 Take the Reins of Consolidated Control! AutoBoot Commander Personal Commander The industry standard AutoBoot Commander allows you to monitor and control up to 96 PCs or file servers with just one keyboard, monitor and mouse. For desktop control of smaller installations, give our Personal Commander a try! Cybex Corporation 4912 Research Drive Slimline Commander Magnum Commander The most streamlined members of the AutoBoot family, these Commanders are designed spe- cifically for all your rack mount applications. Choose the 1 .75 " (1 U) Slimline for 1 9 " racks, or the 3.5" (2U) Magnum for 19, 23, or 24" racks. AutoBoot Commander 4xP/lxP The most advanced AutoBoot products yet, the 4xP and lxP add multiuser, multiplatform and multimedia capabilities to the Commander world. Control PC, Mac and Sun computers from one location! Use the 4xP for larger installations; try the 1 xP for desktop control of smaller configurations. Huntsville, AL 35805 USA (205) 430-4000 (205) 430-4030 fax http://www.cybex.com/ PC is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corporation. Mac is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Sun is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems. Cybex, AutoBoot, Commander, Slimline, 4xP and 1 xP are trademarks of Cybex Corporation. COME SEE US AT Networks Expo, Dallas, TX; Sept. 12-14 1995 Booth #1696 & Networld + Interop, Atlanta, GA; Sept. 27-29 1995 Booth #5166 TM Circle 287 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 288). Web Site, Internet Gateway, and Workgroup Suite — All In One. I ■ ■ 1 * ][ - 1 «j&iroiu:!iw>''" , "< ■ m\L ft I ! I i i t i i mi t i ii i i i w ■ v v \ v \ : . Introducing Worldgroup Internet Server Workgroup Stuff Internet Stuff And More Stuff Free Windows Client SLIP/CSLIP/PPP Access Up to 256 Connections Teleconferencing/Chat Pass-Thru Web Browsing Interactive Sessions Electronic Moil Web Server Multithreaded Engine Group Message Forums Web Forms Support ASCII/ANSI Access File Libraries VRML & Java Support Administrative Reports Polls & Questionnaires CGI Web Server API Locks & Keys Security Multimedia File Launch Web Usage Reporting Unlimited User Classes Modem Access SMTP Send & Receive Remote Management LAN Access NNTP Send & Receive Visual Basic API Internet (TCP/IP) Access IRC Client ISV Credit Card Verifier ISDN Access Telnet Client & Server ISV Photograph Database X.25 Access Rlogin Client & Server ISV Group Calendar Offline Client Use FTP Client & Server ISV Document Retrieval Transparent Updates Finger Client & Server ISV Shopping Mall On one PC, you can easily provide full access to and from the Internet. You can have a stunning Web site that engages a client/server workgroup environment. And you can provide a gateway to the Web for your modem and LAN users. You can do all of this and more with the Worldgroup Internet Server — on a single 486 or Pentium DOS machine. Minimal maintenance. Maximum impact. With airtight security and easy administration. Starting at $1,495. You can add client/server databases, order entry, voice/ image conferencing, and more with a quick "A: INSTALL" — no laborious HTML work. Worldgroup is a trademark of Galacticomm, Inc. All other products are trademarks of their respective companies. Circle 292 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 293). To use the Internet for real business, give us a call at 1-800-328-1128 (outside U.S. and Canada call 305-583-5990). Or browse us at http://www.gcomm.com. MICROSOFT* W'IMXMS. COMR\na£ brunswrlh NetVNfare (^GALACTICOMM Bringing your vision online Step up to the best. DesignCAD. Only $99. (competitive upgrade) Now, for the first time in our ten year history of CAD software, we are offering a $99 competitive upgrade to DesignCAD. What does this mean? If you own any other CAD, Drawing, or Design software, you can step up to the best - DesignCAD. This is the complete, up-to-date package - not an older or limited version. For $99 you get your choice of the DesignCAD 2D for Windows (version 7.0) or the new Windows 95 version. Why are we doing this? Why are we offering $349 CAD software for $99? Because we believe it's the best, and we're sure you'll find it a significant improvement. In fact, we're so sure you'll like it we're offering a 30-day money back guarantee. Get the DesignCAD Competitive Upgrade for only $99, try it out, and if you're not satisfied for any reason send it back for a refund, no questions asked. 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Free Technical Support ■ i I J EDITORS' CHOICE YES! Send me the DesignCAD Competitive Upgrade for only $99. ' am the owner of the following CAD, Drawing, or Design software: I would like DesignCAD for: □ Windows 3.1 □ Windows 95 Payment Method: □ Visa QMC QAmex □ Discover QCOD □ Check/Money Order Card Number: Exp: Name: Address: Address: City, State, Zip : Phone: Call, Mail, or Fax your order: American Small Business Computers, One American Way, Pryor, OK 74361 (800) 233-3223 (91 8) 825-7555 fax (91 8) 825-6359 ^120 To get yours, call (800) 233-3223 v Card (RESELLERS- 2Rfi^ Circle 285 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 286) One Portable CD-ROM Drive — Two Simple Steps With the backpack quad-speed CD-ROM drive, you're one cable connection away from a world of multimedia business advantages: Plug it into your PC parallel port to access a universe of CD-ROM titles. Take it with you for portable data retrieval. Or share it with other PCs. backpack MicroSolutions Call Toll Free -800.295.1 21 4 No compatibility problems with virtually any IBM-compatible PC — Windows, DOS or OS/2. No taking your PC apart to install this quad-speed drive. Just plug it into your PC printer port — plug your printer into the backpack. A simple solution from the backpack family of tape, diskette and hard drives. NOW AVAILABLE WITH 16-BIT BUILT-IN SOUND OPTION! I32W. Lincoln Hwy. DeKalb, Illinois 601 15 • Telephone 8 1 5.756.341 1 • FAX 8 1 5.756.2928 Circle 294 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 295). PC MALL (800) 555-6255 Tiger Direct (FL) (800) 888-4437 USA Flex (IL) (800) 477-8323 W ^sa? The Tympani - More Bang For Your Monitor Buck! The Orchestra Diva is singing again. This time, it's about our new 17" Tympani mon- itor. Now, for $469, you can have a 17" it^t ^1/ screen » w ^ n two-thirds more Windows vHK# screen area than a 15" screen. Get a bigger, better and brighter image for larger text and more vivid multi-media impact. All that extra screen area, with a maxi- mum non-interlaced resolution of 1024x768, for an estimated street price of only $469! More Screen For Your Buck Even with a $469 price tag, the Tympani offers pincushioning control and Energy Star compliance, with DPMS power man- agement. For more features and performance, look to Orchestra's newest 15" and 17" displays, the French Horn II and the Tuba II. You're In Control With Advanced On-Screen Display The French Horn II and Tuba II support high refresh rates and have advanced On-Screen Display controls for adjust- ing image geometry and color. Adjust the tilt/rotation, pin- cushion/barreling and trapeziod aspects, so your image is sharp, square and stable, just the way you like it. Moreover, color balancing allows adjustment of Red, Green and Blue, so you can match your screen color to your printer output, or maybe just your mood. Call us at (800) 237-9988 from 8:30am to 5:30pm, PST and ask a product specialist about the full line of Orchestra 14'; 15" and 17" displays as well as the Tempo Series of PCI and Vesa Local Bus video adaptors. For all your monitor -™™- needs, Orchestra has a model BJhiI to lit your computing style. ^g|j^j For more information, or to find a dealer nearest you, call today The Diva is singing for Orchestra; let Orchestra perform for you. Doi Pitch(mm) D.42 0.28 0.28 Maximum Resolution 1024x768 1600x1280 1280x1024 (Noninterlaced) Trapezoidal Control NO YES YES lilt/Rotation Control NO YES YES Pincushion Control YES YES YES Cotor Batance Control NO YES YES Color Temp. Control NO YES YES Microprocessor Controls NO YES YES On-screen Controls NO YES YES Estimated Street Price $469 S699 S499 (800) 237-9988 © 1995 Orcheslra MulliSystems, Inc. All trade names are trademarks ol their respective companies MultiSystems, Inc. Technology in Concert Circle 130 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 131). E-mail messages are like fish: You don't want to let the big ones get away, but you need to screen out the little stinky ones. Eudora Pro has message filters that you can pre- set to separate the Big Mouths from the Barra- cudas. Eudora Pro™ is like an Ultimate Cruising Machine. Since it uses TCP/IP, your messages glide effortlessly across WANs and through LANs, without having to pass through cumber- some gateways. That's why it's the e-mail of choice for the ( x^^V^fcl >^/ Internet. ^\'SJf'h When buying proprietary e-mail, you may just get more than you bargained for. Over two million Mac and PC users aren't the only ones applauding Eudora. MacUser selected Eudora Pro as the best communications software of 1994. Most proprietary e-mail applications have really great front ends (GUIs) and tons of features. But try pushing one through a gateway without getting something trampled on... like your message. Not a pretty sight! Want security? Eudora Pro uses a sophisticated authentication system called Kerberos to guard your mailbox For more information, contact your local dealer. For a listing of authorized Eudora resellers and distributors, call: 1-800-2-EUDORA ext. 6083; e-mail: eudora-sales12@qualcomm.com; fax: 619-658-1500; worldwide web address: http://www.qualcomm.com/QualHome.html. Circle 307 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 308). Is your system administration group balancing proprietary e-mail systems against low maintenance, interoperability and ease of use? Can't be done! Try an open system. Try Eudora Pro! UALCO/WVA The Apple logo is a trademark of Apple Computer Inc. Circle 326 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 327). DefactoRAID High-Performance SCSI RAID Systems Discover the best RAID price/per- formance in the industry. Raidtec is the affordable, open, SCSI-to- SCSI hardware RAID solution for complete data protection. Ideal for mission critical applications, document imaging & multimedia. It's time to re-visit the ultimate in high- • Fast & Wide SCSI II • RAID levels 0, 1, 10, 3/5 • Programmable RAID Level selection • On-the-f ly hardware parity generation eliminates read, modify, write-back performance overhead • Downloadable flash firmware Remote alarms, configuration & monitoring • Environmental sensor ports • "Hot Replaceable" disk drive bays & power supplies Single SCSI ID • Solid state load sharing power subsystem LCD control panel status display availability storage. Contact Raidtec today at (404) 664-6066. Tut Standard In Advanced Mass Storage Systems Raidtec USA Raidtec EUROPE 10S Hembtee Park Dt* Suite C Glen Mervyn House • Glanmire Rosvvell, GA 30076 Cork, Ireland Tel.: (404) 664-6066 Te!.: (353) 21-821454 VAX: (404) 664-6166 ... FAX: (353) 21-821654 If you are looking to purchase a computer or computer-related product, Computer Purchaser's Help Line is a research company that has been sourcing vendors for large corporate and government contractors for years. Now we are offering the same service to the public. We can give you access to vendors who normally do not sell to the public. If you have decided what product to buy, we can tell you who has the lowest price. If you find a vendor who will sell you the same product for a lower price than the source we gave you, we will pay you $10!* You have nothing to lose! You just save $$$ on your purchases! Just imagine how much you can save on your next Computers, Printers, Memory, Fax/Modems, Hard Disk Drives, CD-ROM Drives, Multimedia Upgrades, Plotters, Digitizers, Software, Networking Products... To Save on Your Next Purchase, Calk (900) 9-SOURCE Mon-Fri 9-5 PST (900)976-8723 «B«fi Our charges are only $4.99 for the first minute plus $1 .99 for each additional minute. You can check on as many prices as you want with only one call. Computer Purchaser's Help Line All price guarantees are for 24 hours. The vendor who is offering you the lower price must sell nationwide and must offer the same price to everyone and have stock. You need to call us at (714) 852-8249 and give us the name of the vendor, phone number and your referral number. We will give you an approval number and mail you a check for $1 0. 182 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 m SciTcch **gija&» =- Software for Science MICROSOFT 8 FORTRAN POWERSTATION Develop & run Fortran programs of virtually any size P . _ & complexity with Microsoft FORTRAN PowerStation ;H( l|/l k/\N family of 32-bit development systems! Migrate '" ' - -- Fortran code from other platforms with little or no modification! Get unparalleled price/performance! Save time in code development and maintenance using the Windows integrated development environment. Call NOW to order or request a FREE Test Drive Kit! DOS & Windows price $349 Windows NT price $519 EndNote Plus Bibliography maker that creates bibliographies in your word processor. Comes with a collection of bibliographic styles for more than 240 lead- ing academic journals. Choose from these or create your own. Flexible searching and sort- ing functions help you to organize your refer- ences. EndLink, sold separately, imports refer- ences downloaded from online or CD-ROM directly into your End Note database. New Windows Version! Windows, Mac price , JMP 3.1 Statistical Discovery Software from SAS Institute, Inc. Statistics is not just data reduction and analysis, it's data discovery. JMP's unique graphical approach to statistics allows you to see your data from many dif- ferent perspectives quickly, easily. JMP's ever-growing list of statistical features includes: extensive linear ond nonlinear model fitting, including regression, ANOVA, MANOVA, and random effects models. Statistical qualily control analysis, extensive survival analysis, and exclusive integrated design of experiments. Mac, Windows price $599 STANFORD GRAPHICS With Stanford Graphics' Graph Gallery of 171 graph types, you'll always find the right graph for your technical data. Error bar charts, X-Y plots, bubble plots, histograms, 3D surfaces and contours, and curve fitting are just a few of the graph types available. Link your Excel, Lotus 1-2-3 or ASCII files directly into a powerful 4-dimensional spreadsheet. Windows price $99 Windows NT price $229 "grffw*" MICROSOFT® VISUAL C++ If you program in C or C++ and use MS DOS , Windows® or Windows NT™, Microsoft Visual C++™ (version 2.0) is THE product to use. Visual C++ fea- tures an optimizing compiler and a state-of-the-art Integrated Development Environment that includes a project manager, incremental linking; just in time debugging; books online and a whole lot more! Get outstanding value by enrolling in the subscription program. Single product price $399 Subscription price $499 MathType Upgrade your Equation Editor to MathType. Get the full-featured version of the Equation Editor that comes with Microsoft Word and many other Windows and Macintosh applications. MathType is as | easy to use as Equation Editor and you get a lot more features to help you work faster and produce better looking documents. I Windows, Mac price $129 Upgrade from Equation Editor $89 MWfl I ' lit iu '■ ■■■ EXPOHENTGMMB. IMSL EXPONENT GRAPHICS 2D and 3D graphics library for technical applications that includes a Fortran and C application programming interface, built- in GUI for Graph customization and hun- dreds of code samples. 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Interactive Multimedia Can Expand Your Company's On-line Experience Atmihilator blends Windows 95 multitasking, NT robust server operations, and MAPI technology, with BBS technology to offer full on-line multimedia to every caller. And you never have to retrieve the information. Whether it's sent from a node on your LAN, a remote location, or an address on the Internet, it all shows up right on your E-mail system. Deliver Even More Information - At Much Greater Speeds Atmihilator 's Preview CD will show how the true power of client/server functionality can be unleashed to provide users with broad, BBS-based solutions. They'll learn how to implement a BBS with a core information server, and route that information using a number of application clients. And be able to establish a true distributed processing system that delivers more information at greater speed, even on a single PC. Call today. Your copy of Atmihilator is waiting. 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Purchase of the Pre-Release Atmihilatar CD establishes eligibility for a 75% discount off the manufacturers suggested retail price when Atmihilator is released later this year. Only 5000 Copies Of The Pre-Release Atmihilator CD Will Be Mastered. Get The Inside Track And Stay On The Leading Edge Of BBS Technology By Getting Your Copy. Call Today To Reserve A Copy 1-800-663-7509 "Add $10 for shipping and handling ^SsEwc Connecting The World som wc Mustang Software, Inc. • 6200 Lake Ming Road • Bakersfield. CA 93306 805-873-2500 • FAX 805-873-2599 • BBS 805-873-2400 • WWW:http://www.mustang.com Although the BBS on tlieCD will k opcrati at intended to be usedas a commercial BBS because it wilt' not have completed testing nor will it include f til printed documentation. © 1995 Mustang Software, Inc. All names are trademarks of their respective companies. i^MB [jfjr-rirtfs fn to rnfrf Call today for free catalog ♦ Print servers ♦ Data switches ♦ Keyboard/video control 800-333-9343 P.O. 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Functions Thematic mapping and shading; 2-D, 3-D pie charts, bar graphs; dot den- sity maps; scaled symbol maps; 3-D prism and contour lines; portfolio technique: presentation of cross tables in maps; easy creation of sales territories; fast aggregation of maps and data; spatial selection and data filter in maps and data; geocoding of pointfiles (customers); unlimited number of layers; multimedia layer; ODBC/OLE; interface to SPSS; import capability of different graphic formats; digitizing module; high quality, scalable output. VIW^N MACON GmbH Schoenbornstrasse 21 D-68753 Waghaeusel, Germany Phone:+49-7254-983-0 FAX: +49-7254-983-290 Circle 314 on Inquiry Card. Companies from Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany together at COMDEX/Fall'95 Kleinmann GmbH AmTrieb 13, D-72820 Sonnenbuehl, Germany Phone: +49-7128-9292-0, FAX +49-7128-9292-92 Computer Cleaning Products Not for Endusers. Exclusive with private Label. Circle 315 on Inquiry Card. .vVU ikijj. . ^ PENTIUM^ , MOTHERBOARD With Built-in Adaptec SCSI-2/IDE Controller. Accomodates 75, 90 or 100MHz CPU's. 3 PCI, 5 ISA Slots, 128Mb Allowable. Cooling Fan Included. MB-P54AS $419 Pentium Motherboardw/o CPU %AltexEle€tronit$ 1-800-531-5369 10731 Gulf dale • San Antonio, TX 78216 210-828-0503 • FAX :2 10-340-2409 Hours 8am-6pm M-F, 9-5pm Sat CST 10705 Metric Blvd. • Austin, Texas 78758 (512)832-9131 • FAX: (512) 835-1328 Hours8am-6pm M-F,9-5pmSatCST (Sadaprec* AHA-1542CF 16-Bit SCSI-2 Host Adapter (BusMaster) $219 AHA-1542CFK Kit includes Adapter Card, OS Drivers & Cables $285 AHA-2842VL 64 Bit SCSI-2 VL Bus Adapter Kit (Drivers,Cables,Adapter) $269 AHA-2940KT PCI Local Bus SCSI BusMaster (RISC-based SCSI I/O) $339 NET WORK MasterView CPU Switch allows One Console to ACCESS Six Servers/CPUs. Cascadeable, built-in buffer, Auto-ScawfJIanual Selection(3-40 sec. scan intervals), supports VGA to MultiSync. Perfect for access to File Servers, Trouble-shooting or Routine Monitoring. LED indicators. CS-106 AT Only $299 CS-104 AT or PS2 $279 VIDEO SEPARATOR is a fast flexible solution for VGA duplication. Video Signal is enhanced for long distance broadc- asting up to 210 ft. (Daisy Chainable) VS-104 4 to 1 $129 VS-108 8to1 $189 CABLE ASSEMBLIES 1 1 342 IH-35 North • San Antonio, TX 78233 1 5207 Midway Road • Dallas, Texas 75244 21 0-637-3200 • F AX:21 0-637-3264 (214) 386-8882 • FAX: (214) 386-9182 Hours 8am-8pm M-F, 9-5pm Sat CST Hours 8am-7pm M-F, 9-5pm Sat CST TERMS: For CO.D. orders add $5 per package. Minimum $25. Cash or Cashiers Check only. For orders under $99 add S3 handling charge. Orders §99 or more no handling fee. All shipping is FOB San Antonio, Texas and will be added to your invoice. Texas residents add 7-3/4% sales tax. All returns require RMAfl and must be returned in original condition. A 15% restocking fee will be assessed on product returned in non-resa|eable conditipn. No returns on memoiy, cut cable or custom cable assemblies Prices subject to change without notice. We are not responsible lor typographical errors. CORPORATE, INSTITUTIONAL & GOVERNMENT POs WELCOME. NET 30 TERMS AVAILABLE UPON APPROVAL. NETWORKNG NfTC 10BASE-T/BNC Adapter Card features software selectable I/O, interrupt & PROM address (Jumpeitess). NE2000/IEEE 802.3 compliant with LED indicators for activity & link detection. Supports NOVELL, Microsoft, Artisoft, FTP and PC/NFS. Compatible with all Bus systems, 10Mbps transfer & is FCC certified. 300-017-01 10BaseT/BNC Adapter (8/16bit) s^vHI $® 400-006-01 16-Port10BaseTHub &J&\ $264 400-004-01 8Port10BaseTHub [■T^R $135 700-003-01 Ethernet Bundle Pak (8Poit Hub and 4 Combo Cards) MKSpS $249 BOCA 16-Port Ethernet 10BASE-T Hub With 10Base-2 and AU I connections. Automatic partitioning upon excessive colfision detection with automatic restoral upon correction. Compact, fits easily on a desktop. Includes AC adapter, BNC-T Conn and 5 Yr Mfg Warranty. BDCH 28.8KBPS V.34 MODEMS MV.34I 28.8Kbps Internal $174 M1440E 14.4Kbps External 106 MV.34E 28.8Kbps External 225 SE1440 14.4Kbps Modem, VoiceMail, Speakerphone 169 M1440I 14.4Kbps Internal Modem & Sound Card 82 •=6 ft 10 ft $3.99 $4.99 3.99 8.99 1-9 10+ $2.99 $2.54 2.99 2.54 2.99 2.75 2.99 'Please fill in ' with length desired Printer Cables PPC301-* Parallel Piinter Cable (DB2510 36P) $2.99 $3.99 DB-25 Line Cables (Wired Straight Thru, Shielded w/ Thumbscrews) 25MM-* 0825 Male to Male 25MF-" DB25 Male to Female Extension Cables 5MM-6 DSP M to M (6 foot) KEC-6 Keyboard Cable (6 loot) PS2-KEC6 PS2 Keyboard Cable (6 loot) 3.39 PS2-KA AT Keyboard on PS/2 (MD6P to D5S) 2.89 MEC-6 Monitor Extension Cable 2.99 PS2-MECQ VGA Monitor Cable (6 loot) 3.39 AC Power Cords 1-9 10+ ACPC-02 PC Power Cotd, W $2.49 $2.23 ACPC-03 Monitor Power Adapter, f 2.29 1.99 ACPC-04 Monitor Power Extension (6') 3.69 2.75 Drive Cable Assemblies Each HD-IDE 40S-40S Single IDE Haid Drive CaMe $1.49 DFC-U Univeisal Cable Set (5 Connector) 2.95 2HDIDE Dual IDE Hard Diive Cable 2.99 YAD-4 Disc Drive T Adapter 4P 1.99 SCSI Cables SCSI-RC Three IDS 50-Pin Sockets (2) SCSI-DC 50-Pin Cent (M) - 50-Pin Cent (M) SCSI-II 50-Pin Cent (M) - 50-Pin Hall Pitch SCSMI3 50-Pin HP to 50-Pin Hall Pitch (3) SCSI-2HH 50-Pin HP to 50-Pin HP (B) SCSI-EC6 50-Pin Cent (M) ■ 50-Pin Cent (F) Gender Changers & Adapters 1-24 25 ATSCA 9P (F) to25P (M) Adapter $2.49 $2.04 PCSCA 9P(M)to25P(F) Adapter 2.49 2.04 TGC-9 9P Ultrathin Gender Changer 2.69 2.45 TGC-25 25P Ultrathin Gender Changer2.99 2.75 LINE EXTENDERS/BUFFERS Non-Powered Parallel Line Extender safely transmit data up to 1300 ft. over 4Pair phone line without data loss. Compact, FCC Approved. 30' cable PLE100 DB25MtoDB25M $49 PLE110 DB25 Mto36 Pin Cent. M 49 IC-9V200 9V /200mA , A C extends to 2000' 6.25 AUTO SWITCH/BUFFER -Powered Auto Switch with a optional Buffer Card. Takes data at full speed, cutting wait time. AS-411P 4 to 1 Parallel AS-811P 8 to 1 Parallel AS-251 P 2 lot Parallel (Compact) AS-451 P 4 tot Parallel (Compact) AS-RAM-256K 256k Ram Buffer AS-RAM-1M 1Mb Ram Buffer AS-RAM-2M 2 Mb RAM Buffer $4.95 7.99 29.95 29.95 34.95 9.99 IC-9V300 $79 119 25 49 $59 129 215 9V 7300mA, AC Adaptor 6.25 BEN220 BEN210 BE2000/2 BEN120 BEN110 BEN1VL BEN1P1 $264 $135 $67 $70 64 73 & LONGSHINE BOCA 16-Port Ethernet 10Base-T Hub BOCAHUB-8 (Eight Port) 10Base-T Concentrator BOCA 10BaseT/2 Adapter Card BOCALANcard Combo Plug & Play (16-bit) RJ45 & BNC BOCALANcard TP Plug & Play (16-bit) RJ45 Only BOCALANcard VLB Plug & Play(32-bit) RJ45 Only BOCALANcard PCI Plug ft Play(32-bil) RJ45 & BNC 83 ETHERNET ADAPTER CARDs are NE-2000 /NET BIOS compatible, CSMA, IEEE802.3 protocol, distributed bus, 10Mbps, supports PC-LAN, MS-NET, NOVELL, built-in high performance transceiver drivers for OOl, NDIS, SCO UNIX, TCP/IP and has 8 IRQs for flexibility and on-board ROM socket. LCS-8634MI 1 6-Bit NE2000 Ethernet Adapter (BNC, SGL Chip) LCS-8634L-T 16 -Bit Ethernet Jumperless Adapt. (R J45 Only) LCS-8634TBA 1 6-Bit Ethernet Adapter (AUI.BNC.TP Conn.) LCS-8934TBA 32-Bit Ethernet Adapt. (AUI, BNC.TP Conn.) LCS-8834-2 PS/2 Ethernet Card (AUI/Cheaper Port, 800 meters) Transceiver 1 0Base-T (AU I to RJ-45) 5 Yr Ml g Warranty Transceiver for BNC. Connector 5 Yr Mfg Warranty 8 Port 10Base-T Repeater (AUI.BNC.TP) 12 Port Repeater w/2 Transceivers 3COM Etherlinklll "Parallel Tasking" 16-Bit 10BASE-T Network Adapter. SNMP Manageable designed for ISA or EISA base Boards. Includes User Guide andAutoLink Software diagnostics and drives. 3C509B-TP 1 0BASE-T 1 6-Bit Ethernet Adapter (RJ-45) j $139 3C509B 10BASE-T 16-Bit Ethernet Adapter (BNC) ■ $149 3C509B-TP 1 0BASE-T/2 1 6-Bit Ethernet Adapter (RJ-45/BNC) 3M*1 1 1 * 5139 LCS-883T-T LCS-883T3 LCS883R-T8 LCS883R-2 $34 36 48 109 140 $42 '$62 SM 189 CATEGORY 5 VOICE/DATA CABLE VDC5-4 Level5, 4 Pair, Unshielded CL-2 PVC VDC5-4P Level 5, 4 Pair, Plenum MP-8S 8-Pin RJ45 Plug (Solid) __ 1-99' 100-999' 1000' .$016 $0.11 $90 0.50 0.38 270 0.38 0.30 0.25 POWER PROTECTION BC "Personal" & "PRO" Battery Back-Up Systems provide excellent basic power protection, guards against blackouts/brownouts, surges or spikes thus saving data and hardware! Designed for Home or Small Office application. Features micro- processor controlled "Pulse Width Modulated Waveform" for increased backup time. $25K Ultimate and 2 Yr Mfg Warranty. j ^^ •— ^ BCPERS-280 280VA/175W Personal UPS (2 Outlets) $104 500VA/350W Personal UPS (4 Outlets) 181 550VA/375W LAN UPS (4 Outlets) 197 850VA/570W LAN UPS (4 Outlets) 305 1400VA/990W LAN UPS (6 Outlets) 446 BCPERS-500 BCPRO550 BCPRO850 BCPRO1400 TRIPP LITE OMNIPRO LINE INTERACTIVE UPS Designed for the Poor Power (Voltage Sags/ Brownouts) Environment. Combined Line Interactive Technology and New Microprocessor Controlled standby UPS (On-Board UPS (Voltage Regulator) design keeps your computer working through extended brownouts without draining battery power. Line Interactive voltage correction from 91 to 140 AC, back to 120V nominal. Offers Pulse Width Modulated Output, Spike and RFI/EMI filtering, 5 second restart delay, automatic inverter shutdown and Ultimate Lifetime Insurance. DB9 LAN Backup Time Part# Output (Volts/Watts) NEMA5-15R Outlets Port (Half Load) Lbs Each OMNIPRO280 280/175 4 No 17 13 $149 OMNIPRO450 450/280 4 Yes 17 15.5 207 OMNIPR0675 675/425 4 Yes 17 20 279 OMNIPRO850 850/570 4 Yes 21 27 369 OMNIPRO1050 1050/705 6 Yes 23 32 414 OMNIPRO1400 1400/940 6 Yes 24 39 499 Happy 20th BYTE! MEMORY 1MEGX9-70 $47 4MEGX9-60 199 4MEGPS2-60 197 4MEGPS2-70 194 8MEGPS2-60 385 16MEGPS2-60 698 1MEGX1-70 $7.00 44256-70 7.00 Call for Current Pricing "Voyager 64" High Speed Graphics Accelerator to 1600 x 1200 resolution PCI Bus, 2Mb DRAM, "Green PC Savings". SVGP64 Voyager 64 PCI 2Mb Accelerator $199 CATEGORY 5 19"Patch Panels With 110 Blocks Part# Desc. 1-4 5-9 10+ PP824-5 8 Wire, 24 Port S99 $96 $89 PP848-5 8 Wire, 48 Port 209 194 181 | PP896-5 8 Wire, 96 Port 399 372 347 CATEGORY 5 (100Mbps Standards) , Colored Cable ONLY (No Boot) | * Simply fill in with one of following cable colors desired: 70 (Gray) 73 (Green) 71 (Black) 74 (Red) 72 (Blue) 75 (Yellow) AltexNo. Length 1-9 10-49 50+ 73-66 -3 3 ft $4.00 $3.56 $3.20 73-66 -7 7 ft 5.25 4.67 4.20 73-66 -15 15 ft 7.80 6.93 6.24 73-66 -25 25 ft 11.03 9.80 8.82 73-66 -50 50ft 18.25 16.22 14.60 Wall Plates for Inserts l=lvory W=White Part# KWP-1 KWP-2 KWP-3 KWP-4 KWP-6 Description 1-9 1 Port 2 Port 3 Port 4 Port 6 Port $1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 1.49 10-24 25-99 $1.34 $1.22 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.34 1.22 1.22 1.22 1.22 ftfc -..,,.(, , J. «: . : 110TypeRJ45 Jack INSERTS Available Colors: Ivory, Black, Red, Green, Yellow, Orange & Blue KJ-110WH White $5.50 $5.00 $4.58 Other Type inserts Idvory KP-IN Blank Insert $0.30 KP-INW Blank Insert 0.30 KP-BNC BNC Feed through Insert 3.00 KP-BNCW BNC Feed Thru Insert 3.00 KP-ST ST Insert 6.50 Wall PlateMountlng Boxes MB-IV Ivory $2.50 MB-WH White 2.50 W=White $0.25 $0.20 0.25 0.20 2.73 2.50 2.73 5.91 2.50 5.42 $2.27 2.27 $2.08 2.08 HARD DRIVES Seagate IDE ST-3491A 428Mb @ 15ms IDE $189 ST-3660A 545Mb @ 1 4ms IDE ., 209 ST-3780A 722Mb @ 1 2ms IDE 269 ST31220A 1.08Gb @ 9ms IDE 349 SCSI <55> Seagate ST31230N 1.05Gb @ 9ms $629 ST32550N 2.14Gb FSCI BARRACUDA 1,149 ST15150N 4.0Gb FSCSI 1,649 ST410800N 9Gb FSCSI BARRACUDA 2,899 MXT-7420A 420Mb @ 14ms $189 MXT-7540A 540Mb @ 12ms 209 MXT-7850A 850Mb @ 14ms 259 MXT-71050A 1.05Gb @ EIDE 319 MXT-71260AT 1.2Gb @ 12ms 349 188 BYTK SEIH'KMBt-U I99S Circle 284 on Inquiry Card. TOOLS Available on DOS, MS Windows, Windows NT, OS/2 PM, SCO Unix, Interactive Unix, Solaris on Intel and SUN SPARC. Your applications written with the GSS Graphic Tools are portable to all platforms. 32 bit technology also on DOS through support of Pharlap DOS extender, Lahey Fortran LF90, Watcom C, Watcom Fortran, MS Visual C/C++, MS Fortran Powerstation and Metaware High C/C++. GSS*GDT Graphics Development Toolkit enables you to develop applications in a device and system independent way. Based on the ISO CGI standard GSS*GDT supports a variety of input and output devices through device-specific CGI drivers. GSS*GDT is completely integrated into the underlying windowing system and comes with more than 160 callable C and Fortran functions. Furthermore, it is compatible with the Graphics Development Tools from IBM and SCO. CGMStoMl Computer Graphics Metafile is the ISO/ANSI standard for system independent storage of vector and rasterbased graphical information. CGM is part of the worldwide CALS and ATA initiatives that optimize industrial processes and is implemented in hundreds of applications. Together with our partner, Henderson Software Inc., whose president Lofton Henderson is the technical editor of the CGM standard, EMATEK offers a complete product line of CGM tools. MetaGen: The C function library to generate standard compliant CGM metafiles. MetaTran: The C function library to interpret CGM metafiles. MetaCheck: The tool to check CGM metafiles for standard conformity. MetaPrint: CGM printer driver for MS Windows. HSIview: Metafile Interpreter for MS Windows and CGM/WMF Converter. GSS*CGM: The high level C and FORTRAN function libraries to interpret and convert CGM metafiles via GSS*GKS and GSS*GDT. •^Standard GSS*GKS Graphical Kernel System is a C and FORTRAN function library that enables you to develop portable graphic applications which include for example user interaction, coordinate transformation and object segmentation, based on the ISO GKS Standard. GSS*GKS, which is installed in large quantities on the DOS platform and has been proved successful for years, is now available for the graphical user interfaces and therefore offers the software developer a smooth transition to the new windowing systems. CGI Print Manager for Xll Windows NT shaked the UNIX community decently. But on closer examination it is the numerous small features which make NT attractiv and which the UNIX system does not possess. For example the Windows Graphical Device Interface (GDI) is one of these features and allows every hardware manufacturer to develop device drivers and to deliver them with his devices. Hence every customer can, at any point, install additional drivers himself thus optimizing the use of his software. Up until now this is impossible under UNIX. But EMATEK has just developed a print manager for Motif /X1 1 on the base of the Computer Graphics Interface (CGI) standard. The final product will allow each X1 1 -based application to address printers, plotters or output files through the CGI device interface. In addition, CGI as an ISO standard adheres to the UNIX open systems' philosopy. GSS*EasyChart This brandnew library for MS Windows provides you with functions to easily integrate business charts and graphs into your application. For an incredibly low price you can view your datasets as pie, bar, line, step or schedule charts and customize each detail. Enhance your existing application with presentation graphics capabilities. Business Charts and Graphs supports various C and Fortran compilers. Training & Consulting Our training & consulting group deals with a variety of activities ranging from customer consulting to training in the use of graphical standards as well as designing and developing graphical solutions. Circle 317 on Inquiry Card. EmatekGmbH Subbelrather Strasse 17- D-50823 Cologne, Germany Phone: +49-221 -51 2074 -Fax: +49-221-529666 Email: gsscgi@ematek.de A sign of Quality for over 1 2 Years When disaster strikes your computer, he prepared with aduanced technology from micro 2000... LL COMPUTER EQUIPMENT will eventually fail. ^It may take years before your hard drive crash- es. It may be months before you have any serious data loss, problems with your memory or experience chip failure. Then again, it could be today! At MICRO 2000 we are constantly thinking ahead to provide you with the products you'll need to protect yourself from hours of frustration and downtime. Our expanding line of products can assist you to recover data from a crashed disk when all the others have failed. We can help you diagnose what's wrong with your PCs in a flash, on-site or remotely — without a modem! Tech Support you can count on in the crunch... Good products are one thing, but how about some- one to walk you through the tough stuff? Even though a large percentage of our clients are professional techni- cians and power users, we regularly receive calls from beginning users who need help getting started. After all, these are tomorrow's power users and technicians. Advanced technology based on what you need... You can help us to serve you. If you use any of our products, please let us know what you like about them, or what improvements we could make. We try to make each new version fulfill as many needs and wishes as possible, as your business and success are important to us. Give us a call or write to us with any comments. IVIICRO EQQQ can 1-800 861-8008 THIS IS A MUST-HAVE TOOL for PC Service Technicians everywhere. Supply your customers with this inex- pensive software and let MICRO-SCOPE CLIENT diagnose what's wrong with their PCs without leaving your office! When your customer calls you with a service problem, simply have him boot his PC with the Micro-Scope CLIENT floppy disk in drive A and select either the Quick Test or the Extensive Test. Then just look up the resulting error codes in the CLIENT manual and you'll know exactly what's wrong and be able to bring the correct replace- ment chips, drives, cables, etc. CLIENT also reports the exact system configuration so you can insure compatibility. Saves time and money! M', [TCRO-SCOPE CENSUS LETS YOU keep track of hundreds or even thousands of computers and know each one's exact hardware and system configuration at a glance. Many techni- cians and MIS Directors use this software tool to save hours of downtime in companies with multiple computers. Simply load the supplied disk into each computer on site (up to 1 00 PCs recordable on each disk) . CENSUS automatically records complete system information and assigns each PC a unique ID num- ber. The data can now be downloaded from the disk into any database program so it's ready to retrieve at a moments notice. For even greater productivity and speed, use CENSUS in combination with MICRO-SCOPE CLIENT to remotely diagnose each PC and arrive with the exact parts required, fully compatible. You'll be in and out in a flash with a greater profit margin. o i |UITE OFrEN THINGS AREN'T what they seem. The rated speed and efficiency of a computer can be misleading — and some- times absolutely false. 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Jerry Pournelle awarded MICRO-SCOPE & POST-PROBE the User's Choice Award in the May 1994 issue of Byte Magazine: "You name it, this tests it. If you maintain PCs you'll love it." ♦ LOW-LEVEL FORMAT— Performs Low-level format on all drive types including IDE drives. This function cannot hurt IDE drives. ♦ USE CON- TROLLER BIOS— Program will access BIOS format built into any hard disk controller— even Controllers yet to be invented. ♦ O/S INDEPENDENT— Does not rely on O/S for diagnostics. Talks to PC on hardware level. All tests are full function regardless of O/S (i.e. Novell, UNIX, OS/2). ♦ TRUE HARD- WARE DIAGNOSTICS— Accurate testing of CPU, IRQ's, DMA's, memory, hard drives, floppy drives, video cards, etc. ♦ BATCH CONTROL— All tests, even destructive, may be selected for testing. ♦ ERROR LOGGING — Auto- matically inputs errors during testing to an error log. ♦ AUTOMAPPING — Automatically bad sector maps errors found on hard disks. ♦ IRQ DIS- PLAY — Show bits enabled in IRQ chip for finding cards that are software driven. (Network, Tape Backup, etc.) ♦ IRQ CHECK— Talks directly to hardware and shows I/O address and IRQ of devices that respond. ♦ MEMO- RY EXAMINE — Displays any physical bit of memory under 1 Meg. Vei7 use- ful for determining memory conflicts. Very useful for determining available memory space. ♦ SECTOR EDITOR — Allows the editing of any sector of floppy or hard disk media (even track 0). ♦ AND MUCH MORE... 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ISA/EISA/MCA. ♦ Compatible with Micro Channel computers. ♦ Dip switch allows easy selec- tion of I/O ports to read. ♦ Includes tri-state LOGIC PROBE to determine actual chip failures. ♦ Manual includes chip layouts and detailed POST proce- dures for all major BIOS's. ♦ AND MUCH MORE... call for more details. IVIICRO Govt. Serv. #: GS-00K-94AGS-5396 Circle 301 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 302). Rock 'n'Roll is big business with a need for powerful software solutions. ^^ & 3 DATA •Sage* When you choose the DataFlex application development system, you can count on delivering powerful solutions. DataFlex's greatest strength is in the language, a 4GL strong enough to sustain anything you can build on it. Powerful enough to take you far beyond the point at which most other products leave you stranded. 0ver350,000 installationsand 2,000,000 users in 40 countries make DataFlex a proven solution for a wide range of business applications for companies like Mercedes-Benz, Coca-Cola, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. "DataFlex's greatest strength is in the language itself. I like knowing my customers, from the Pittsburgh Symphony to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, can depend on their DataF lex-based ap- plications to manage their veryhecticschedules. I, as the developer, can focus on the business requirements of the application, rather than the underlying language capabilities and systems. " Randy Slapnicka Event Software Corp. DataFlex means business. We speak your language because we want you to speak ours. Call us today for a free information kit. In the United States, Phone 1-800-451-3539 For Sales Information Country Telephone Fax Country Telephone Fax Eastern Australia (61) (03) 888-9899 (61) (03) 888-9950 Malta 356-241246 356-230631 Western Australia (61) (09) 321-3378 (61) (09) 481-1874 Mexico (525)631-4663 (525)631-4538 Brazil (55) (01 1)872-9266 (55) (011) 653-899 Netherlands (31)074-55 56 09 (31)074-50 34 66 Canada 416-226-2181 416-226-4341 Poland (48) 42-334139 (48) 42-746434 Germany (49)06172-9568-0 (49)06172-956812 Spain (34)(1)372-95-17 (34) (1)372-81-56 Greece (30-1)6517945 (30-1)6536891 Thailand (66) (02) 276-2559 (66) (02) 275-9156 Italy (39) (0184) 231.606 (39) (0184)231.243 Trinidad (809) 628-9330 (809) 628-9259 Japan (81-3)-3296-7324 (81-3)-3296-7329 United Kingdom 44(1-923)242222 44(1-923)249269 DATA ACCESS CompuServe: GO DACCESS - Internet (WWW): http://www.daccess.com C O Circle 325 on Inquiry Card. pre-printed forms mips TransForm™ Scanning Station Now, Go From Paper To Electronic Forms Automatically. Introducing TransForm?" As incredible as it sounds, you can now scan your paper forms into fully editable, electronic forms in minutes. Thanks to its artificial intelligence, TransForm senses boxes where data is entered and lets you type into them directly. Each form you create with TransForm can be filled or merged with variable data, E-mailed and faxed. What's more, all your forms can be filled and printed from nearly Call the mips authorized dealer near you. DocuPrint, Sweden: 46-8-283390 any computer platform. ■ Another benefit: with TransForm, you can quickly make changes to forms at any time and print out new forms when you need them. No more throwing away stacks of obsolete forms! ■ And for convenient form storage, our mips FormShuttle™ and SmartSimm™ use flash memory to hold up to 200 forms and insert right into your laser printer. Since forms stay printer-resident they'll print much faster. ■ Find out more today: QAA a QQQ a QCAA mips Technologies GmbH, Germany: 49-6127-3845 DOMINION BLUELINE, Inc. Canada: 1-800-561-1237 Patriot Group, Houston, Dallas PC:\Forms>lnc, Wisconsin: San Antonio, TX 1 -800-753-0781 1 - 800-786-8827 inip!> = Dataline America, Inc. (619)679-4070 • Fax (619) 679-4073 LASER INKJET COMPUTER CHECKS CONTINUOUS FEED CHECKS AND CHECK SAVERS ALSO AVAILABLE AS LOW AS $24.95 CALL: 1-800-239-4087 FAX ORDERS: 1-800-774-1118 Beach, VA) issues loans secured by anticipated tax refunds. This year, the company generated $14 billion worth of refund checks, which generated many calls from banks to verify that it had issued the checks. Most of these calls came during a two-week period. The company created an interac- tive voice-response system using the Provide applications generator from Telephone Response Technologies (Roseville, CA). The programmer, Lee Perkins, learned the package and set up the entire application in less than two weeks. He used the forms-based package rather than the scripting lan- guage, believing that the ease-of-use and support benefits of the forms- based product would outweigh the time needed to learn it. According to Perkins, TRT's documentation made the package easy to learn and use. and capability that are comparable, or su- perior, to systems based on Windows 3.1, Unix, or OS/2, and they're less costly. ■ James Burton is CEO of C-T Link, Inc., a computer telephony consultancy based in Boston, Massachusetts. You can reach him on the Internet atjburton@internetmci.com or on BIX c/o "editors. " 214 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Thousands of successful NRI graduates are proof of die quality and effectiveness oTNRFs *«wv_ computer servicing framing i M ** / . / ■ H: ■ Now you can reap the benefits of hands-on experience Train with NRI and prepare for a high-paying career as a computer service technician, even a computer service business of your own! Regardless of your previous electronics background, you can succeed with NRI, the leader in career-building, at- home electronics training for more than 80 years. You begin with the basics, rapidly building on the fundamentals of electronics to master today's advanced microcomputer concepts. You also learn to diagnose and service virtually any computer problem with the extraordinary R.A.C.E.R. II plug-in diagnostic card and QuickTech-PRO diagnostic software included in your course. No other training program is as complete, practical, and effective! NEW! Train with and keep a 486DX2/66 MHz multimedia computer and Windows 95! NRI's highly acclaimed learn-by- doing approach gives you a complete understanding of the intricate electronics behind the powerful 486DX2/66 MHz computer system included in your course. You perform hands-on electronics experiments with your NRI Discovery Lab and digital multimeter, then test an MPC system with Pentium Overdrive-ready motherboard, 8 meg RAM, 420 meg hard drive, CD-ROM drive with 16- bit sound card, fax/modem, and Windows 95... yours to keep! See other side for more highlights — — i Call 1-800-321 4634 Ext. 1 277 SEND TODAY FOR FREE CATALOG! Schools McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center 4401 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20008 El Check one free catalog only Q MICROCOMPUTER SERVICING Q PC Applications Specialist □ Visual Programming in C++ Q Computer-Aided Drafting □ Desktop Publishing with PageMaker m tin 18 For career courses approved under GI Bill, LJ check here for details. 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And only NRI designs meaningful training around the kind of powerful computer system you'll be called on to service and repair in the real world. As you explore your new 486DX2/66 MHz computer — complete with today's most sought-after features — you'll SEND TODAY FOR FREE CATALOG! BUSINESS REPLY MAIL FIRST CLASS MAIL PERMIT NO. 10008 WASHINGTON, D.C. perform hands-on experiments and demonstrations that bring theory to life, giving you a total mastery of computer operation, troubleshooting, and repair. Master professional-level diagnostic hardware and software troubleshooting techniques todays employers demand The Department of Labor forecasts over 220,000 jobs for computer service technicians by the year 2005 — a 38% increase over today's level! With the right training and skills, you can cash in on this wide- open opportunity and become a high-paid computer service techni- cian. Whether you choose a full- or part-time job — or start a computer service business of your own — you'll be well prepared with the real-world experience you gain through your NRI training. NO POSTAGE NECESSARY IF MAILED IN THE UNITED STATES POSTAGE WILL BE PAID BY ADDRESSEE Schools McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center 4401 Connecticut Avenue, NW Washington, DC 20078-3543 LI. III. nil... I. nil. .Imllnl.ini. .lull. LI. I Send today for your FREE catalog! If the coupon is missing, write to NRI Schools, McGraw-Hill Continuing Education Center, 4401 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20008. Windows 95 is a registered trademark of Microsoft, Inc. R.A.CE.R. II and QuickTech-PRO are registered trademarks of Ultra-X, Inc. CARD 103 STATE OF THE ART Telephony's Killer App It'll take an irresistible new application to make computer-telephony integration happen everywhere. Will one of these apps do it? JOHN P. MELLO JR. We'll never look at telephones the same way again. New and inno- vative systems are tying the easy voice connections of the phone system to the data transfer and manipulation power of computer networks. The combination is extraordinarily seductive. Over the next five years, we'll see our phones and computers transformed from separate boxes into a seamless entity that will integrate data and voice. Before this can happen, users have to want the change. What's likely to sell them on the idea is an application that captures the imagination and provides immediate productivity re- wards — in other words, a killer app. "The killer app revolves around new ways of doing telephony through intelli- gent computing," explains Ron Charnock, vice chairman of the Multimedia Telecom- munications Association (Washington, D.C.). "It's thinking of telephony as a com- puting resource and less of a telecommu- nications resource." A phone call will become a digital entity that can interact with other digital entities on our desktops and networks. It will car- ry contact information about its origina- tor and trigger the assembly of data from computer files. It will become data itself and give our organizations crucial infor- mation about their operations. No More Baffling Buttons Current phone systems are a pain for most users, whose skill with advanced telepho- ny features drops off drastically when they need to use more than the 12 buttons on the standard phone keypad. For those folks, the killer app will turn those incompre- hensible extra phone buttons and multi- key operations into friendly screen icons. § "Businesses are spending anywhere from g $100 to $1000 for these fancy business 1 phone sets, and people don't use them," 2 says David Goodtree, a senior analyst with 8 Forrester Research (Cambridge, MA). continued SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 215 Telephony's Killer App "The killer app will replace those sets with $30 software that people will use." Killer apps will integrate many diverse forms of messaging. Electronic mail will convert to voice mail, and voice mail to text. The system will read received faxes over the phone, and pager messages will become voice mail. "The killer app is any type of application that unifies your current business solutions with the telephony en- vironment," notes Michael Durant, a se- nior product manager with Novell. Does telephony's killer app exist now, or is it waiting to be invented? A number of new, powerful, and intriguing applica- tions are already out there, and it's too ear- ly for the marketplace to render a verdict. Let's look at some of the contenders. Phone, Take Notes The killer network app may very well be PhoneNotes, telephony groupware from Lotus Development that sits on top of Notes. PhoneNotes supports applications that enable users to tap into a Notes data- base through a Touch-Tone phone. One such application, Mobile Mail, lets a user access, create, forward, or edit Notes doc- uments and play documents over the phone through text-to-speech technology. "One of the attractive features of Notes is the increase in productivity it gives you through greater mobility," explains Peter Klante, Lotus's director of marketing for Notes companion products. "This is a log- ical extension to that. It turns the most ubiquitous client in the world — the tele- phone — into a Notes client." Data for Dialing Some observers believe the guts of a killer app lie in the exchange of simple data. Versit, a joint development initiative by Apple, IBM, AT&T, and Siemens to de- velop CTI standards (see "Strategic In- dustry Alliances" on page 203), has laid the groundwork. One of those standards establishes a protocol for the exchange of electronic business cards. "This is really, really important and potentially a killer app," says Jerry Michalski, managing ed- itor for the newsletter Release 1.0. "If every time people touch electronically, they can swap their latest contact infor- mation, they can suddenly communicate much more efficiently." It will also eliminate what Michalski calls mode-switching friction — what you encounter when you try to mix media such as voice mail and E-mail with contacts outside your organization. Once these elec- One Wild and Not-So-Crazy Helper , ne measure of a white- | collar worker's status is often a personal secre- tary or executive assistant. A killer app may replace human helpers with an intelligent agent that would be totally dig- ital. Wildfire Communications has incorporated this idea into a product called Wildfire, a HAL-Iike presence eavesdrop- ping on every call you make. What makes Wildfire such an exciting and powerful ap- plication, however, is that you don't need a computer to use it. You can link up with Wild- fire from any phone, even a cellular or pay phone, or have it call you wherever you are. No matter where you are, you have full access to its capa- bilities. You can tell Wildfire to sort your messages and play them back to you, or you can ask it to play a message from a sender by speaking his or her name. You can respond to a message immediately by sim- ply saying the messenger's name or number. Wildfire will dial it for you, or send a mes- sage to the caller's pager. If you're on one call and receive another, Wildfire "whispers" the caller's name in your ear and lets you decide whether or not to interrupt your current call or relay a specific mes- sage to the new caller. It will schedule and remind you of follow-up calls, and it will for- ward calls to different numbers (cellular, hotel, home, etc.) based on your schedule. And Wildfire will let you prioritize contacts so it can screen your calls during hectic times. During a Wildfire session, you call up the agent by simply saying "Wildfire" and pausing. Suddenly, a female voice an- nounces "Here I am!"— the signal that Wildfire is waiting for your instructions. "It acts like a person you'd want to work with, as opposed to act- ing like a machine," says William J. Warner, CEO and founder of Wildfire Communi- cations. "There are a lot of telephony applications that are Touch-Tone-based that act like machines. That's not what people want. They want to be able to talk to their assistant and get stuff done." The software uses several speech-recognition technolo- gies that add up to a natural, conversational feel for the user. For example, here's a typical Wildfire dialog for set- ting up a contact: User: Wildfire. Wildfire: Here I am. User: Create a contact. Wildfire: What kind? User: Person. Wildfire: What's the name? User: John Mello. Wildfire: Once more. User: John Mello. Wildfire: Which phone number should I add? User: Work. Wildfire: What's the number? User: 555-1212. Wildfire: Got it. Wildfire uses discrete speech recognition to under- stand responses to its ques- tions, such as what kind of contact and which phone num- ber, because these respons- es are single words. When the user gives the new contact's name, however, the system uses trained speech because it needs to learn a new pat- tern. The system uses a speaker-independent continu- ous recognizer for numbers. As impressive as Wildfire is, however, some industry in- siders think it lacks one cru- cial component that a true CTI killer app needs: a seamless connection to what's happen- ing inside the computer on the knowledge-worker's desk. Wild- fire handles phone functions with elegance, but it doesn't connect to the data that's the lifeblood of an organization's operations, or to applications the worker may have running. Wildfire runs on a dedicated server, a 90-MHz Pentium box with 128 MB of memory and 16 digital signal processors from Texas Instruments. Prices start at $50,000. tronic calling cards become widespread, they can be a bridge between the desktop and the handset. When you check your voice mail, the calling card information is sent to your PC, and a screen pop displays the information. To return the call, just click on the phone number. You'd rather send E-mail? Click on the person's E-mail address. Fax? Web home page? Just click away. Mode-switching friction is reduced to zero. "The calling card protocol is so low-end and so simple you can do any- thing with it," Michalski contends. It's Voice— No, It's Data For this electronic calling-card idea to fly, it has to become easier to send data over ordinary phone lines. One promising de- velopment is a modem-based technology called VoiceView from Radish Commu- nications Systems. VoiceView lets a user switch between voice and data transmis- sion on an analog phone line, without los- ing his connection, as long as there's a VoiceView-enabled modem at both ends of the line. Exchanging voice and data on one line isn't a new idea. Two years ago, Multi- Tech (Mounds View, MN) introduced a hardware/software product that allowed users to send voice and data simultane- ously. But the MultiTech product was pricey, and the parallel approach caused some degradation of the voice portion of 216 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 The "(KT I first modems to install M themselves ®i Plug and Play faxmodems for Windows 3.1 and Windows 95 Supra's new Plug and Play modems are so simple to install, they virtually install themselves. Best of all, they bring Plug and Play ease to both Windows 3.1 and Windows 951 So you'll experience quick-and-easy installation in your system today and again when you upgrade to Windows 95! Just plug in your modem, install the accompanying software, and you're ready to go. No more jumper hassles, device conflicts, or time- consuming diagnostics. Configuration is automatic -just Plug and Play! And there's a Supra Plug and Play modem designed especially for you. Choose from either the SupraExpress 144i PnP (14,400 bps) or the SupraFAXModem 288i PnP (28,800 bps). Call 1-800-727-8647 today for the Supra reseller nearestyou. ;f?M Installs in minutes Windows 3.1 DOS 5.0 or higher 1 2 3 "PLUG" in faxmodem Run Supra install program Select available COMport "and PLAY" Windows 95 "PLUG" in faxmodem Start up Windows 95 "And PLAY" Check out Supra's World Wide Website http://www.supra.com Supra Corporation Communications Made Simple" Circle 101 on Inquiry Card. STATE OF THE ART Telephony's Killer App the call, so it didn't win wide acceptance. In contrast, VoiceView is inexpensive, doesn't degrade voice, and is being bun- dled with a number of modems. Companies that have hopped on the Radish vegetable cart include Boca Re- BHHH HHHH Dialing Redirect Answer Codes Dial Main Dial Other Aurora Systems' FastCall endows Windows applications with telephony services. This screen shows a call-center telephony application. The program uses identification of incoming calls to trigger functions, such as popping up a contact record. search (Boca Raton, FL), U.S. Robotics (Skokie, IL), Hayes Microcomputer Prod- ucts (Atlanta, GA), Diamond Technolo- gies (Anaheim, CA), and Zoom Tele- phonics (Boston, MA). In addition, Microsoft includes driver support for VoiceView in Win- dows 95. Considering its support in Win- dows and the number of modem makers adopting Aurora's technology, industry pundits expect Voice- View to make a big splash in the market. Some analysts project that as many as 1 million modems will incorporate Voice- View by 1998. Launch My Apps Another way to en- hance the network pipe is through off-the-shelf middleware, such as FastCall from Aurora Systems. FastCall, which works with TAPI (telephony API) and TSAPI (telephony services API), en- dows almost any Windows application with telephony services, such as identifi- cation of incoming calls, creation of "screen pops" from customer records, and simulation of a phone's button functions on a computer display. FastCall uses the identification of in- coming calls to trigger functions selec- tively within Windows applications. For example, a call from a certain contact can be linked to a record in Lotus Organizer so when that contact calls, FastCall launches Organizer and pops the contact's record on the screen. Or the program can be trained to bring up a spreadsheet program or a personal finance manager when a bill collector calls. Or you can set it up to launch Tetris whenever a certain long- winded acquaintance calls. FastCall has killer app potential because it works across a broad array of switching equipment, APIs, and applications, and it's transparent to the user. According to Paul GaspaiTO, CEO and cofounder of Au- PC DIAGNOSTICS THAT The Troubleshooter™ is the most advanced PC diagnostic software available that really finds the bugs. The Trouble- shooter bypasses DOS & tests all major hardware components I directly for true accuracy. Works with Windows, Windows NT, Windows 95, Novell, MS DOS, 0S2, etc. — fully 0/S independent. Loaded with all the tests you'll need to accurately isolate the source of PC failures. Priced far below all competitors. Call now for full list of latest features! New upgraded Version! ^s&^pr #1 WINDOWS fc fJl!JIJ!J!SjJ!J!/lJjJtff!J!JW Skylight™ is the #1 rated Win- dows diagnostic (PC Magazine) that tunes optimizes & trouble- shoots Windows for maximum speed and performance. Edits all .IN I files safely. 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Allows the use of IDE drives with MFM/RLL or ESDI drives in the same system. Retrieves the manufacturers' recommended specs from the drive itself, plus much more! Call now for full list of features! RESOLVE ANY IRQ OR The Discovery Card™ is the first tool to accurately resolve any IRQ or DMA conflict. 18 LE.D. lights (11 for all interrupts and 7 for all DMA) immediately report actual usage thus saving time when configuring, upgrading or debugging PC's. Software alone cannot detect DMA usage and is often wrong when reporting IRQ conflicts! Call now, save time and end the frustration! Winner 1995 Top Diagnostic Tool- Windows M3g3?ine f BBS Wl N IOC Free Technical Support Next Day Shipping Performance Guaranteed (800) 053-4033 © 218 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 International: (813) 539-7283 • Fax: (813) 531-0200 BBS#: 813-535-9042 • Internet: ALLMICRO@IX.METCOM.COM AIIMicroJnc. 18820 U.S. Hwy 19 N, #215, Clearwater, FL34624 © 1995 AIIMicroJnc. FixAny PC Fast, Rescue Data Recoveiy Software, The Discovery Card, and The Troubleshooter are trademarks of AIIMicroJnc. All Rights Reserved. Other names are trademarks of their associated owners. Specifications subject to change without notice. Circle 102 on Inquiry Card. Imagine roaring through the devel- opment process in a fraction of the time it takes with Microsoft Visual C++ or Borland C++. All you need is new Symantec C++ 7.0 with full support for Windows 95 Preview Program, Windows NT 3.5, Windows 3.1 and DOS. The First Truly Object- Oriented C^ environment. Symantec C++ 7.0 is the only C++ that lets you architect and navigate your application with a dynamic Class Editor and graphical Hierarchy Editor. This Average of 3 builds done on Pentium Processor using the debug version of MFC 3.0 with VC+ + 2.0 makefiles. Borland excluded due to lack of support for MFC. 6.0 - the world's fastest linker. For building great Windows and Debugging Environment (IDDE) provides the most powerful debugging Architect. Navigate. Build. Debug. New Symantec C++ 7.0 Is The Fastest Way To Do It All. great new system incrementally parses your C and C++ code and displays an up-to-date structural model of your pro- gram without compiling. But that's only the beginning. It also lets you modify any class's inheritance graphical- ly. Plus it automatically locates any class implementation, and much more! The NetBuild Revolution. Now you can build applications faster than you've ever imagined. With the new NetBuild r , M you can automati- cally distribute the build process over multiple computers on your LAN, dra- matically reducing build times. In addition, AppExpressT Class- Express™ and ProjectExpress,™ give you Wizard-like functionality to boost your productivity. And to make your link-cycle light- ning-fast, there's new 32-bit OPTLINK® resources easily, we've added ResourceStudio - the new OLE 2.0- based resource editor that supports the widest range of Windows resources including Windows 95. POWER DEBUGGING FOR WINDOWS 3.1 AND NT. Symantec's Integrated Development Class Editor And Hierarchy Editor dramatically increase your p roductivity. NetBuild distributes the build process across net- worked resources for the fastest build times. Support For Windows 95 Preview as well as Windows NT 3.5, Windows 3.1 and DOS. AppExpress, ClassExpress And ProjectExpress automate time-consuming tasks. Optlink®6.0 is the fastest linker in the world. IDDEWith16And 32-Bit Debugging forWtndnws95benNT3.5&Wmdows31 SYMANTEC Offer valid in U.S.A. only. For more information in Canada, call 1-800-667-8661, cxt. 5513. In Australia, call 2-879-6577- In Europe, call 31-71-35311 1. Symantec, NetBuild and OPTLINK aje tiademaiks and registered trademarks of Symancec Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective holders. All rights reserved. Developers wishing to use Windows 95 Preview Program files must sign a beta agreement with restrictions for the use of those files. © 1995 Symantec Corporation. features including Thread View, Inspector View, hardware watchpoints and low-level debugging. Of course, all of these productiv- ity-boosting tools are integrated with a language that supports key standards like ANSI C + + (excep- tion handling, templates and RTTI) and NT structured excep- tion handling. And unlike Borland, Symantec supports MFC and includes it free. In short, no other C++ lets you do it all this fast. Call the toll-free number below and see for yourself. I F R E E DEMO CD* I See how Symantec C++ 70 architects, navigates, I builds and debugs faster than sc 1 any other C++. ± geaga^ „«. Call 1-800-628-4777 and ask fir Extension 9AP3 now fir your | free demo CD and the name of the \ (C>f ll t > ■ Symantec dealer nearest you. I„^!^^-- *\ I Circle 94 on Inquiry Card. STATE OF THE ART rora, FastCall is becoming the standard for CTI middleware. "If you go to a major switch company, they'll supply you with TAPI or TSAPI and FastCall," Gasparro says. "The reason it's being adopted as a standard is because it takes all the pain out of computer telephony integration. Before FastCall, it would normally take six months to get CTI working. With Fast- Call, it takes less than four hours." And the Winner Is ... Any of these apps might turn out to be the one that makes the difference. Wildfire is certainly the most glamorous, but its fu- ture isn't guaranteed (see the text box "Wildfire: One Wild and Not-So-Crazy Helper" on page 216). PhoneNotes has a lot going for it, including widespread cor- porate acceptance of its parent product, Notes, and the marketing impetus likely XRT Widgets With XRT Widgets you will build better Motif applications faster, easier, and more cost-effectively than ever before. Today over 20,000 developers worldwide use these award- winning components to build interactive charts, graphs, tables and data-entry forms into their Motif applications. You can program XRT Widgets using resource files and the standard Xt/Motif API, or integrate them with any popular GUI-builder tool or C++ environment. XRT Widgets are available today on over 15 UNIX/VMS architectures and more XRT Widgets are being released all the time, including versions for Windows, NT, Galaxy and Japanese UNIX. Call KL Group or your local reseller today to start your free 30- day evaluation. FREE 30-DAY EVALUATION (800) 663-4723 XRT/granh k: h_ group (416)594-1026 Fox (416) 594-1919 info@klg.com http://www.klg.com/ XRT/ is a registered trademark and XRT/3d, XRT/field, XRT/graph, and XRT/table ore trademarks of KL Group Inc. to result from IBM's takeover of Lotus. Either one could dramatically change our daily work habits. VoiceView is a less drastic step that is likely to open new doors for integrating data into our phone habits. Or maybe the killer app will come from somewhere else. Novell's NetWare Tele- phony Services offers an attractive model for unified messaging, but its $ 15,000 price could keep it out of many organizations. Whenever the killer telephony app ar- rives, however, one thing is certain: It will pay close attention to the human side of the technology equation. "This is about social change, not just technology change," observes Michalski of Release 1.0. "CTI isn't about plugging a computer into a telephone. CTI is about making life easier for people who want to communicate." ■ John P. Mello Jr. is a freelance writer living in Woonsocket, Rhode Island. You can reach him on the Internet as JPMjr61750@aol.com or on BIX c/o "editors. " FastCall $200-$600 Aurora Systems Acton, MA (508) 263-4141 fax: (508) 635-9756 Circle 1145 on Inquiry Card. NetWare Telephony Services $15,000 Novell Provo, UT (800) 638-9273 (801) 429-7000 fax: (801) 429-5155 http://www.novell.com Circle 1146 on Inquiry Card. PhoneNotes Application Kit $695 Lotus Development Corp. Cambridge, MA (800) 343-5414 (617) 577-8500 fax: (617) 693-3512 http://www.lotus.com Circle 1147 on Inquiry Card. VoiceView (bundled with compatible modems) Radish Communication Systems Boulder, CO (800) RADISH8 (303) 443-5789 fax: (303) 443-1659 Circle 1148 on Inquiry Card. Wildfire $50,000/24 users; $100,000/50 users Wildfire Communications Lexington, MA (800) WILDFIRE (617) 674-1500 fax: (617) 674-1501 Circle 1149 on Inquiry Card. H ti 220 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 103 on Inquiry Card. Operating instructions, as designed by network professionals. *4 . . f •'• «5B PC-TO-UNIX CONNECTIVITY, AS DESIGNED BY NETWORK PROFESSIONALS. If it were up to you, even the most complicated things would be simplified: tricycle assembly, VCR programming, maybe even your UNIX network. Not that you'd want to manage it with one button. But with Reflection X from WRQ, it's almost that easy. Reflection provides a powerful X11R6 PC X-server and complete PC-to-UNIX connectivity that lets end-users handily access mission-critical applications right from the Windows desktop. REFLECTION* X/REFLECTION SUITE FOR X ▲ ARCHITECTURE: 32-BITWITH WINDOWS ACCELERATED VIDEO ENHANCEMENTS (W A VE);X1 1R6 COMPLIANCE {XTEST AND MULTI BUFFERING EXTENSION [MBX]), OPTIMIZED FOR WINDOWS 95 ▲ INTEGRATION TOOLS: DIAL-UP X, CONFIGURABLE PANNING, VIRTUAL SCREEN, BACKING STORE AND SAVE UNDERS, 24-BIT COLOR SUPPORT, REMOTE AND LOCAL WINDOW MANAGEMENT, GUI KEYBOARD MAPPING, AND ENHANCED LOCAL PRINTING ▲ TCP/IP AND APPLICATIONS: VF420, VT320, SCO ANSI, BBS ANSI, LPR/LPD, NFS, FTP CLIENT/SERVER, SNMP MIB II, DHCP, FINGER, PING, NETWORK MANAGEMENT, INTERNET ▲ MANAGEMENT TOOLS: X TRACE UTILITY WITH CUSTOMIZED FILTERS.QUICK-START CONNECTION TEMPLATES, HOST RESPONSE WINDOW, AUTO-FONT SUBSTITUTION, AND CENTRALIZED SITE ADMINISTRATION ▲ TECHNICAL SUPPORT: FREE PHONE SUPPORT, BBS,TECH NOTES BY FAX AND WORLD WIDE WEB WRQ REFLECTION OFFERS COMPLETE SOLUTIONS FOR UNIX, X, HP, DIGITAL, AS/400, 3270, AND TCP/IP CONNECTIVITY. JCME CALL 800.926.3896 IN EUROPE, CALL +31.70.375.11.00 OUTSIDE EUROPE, CALL 206.217.7100 INTERNET: sales@wrq.com WEB: http://www.wrq.com It has the highest level of application reliability, an award-winning TCP/IP stack, plus 32-bit architecture for faster performance. And best of all, it's everything you need — PC X server, transport, TCP applications, emulation, even an NFS client and Internet access tools — all from one vendor. To try PC-to-UNIX connectivity designed from your point of view, get yourself in gear and call for a free evaluation copy. Then sit back and watch everything go like clockwork. For a FREE evaluation copy, call 800.926.3896 Circle 91 on Inquiry Card. ^Reflection FORACH/ WRQ. CONNECTIVITY FOR A CHANGING WORLD §oSfE «§+« 8«*s8 is- 1 *-'!* P 55gg ma SifS Bil Hiss sl£2s -E- S5 field of every arti- cle's HTML header, adding -T html was the quick fix. However, it prompted me to reconsider my sequentially generated URLs (see the text box "8.3 Brain Dam- age" above). Once you've got the index built, it's a snap to connect Web clients to it. If you f you're generating HTML mechanically, . why not simply create long filenames, so that URLs themselves carry the information stashed in the HTML header (e.g., "JanuaryjL994/ Reviews/Low-Cosf. Laser_Printers. htm! " )? That I didn't think of this at first shows the brain damage caused by years in the mental prison of the DOS 8.3 filename. It's nice for URLs to be descriptive, but it's not necessary. What is TOOLWATCH essential is that they're unique and immutable. My scheme, %hich just enumerates sections and articles, guarantees uniqueness-^there will be only one art\9401\ sec9\art7.htm in the collection. But will that URL immutably refer to the January:'94 review of laser printers? Not if we find that we've forgotten to include another Janu- ary '94 article and then decide to regenerate the collection. Uh oh. Every- thing gets renumbered. This isn't a problem for Web site users because the navigation and search functions adjust to the new structure. But if you've saved a book- mark to art\9401\ sec9\art7.htm, you'd be upset If 1 renumber tl collection. I'm. not aware of g; in the 1994 collection that's on the Web now, and I don't expect we'll need to renumber it. But I do want to try using de- scriptive URLs for 1995 and future content. ;aps > Diskeeperfor ■- Windows NT, h Workstation, $199 Executive Software J (818) 547-5407 You can't shut down a busy Web server to defragment its disk. Here's the an- swer: an elegant defragging tool that runs on a background thread and can even schedule itself for periodic execution. BOOKNOTE Internetworking with TCP/IP, 3rd edition, $52 by Douglas Comer Prentice-Hall, 1995 ISBN 0-13-216987-8 w material on security, IPng, and ATM, Comer's lucid tutorial on Internet plumbing continues to top the charts. created an index named "index," you can create a form enabling users to search it by simply writing the keyword in an HTML document called INDEX.HTM. When viewed in a browser, this document displays the familiar search form "This is a searchable index. Enter search key- words." When the user enters a search term, the Web server passes it to wais- look, a program that searches the index and returns HTML-formatted results. On a pair of NT boxes running EMWAC-derived Web servers — a 486 with Folio's Infobase Web Server, and an Alpha with Process Software's Purvey- or — these procedures yielded the search- able archive that I'm currently testing. It works, but since multiple search terms combine with OR rather than AND, and there's no phrase search ("SQL catalog") or proximity search ("SQL within/5 cata- log"), you depend on the selective power of a single term. An unusual one, like "PnP" or "Z39.50," will often net just the right bunch of articles; that's what makes even this bare-bones indexing system in- credibly useful. But it's really just a min- imal solution. WebSite and SWISH To improve matters on the 486 server, I turned to Weblndex, the tool that comes with O'Reilly & Associates' WebSite server for NT and Win 95. You launch Weblndex from WebSite 's GUI admin- istration tool, and it prompts you graphi- cally for URLs to include in the index and begins indexing with a mouse click. Un- like waislook, WebSite' s WebFind can at least join terms together with AND so that when you use multiple terms, the result set will shrink rather than grow. For small collections, it's just what it claims to be: a one-button indexer for non-nerds. But when I fed it several thousand documents, hours of disk thrashing ensued until I killed it. What remained, from a previous run on fewer documents, was a file called in- dex.swish. Swish? That's just the sort of oddball search term that gets great results on the Internet. A WebCrawler search led me to Enterprise Integration Technolo- gies and the Simple Web Indexing 224 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 YOU CAN USE A SPREADSHEET TO ANALYZE DATA. OR YOU CAN USE CORNERSTONE. Introducing Cornerstone for Windows. The fastest path to the answers you need. A spreadsheet wasn't designed for exploratory data analysis. So it's not the quickest and easiest way to turn data into information. Cornerstone for Windows, however, gives you the power to swt/tly access, analyze, visualize and present data. All in an inte- . i grated environment that delivers the answers you need - faster and easier than any spreadsheet can. To get things moving, send for your free Data Kit. It's got details on Cornerstone, user application stories and Data Analysis: New Tools jor Expanding Needs, a special report from the Seybold Group. For your Kit, call 1-800-331-2266 or fax the coupon today. And ^^m pick up the ^^^ pace of your data analysis. Access, analyze, visualize and present — all in Cornerstone's integrated environment. e- BBN/Cornerstone™ V K: GET MOVING! Rush me my free Data Kit! Fax this completed coupon to 1-508-429-8395. Email: Cornerstone@bbn.com. i 1995, BBN/Cornerstone Software Products Corporation. Cornerstone is Circle 111 on I I I I Luali BBN bortware Products _ 800 331 2266 ext. 130 | a trademark of Bolt Beranek and Newman Inc. Windows is a trademark of Microsoft Corporation. Inquiry Card. ; NAME TITLE COMPANY ADDRESS CITY STATE ZIP PHONE THE BYTE NE1W0RK PROJECT The Road Traveled j|y r s column we in- troduced a Web server on a dial-up PPP link, while awaiting installation of a 56-Kbps leased line, in August, we went iive on the leased line, but the names www.byte.com and ftp.byte. com weren't hooked up yet. You could get to the server only if you knew its IP address. Now the names map to IP address- es, and we're officially open for business. How did we register our name? We registered byte.com with the Inter- NIC (Internet Network In- ; : formation Center) years ago and used it for UUCP (dial-up) mail routing. Once we got a real !P link to the Internet, there were three ways:to create ; the names www.byte.com and ftp.byte.com and de- fine their IP mappings: o n.„ Leave naming au- thority for byte.com in the hands of InterNIC and ask InterNIC to acid our ; names to its database. (You do this by mailing a form to hostmaster@ih- ternic.net; the forms are available at ftp://rs.inter- nic.net/templates.) 2. Delegate naming authority to our service provider MV Communica- tions (again by mailing a form to hostmaster@in- ternic.net) and ask MVto add the names to its database. 3. Take over naming authority ourselves. The problem with 1 is that there's a big admin- istrative backlog at Inter- NIC, so we opted for 2. We'll likely want addition- al names, and we won't want to wait two weeks for InterNIC to handle each request— MV's far more accessible to us. Why not 3? In that case, we'd have to run our own name server. We aren't the mass market '"The optical industry in the past, except ability to shoot itself in the foot. [PD] may be the way to bictML < The PD laser mechanism image (15 Kbytes) Ths PD ktser mechanism is similar to that of a standard CL m whi The PD laser mechanism Micro Optical Head r- Photo ctetector The PD laser mechanism is similar to that of a standard C&ROMdm ■r.,v .,*?,, .,-, .j- ., ,. ■>■■,■■■-, ,? ;■■;.. ■„;■..,'■■ ..,,,■ «?.. ■ In the BYTE collection, a link to an illustration reports the size of the image (aL but to a copydght notice around the image (b). ready to do that yet "The wait is about a week for change re- quests," said MV's Mark Mallet, "and two weeks for new records." He re- quested the transfer of byte.com's name service from InterNIC to MV. A week later it was done. The command whois byte.com listed MV's name servers, ping www.byte.com worked, and www.byte.com was open for business. Magic Hot Links When Netscape's news reader finds a string like http://www.somewhere .com in the text of a post- ing, it automatically con- verts that string into an active hypertext link. I've added this to BYTE's Web site with my Epsilon \ Extension Language translator/It's one regu- lar-expression search- and-replace statement: string_replace( "((httplftplgopher):/, < A tab>\ ..more non-URL chars.. "#0«.• „ j j i-i Email info@objectsinc.com and applications written on any or these doesn t just spit out pre-canned code like ~ J VY J ii j l- li i i a Australia 07-855-2333 FAX 07-855-2364 platforms are automatically portable to other so-called high-level tools. And now, New Zealand 64-3-442-7754 FAX 64-3-442-7822 p ■ ■ hp hv m v n , h N bainf aakad to viait their virtual hoasa. Dig the photos, and so auch ■Orel (Haavr araphiea) Racklrcpoln - A sjrephical booan _?nmm imp vht tama qt Prodigy's Welcome screen is the first thing you see when you jump to the World Wide Web. deals floating around that this initial ex- pense will be nil, or close to it. Once you're logged on to CompuServe, you use the command go ppp to get to the browser-downloading area. Then you ei- ther walk through menus to download the Windows version of the software or read instructions on how to connect via third- party Macintosh and OS/2 software. If you are using CompuServe's WinCim or Convenience, but at What Price? Using the Big Three commercial information providers can be expensive. Here's what it would cost to surf the Internet for 30 hours per month with each of them. AOL (America Online). The first 5 hours are included in the $9.95 monthly fee. You're then charged $2.95 for each of the remain- ing 25 hours. Total: $83.70. CompuServe,. An initial change of $9.95 in- cludes unlimited use ©f basic services and 3 hours of Internet services (i.e., World Wide Web, FTP, telnet, and the Usenet- news reader). An additional charge of $15 gets you an Internet Club membership with 17 more hours of connect time; each of the remaining 10 hours costs $1.95. Total: $44.90. Prodigy. Youget 30 hours of connect time under the 30/30 Plan. Total: $29.95. To be fair, these comparisons aren't strictly parallel; CompuServe also has a mail surcharge (10 cents for the first 7500 words and 2 cents for each addi- tional 7500 words per message) if you exceed approximately 90 three-page, full- text messages a month. But time spent in mail is not counted toward connect charges. The oth- er services don't have a mail sur- charge; they ac- count for mail in their regular con- nect-time charges. By comparison, ISPs (In- ternet service providers), companies that offer gateways to the Internet but rarely any local databases, have charges rang- ing from about $20 to $30 for 20 to 40 hours of access via 28.8-Kbps or slower modems, plus a dollar or two per hour for additional time. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 229 Turning an Ugly Duckling into a Hollywood Swan To seamlessly integrate the World Wide Web into its existing service, CompuServe faced two technical challenges: supporting the Internet protocols and getting the software front ends (i.e., the CompuServe access software and the Web browser] to talk to each other. Last spring, CompuServe delivered a downloadable Web browser, called NetLauncher, that could work from within a PPP (i.e., standard Internet) session established by the dialer built into the WinCim 1.4 interface. But if you'd already used WinCim to dial into CompuServe, you had to disconnect before dialing the PPP session. The latest upgrade to CompuServe's Windows shell, WinCim 2.0, lets you dial a single phone number and toggle between any Web browser and the CompuServe interface in the same session. The improved integration is principally due to the Windows Sockets, or Winsock, DLL. Winsock presents a network-independent interface between Winsock-com- pliant applications. This interface sits on top of a network-dependent component that supports the specific networking protocol stack (usually, TCP/IP). For the new version of WinCim, CompuServe programmers wrote a Winsock networking layer for both NetLauncher and access is its lack of integration. To browse the Web, you must call a specific phone number and use the Spry software. To peruse news groups, or to use FTP to down- load a file or use telnet (a remote terminal program), you must re- sort to a terminal emulator or one of CompuServe's custom soft- ware packages. CompuServe is working to address these issues; see the Technology Focus box at left. WinCim. Both the Web browser and the CompuServe front end now hook into the Winsock API. This result is point-and-click access to both Net- Launcher (or any other Winsock- compliant Web browser) and Com- puServe. CompuServe has also met the chal- lenge of different software com- mands by adding translation algo- rithms to the mix. NetLauncher and WinCim can now talk each other's lingo. For instance, when a user types gopoliticsin NetLaunch- er, it recognizes the command as being intended for a CompuServe Go page and passes the command in a message to WinCim. Navigator software, you simply point and click to download the browser. You run a single executable to install the software. If you already have a TCP/IP stack installed, CompuServe's stack will rename your stack and install its own. Your existing Internet client software probably will work with the new stack. If you've seen Spry's Mosaic browser elsewhere (in the Internet-in-a-Box pack- age, for example), you'll immediately rec- ognize CompuServe's: It has the familiar menu bar and line-of -control buttons along the top of the screen, two long boxes in which you enter URLs (uniform resource locators, which are simply Internet ad- dresses), and the familiar Spry globe for in- dicating when data is being transferred. The browser defaults to the CompuServe home page on connection. You have three choices for navigating the Web: Clicking Where Winsock Fits In Any Winsock -compliant application Protocol stack (independent layer) - -WiRdews-Soekete -DLLr - Protocol stack (dependent layer) Protocol stack TCP/IP dialer Hardware drivers Hardware serial port and modem, etc.) Due out this month, WinCim 2.0 integrates formerly separate interfaces for accessing CompuServe and World Wide Web services using WinCim and NetLauncher, respectively. Both will also now be able to access the same live PPP connection established by CompuServe's dialing software and exchange commands intended for each other's domains. on one of the hot links on the screen, se- lecting a location from a hot list that you create, or typing in the URL of the site that you want to visit aftery ou use the open URL command (by typing Ctrl-0 or selecting Open URL... from the File menu). The Spry stack and dialer are among the more robust that we've used, and Com- puServe's version performed without a problem. During several weeks of use, our CompuServe setup behaved reliably on a Gateway P5-60 and an IBM ThinkPad 360C. The Spry browser also performed well, including properly handling home pages built with the Netscape extensions. Because these extensions aren't part of the current HTML (Hypertext Markup Lan- guage) standard, they can cause problems with the way in which some browsers dis- play images. The downside of CompuServe's Internet On Target with AOL Like CompuServe, AOL was still beta-testing its Web software dur- ing our review period. However, unlike Compu- Serve' s software, AOL's is nicely integrated into the regular AOL pack- age, as are the clients for FTP, news groups, and gopher (a database search engine). You will need special software to browse the Web from AOL. The cur- rent distribution disk is version 2.0. You must load this version of the software to get AOL in the first place. To use the Web browser, you need the version 2.5 preview edition, available for downloading from AOL. If you're working from a LAN that is linked to a T 1 connection to the Internet, you'll find a pleasant surprise: One of the setup items in the network-selection pull- down menu is TCP/IP. It worked for us with no fuss on NetWare networks. We were able to connect virtually instantly and run AOL at T 1 speeds. AOL is rapid- ly adding 28.8-Kbps connections for high- speed modem access, but so far they are concentrated in major metropolitan areas. The browser itself looks a bit different from most of its competitors; it's much more boxy and industrial looking. The usual menu bar and collection of buttons span the top of the screen, but the buttons are long, horizontal rectangles instead of the more common squarish ones (see the screen on page 229). Walking the Web with AOL is a breeze. You simply click on hot-linked icons or text links to jump to another page, or you type in a URL just as you would with any 230 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Gateways to the Internet REVIEWS MSN: Desktop Internet With a vision of extending the Windows 95 desktop out to the world, Microsoft is busy building seamless World Wide Web access for the Mi- crosoft Network, or MSN. Microsoft licensed the NCSA (National Center for Super- computing Applications) Mosaic Web Browser from Spry International and, more significant, bought minority interest in UUNet, the world's largest ISP (Internet service provider). Microsoft is now extend- ing both, enhancing Mosaic to support the Windows desktop (e.g., drag and drop, right mouse-clicks, and so on) and branching UUNet into more sites worldwide. Currently, the Internet access points are lim- ited — we had to call in to New York from New Hampshire — but Microsoft intends to open many additional lines shortly. The enhanced browser, a component of the Microsoft Plus Windows 95 Companion Pack, accesses the Web through your own service provider, across the LAN (if you have a LAN-based connection), or via MSN. The Plus Pack sticks an Internet icon on the Win- dows 95 desktop. You click on this icon to launch the browser, starting off in a Microsoft Web page that serves as an opening menu. From there, you can take a tu- torial, go surfing on your own, or search for specific subjects using the Lycos Internet cata- log. Once you're out of Micro- soft's page, you're navigating the Web just as you would ex- pect, jumping across various sites by clicking on hyperlinks or hopping directly to specific addresses. From the menu bar, you can create a desktop shortcut to any site, build a list of favorite sites, or pull up a history window of recently accessed pages. You can drag and ^^m droptextorimagestothedesktoportoother I Microsoft Corp. ,. _ c t .. . W^S Redmond, WA applications. To capture an image to disk, K lhJ (2 06) 882-8080 you simply point at the image, click the right HJ fax: (206) 936-7329 mouse button, and select Save As. ^M www.microsoft.com browser on a standard ISP. Using other Internet clients is just as easy. They are well integrated, also appearing as launch- able icons. A news-group reader, a gopher/ WAIS (Wide Area Information Service) client, and an FTP client are available. Prodigy Plovys Ahead Prodigy, after a long, uphill battle against skepticism, has gained an edge on its com- petition. Its Internet access is easily the best integrated of the three services. To be sure, most of Prodigy still looks like — well, Prodigy. Its screens have a de- cided look of NAPLPS (North American Presentation-Level Protocol Syntax), an older standard that features big characters, America Online . . . $9.95 (614) 529-1349 (monthly fees, excluding fax: (614) 529-1610 ^■_ hourly charges) sales@cis.compuserve.com ft American Online, Inc. Vienna, VA Circle 1034 on Inquiry Card. (800) 827-6364 Prodigy $9.95 1HT (703) 448-8700 (monthly fees, excluding ■I* Circle 1033 on Inquiry Card. hourly charges) 'Bi Prodigy Services Co. W- CompuServe $9.95 White Plains, NY »»- (monthly fees, excluding (800) 776-3449 ■- hourly charges) (914) 448-8000 CompuServe, Inc. into99a@prodigy.com Columbus, OH Circle 1035 on Inquiry Card. (800) 848-8199 crude graphics, and generally an old-days- in-cyberspace appearance. However, its Web browser propels Prodigy into the mid-1990s. With its high-resolution dis- play of non-Prodigy pages, it provides a sharp contrast to the rest of Prodigy. The browser itself is efficiently laid out: It has the usual menu bar at the very top, and buttons and URL boxes under the bar, with an activity indicator next to them. There's no special installation needed for the browser because it's part of the nor- mal Prodigy installation. Prodigy's browser is easy and intuitive to use. Just click on what you want, and you're there. How fast you get there is lim- ited by the connection speed of your mo- dem — in Prodigy's case, it's 14.4 Kbps, although 10 ma- jor cities were expected to get 22.8 Kbps by late July. That's better than 9600 bps, but it can lead to slow trans- fer times when you're deal- ing with graphics-intensive home pages. The Prodigy home page itself is skillfully designed to load fast: It has a modest-size graphic at the top and then, like the Com- puServe home page, drops into a heavily text-oriented page. Do We Have a Winner? For general prowling around the Internet, we'd select AOL because of its good in- tegration and high-speed modem (and Tl) connections. Prodigy would run a close second, falling somewhat short because of its slower modem links and lack of a Tl connection. CompuServe brings up the rear. Without the upcoming improvements in WinCim, it's simply too much work having to switch back and forth from the main system to the Web browser. The wild card is Microsoft Network, or MSN, Microsoft's fledgling network (see the text box "MSN: Desktop Internet" above). Built with Internet integration in mind, it should compete as an Internet gateway right out of the starting block. ■ George Bond is publisher of Sams.net, the Internet imprint of Macmillan Computer Publishing USA, and publisher of such titles as Teach Yourself Web Publishing with HTML in a Week and Internet Unleashed. In an earlier life, he cofounded BIX. You can contact him on the Internet at gbond@sams .mcp.com or on BIX as "gbond. " SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 231 From the Editors of BYTE Magazine . Available NOW! on CD-ROM FIVE YEARS OF BYTE AT YOUR FINGERTIPS! SEARCH for product, technology, company, author ^**r fl Cover Stories • Product Reviews • BYTE Lab/NSTL Reports • Benchmarks • Features • Core Technologies Columns • Product and Technology News • And Much More! Introductory Offer: Place Your Order Today! Call 1-800-924-6621 or FAX your order 609-426-5592 SELECT copy and print what you need! LOCATE the information you need quickly and easily from your BYTE issues library EXPORT selected articles to your word processor FIND search results in context, by issue, or by article title SCAN the comprehensive index in as much detail as you need Order Now & Save! Order BYTE on CD-ROM today for only $54.95 and receive the full text of BYTE from 1990-1994 PLUS quarterly updates on CD-ROM that include full text and graphics from every issue in 1995! Or order the □ Send me BYTE on CD-ROM PLUS 1995 quarterly updates with full text and graphics for just $54.95. □ Send me BYTE on CD-ROM with the full text of BYTE from 1990-1994 for just $39.95. Charge my: □ MasterCard QVisa □ Amex □ Check enclosed (make checks payable to byte Magazine, us Funds om y ) Card # _ Name Exp. Date _ Signature Address State Zip. CD-ROM (text only) from 1990-1994 for only $39.95. City . Man to BYTE on CD-ROM PO Box 526, Hightstown, NJ 08520 Canadian and US orders, please add $2.95 for shipping and handling, and state sales tax where applicable (Canadian orders add appropriate GST.). Outside North America, add $5.00 for air mail delivery. Allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. Circle 63 on Inquiry Card. CDBY653 1-800-924-6621 Credit card orders only Because the Expert ^ decide. Hardware REVIEWS Presentation Quality Snap-on, snap-off: IBM's slick new screen technology turns the ThinkPad 755CV into a remote -control color presentation pan* EDMUND X. DEJESUS You've never seen anything like IBM's ThinkPad 755CV note- book computer — guaranteed. A superb blend of at least three interesting technologies, the base machine includes a 100-MHz 486DX4 processor (upgrad- able to a Pentium); a 10.4-inch, 65,536- color active-matrix display; a TrackPoint III pointer; and PC Card, or PCMCIA, slots for one Type III or two Type I or II cards. The ThinkPad 755CDV, a 755CV with an integrated CD-ROM drive, was released in June. Double Your Pleasure Ted Selker got tired of hearing people say W that it couldn't be done. So, to prove a point, the IBM research scientist performed surgery on the back of a ThinkPad that he bought at retail. That was the prototype of the 755C V's presentation panel. Color active-matrix TFT (thin-film transis- tor) LCD screens are difficult enough. Be- tween the protective surfaces are polarizing filters and one plane of liquid-crystal gel for each of three colors (red, green, and blue); each plane is coated with transistors that control each pixel. When a tiny transistor is turned on, the liquid crystal at that point twists, losing transparency. In the 755CV's design, the LCD display is held in a rigid die-cast aluminum frame whose top holds a CCFT (cold cathode fluo- rescent tube) light source, a backing reflec- tive Mylar foil, and the power supply for the light. When the back casing is in place, a switch in the display base activates the light source. This interlock prevents safety risks while the back is off. The 755CV's screen opens flat (see the in- set above). Special straps attached to the notebook fasten the entire machine onto an overhead projector, with the screen suspend- ed about 2 inches above the projector's sur- face. This space dissipates the heat from the projector. The final result is a marvel of engi- neering — and a practical product to boot. That's pretty good for starters. But in addition to all that, when you undo a latch on either side of the screen, the reinforced casing lifts off the back of the screen, transforming the now-transparent screen into a presentation panel that opens flat for simple at- tachment onto any standard overhead projector. Thus, your presentation can be show-fl/?d-tell, with the integrated Mwave DSP (digital signal proces- sor) chip delivering audio narration, mu- sic clips, and sound effects. This DSP chip also supports recording and play- back, MIDI and Sound Blaster sup- port, and a full-duplex speakeiphone in conjunction with the internal 14.4- Kbps fax modem. And, to enable you to magically control your presentation from across the room, front and rear infrared ports accept commands from the wireless MindPath Technologies infrared re- mote control. MindPath's Presenta- tion F/X software lets you control mouse-cursormovements, click and double-click, and invoke any of over 20 special effects. The infrared ports also allow the exchange of data with IRDA-standard ( Infrared Device As- sociation) printers and other com- puters at rates as high as 1 15.2 Kbps. The Competition There are other presentation panels that offer remote control; there are even other notebooks that can turn into presentation panels, including Aquiline's Cruiser, Boxlight's Multi- book, IntelliView'sDPS-1 andDPS- 3, and Revered Technology's Pow- er Cruiser. But there's nothing else that offers the flexibility and gee- whiz appeal of the 755CV. And, for approximately the same price that you would pay for the LCD color active-matrix projection panels that are currently on the market ($4000 to $12,000), you can purchase a projection panel and a full-featured Think- Pad in one box. The Class B 755C V weighs 6.6 pounds with battery pack, and you can swap out the front-mounted 3/4-inch floppy drive for another PC Card slot or a wireless mo- dem. On BYTE's Thumper 2 battery-life test, the Energy Star-approved 755CV scored 3 hours, 38 minutes, which is in line with the claimed 3.3 to 10 hours (4.1 to 12 hours with the optional lithium-ion battery). Two minor complaints are that the sys- tem has no handle, and setup for the in- frared remote control is not intuitive. But if you're weary of making and carrying overhead foils — or if you just want to im- press other technophiles — you'll find your machine in the 755CV. ■ Edmund X. DeJesus is a BYTE senior edi- tor. He has a Ph.D. in physics and has been a professional programmer for over 15 years. You can reach him on the Internet or BIX at edejesus @ bix. com. ThinkPad 755CV $6099 ThinkPad 755CDV $7099 (includes integrated CD-ROM drive) IBM Corp. Armonk, NY (914) 765-1900 (800) 426-2968 Circle 1032 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 233 When It Comes Training, more The techn Datapro's On-Site IT Training will put you into the 21st century today In today's business environment, technology is changing so fast even your most talented peo- ple are hard-pressed to keep pace. Downsizing has got everyone busy doing two jobs — when they're not doing three. And the only thing tighter than time these days is your travel budget. Relax. Datapro's On-Site Training stretches your budget, not your employees. We bring the industry experts to you — where and when you need them. That means you can say goodbye to scheduling hassles and time wasted traveling to off-site classes. Benefit from customized training programs With Datapro's On-Site Training you can tailor your high-tech curriculum to suit your compa- ny's specific needs. Our skilled instructors will develop an individualized training program including state-of-the-art teaching aids and hands-on instruction. The bottom line: Data- pro's custom curriculum means you never have to pay for information your employees already know or won't really use. It's easy to understand why leading companies have been taking advantage of Datapro's On- Site Training for more than 23 years — among them AT&T, CODEX, EDS, IBM, McDonnell- Douglas, MCI, Prime Computer, Unisys, and US West. There's no better way to get the most from your training budget. For more information on Datapro's convenient, on-site training call Judi Rustin at 1-800-328-2776, ext. 2896 or 285 7. CUSTOMIZE YOUR TRAINING CURRICULUM FROM THESE COMPREHENSIVE COURSES • Advanced PC Troubleshooting • Client/Server Computing • Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) • Database Tools • The Internet • Object-Oriented Programming • PC-LAN and Data Security • Platform Development Skills • System Engineering • Unix Fundamentals • Visual BASIC DATAPRO Information Services Group 600 Delran Parkway Delran, New Jersey 08075 Tel.: 609-764-0100 Fax:609-764-4568 A Division of The McGraw-Hill Companies McGraw-Hill House Shoppenhangers Road Maidenhead, Berkshire, England SL6 2QL Tel.: +44 1 628 773277 Fax: +44 1 628 773628 20 Cecil Street 21-07 The Exchange Singapore 0104 Tel.: +65 5384432 Fax: +65 5384436 Software REVIEWS Networking at Warp Speed Easy LAN installation and peer services make IBM's OS/2 Warp Connect a serious network contender BARRY NANCE To stem the tide of Windows 95, IBM has sweetened the OS/2 pot. IBM reasons that if OS/2's tech- nical strengths don't overwhelm you, the boatload of networking and application software in the Warp Connect upgrade will be more persuasive, OS/2 Warp Connect bundles LAN re- questers, peer-to-peer networking, group- ware and E-mail, Internet access, a full- featured word processor, a spreadsheet, a personal information manager, a fax util- ity, remote access, communications pro- grams, and other goodies. Curiously miss- ing from Warp Connect is an NFS client for connecting to Unix servers; you have to buy NFS separately. Thenew Warp is robust, reliable, and re- sponsive. That's not surprising, since the underlying OS/2 technology has had years to mature. Warp Connect ($299) costs significant- ly more than the $89 basic Warp product, and it requires roughly twice as much disk space and RAM. Warp Connect takes from 25 to 90 MB of disk space and at least 1 2 MB of RAM, de- pending on which features you install. IBM recommends at least 8 MB, but we found performance is much better with 12 MB. Almost all of Warp Connect' s features, including the requesters, LAN Distance, CID (Configuration, Installation, and Distribution), and the Bonus Pack of applications, have been around for a while; Warp Connect brings them to- gether in one box. How- ever, the peer-to-peer net- working is new, as is the installation program for network options. We installed Warp Connect on a dozen PCs (mostly 486s and Pen- tiums). The peer-to-peer networking services worked well and offered better security and relia- bility than Windows for Workgroups. The peer networking and LAN Server requester fea- tures let Warp Connect access files, print- ers, and CD-ROM drives on computers running Warp Connect itself; IBM's LAN Server and PC LAN Program; Microsoft's Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT, and LAN Manager; and Artisoft's LAN- tastic. Warp Connect peers and LAN Serv- er clients can even use the same modems via shared serial port access to PCs run- ning OS/2-based communications soft- ware. These Peer Services are, in fact, a superset of the LAN Requester in all ways except one: To run the LAN Server graph- re |-V';;: / * a a - •-. • - * i g • • - i 1 a ■ <».-•-:• !Ov 1 a- ■:vpaaa j|-..- : _: W .* wjj HH Sh'rftlnio high gear! The Networking Difference Warp Connect augments basic OS/2 Warp with IBM and third-party network client technologies such as NetWare Requester 2. 1 1 , LAN Server 4.0 Requester, OS/2 Peer to Peer, LAN Distance Remote 1.1, Lotus Notes Express (an entry-level Notes client), and support for TCP/IP, IPX, and NetBIOS/NetBEUI. There's also a com- prehensive TCP/IP LAN and SLIP/PPP dial-up client that can replace the Bonus Pack's TCP/IP client. IBM TCP/IP version 3, which can maintain a dial-up Internet connection and a network card connection at the same time, includes FTP and Tel- net server software. Curiously missing from Warp Connect is an NFS client for connecting to Unix servers; you have to buy NFS separately. IBM says it will ship a Warp Connect Extend Pack later this year that will add features designed specifically to appeal to larger enterprises, such as Communica- tions Manager/2 desktop-to-mainframe software and IBM's multiprotocol connec- tivity software, AnyNet/2. IBM also says it's collaborating with Novell to produce a 32-bit NetWare Requester for OS/2. IBM's Person to Person software can now be run with Warp's new Peer Services to provide peer-to-peer videoconferencing. ical administration tools, you must use the LAN Requester instead of Peer Services. When we added the NetWare Requester, the resulting dual-protocol stack consumed extra extended memory, but it still left nearly 640 KB of conventional memory for each DOS and Windows session. Try- ing to use multiple protocols in a DOS or a DOS-plus-Windows machine, however, left us with insufficient memory to run ap- plications. The only problem the NetWare Requester exhibited was slow access to NetWare drives assigned through the Net- work folder. Drive mappings that were es- tablished through the NetWare Tools util- ity behaved normally. For smaller networks (typically 10 or fewer PCs), or for a decentralized campus environment, Warp Connect' s Peer Ser- vices are useful and productive. Beyond eight or 10 clients, you'll need a separate file server running a product such as Net- Ware or LAN Server. The networking utilities in OS/2 Warp Connect include Network SignOn Coor- dinator, a help database, and LAN Dis- tance Remote. Network SignOn holds log- on names and passwords and sends them out to the various services. The help data- base lets you perform keyword searches for frequently asked questions, setup guides, and descriptions of known prob- lems. LAN Distance Remote is a client for a LAN Distance Server that lets your PC SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 235 REVIEWS Networking at Warp Speed use a modem to access server files, just as if your modem were a LAN adapter. Warp Connect' s Peer Services also de- liver auditing, logging, and an interface to REXX, the OS/2 scripting language. You can monitor access to shared peer re- sources and write REXX scripts to auto- mate routine tasks. The Network Clip- board/DDE lets you cut and paste clipboard data across the LAN or — if you use NetBIOS over TCP/IP— across the In- ternet. Peer Services also includes an OS/2 program for playing chess across a net- work. And the Person to Person application lets you do workgroup and videoconfer- encing (see the screen on page 235). The Installation Ceremony IBM has really improved OS/2's much- criticized installation procedure. The sys- tem's tool for detecting LAN adapters (see "Sniffing Out LAN Hardware" at right) correctly identified most network cards we tested, failing only with the diff icult-to- identify Eagle NE2000 card: An NE2000 adapter (or clone) doesn't offer software a clear-cut ROM address or I/O port signa- ture for identification purposes. The in- stallation program easily recognized (and configured Warp for) cards from such manufacturers as Thomas-Conrad, Madge, IBM, Intel, and SMC. You are offered three ways to install Warp Connect: easy, tailored, and hands-off . The hands-off installation method (called CID) is appropriate for large organizations that want to seed Warp onto many LAN-con- nected PCs quickly and painlessly. CID is an IBM-designed, over-the-wire software distribution mechanism that creates a redi- rected installation environment. To quickly install a CID-enabled prod- uct such as Warp Connect across a LAN, you modify a template script supplied with Warp Connect and run the LAN CID utility. A component called the Service Installable File System (SRVIFS) handles file redi- rection between the code server and the client workstation. We found the CID scripts easy to set up and run. A server-based LAN CID REXX pro- gram identifies the products that you want to install. Individual product-response files contain the menu selections and choices of features that you other- wise would have to pro- vide interactively. A SRVIFS configuration file sets up the code server. The bottom line is that you can install Warp Connect (or an- Snif f ing Out LAN Hardware When you want to know what kind of LAN adapter your computer uses, you remove the cover and inspect the adapter. But installation software that wants to identify your LAN adapter has to use machine instructions to detect and identify such hardware. Micro Channel and EISA adapters are relatively easy to detect; both architectures supply configuration data to programs. ISA-based PCs, on the other hand, present installation software with a mine- field of problems. Warp Connects installation program invokes functions within a DLL to sniff out LAN hardware. This DLL contains code that identifies 250 to 300 different network adapters; two-thirds of this code is for ISA adapters. IBM programmers regularly add new entries to the list. Each addition goes through regression tests to make sure the new code doesn't crash in the presence of the other listed adapters. The DLL steps carefully through a series of adapter-signature tests to find out what LAN adapter you have. The tests first look through adapter ROM for patterns of bytes. Sometimes the software uses adapter-specific sequences of IN and OUT machine instructions to make the query. Because the same adapter can often use different I/O addresses and IRQs, the detection soft- ware often must make several attempts at identifying it. The order of the tests is important. The same sequence of IN/OUT instruc- tions that detects one kind of adapter might cause a different kind to freeze the computer. And the possibility of trouble- some interactions between the detection soft- ware and adapters sensitive to certain machine instructions makes it important to figure out which adapters are examined first. To run the detection code outside the instal- lation procedure, open a Warp Connect OS/2 command-line session and run the 0S2SNIFF program in the GRPWARE directory. 0S2SNIFF will invoke the detection routines in NCD.DLL and display the results on-screen. iter and Protocol Support LAPS Confirpation Select a network adapter and then select ptotociAs to go with It -Hetwork Adapters jhwaTiFnniFffigi8i'iMi'<-iii'iii''iiJ )lQm 3C503 EtherUi* II Adaptor lJ3Cwn 3C523 EtherLlnk/MC Adapter 3Com EtrwUrtklin Fwnlty OS/2 | Add j ;Char^«j [ Other a dapters... j Current Conl i juration — ] Select OK when complete. The installation program sniffs out network adapters, then gives you confirmation of those that are installed. other CID-enabled product) on about 300 PCs in a single day. Wrapping It Up We can't go without faulting the single input message queue, which makes it pos- sible for one badly behaved Presentation Manager application to prevent other ap- plications from receiving event-queue mes- sages. Also, Warp Connect needs an intelligent maintenance utility for CON- FIG.SYS statements, especially since net- work software can increase the number of such statements to more than 100. The lack of an NFS client is a glaring omission. And the installation program gets confused if there's more than one LAN adapter in your OS/2 Warp Connect 3.0 . . .$299 (CD-ROM only; includes Windows) IBM Armonk, NY 10504 (800) 342-6672 (914) 765-1900 fax: (313) 225-4020 Circle 1144 on Inquiry Card. PC (though you can fix such problems by editing the CONFIG.SYS, NET.CFG, and PROTOCOL.INI files by hand). Overall, though, OS/2 Warp Connect has a lot to offer. The combination of in- the-box networking with a mature 32-bit operating system that runs Windows, Win32s, DOS, and OS/2 software makes this a productive, useful environment. Warp Connect offers all the essential fea- tures of both Windows 95 and Windows NT while adding features (such as the Bonus Pack and Notes Express) that the competition lacks. ■ Contributing editor Barry Nance has been a programmer for 25 years. He is the author o/Using OS/2 Warp 3.0, Introduction to Net- working, and Client/Server LAN Program- ming. You can reach him via the Internet at banyn@bix.com. 236 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Don't just settle for collections of pictures! TRAVEL NOTES ON CD is an ambitious project, the result of in- tensive research work, which will take you on a voyage of rediscovery of our planet, nature and the peoples who formed it over the conturies. TRAVEL NOTES ON CD is an extensive library, with more than 100 exclusive photographs by well known photographers on each CD- ROM, presented by means of a sophisticated WINDOWS PROGRAM which permits personalized selection of the pictures. It is also possible to active a "SLIDE" function which guides us on our personalized journey. Ask for our full catalogue! Already available: ZIMBABWE, PO- LAR BEARS, BROWN BEARS, SOUTH AFRICA, EGYPT, AFRICAN FELINES, GREAT AFRICAN HERBI- VORES, ANIMALS OF INDIA, NA- MIBIA, MALAWI, FRENCH POLY- NESIA, NEW ZELAND, GREATER ANTILLES, ORCHIDS. Coming out soon: PARKS OF AFRI- CA, MAURITANIA AND SENEGAL, KENYA, ZAIRE, TANZANIA, MO- ROCCO, DOGS, CATS. EHOEEE Configuration required: Windows 3.1 or higher, CPU 386 or higher, 4 megabytes of RAM, VGA graphic card. The pictures contained in the CD are in 640*480 format with 16 million colours. Recommended: SVGA graphic card, 1 megabyte of RAM, compatible Sound Blaster card. Each photograph is accompanied by a full caption, both in writing and sound; various zoom and colour modification effects are available and the pictures can be printed and, if desired, exported to the most common formats (BMP, TIFF, PCX, JPG, GIF). INTERNATIONAL DISTRIBUTORS WELCOME! MS-WINDOWS is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation ($ FlMSa FINSON srl - Via Montepulciano, 15-20124 Milano (ITALY) Tel. +39-2-66987036 - Fax +39-2-66987027 INTERNET: MC8468@MCLINK.IT - FINSON.SRL@AGORA.STM.IT Circle 105 on Inquiry Card. eriaVV^ OMSZaw 3 tovet 1975-1995 ECTOR PEN Parker Vector Sport roller ball pen. Black. [BYT 10) $6. , '■yj; I mug with logo on both sides. (BYT 8) $4.50 1 T-SHIRT 100% cotton Oneita Sizes L(BYT 13), XU ^ SWE 11 oz. cross grain I generous athletic L 95% cotton, 5°/ Power-T. White. [BYT 14). $8.00 ATSHIRT ,ee sweatshirt features : cut and side gussets, b polyester. Ash. Sizes M(BYT J),L(BYT2 fe| XL(BYT3). $31.01 I 1 MOUSE PAD COMPUTER TOOL Kl Deluxe computer devi tool kit in black vinyl ) , zi pper ca se f ea tures: [) 2 nut drivers, 3-prong parts retriever, torx r river, 1C extractor, 1 Mllips and two slottc crewdrivers. (BYT 12 f Hard top mouse pad. 7.5"x 8.5". (BYT 7) $5.25 Call 1-800-676-4256 or 1-708-647-4906 in Illinois, 8:30 a.m.-5:00 p.m. Central Time. We accept VISA, MasterCard, American Express, and Discover. t-of-stock ite re applicable ; and Hardware REVIEWS To Print a Rainbow Next-generation color lasers from Apple and Tektronix set high standards for print quality, connectivity, and convenience TOM THOMPSON The first generation of sub-$ 1 0,000 color lasers, introduced last year, suffered from complicated setup and lackluster out-of-the-box network ca- pabilities. In short, they didn't work as ad- vertised. Enter Tektronix, the color printer king- pin, and Apple, creator of the desktop pub- lishing market. Both companies know the color market well, and it shows in their latest color lasers: Apple's Color Laser 12/600 and Tektronix's Phaser 540. (The Phaser 540 Plus became available just af- ter this review; it's a 540 with legal-size printing capability and a somewhat faster printing speed for the same $8995 price.) Both of these printers readily manage true 600-dpi output; are easy to set up, thanks to a monocomponent print tech- nology that dispenses with the developer cartridges; and are platform-agnostic, com- ing with drivers for Macintosh, PC, and Unix systems. Apple's Color Laser 12/600 Big and heavy, the Apple Color Laser 12/ 600 occupies a 21- by 23-inch area and weighs in at 1 10 pounds. A 25-MHz AMD 29030 RISC processor manages the print- er's smarts, and 8 MB of ROM houses an Adobe PostScript Level 2 interpreter, 39 Type 1 fonts, and code that handles Ap- pleTalk, NetWare IPX, and TCP/IP pro- tocol stacks. Custom ASICs manage data compression and decompression and ac- celerate Apple's image-enhancement soft- ware. Because the printer receives compressed image data, it needs less RAM than most color printers — only 12 MB (which comes in the base $6989 configuration). The board holds up to 40 MB of RAM in two industry-standard 72-pin SIMM sockets. The controller board sports a medley of I/O ports: Ethernet (Apple AUI [attach- ment unit interface] connector), LocalTalk, and IEEE P1284 bidirectional parallel, plus an HDI-30 SCSI port for adding font- caching hard drives. The controller scans all ports for data and can field incoming jobs of different network protocols. The Canon HX LBP print engine generates up Sub-$10,000 color lasers: the Tektronix Phaser 540 (left) and the Apple Color Laser 12/600. to 3 pages per minute for color output and up to 12 ppm for monochrome. Phaser 540 With a 19.5- by 27.4-inch footprint and weighing 1 17 pounds, the Phaser 540 is also a bruiser. It uses an AMD 29030 con- troller (running at 32 MHz instead of 25 MHz). The ROMs provide Adobe Post- Script Level 2 with 39 Type 1 fonts and in- clude a PCL5 (Printer Control Language) interpreter. Standard RAM is 20 MB, ex- pandable to 52 MB. A P 1284 bidirection- al parallel port and a SCSI-2 port are both standard. You can attach the $1695 Phaser Copy- Station option to add color-copying ca- pability. An optional Phaser Share board ($595) provides either an Ethernet or a Token Ring network in- terface; both support Ap- pleTalk, IPX, and TCP/IP (which is an extra $295). The controller switches between network proto- cols and emulations au- tomatically. The Phaser 540's KME print engine can produce 3Yi ppm for color and 14 ppm for monochrome at 600 dpi. Blazing Colors Setup for both printers is as easy as it gets: Basically, it takes around 15 minutes to insert the photoconductor drum/belt and the four toner cartridges. Overall, the Phas- er 540 handled print jobs faster than the Color Laser 12/600 because of its faster processor. The overhead of data decom- pression may also slow down the Apple printer. The Color Laser 1 2/600 processed the BYTE color PostScript test (which measures the speed of the PostScript in- terpreter) in 129 seconds, while the Phas- er 540 fielded it in just 59 seconds. The Color Laser 1 2/600's operation was initially marred by its acute sensitivity to a bad cable on BYTE's network. The print- er lost data packets and had them resent until it finally timed out. After we removed the faulty cable, the print- er operated flawlessly. However, the Phaser 540, a Hewlett-Packard La- serJet HID, and an Apple LaserWriter Pro 630 — all located within several feet of the Color Laser 1 2/ 600 and connected to the same network — experi- enced no network diffi- culties from the bad wire. continued Color Laser 12/600 . . $6989 Apple Computer, Inc. Cupertino, CA (800) 538-9696 (408) 996-1010 Circle 1030 on Inquiry Card. Phaser 540 $8995 Tektronix, Inc. Wilsonville, OR (800) 835-6100 (503) 682-7377 Circle 1031 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 239 REVIEWS To Print a Rainbow Squeezing Colors from Pixels Printing black text is fairly straightforward: Any given spot on the paper either has black pigment on it or does not. To get smoother edges or higher resolution, many laser printers adjust the size and even the position of the black dots on the image grid by modulating the laser beam. Producing photographic images is more complicated because the printer must create the illusion of gray shades by tiling varied groups of black dots called dithering patterns. The gray shades come at the expense of resolution, but, again, laser modulation can help, either by making dithering patterns less obvious or by squeezing more gray shades from a smaller pattern. The production of dithering patterns is even more complicated with color images, because clusters of the four process colors (cyan, magenta, yellow, and black) must imitate various hues. Both Tektronix and Apple have developed methods to effectively coerce more colors from smaller dithering patterns. By modifying i the laser beam's pulse duration to give some pixels more or less energy than others, the printer's electronics affect how many uttrafine v - toner particles adhere to a each pixel. The result: several intensity levels for each color instead of all or none. ;yan, magenta, yellow, and €> Laser modulation equals smoother color gradations. Apple is aware of the problem. Both printers handled Mac and Win- dows print jobs without a hitch. Plain-pa- per output from these printers is simply outstanding, and output with photograph- ic images is good enough to threaten sales of dye-sublimation printers. There is lit- tle overall quality difference between the two printers, although the Apple unit ap- peared to do better on more types of im- ages than the Tektronix unit did. If you're running lots of Windows ap- plications that speak PCL5, consider the Phaser 540. If you're dealing with Post- Script, either printer is suitable. While the Phaser 540 is substantially faster, it also carries a higher price tag. An Ethernet- equipped Phaser 540 with TCP/IP support costs $9885, while the Color Laser 12/600 comes with Ethernet standard (including TCP/IP support) for $6989. ■ Tom Thompson is a BYTE senior technical editor at large with a B.S.E.E. from the Uni- versity of Memphis. He is an Associate Apple Developer. You can contact him on Apple- Link as "T.THOMPSON" or on the Inter- net or BIX at tom_thompson@bix.com. HUNT FOR UNIX TOOLS Uni Direct scouts for PC to UNIX connectivity tools! Troubleshooting LANs/WANs Using All Your Time? Observer and Analyst/Probe are Microsoft Windows based LAN troubleshooting tools and protocol analyzers. With Observer or Analyst, you can view your LAN more clearly, see network traf- fic in real time and, with this new information, make network decisions based on facts. FREE Eval Copy Observer Unlimited Network ONLY $459! 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TinyTERM Plus from Century Software gives you complete connectivity with a variety of emulation modes. TCP/IP, LPR/LPD printer sharing, FTP file transfers, NFS option and more! Ask about our Windows 95-to-UNIX connectivity solutions! 5 PC copy only $279 1-800-613-1683 WebSite: http://www.unidirect.com • fax 714-707-3095 • ph 714-453-2999 • AD9002 Whew the Corporate Wottd Connects to UNIX UniDire 240 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 112 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 113). Version ^Jjf >H ""*"*»•«« IW„(»l„„j,„ Hftfos* Put pictures into Word As you know, a picture can say more than 1000 words. Imagine then, what the Image Office™ system can do for you. It allows you to capture your own colour video images with a simple Click & Freeze! Manipulate the image or just paste it into a Microsoft® Word document or into another word processing programme. All in full colour, no compression, and high resolution. What you see is what you can get! Want to make your documents more interesting and communicate bet- ter? Long to make brilliant presentations? It's easy. Just plug in your camcorder (or any other video device), watch the video images on your PC and choose the one you want to use. Adjust the brightness, contrast and colours to suit your own personal taste. Then Click & Freeze the image into your Word document, or any other application with a resolution of 5 1 1 x 5 1 1 pixels and 24-bit true colour. It's easy, fast and powerful. Get the picture? A complete image system If you have a desktop or portable PC with a PCMCIA card and access to a video source such as a VCR, camcorder, TV laser disc etc., then all you need is Image Office. The video capture system consists of a desktop digitiser card in PC Card format, a video adaptor cable, the Image Office software package and an easy-to-follow user manual. Sample images are included on the diskettes. Why use 1000 words when one single picture will do the job? M R T MRT micro as. Str0msvn. 74, N-201 Str0mmen, Norway Tel.: +47 63 89 20 20 Fax: +47 63 80 12 12 USA Tel.: +1 603 465 2830 Fax: +1 603 465 2680 Germany Tel.: +49 8092 880 77 Fax: +49 8092 880 76 • Australia Electro Optics Tel.: +61 2654 1873 Fax: +61 2654 1539 • Belgium MicrolinkTel.: +32 2 521 8650 Fax: +32 2 521 6078 • China Beijing Da Heng Image Vision Co, Ltd. 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Tel.: +88 62912 8633/+ 88 62910 1407 Fax: +88 62 9 1 2 8632 • UK Visimetrics Tel.: +44 1436 677557 Fax:+44 1436 672131 -USA Belmont Data West Tel.:+1 415 5707792 Fax: + 1 4155704204. l-CubeTel.:+l 301 464 7070 Fax: +1 301 464 0650. ltronicsTel.:+l 818 865 0005 Fax:+1 818 865 1227. Long Island Instrument Corp. Tel.:+1 516 781 4373 Fax: +1 516781 4105. Microdisc Tcl.:+I 609 486 0330 Fax: +1 6094867877. Trademarks Microsoft, Windows. Word for Windows, and the Windows logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United Slates and/or other countries. All trademarks in this document are the property of their respective owners. Circle 116 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 117). r ON Networking BYTE has compiled every major article written on network- ing from the January 1993 issue through the October 1994 issue on a multiple disk set. With easy-to-use search and retrieve capabilities, this fully indexed text database allows you to access valuable tech- nology and product information from networking product reviews, features, news analysis, and tech- nical columns from the pages of BYTE. All articles are written by BYTE's staff, contributors, and other industry experts. $14.95 NETWORKING 3-Disk ON DISH! f If ere are just a few of the articles you'll find on disk: ♦ Network Connections ♦ Fine-T\ine LANtastic ♦ Linking LANs ♦ Printers Talk Back ♦ NetWare Goes Global ♦ Modems for High-Speed Communications and Portability ♦ Digital Remote Access ♦ Network Management Systems PEJUS MORE! ♦ Enterprise Computing ♦ Report on Networking ♦ LANs Make the Switch ♦ Wireless Mobile Communications Place Your Order Today! Complete order form and send to: BYTE on Networking, Attn. Grculation Dept., One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458 or fax to 603-924-2603 □ Check Enclosed (Make checks payable to BYTE Magazine, US funds only) □ MasterCard □ VISA □ AMEX Card# Exp. Date_ Signature Canadian and U.S. orders, please add $2.95 for shipping and handling. Outside North America, add $5.00 for air moil delivery. Please allow 6-8 weeks for delivery. Disk format 3 1/2 inch. Currently available for Windows only. For telephone orders using a credit card (MasterCard, VISA, or American Express) CALL 1-800-924-6621 Name Address City Country _ Ban F° Jtate -Zip L I O. DK4127 O B A S E Because the Experts decide. Hardware REVIEWS 3-D Graphics Go Zoom Intergraph and Omnicomp offer different routes to speedy 3-D GREG LOVERIA ost of us would love to navi- | gate through complex virtual 3-D scenes on our desktop PCs. But functions such as real-time 3-D animation and Gouraud shading are tough jobs for even the swiftest CPU. Most desk- top PCs have enough floating-point capa- bility for the initial geometry calculations required by 3-D modeling, but you need specialized 3-D rendering hardware to quickly turn those internal geometric rep- resentations into realistic-looking images on the 2-D surface of your monitor. The combination of lower-cost 3-D hardware and 3-D APIs — such as Silicon Graphics' OpenGL — is making that real- ity more affordable. OpenGL is particu- larly important because it's built into Win- dows NT and will eventually be part of Windows 95. Cards that support OpenGL will run lots of 3-D applications. Here we evaluate two promising ap- proaches to 3-D acceleration: a $2385 PCI card from Omnicomp that works with sev- eral currently popular 3-D APIs, includ- ing OpenGL; and a $23,850 Intel-based workstation from Intergraph. Omnicomp's 3Demon cards are the first graphics adapters to use 3DLabs' new Glint 3-D accelerator, which promises good 3-D performance at a low price. (Glint-based cards from Elsa, Fujitsu, and others should be available by now.) Viewperf OpenGL Results F117 Sphere Skull Viewperf measures shaded-model rotation rates in frames per second using three multicolored, multitextured 3-D models: a Stealth F117 jet fighter (a mesh consisting of 172 primitives and 708 vertices per frame), a human skull (3778 primitives and 14,172 vertices), and a simple sphere (2448 primitives and 9792 vertices). A single Viewperf frame consists of the model moving or rotating from one rendered x,y,z axes position to the next interpolated, rendered position in a 360-degree rotation about any axis. Intergraph' s new TDZ-40 system belongs to a family that delivers workstation-level 3- D performance on the Intel x86 platform. The TDZ-40 also proves that a good 3-D chip is not enough in itself for great 3-D performance (see the text box "A Whole Lotta Buffers" on page 244). The dual-Pentium TDZ-40 is a turnkey acceleration sys- tem for MicroStation, a CAD package from Intergraph sub- sidiary Bentley Systems. It uses Intergraph's two-card GLZ2, an OpenGL accelera- tor that works in conjunction with Intergraph's MOGLE (MicroStation OpenGL Ex- tensions) 3-D API. Omni- comp's 3Demon adapters, while aimed at improving speeds of existing 3-D and CAD applications using vari- ous 3-D APIs, can also accelerate Micro- Station performance speeds using MOGLE. 3-D Demon Omnicomp's 3Demon adapters all use the Glint 300SX 3-D graphics chip. Board mod- els in the 3Demon series range from the $ 1 995 SX44 (4 MB each of VRAM and DRAM) to the $3535 SX816 (8 MB of VRAM, 16 MB of DRAM). We tested a $2385 SX48, which has 4 MB of VRAM and 8 MB of DRAM. (Omni- comp plans an October release for its 3Demon TX series, which uses the new Glint 400TX processor to accelerate texture mapping.) The SX44 and SX48 use the 64- bit IBM525 RAM- DAC for color con- versions, while the SX816 has a wider 128-bit IBM528 RAMDAC. The three-quarter-size I | GLZ in 24-bit color mode 3Demon in 24-bit color mode I 1 3Demon in 1 2-bit color mode All results in frames per second. Higher numbers indicate better performance. Intergraph's Pentium-powered TDZ-40 system combines workstation-level 3-D performance with Intel x86 software compatibility. The Omnicomp 3Demon SX48 board (perched atop the monitor) provides good 3-D performance for tighter budgets. 3Demon cards use DRAM for 32-bit Z- buffering. Jumperless and self-configuring, the SX48 installs easily alongside any existing VGA card, which is required for boot-up purposes. The SX48 supports display res- olutions of 640 by 480 pixels with 24-bit color up to 1280 by 1024 pixels with 8- bit color. It also supports 24-bit-color, dou- ble-buffered, 3-D model acceleration at display resolutions of 640 by 480 pixels up to 800 by 600 pixels. GLZ Sizzler Available only in its TDZ line of work- stations, Intergraph's PCI-based GLZ se- ries of OpenGL graphics accelerators sup- ports 24-bit color depth only. The GLZ1 adapter, which has 12 MB of VRAM, sup- ports resolutions as high as 1 152 by 864 pixels. The two-slot GLZ2 tested here sup- ports resolutions of up to 1600 by 1280 pixels; it has 24 MB of onboard VRAM. Housed in an external cabinet, and packed with 34 MB of VRAM and 32 MB of DRAM, the truly scary GLZ6 supports real-time, fully texture-mapped, photo-re- alistic model walk-throughs. Other 3-D accelerators in this series include the GLZ3 through GLZ6. All GLZ boards are fully SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTK 243 REVIEWS 3-D Graphics Go Zoom TDZ^40 ....$23,850 (with two 100-MHz Pentiums, (34 /W&af RAM, 2-GB hard drive, 21-inch monitor) Intergraph Computer Sys'tems Huntsville, AL (800) 763-0242 (205) 730-5441 http://www.intergraph.com Circle 1150 on Inquiry Card. compliant with OpenGL and MOGLE and have built-in VGA support. Prices for TDZ workstations, all with GLZ 3-D acceleration, start at $9900 for a single-Pentium TDZ-30 system (less mon- itor) and climb to $136,800 for the six- Pentium TDZ-60DS with GLZ6 accelera- tor, a 3- by 2-GB RAID system, 256 MB of system RAM, and 27-inch InterVue dis- play monitor. Our test system — a 100- MHz dual-Pentium TDZ-40, configured with the GLZ2 accelerator, 64 MB of RAM, 2-GB hard drive, and superb Inter- Vue 21-inch monitor—costs $23,850. TDZ workstations ship with a quad-speed CD- ROM drive and a keyboard with built-in microphone and Altec Lansing speakers. 3-D Performance Several factors affect 3-D graphics per- formance: the host CPU and system bus, operating system, 3-D API, and an appli- cation's ability to perform multithreaded and multiprocessing operations. As a PCI- based system, Intergraph' s TDZ-40 made a good base for testing the 3Demon card; it eliminated many of these variables. We compared the 3Demon to the TDZ-40' s own GLZ2 adapter, also a PCI card, under Windows NT Workstation 3.5, with both MOGLE- and OpenGL-based benchmarks. We also compared the 3Demon with a Matrox Millennium card, both running in the same Micron 120-MHz Pentium sys- tem. Though the Millennium accelerates 3- D, it didn't yet have OpenGL drivers and thus represents a very fast 2-D graphics accelerator for comparison purposes. To test OpenGL 3-D performance, we used the Viewpeif benchmark, developed by the OpenGL Performance Characteri- zation Committee. It gauges 3-D perfor- mance with lines, solids, shaded solids, and textures. We tested both cards at res- olutions of 640 by 480 pixels and then 1024 by 768 pixels with 24-bit color. We also tested static model rendering with MOGLE using MicroStation v5.00.95 and two 3-D DGN files ("bearing cutaway" and "pool architectural" drawings). The MicroStation command functions tested on both adapters consisted of wire mesh, hidden line, filled hidden line, and con- 3DemonSX48 .$2385 (4 MB of VRAM, 8 MB of DRAM) Omnicomp Graphics Corp. Houston, TX (713) 464-2990 fax: (713) 827-7540 omnicmp@phoenix.phoenix.com http://phoenix.phoenix.net:80/~omnicmp Circle 1151 on Inquiry Card. stant and smooth shading renders. To put the 3-D performance of these products in perspective, the 3Demon board in its 12-bit color mode ran the Viewperf tests three to four times faster than the Ma- trox Millennium in its 8-bit mode at both 640 by 480 pixels and 1024 by 768 pixels. With both cards using 24-bit color, the 3Demon was only one-third to two times faster at a resolution of 640 by 480. At 1024 by 768, the 3Demon's 4 MB of VRAM wasn't enough to double buffer, and the two cards produced almost identi- cal Viewperf results. For rotating and an- imating shaded models at a resolution of 1024 by 768 (or higher) with 24-bit color, you should consider the 3DemonSX88orSX816, which have more VRAM. Just as the 3Demon beat the Millennium, the Inter- graph GLZ2 beat the 3De- mon with both boards run- ning Viewperf in the TDZ-40— at least during most tests. In 12-bit color mode, the3Demon speeded up and averaged roughly the same as the GLZ2 (al- ways in 24-bit mode), but that ' s a n unfair comparison. The size and complexity of the MOGLE pool model made real-time Gouraud- shaded walk-throughs im- possible on the SX48, though wireframe-mode pans and zooms were fluid. The GLZ2 was only 20 per- cent to 50 percent faster than the SX48 when first running the MOGLE tests. However, on second runs, with display-list caching in its spacious RAM, the GLZ2 ran an amazing three to ten times faster than the SX48 with the MOGLE pool model. During model-ro- tation and walk-through tests, the GLZ2, like the SX48, showed motion lags in the more complex pool model when doing Gouraud-shaded pans and zooms. But in wireframe and flat shaded modes, motion was fluid. Rotations of the MOGLE bear- ing-cutaway model at both resolutions and using Gouraud shading were less jerky with the GLZ2 than with the SX48. With the GLZ2, rotations were as smooth as glass in wireframe and flat shaded modes. Though a bit pricey, an Intergraph TDZ workstation with GLZ acceleration tech- nology is the top professional 3-D solu- tion if you want the software compatibili- ty provided by an Intel-based system. For budget-conscious people running existing 3-D applications on a PCI-based system, Omnicomp's 3Demon add-in boards are an excellent low-cost solution. ■ Greg Loverici writes and consults on anima- tion and 3-D graphics from Binghamton, New York. You can reach him on the Internet at gloveria@spectra.net or loveria@bix.com. A Whole Lotta Buffers While a single smart processor like the Glint 300SX can speed up 3-D rendering substantially, there's no substitute for lots of buffer space. Like other Inter- graph GLZ adapters, the 24-MB GLZ2 employs a 220-bit-wide memory bus to service 92 video planes consisting of two 24-bit RGB buffers (double buffer- ing for smooth animation) and one 24-bit Z-buffer that caches depth information. Masking, overlay, and image window-control bits account for the remaining 20 video planes. The GLZ2 uses four custom proprietary Intergraph ASIC subsystems for 2-D and 3-D graphics accelera- tion. The DMA Engine is the main graphics accelera- tion processor; according to Intergraph, it touts 3-D speeds of up to 450,000 Gouraud-shaded triangles per second. The PCI/DMA ASIC controls vertex data flow (the vertices of surface polygons) up to burst speeds of 4 MBps to and from the PCI bus and the GLZ2's 24 MB of VRAM to the FIFO chip subsystem. The four-ASIC Resolver subsystem controls RGBA (RGB and Alpha channel) pixel and Z- data I/O to the frame buffer. A 256-bit-wide Analog Devices ADV7160DAC handles color conversion. Omnicomp's mon SX48 provides iat acceleration with ii OpenGL, but the TDZ-40's GLZ2 subsystem (pictured) is faster still. The SX48 keeps up only in its 12-bit color mode, which isn't a fair comparison. 244 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Increase the processing speed of your SPARC S workstations or servers and you get more work done in the course of the day — simple, right? Unfortunately, the decision about how to increase your workstation's or server's processing speed usually complicates matters. Until now, that is. ROSS Technology proudly announces the 125 MHz hyperSPARC™ Upgrade, available in single, dual and quad processor configurations. These Upgrades improve the performance and add multiprocessing capability to SPARCstation'" 10, SPARCstation 20 and SPARCserver'" 630/670/690 machines. Not only are ROSS SPARC Upgrade proces- sors the fastest on the market, they are a risk- free way to upgrade your workstation and server performance. ROSS is the original source of Sun's multiprocessors, and we are currently powering Sun's highest-performance desktop workstations. How Fast? Way Fast. At ROSS we say, "When in doubt, check the data." Compare ROSS' numbers with the performance of major high-end SPARC microprocessors, as reported by Dataquest: SPECint 92 SPECf p 92 hyperSPARC 125 MHz 133 154 MIPS 175 MHz 130 100 Alpha 166 MHz 108 135 superSPARC 75 MHz 126 121 microSPARC-I1 100 MHz 75 65 Think about what this means for your business. You can extend the useful life of your machines for minimal cost. You'll see performance increases in the range of two to five times current processing speed, while leaving the chassis, memory, disk and peripherals intact. Our hyperSPARC Upgrades feature compact multi-die packaging, which allows each MBus slot to contain up to two processors; they take less than 30 minutes to install. Most importantly, ROSS will continue to produce Upgrades that keep your SPARC workstations and servers on the blazing edge. Call your ROSS representative today to get more details on hyperSPARC multiprocessing, or send e-mail to ross_infoa)ross.com. 1-800-774-ROSS http://www.ross.com ROSS Technology, Inc. 5316 Hwy.290 W., Austin, TX 78735 1-800-774-ROSS in U.S. • 512-919-5207 Global 512-919-5200 Fax ©1995 ROSS Technology. All rights reserved. All SPARC trademarks are trademarks or registered trademarks of SPARC International, Inc. hyperSPARC is licensed exclusively to ROSS Technology, Inc SPARCstation and SPARCserver are licensed exclusively to Sun Microsystems, Inc. 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KEY=SF65BYL HANDS-ON TESTING Fast, Reliable RAID Subsystems If network server downtime has you singing the blues, the disk array subsystems tested here will keep you and your organization up and running MICHELE GUY Your organization's network file server dies. Day-to-day operations are para- lyzed. What do you do? This scenario occurs more and more frequently in today's office environments. However, the trends in computer use (e.g., central- izing data and applications on file servers and down- sizing from mainframes to PC-size servers) mean that more companies are no longer tolerating server downtime — they want a solution. We tested 16 fast and reliable disk array subsystems that deliver multi- gigabyte storage and ensure that the data on your file server is always available. The price for this kind of in- surance starts at about $10,000. The disk arrays we tested employ a data storage technology called RAID (redundant array of independent disks). RAID addresses three key aspects of disk storage: (1) capacity, (2) speed, and (3) reli- ability. A disk array connects multiple small- er-capacity drives into a device that can appear to an OS as a large, sin- gle logical drive. The overall speed is better on these drives than on a large single drive because the heads on the smaller-capacity drives travel a shorter dis- tance to perform read/write operations, and multiple drives support multiple simultaneous read/writes. RAID controller hardware provides data redundancy to improve reliability, either with a second mirrored copy of the original data or through various parity schemes; this allows a RAID array to continue to operate if one drive fails. (Unlike most other com- ponents in a computer, fixed drives contain moving How to use this guide We selected the best disk array subsystems by evaluating speed, features, and usability. I 1JII.\ I ]1M II Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 i nif ii l t f i in subsystem The Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem was Ute this category. Its tost performance and wide range of features, including redundant and hol-swappable drives, power supplies, fans, a sixth drive for a hot spare, and a write cache with battery backup, placed It well above the other subsystems. Its Online Management Utility lor Windows NT provides enact and readable status during a drive failure and rebullrJoperstion. m The Overall Score combines a product's weighted scores for performance (i.e., speed), features, and usability. Performance counted for half of the overall score; features and usability each was one-fourth of the overall score. We evaluated the disk arrays on their features (e.g., warranty length and coverage), numberof redundant and hot-swappable components, support for a hot spare drive, and alarm types. DEC Slora3eWoiksRAIDAiray230 S12.183 Mega Drive EnterpnseE-8 PCI Sfcxase Selirtws RacaRay CM2- S13.595 Cor\nerCR!2.RAID Winchester Systems FlastiDsk SCSI Usability was judged on the quality of documentation, ease of configuration, and the ease with which the array was able to recover from a single drive failure. Relative speed on a scale of 1 to 10 in a single-thread and a multithread environment. Relative overall speed on a scale of 1 to 10. 248 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 PHOTOGRAPHY: STEVE BELKOW1TZ ©1995 A Pillar of Reliability E2D BEST REDUNDANT POWER SUPPLIES Self-contained units that supply power to the array. If one fails, the other will keep the array going. REDUNDANT FANS Self-contained units that cool the array. If one fails, the other will keep operating. INTERFACE CONNECTION TO THE HOST On most of the units, this is a SCSI-2 Fast/Wide 68-pin female connection on the back of the RAID enclosure. SCSI BACKPLANE Each drive connects to this when installed in the RAID enclosure. ENCLOSURE KEYLOCK Depending on the design, the RAID cabinet keylock prevents entry either to just the drives or to the drives and other components (e.g., power supplies and fans). FRONT-PANEL DISPLAY AND KEYPAD Depending on the manufacturer, a keypad with LEDs can give the current status of the array and let you configure the array and perform maintenance (e.g., a rebuild). DRIVES IN INDIVIDUAL DRIVE SHUTTLES We tested arrays with five half -height (3%-inch form factor) SCSI drives of 2-GB capacity each. Arrays are designed to let you easily install and remove drives. INDIVIDUAL DRIVE KEYLOCKS Some models prevent unintended drive removal with a keylock for each drive; typically, the keylock must be in the locked position for the drive to operate. BEST OVERALL Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem The Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem has it ati — superior speed and features at a reasonable price. Its sieek enclosure houses redundant and hot-swappable disks, power supplies and fans, and a battery- secured write cache. It also supports a hot spare drive. PAGE 250 BEST FOR DATABASE SERVERS Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem The StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem outperformed the competition in handling transactions typical in a database server environment. PAGE 252 BEST FOR AUDIO/ VIDEOSERVERS Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem When it came to our audio/video benchmarks, the StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem was only the third-fastest subsystem, but its features and usability put it over the top once again. PAGE 256 parts that make them more susceptible to failure). RAID was originally defined as having five different levels. Each level addresses the issue of data redun- dancy in a different way. RAID level 1 , which mirrors data, and RAID 3 and 5, which store parity information (also known as ECCs, or error-correction codes), are the most commonly used RAID implementations (for more on RAID level definitions, see the text box "On the Levels" on page 259). We configured the arrays in our test to use RAID 5, which gives you a reasonable trade-off between cost and performance. RAID 5 distributes data and ECCs across the entire array (see the text box "How Error Correction Works" on page 250). RAID 1 offers faster performance but at a higher per-megabyte price, because half of the total storage space is sacrificed to the mir- rored data. On a typical five-drive RAID 5 array, parity information takes up only about 20 percent of total storage space. However, some performance is sacri- ficed because writes to disk must also include an addi- tional operation to update parity information. When RAID was first conceived at the University of California at Berkeley in 1 987, the I in RAID stood for inexpensive. One of the original motivating forces for the RAID developers was to create the most storage for the lowest cost. They found it was cheaper to string several small-capacity drives together than it was to use a single, large expensive drive. Today, companies are more likely to use disk arrays for their redundancy features than to achieve cost savings. Large-capacity drives are no longer necessarily more expensive than an array made up of smaller-capacity drives. As the price- per-megabyte of disk storage continues to fall due to ever-cheaper drives, more users may find a RAID 1 mirrored drive configuration as economical as a RAID 3 or a RAID 5 solution. Another trend may make the focus on RAID levels less crucial. So-called adaptive RAID controllers that dynamically select the best RAID level, using whichever level is optimal for a given set of data, may soon be available. ILLUSTRATION: BRUCE SANDERS © 1995 SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE/NSTL EAB REPORT 249 BEST OVERALL DISK ARRAYS E ach of the 16 disk ar- rays we tested, with a I few minor exceptions, I consisted of a case enclosing an array of five half- height 2-GB drives, an array controller board or compara- ble hardware, a power supply and fan, and a configuration utility and LCD panel that lets you select the RAID level and make other array configuration selections. Most products pro- vided some additional level of hardware redundancy, such as a sixth drive to be used as a hot From left: Winchester Systems' Flash Disk, Mega Drive's Enterprise, Conner's CR12-RAID, Storage Solutions' Raca-Ray, and Digital's StorageWorks. spare, a second power supply, fan, controller, or some com- bination of these. All these arrays were designed to survive a single-drive failure. For RAID 5 testing, we connected each array to a file server running Microsoft Windows NT 3.5 and formatted the array as one large drive (the formatted capacity of these arrays averaged about 8 GB). We ran a series of automated low- level disk tests that were designed to simulate the real-world conditions found on a typical disk subsystem connected to a PC file server. The Best Overall winneris Digital Equipment's Stor- ageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem. The Storage- Works h a d t h e fastest perf or- mance and the widest range of features, including redun- dant and hot-swappable drives, power supplies, fans, a drive for a hot spare, and a write cache with battery backup. The three-channel controller is designed to install in a PCI-based file server and can support two additional enclosures for up to 90.3 GB of storage. The Storage Works' Online Management Utility for NT does a good job of giving you an exact and readable status during a drive failure and rebuild operation. The StorageWorks is also one of the least-expensive units we tested. The second- and third-ranked products from Mega Drive and Storage Solutions, respectively, had virtually identical overall scores. Of the two, the Storage Solutions' Raca-Ray CM2+ was faster and had the best multithread performance score of any array we tested. The Raca-Ray' s speed comes in a not-so-glamorous package; its drives sit in open, trackless HOW ERROR CORRECTION WORKS RAID 5 uses a technique that (1) writes a block of data across several disks (i.e., striping), (2) calculates a code from this data and stores the code on another disk (i.e., parity), and (3) in the event of a single-disk failure, uses the data on the working drives and the calculated code to "interpolate" what the miss- ing data should be (i.e., rebuilding). A RAID 5 array "rotates" data and parity among all the drives on the array, in contrast with RAID 3, which stores all calculated parity values on one particular drive. The following is a simplified explanation of how RAID 5 calculates ECCs (error-correction codes), Say, for example, that you have a five-drive array on which you intend to store four values: The numbers 172, 106, 240, and 156. For the pur- pose of this example, the RAID controller stores the value 172 as the binary number 10101100 on disk 1 of the array, the value 106 as the binary number 01101010 on disk 2, and so on as shown in the table "Error Detection: Bit by Bit" at right. When our four values have been written to disks 1 through 4, the RAID controller examines the sum of each bit position. If the sum of the num- bers of bit position x on disks 1 through 4 is an odd number, then the value of that bit posi- tion on disk 5 is assigned a 1; if the sum is an even number, the bit position on disk 5 is assigned a 0. Now assume that disk 2 fails. The RAID controller can no longer seethe value at bit 7 on disk 2. However, the controller knows that its value can be only a or a 1. And as disks 1, 3, 4, and 5 are still operating, the controller can perform the following calculation: 1 + ? + 1 + 1 = an odd number. Since 1 + (0) + 1 + 1 = an odd number (3), the missing value on disk 2 must be 0. The RAID controller then performs the same cal- culation for the remaining bit positions. In this way, data miss- ingdu etoa drive 1 Failure is rebuilt ERROR DETECTION : BIT BY BIT A RAID controller examines the sum of each bit position to assign an even or ar odd number to disk 5. If a disk fails, it assigns a or a 1 to the missing value and performs a simple calcula- tion. It repeats this process across each bit position, rebuilding the data as it goes. CONTENTS ON DISK: BIT 7 BIT 6 BIT 5 BIT 4 BIT 3 BIT 2 BIT1 BITO Disk 1 172 1 1 1 1 Disk 2 106 1 1 1 1 Disk3 240 1 1 1 1 Disk 4 156 1 1 1 1 1 Sum odd even even even odd even odd even Disk 5 (parity) 1 1 1 250 BYTE/NSTL .AB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 bays, making them somewhat awkward to put in and pull out. The Raca-Ray does not sup- port a spare drive, but it does have a user-friendly monitor- ing utility called Raca-Lert for Windows (see "Honorable Mentions" on page 259). You can also expand this product to a three-rank unit for a total of 15 drives. The Enterprise E-8 PCI from Mega Drive Systems is an attractively priced unit with good performance, features, and usability. The Enterprise is designed to let you mix and match different types of stor- age media, including half- and full-height drives, half-height optical drives, and half-height DAT (digital audiotape) mod- ules. (Mega Drive reports that a popular configuration with its customers is an array with two mirrored full-height 9-GB drives.) The Enterprise has a dual-channel Mylex PCI con- troller with an HRI (Hardware RAID Controller Interface), which reports fan and power- supply failures to the file server. Our one complaint was due to the flimsiness of the door on the Enterprise's drive bays. Because the door dou- bles as drive tracks when you push the drives into the enclo- sure, its design sometimes made it difficult for us to seat drives properly. According to a company representative, Mega Drive has already re- tooled to correct this glitch. Placing fourth and fifth, with nearly identical overall scores, were the CR12- RAID by Con- ner Storage Sys- tems and the FlashDisk SCSI by Winchester Systems. The CR12-RAID uses a dual-channel controller, supports redundant hot-swap- pable drives, power supplies, and fans, and can be config- ured with up to 12 drives. It also has graphical monitoring utilities for NT and NetWare and a five-year warranty on both its drives and subsystem. BYTE BEST DISK ARRAYS In a class all its own ... BEST OVERALL Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem ^_*3 The Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem was the clear winner in e§§S~^TiA this category. Its fast performance and wide range o f features, including \*ju£j^ redundant and hot-swappable drives, power supplies, fans, a sixth drive for ^PSS^R a hot spare, and a write cache with battery backup, placed it well above the *^* other subsystems. Its Online Management Utility for Windows NT provides an exact and readable status during a drive failure and rebuild operation. OVERALL PERFORMANCE INDEX BEST DEC StorageWorks RAID Array 230 RUNNER-UP Mega Drive Enterprise E-8 PCI RUNNER-UP Storage Solutions Raca-Ray CM2+ RUNNER-UP Conner CR12-RAID RUNNER-UP Winchester Systems FlashDisk SCSI $19,737 EVALUATION SINGLE- MULTI- PRICE SCORE FEATURES USABILITY OVERALL THREAD THREAD $12,183 7.97 AAAA AAAA 7.61 7.77 7.45 $11,900 7.06 AAA AAAA 6.28 7.60 4.96 $13,595 7.05 AA AAA 7.17 6.08 8.26 $16,593 6.56 AAA AAA 5.47 4.69 6.26 $19,737 6.55 AAA AA 6.18 6.11 6.26 Riding high on vaiwMG LOW-COST Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem With its test-configuration price of $12,183, the Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem is an excellent value. For this price, you get five drives and a sixth spare drive, a second power supply and fan, battery-protected write cache, monitoring utilities for Windows NT and NetWare, a one-year on-site warranty and a five-year warranty on the disk drives. Offering many of the same features is the $11,900 Mega Drive Enterprise E-8 PCI. The Enterprise has a standard two-year warranty and comes shipped with a DAT (digital audiotape) drive module in addition to its five-drive array and one spare drive. BEST DEC StorageWorks RAID Array 230 RUNNER-UP Mega Drive Enterprise E-8 PCI RUNNER-UP Procom LANForce-5 RUNNER-UP Raidtec FlexArray FX RUNNER-UP DPT SmartRAID Subsystem OVERALL EVALUATION PERF0RMANC E INDEX SINGLE- MULTI- PRICE SCORE FEATURES USABILITY OVERALL THREAD THREAD $12,183 7.97 ▲▲▲▲ AAAA 7.61 7.77 7.45 $11,900 7.06 ▲▲▲ AAAA 6.28 7.60 4.96 $10,255 5.97 ▲▲▲ AAAA 3.91 4.67 3.15 $11,195 5.61 A AAAA 4.24 4.34 4.14 $12,615 4.94 AA AAAA 2.08 2.59 1.57 The Winchester FlashDisk SCSI offered better overall per- formance than the CR1 2-RAID but is priced considerably higher than the other top five subsystems. The FlashDisk is sold in configurations with up to 1 28 GB of storage capacity. If you're on a budget, two of our previously mentioned winners — the Digital Storage- Works and the Mega Drive Enterprise — are priced a I under $13,000. At $10,255, Procom Technology's LANForce-5 was the lowest-priced unit tested here. The LANForce-5 offers full redundancy and hot- swapping components — drives, power supplies, fans, and con- trollers, as well as a sixth drive for a hot spare — but its perfor- mance was below average. The company reports that a new high-performance controller will be available for this prod- uct this summer. In analyzing the perfor- mance of these subsystems, it's apparent that RAID controllers play a major role. Three of the top-ranked arrays — Digital, Mega Drive, and Conner — use various models of controller from Mylex. It's interesting to note that write-caching didn't determine who made our top- five list. As neither the Raca- Ray nor the CR1 2-RAID had battery backups, their perfor- mance scores were based on their "write-cache off results, and both still made the grade. As for reliability, participating KEY Ratings from lto 4: A is the lowest; AAAA is the highest. vendors quoted the MTBF (mean time between failures) of the individual drives in these arrays as ranging from 500,000 to 1,000,000 hours. All the arrays we tested successfully withstood a simulated single- drive failure. Our tests did not measure the relative drop in performance that these arrays would experience while in rebuild mode (also known as degraded mode). On many arrays, when configuring the array, you can determine the rate of rebuild; the faster the rebuild, the more current server performance is slowed. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT 251 Best for Database Servers Database servers are the computer workhorses of many organizations. Whether you're running an order-entry application in a manufacturing facility or trying to do inventory control for a supermarket, you need disk stor- age that's big, fast, and reliable. We analyzed our benchmark scores to determine which of the 16 products tested perform best when connected to a database server. Our benchmark recorded the minimum, maximum, and average time it took to perform random and sequential reads and writes at various points in the array. Using the average times, we calculated scores that reflect how fast the disk arrays performed relative to one another. Our tests simulate two types of environments: single-thread and multithread, which approx- imate single- and multiuser workloads. When calculating scores, Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem TOP DIGITAL STORAGEWORKS RAID ARRAY 230 SUBSYSTEM The Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem was fastest in tests that simulate a database environment. The StorageWorks' performance was the best of the arrays in our single-task tests and second-best in our multitasking tests. The Raca-Ray CM2+ from Storage Solutions was the fastest array at handling multiple processes, but it ranked fifth in single-task speed. DEC StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Storage Solutions Raca-Ray CM2+ Mega Drive Enterprise E-8 PCI StorageTek Nordique Open Storage Facility Winchester Systems Flash Disk SCSI Key: Ratings from 1 to 4: A is the lowest; ▲▲▲▲ is the highest. OVERALL EVALUATION PERFORMANCE INDEX SINGLE- MULTI- PRICE SCORE FEATURES USABILITY OVERALL THREAD THREAD $12,183 8.62 ▲▲▲▲ AAAA 8.91 8.76 9.06 $13,595 7.36 ▲▲ AAA 7.78 5.91 9.66 $11,900 7.34 ▲▲▲ AAAA 6.83 8.41 5.26 $27,000 6.82 ▲▲▲▲ AAAA 5.17 4.78 5.56 $19,737 6.81 ▲AA AA 6.72 6.64 6.79 we gave more weight to sequential opera- tions than to random ones to reflect the importance of such tasks as reading in a large data file or loading an executable file. Digital Equipment's StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem had the best overall performance and the best single- thread performance in this category. Storage Solutions' Raca-Ray and the Mega Drive Enterprise came in second and third, respectively. On nearly every multithread task, the Raca-Ray's score was the fastest. As in its overall score, the Enterprise handled single-thread tasks much better than multithread ones. In fourth place was the Nordique Open Storage Facility by StorageTek Distrib- uted Systems. The Nordique is sold as a stand-alone or as a component of the Nordique 9100, a modular RAID 5 sys- tem for users downsizing from a main- frame to a Unix or PC network. The Nordique was the slowest and most expensive subsystem of the top five, but its features and usability allowed it to edge out the faster Winchester FlaskDisk SCSI. Data is protected by redundant and hot-swappable drives, power supplies, fans, and controllers. The Nordique also offers battery backup and support for a hot spare. FILE SERVERS WITH RAID K you're in the market for a new file server and a disk array, you might consider a file server with a built-in array. We looked at two: the AST Manhattan P Series 5090 and the Compaq ProLiant 2000 M4200A. The AST Research ((714) 727-4141) Manhattan is a 90-MHz Pentium EISA/PCI (peripheral component interconnect) bus server that uses the DPT SmartRAID PM3224 PCI controller. The DPT controller has a graphical configuration utility called Storage Man- ager, which also handles event logging and user notification of error conditions. The AST Manhattan ships with Percepta, a server manager and monitoring utility for Windows NT or NetWare. The status of the disk array can be monitored from Percepta, which uses SNMP traps to hook DPT's Storage Manager. SmartRAID sup- ports RAID 0, 1, and 5, a maximum cache of 64 MB, and hot swap- ping of drives. The AST Manhattan we tested was shipped with five 2-GB Quantum Empire Series 2100S hard drives and a CD-ROM drive. The price of the tested unit is $15,396. The Compaq Computer ((713) 374-0484) ProLiant has dual Pen- tium 90-MHz CPUs and an EISA/PCI bus, and it uses the Compaq Smart SCSI Array Controller. Our test unit had five 2.1-GB Conner C2490A drives, which can be accessed from the server's front door, and a CD-ROM drive. The front door has an internal temper- ature monitor and a keylock for security. Drives are hot-pluggable, and the system supports seven half-height drives for a total of 14.7 GB. The array is configured via SmartStart, Compaq's CD-ROM- based configuration utility. The price of the unit we tested is $24,880 (the Compaq 1024 monitor is priced separately at $369). We configured the disk system in each file server as a RAID 5 array of three 2-GB drives and installed Windows NT 3.5 on one of the remaining 2-GB drives as a boot drive. We ran our performance benchmarks on the file servers to determine how they performed rel- ative to one another. In the configuration tested, the Compaq ProLiant was consis- tently faster than the AST Manhattan. Had the ProLiant been tested with the subsystems, it would have ranked approximately sixth in overall performance and about fourth in database performance, but it was composed of three instead of five drives. File Server Performance Audio/Video score Database score Overall score 12 3 4 5 6 7 □ Compaq ProLiant 2000 (T~] AST Manhattan We ran our performance tests on the file servers to determine how they performed relative to one another. 252 BYTE/NSTL I^AB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 ^ ^ o I anasomc. th e new sfc uLti media If you're thinking about buying a DQCkUp storage device, think tWJCG. PowerDrive 2 gives you uOtil a rewritable optical disk — and CD-ROM in one drive. It even reads and writes like a hard drive. If you're thinking CD-ROM capabilities, think 2X, And 4X. PowerDrive 2 reads both existing and emerging titles. If you're thinking compatibility options, PowerDrive 2 gives you tWO of those as well. Its internal or external drive easily connects to any PC or Mac. PowerDrive 2 from Panasonic. It will change the way you look at multimedia storage, forever* For more information on the new Panasonic PowerDrive 2 , call 1-800-742-8086, and ask for ext. PD. All other brand and company/product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies. Panasonic Communications & Systems Company Circle 79 on Inquiry Card. How We Tested We invited each vendor to sup- ply a disk array subsystem with five drives that have a total capacity of 10 to 12 GB, configured as a RAID 5 array. Although it wasn't required of them, some ven- dors also supplied a sixth drive to act as a hot spare. We specified that the sub- system's interface to the host be SCSI-2 Fast/Wide. Of the 16 products tested, 10 had RAID controllers built into their enclosures; eight of these products sup- ported a SCSI-2 Fast/Wide single-ended termination and the other two supported differential termination. To connect the single-ended subsystems, we installed an Adaptec AHA-2940W PCI-to-Wide SCSI adapter in our test file server. To connect the differential products, we installed an NCR 825 ID PCI SCSI adapter. The remaining six arrays shipped with their own RAID controller boards, which doubled as host adapters for these products. We used a Dell PowerEdge SP590-2 system as our file server. The PowerEdge is a Pentium 90-MHz-based EISA server with two PCI (peripheral component interconnect) slots. Microsoft Windows NT 3.5 Workstation was installed on the boot drive of the Dell. We evaluated each product's performance, usability, and features, and the test results were weight- ed as follows: 50 percent, 25 percent, and 25 percent, respectively. PERFORMANCE We connected each disk array we were testing to the file server using the appropriate host adapter. We then for- matted the array under NT as a single drive using the NTFS (NT File System) format. We ran a suite of performance tests under NT with the array's write- back cache off and then on (if both states were supported and could be toggled by the end user). The performance suite simulates tasks that a disk array subsystem would per- form in a real-world environment. Random and sequential reads and writes of 4-, 16-, and 64-KB blocks were per- formed at different locations on the array in a single-thread and a multithread environment. Except for the tests that read or wrote over the disk array, we set the number of blocks per segment so that the total size of the region under test was 128MB. PERFORMANCE SCORING We recorded test results as the average, minimum, and maximum time (in sec- onds) required to complete each test. The average and maximum times gave per- formance scores; minimum times were for reference only. A product's score is relative to how it performed compared to the other products. Each product's Best for Database Servers score is a weighted average of the single-thread and multithread "average" recorded times. The Best for Audio/Video score is a weighted average of the single-thread and multithread "maximum" recorded times. The Best Overall score is an average of the database and audio/video scores. We used a product's "cache-on" times if the product was supplied with a battery-secured write cache; otherwise, we used the "cache-off times. FEATURES We evaluated each product on its cost per MB of storage, warranty length and coverage, redundant and hot-swappabJe components, as well as alarms, security features, and maximum storage capacity. USABILITY We evaluated each product's ease of set- up and configuration and the complete- ness and clarity of the user's manuals. We simulated a single-drive failure, ver- ified that the file server could continue to operate normally, and evaluated the ease of performing a rebuild of the array. Contributors Michele Guy, Project Manager/ NSTL, has been testing hardware and software products for NSTL for the past four years. Kathleen Bishop, R&D/NSTL, has eight years of fi&D experience in the computer industry. Bruce Levy, Ph.D., Manager, R&D/NSTL. The Lab Report is an ongoing collaborative project between BYTE magazine and National Software Testing Laboratories (NSTL). BYTE magazine and NSTL are both operating units of McGraw-Hill. Inc. Contact the NSTL staff on the Internet at editors@nstl.com or by phone at (6 JO) 941-9600. Contact BYTE on the Internet or BIX at editors@bix.com or at (603) 924-2624. RAID ADVISORY BOARD The RAID Advisory Board is an organization dedicated to advancing the use and awareness of RAID and associated storage technologies. Started in 1992, RAB states its main goals as education, standardization, and certification. As a forum for discussion on developments in the storage-technology industries, RAB recently sponsored RAID '95, a conference held in San Jose, California. During the four- day event, attendees could take a course on RAID basics, learn about the latest busi- ness and technical issues, and hear discussions about pre- dicted future trends. Among the conference speakers was Garth Gibson, one of the three original researchers responsible for proposing RAID technology. Joe Molina, chainnan of RAB, reported that one of this year's hot topics was adaptive RAID, a technology in which there is no predefined RAID; instead, the RAID subsystem makes this decision for the user, based on patterns of data use. Another hot topic was integration — that is, RAID subsystems that incorporate other types of storage media, such as tape and CD-ROM, and that utilize hierarchical storage management (e.g., automatically migrating older data off a hard drive and onto a tape jukebox). Molina predicted that by the year 2000, almost all systems will have RAID, except notebooks and low-end stand-alones. PCMCIA RAID will become a reality, as will support for interfaces other than SCSI, such as fiber channel and arbitrated loop. (Currently, about 90 percent of RAID products are SCSI-based.) Also by the year 2000, today's cost of about $2 per megabyte with RAID should decrease to about 25 cents per megabyte. Molina agreed that while vendors may find it difficult to make money in this kind of market, users will benefit, and there will be plenty of RAID products to choose from. RAB For more information on the RAID Advisory Board, contact: Joe Molina, Chairman RAID Advisory Board 13 Marie Lane St Peter, MN 56082 (507) 931-0967 fax:(507)931-0976 0004706032@mcimail.com 254 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 Make sure your data L\-i is fast and secure! You might not know how valuable your data is until it is no longer available, or even worse, it has been lost forever. If such an event were to occur, it will take valuable man-hours to restore the data, if possible, and cost your business countless dollars. This is why you should invest in a data secure, high availability system, before it is too late! SOLIDdiskRAID High Performance Systems leaves no room for error. SOLIDdisk RAID offers a fully redundant fault-tolerant solution, as well as the ability to have your data available continuously. This is accomplished since all of the parts, hard disks, power supplies, controllers, and ventilators, are fully redundant, andean be exchanged during operation in case a defect occurs. The SOLIDdisk RAID Sy- stem is a true hot swap unit. There is no down-time, no tools required, and best of all, no cost to you! There is only one way to guarantee data security, a SOLIDdisk RAID System! Facts: Transfer rate 20 MB/s (100 MB/s in the future). Up to 80 GB/ unit. Max. 128 MB cache. Single or dual processor cache system. RAID levels 0, 1 , 3 and 5. MTBDL more than 4 Mio. hours (500 years). Supported computer systems: SUN SPARC, IBM RS/6000, Novell NetWare, HP9000/800/900, Apple, SGI, Motorola, DEC-VAX, ALPHA. Europe: Tel. ++49-89-31 57 19 60 Fax ++49-89-315 16 94 Distributors: USA: DICKENS DATA SYSTEMS • Tel: 1-800-448-6177 ■ Fax: 1-404-442-7525 AUSTRIA: INFORMATION STORAGE • Tel: ++43-223 1-66416-0 ■ Fax: ++43-2231-66416-6 BENELUX : AVANCE • Tel : ++31-3480-30688 • Fax: ++31-3480-30232 INFORMATION STORAGE USA: Tel. 1-800-784-RAID Internet: http://www. solidinfo.com BENELUX : AXIO • Tel : ++3 1-2155-1 1144 • Fax: ++3 1-2155-26580 SWITZERLAND: SOLID COMPUTER • Tel: ++41-56-701230 • Fax: ++41-56-713069 CZECH. REP.: SOLID COMPUTER • Tel: ++42-2-436991 ■ Fax: ++42-2-434621 Circle 109 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 110). Best for Audio/Video The sound and video files used in multimedia applications tend to be large, gobbling up disk stor- age and placing heavy demands on disk I/O. RAID subsystems can pro- vide the disk capacity and performance required for these applications. To determine which RAID array would perform best in an audio/video envi- ronment, we looked at the maximum recorded times of each subsystem for each test in our per- formance bench- mark. We used the maximum recorded Array placed first. Although it was only the third-fastest, the StorageWorks' fea- tures and usability made the difference. The speed demon of this group was MicroNet Technology's RAIDbank Plus for PCI. The RAIDbank, which uses a dual-channel Mylex controller, had the best performance overall and fast speeds in the multithread tests. The RAIDbank features redundant and hot-swappable drives, power supplies, and a hot spare. When configuring this subsystem, we took advantage of MicroNet's walk- through service, available to all new RAIDbank users (see "Honorable Men- tions" on page 259). The RAIDbank's NT Adapter Monitor utility needs work; it did not issue an alert during our sin- gle-drive failure test. However, the Administration utility correctly detected the RAID's status as "critical," and an automatic rebuild took place as expected. The Conner CR12-RAID and Mega Drive Systems' Enterprise E-8 PCI arrays were tied for third. The CR12-RAID per- formed multithread tasks faster than it did single-thread tasks, and the Enter- prise handled single processes better. The Storage Solutions' Raca-Ray CM2+ was ranked fourth. It performed single-thread and multithread tasks at about the same speed. Digital StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem times, because when looking for disk storage for audio/video applications, you want a system with the least amount of slow I/O. For example, a disk array that was relatively fast, on average, but had several slow results on read tests might, in a real-world environment, result in video clips that would run correctly and then "freeze" at certain points before resuming. The result would be similar to pressing the pause button on your VCR every 10 seconds or so while trying to watch a movie. Once again, the Digital StorageWorks ^^| DIGITAL STORAGEWORKS RAID ARRAY 230 SUBSYSTEM Vy^5 Even though the StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem only ranked third in our audio/video bench- ^^^gft marks, it was still the best overall product in features and usability compared to the other prod- ucts we tested. Except for Storage Solutions' Raca-Ray CM2+, the other top-five products were either very fast in our multitasking tests— such as the RAIDbank Plus for PCI from MicroNet Technology— or fast h our single-task tests, but not both. DEC StorageWorks RAID Array 230 MicroNet RAIDbank Plus for PCI Conner CR12-RAID Mega Drive Enterprise E-8 PCI Storage Solutions Raca-Ray CM2+ OVERALL EVALUATION PERFORMANCE INDEX SINGLE- MULTI- PRICE SCORE FEATURES USABILITY OVERALL THREAD THREAD $12,183 7.32 AAAA AAAA 6.31 6.78 5.85 $16,395 6.85 AA AA 7.22 5.14 9.30 $16,593 6.79 AAA AAA 5.95 4.12 7.79 $11,900 6.79 AAA AAAA 5.72 6.79 4.66 $13,595 6.74 AA AAA 6.55 6.25 6.85 Key: Ratings from 1 to 4: A is the lowest; AAAA is the highest. SOFTWARE RAID SOLUTIONS Although the focus of our tests was hardware-based RAID (i.e., subsystems that use a dedicated RAID controller), if you've already invested in storage and don't have $10,000 or so to spend on a RAID subsystem, there are many software applications on the market that let you configure your existing disk storage as a RAID array. These software programs perform RAID calculations with the help of your server's CPU rather than relying on a ded- icated RAID controller. For a NetWare environment: Corel ((613) 728-8200; fax (613) 728-9790) offers Corel SCSI Network Manager with CorelRAID 2.0 for $595. CorelRAID uses either RAID 4 or 5, can support a max- imum of 16 drives, and supports the hot swapping of drives and a hot spare. Under NetWare, you can define users and groups to receive messages if a drive failure occurs. To use CorelRAID, you need a PC-compatible 386 server running NetWare 3.1x or high- er, 4 MB of RAM, three SCSI hard drives, and a SCSI host adapter with ASPI (advanced SCSI programming interface). For an OS/2 environment. Cyranex ((613) 738-3864; fax (613) 738-3871), formerly Pro Engineering, offers two software RAID packages for OS/2: EZRAID Pro for $795 or EZRAID Lite for $195. You can use EZRAID Pro with OS/2 version 2 or higher; it will work with SCSI, IDE, ESDI, and other types of hard drives and host adapters, although Cyranex recommends using SCSI devices. You can mix different drive types and host adapters within the same array. A minimum of two hard drives is required. EZRAID Pro supports RAID 0, 1, 4, or 5, supports hot sparing, and has a Software from Corel, Cyranex, and Veritas offers an inexpensive RAID alternative. remote failure notification utility and performance monitor. EZRAID Lite is designed to be used with OS/2 desktop systems only and supports RAID and 1. It also supports hot sparing and comes with a performance monitor utility. For a Unix environment: Veritas Software ((415) 335-8000; fax (415) 335-8050) offers VxVM (Veritas Volume Manager) 2.0, which supports RAID 0, 1, and 5 with hot spare drives. VxVM 2.0 has a GUI for such on-line disk administration tasks as mon- itoring disk usage and fine-tuning to handle I/O bottlenecks. VxVM costs $1500 for desktop systems and starts at $3500 for desktop servers. 256 BYTE/NSTL EAB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 With p c ? Lightning does strike twice! Combine DPT's PCI SCSI performance with the power of your Pentium, and watch your system sizzle. Of course you can install your DPT PCI SCSI adapters with confidence be- cause they are fully compatible with the latest version of the PCI specification, and we have tested compatibility with thousands of products and operating systems. 10 Bench™ PCI SCSI Host Adapter Performance Bj=i_ Random Writes ■■■■■►83% Faster __________ ■■■■■►80% Faster Bt i ■ ►57% Faster ■ DPTPM2Q24-0MB Competitor "A" j ■M>50% Faster SOUWs lOMKBfc 1500KB* ^-" "■ For even faster performance, you can easily add hardware caching and RAID support with optional plug-on modules. MUi'fiSM'T NetWare WIMXAV3 Tested ord ('(A1i',\riK£ Approved Installation couldn't be easier: all DPT PCI SCSI Adapters are Plug-and-Play ready and come complete with Storage Manager* DPT's award-winning setup and maintenance software. Order a DPT PCI SCSI Adapter today and find out for yourself just how fast lightning really is. 1-800-322-4378 HDPT Distributed Processing Technology 140 Candace Drive, Maitland, FL 32751 Circle 67 on Inquiry Card. Jur storage devices can endure long hours, natural disasters, and other forms of abuse. I /\of unfifee a day at the office. I The DE 100 "is a removable With room for three I" SCSI disk! tape subsystem that allows »&*.-* disk or tape Mam I^IPBLj' drives, the DS300 WM model is " iinJ .stnrc data. It's compatible with an ' ■■ the most compact extensive variety uj standard removable storage subsystem SCSI or IDFJFJDE drives. available on the market today. The DS500'" is an external rack mount that houses nine half- height bays, \ allows users . to integrate any SCSI peripheral combination, and includes up to two 300-ivatt power supplies. . > ,; f:i:i:tH An ideal storage * chassis for work- stations, network servers , and PCs , the DS 100 pro- vides jlexihility W^ ]or users to mix and match up to four SCSI peripherals. When it comes to protecting valuable data, only Kingston's rugged storage devices have shown they can brave the elements. Though they were designed to perform in the most demanding commercial environments, they're also tough enough to sur- vive in army bunkers, submarines, and even in spacecraft. Our Data Silo® enclosures and Data Express'" removables are con- structed of rugged steel with a carefully designed and tested ventilation system for cooling today's high-performance drives. Used in computer rooms, workstations, and network servers, they support more SCSI connections and have more options than any other storage subsystem on the market. If that doesn't impress you, our unbeatable five-year warranty will. So call Kingston or your nearest dealer for more information. Because in the world of storage systems, only the strong survive. Kingston Am. TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION Call (800) 435-0670 or find us at hi tp://\vw\v.kingston.com Kingston Technology Corporation, 17600 Ncwhope Street, Founmin Viitley. CA 92708 USA, (714) 438-1850, Fax (714) 4 18-1847. © l l )^5 Kingston Technology Corporation. Kingston Technology is a rcfjisiiTcd trademark ol Kingston Technology Corporation. All rights romvd. Circle 72 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 73). HONORABLE MENTIONS ArteCOII's line of Lynx products offers what it calls "100 Percent Investment Protection." You can start with a single-drive storage unit, move up to a stacked, multidisk configuration by interlocking individual storage units, and then graduate to a RAID tower by keeping the existing drive storage units and adding a RAID controller subsystem. Raca-Lert for WindOWS is an optional monitoring utility for the Storage Solutions Raca-Ray CM2+. Its graphical design makes it easy to detect a drive failure and begin the reconstruction procedure. With a modem connected to the Raca-Ray's second serial port, Raca-Lert can dial an emergency number to a tone pager, or it can dial a fax machine if a fax modem is attached. MicroNet Technology offers a unique service to all its new RAID customers: the name and number of a technician who will walk you through the installation of your subsystem. No fumbling around with a user's manual or searching for the technical-support number. The Clariion C1300 and the StorageTek Nordique Open Storage Facility offered the highest level of protection against data loss — both include redundant drives, two power supplies, two fans, a second controller, and even a mirrored write- back cache. A copy of disk writes in cache is maintained on both controllers. I I More on the RAID Front We weren't able to test the following products, but they are worth mentioning: Ciprico's 6900 Series of disk arrays are the first such products to use the UltraSCSI interface, which can transfer data at a maximum rate of 40 MBps. The 6900 Series was designed with film, video, and medical imaging applica- tions in mind. The 6900 Series will be available in June. A nine-drive, 16-GB disk array costs $39,575. To better compete with lower-priced, single-controller RAID subsystems, Clariion began shipping its C150 single-controller product in July. The C150 costs $10,995, which includes three 2-GB drives, 8 MB of cache memory, redundant power supplies and fans, and an inter- face kit for Sun, DEC Alpha, IBM, or Intel-based PC servers. Hewlett-Packard is developing an adaptive RAID product called AutoRAID.The exact form AutoRAID will take is still under investigation. AutoRAID will dynamically adapt its algorithms to best suit the host system's data-use patterns. For example, newly written data that will probably have the most activity is stored using RAID 1 for better performance; as this data ages, it automatically migrates using RAID 5 for cost-effectiveness. The Optima HST RAID Solution from Optima Tech- nology is a RAID subsystem for NetWare and Unix applications. The Optima HST supports RAID 0, 1, and 5, up to 32 MB of cache, redundant hot-swap- pable drives and power supplies, a hot spare drive, and a SCSI-2 Fast/Wide host interface. It is avail- able in configurations ranging from 6 to 115 GB. Prices start at $9995 for the 6-GB Optima HST 6000. Xyratex, a former division of IBM located in the U.K., will begin shipping its R9000 subsystem in September. The Xyratex R9000 is a RAID subsystem for PC-compatible platforms running under a DOS, Windows, or NetWare envi- ronment. The enclosure has two integrated power supplies and fan units and supports up to seven drives. To expand it, you can add another tower for a total of 14 drives (56 GB). The R9000 supports RAID levels 0, 1, 3, and 5, and up to 64 MB of write cache. The R9000 is priced at £17,080. Ciprico, Inc. Plymouth, MN (800) 727-4669 (612) 551-4000 fax: (612) 551-4002 Clariion Westboro, MA (508) 898-7600 fax: (508) 898-7501 Hewlett-Packard Co. Santa Clara, CA (800) 752-0900 fax: (800) 333-1917 Optima Technology Corp. Irvine, CA (714) 476-0515 fax: (714) 476-0613 Xyratex Havant Hampshire, U.K. +44 1705 498851 fax: +44 1705 498853 On the RAID 0: Data is striped across drives; no data redundancy is pro- vided. RAID 1: Data redundancy is obtained by storing exact copies on mirrored pairs of drives. RAID 2: Data is striped at the bit level; multiple error-correcting disks provide redundancy; not a com- mercially implemented RAID level. RAID 3: Data is striped at the byte level, and one drive is set aside for parity information. RAID 4: Data is striped in blocks, and one drive is set aside for parity information. RAID 5: Data is striped in blocks, and parity information is rotated among all drives on the array. HELPFUL HINTS • Remember to back up regularly. The RAID 5 configurations used here won't protect you in the unlikely event of more than one drive failing. • If you do invest in a RAID subsystem, you should go through a "dry run" of a single-drive failure before bringing the subsystem on-line. That way, you'll know ahead of time how to handle this situation. Make sure rebuild instructions and your vendor's technical-support numbers are posted near the array. • Consider configuring your array with drives from several dif- ferent manufacturers to reduce the risk of multiple drive failures. (One reason the drive makers quote overly optimistic MTBF [mean time between failure] rates in a RAID environment is that the drives in an array are likely to be from the same assembly-line batch; thus, when one drive fails, the others, being of the same age and manufacture, are likely to fail at or near the same time). • The cable and terminator pins in the SCSI-2 Fast/Wide interface bend easily. Take care when connecting and disconnecting these devices. • Finally, don't forget to have a spare drive on hand. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT 259 ROLL CALL OF DISK ARRAYS TESTED FEATURES MANUFACTURER MODEL PRICE AS TESTED ' PERFORMANCE HOST ADAPTER AS TESTED HARD DRIVE SINGLE-THREAD RELATIVE AVERAGE/MAX. PERFORMANCE 5 MULTITHREAD RELATIVE AVERAGE/MAX. PERFORMANCE 3 MAX. NUMBER OF DRIVES Artecon, Inc. LynxTower LX-5000T RAID Subsystem $22,995 4.41/5.33 5.74/6.45 Adaptec AHA-2940W Conner CFP2107S 7 Clariion Advanced Storage C1300 Mirrored Cache Disk Array $35,391 4.45/4.02 4.58/.66 NCR8251D Seagate Barracuda 32550N 10 Conner Storage Systems CR12-RAID $16,593 2 5.27/4.12 4.73/7.79 Mylex DAC960P2 dual- channel Conner CFP2107 12 Data Storage Marketing, Inc. HSRAID-8 $22,430 4.12/5.03 4.54/4.15 Adaptec AHA-2940W Seagate Barracuda 32550N 7 Digital Equipment Corp. StorageWorks RAID Array 230 Subsystem $12,183 2 8.76/6.78 9.06/5.85 Mylex Backplane RAID Controller with Digital firmware StorageWorks 2.1-GB Wide SWXD3-WB 7 DPT, Inc. SmartRAID Subsystem $12,615 3.96/1.23 2.51/.63 DPT PM3224/W Seagate ST12400N 6 Legacy Storage Systems, Inc. SmartArray XE $20,957 2 5.31/4.92 4.47/6.90 Mylex DAC960P 3-channel with AEMI Seagate Barracuda 32550W 12 Mega Drive Systems, Inc. Enterprise E-8 PCI $11,900 2 8.41/6.79 5.26/4.66 Mylex DAC960PD dual- channel Seagate ST12450W 14 MicroNet Technology, Inc. RAIDbank Plus for PCI RBT2PCI/RPC $1 6,395 2 4.97/5.14 4.82/9.30 Mylex DAC960P2 dual- channel Conner CFP2107E 6 Micropolis Corp. RAIDION LTX 6.3 plus LM2100 Add-On Module $15,000 5.93/2.39 2.74/2.01 Adaptec AHA-2940W Micropolis Model4221 28 Perisol Technology RaidSafe Plus 7 8MP $13,864 4.68/4.87 5.38/4.07 Adaptec AHA-2940W Quantum XP32150AL-S 7 Procom Technology, Inc. LANForce-5 $10,255 2 3.88/5.46 3.85/2.44 Adaptec AHA-2940W Seagate Barracuda 32550N 7 Raidtec Corp. FlexArray FX $11,195 4.23/4.46 2.56/5.72 Adaptec AHA-2940W Quantum XP32150 5 Storage Solutions, Inc. Raca-Ray CM2+ $13,595 $27,000 5.91/6.25 4.78/4.55 9.66/6.85 5.56/.48 Adaptec AHA-2940W NCR8251D Seagate ST32550N Seagate Barracuda ST12550N 15 StorageTek Distributed Systems Division Nordique Open Storage Facility 20 Winchester Systems, Inc. FlashDisk SCSI $19,737 6.64/5.57 6.79/5.74 Adaptec AHA-2940W Seagate Barracuda 32550 8 MANUFACTURER MODEL RECHARGEABLE BATTERY BACKUP TYPES OF SECURITY PLATFORMS SUPPORTED OSES SUPPORTED PC COMPATIBLE MAC POWERPC DOS WINDOWS 95 WINDOWS NT Artecon, Inc. LynxTower LX-5000T RAID Subsystem D t t t • t t Clariion Advanced Storage C1300 Mirrored Cache Disk Array • N t • t t Conner Storage Systems CR12-RAID E t i § Data Storage Marketing, Inc. HSRAID-8 Optional N t t t • t t Digital Equipment Corp. Storao|eWQrks RAID Array 230 Subsystem ' E t ) I t. DPT, Inc. SmartRAID Subsystem E t t t It t Legacy Storage Systems, Inc. SmartArray XE Optional E t t t It t ; Mega Drive Systems, Inc. Enterprise E-8 PCI t E t t t It t MicroNet Technology, Inc. RAIDbank Plus for PCI RBT2PCI/RRC E t It t Micropolis Corp. RAIDION LTX 6.3 plus LM2100 Add-On Module N t t t It o Perisol Technology RaidSafe Plus 7 8MP § E t § t It t ; Procom Technology, Inc. LANForce-5 t E t t t It t Raidtec Corp. FlexArray FX DE t t t It t Storage Solutions, Inc. Raca-Ray CM2+ N t t • 1 1 t t StorageTek Distributed Systems Division Nordique Open Storage Facility t N t ( ) Winchester Systems, Inc. FlashDisk SCSI t DE t • t < 1 t t y& = BYTE Best. • = yes; O = no; N/A = not applicable. Price includes five drives with 2 GB each for a total capacity of 1 GB or approximately 8 GB with parity. Price includes a sixth drive for a hot spare. Maximum performance is based on the number of transactions completed per time unit. Higher numbers indicate better performance. 4 Total tested storage capacity excludes space for parity. 260 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT SEPTEMBER 1995 TESTED/MAX. TOTAL STORAGt CAPACITY (GB) K RAID CONTROLLER STANDARD RAID LEVELS SUPPORTED RELIABILITY REDUNDANT COMPONENTS H0T-SWAPPABLE COMPONENTS AUTOMATIC REBUILD SUPPORTED HOT SPARE SUPPORTED TYPES OF ALARMS SUPPORTED 8.4/28 CMD CRD-5000 0,3,5 DPF DPF t VA 8/32 Clariion Proprietary 0,1,3,5 DPFC DPFC t VR 8/24 Mylex DAC960P2 dual-channel 0,1,5 DPF DPF VAR 8.4/12.6 CMD CRD-5000 0,3,5 DPF DPF • VA 8.4/25.2 Mylex Backplane RAID Controller with Digital firmware 0,1,5 DPF DPF t VR 8.4/26 DPT PM3224/W 0,1,5 DPF DPF • VA 8.4/48 10.5/30 8.4/24 8.4/56.7 Mylex DAC960P 3-channel withAEMI Mylex DAC960PD dual-channel Mylex DAC960P2 dual-channel Micropolis GANDIVA 0,1,5 0,1,5 0,1,5 DPF DPF DPF DP DPF DP DPF • t t t VAR VAR VR 0,1,5 DPF VA 8.4/12.6 8.4/24.8 8.4/22 8.4/78 8.4/32 8.6/34.4 CMD CRD-5000 CMD CRD-5000 Raidtec RUAC-II 0,3,5 DPFC DP DPFC DP D DPFC DPF • • • t • § VAR 0,3,5 DPFC VAR 0, 1, 3, 5 DPFC VAR On-board Intel 960A RISC processor 0, 1, 3, 5 DPF DPFC DPF VAR AMD 29000 FlashDisk SCSI 0,1,3,5 0, 1, 3, 5 V VAR Components - . D = drive P = power supply F = fan C = controller Types of alarms: V = visual A = audible R = remote ypes of security: D = drives N = none E = enclosure TOLL-FREE PHONE PHONE (800) 872-2783 800) 672-7729 ;800) 724-3511 ;800) 543-6098 ;800) 786-7967 ;800} 322-4378 £00) 966-6442 ;800) 404-6342 ;800) 800-3475 800) 395-3748 ;800) 447-8226 ;800) 800-8600 N/A [800) 745-5508 ;800) 325-3700 Warranty: P = parts L = labor F = freight to repair center Ft = return to customer (619)931-5500 (508) 898-6775 (407)263-3500 (303) 442-4747 (508)841-7000 (407) 830-5522 ■ (508)681-8400 ON-LINE ADDRESS service@artecon.com http://www.dg.com raid.support@conner.com N/A N/A INQUIRY NUMBER 1396 1397 1398 1399 1400 http://www.dpt.com 1401 N/A 1402 (310) 247-0006 labarta @ u u 1 2 1 . megadnve.com 1403 (714)453-6100 MicroNet@aol.com 1404 (818) 709-3300 http://www.microp.com 1405 (408)738-1311 sales@perisol.com 1406 (714)852-1000x414 http://www.procom.com 1407 (404) 664-6066 raidtec@interramp.com 1408 (203) 325-0035 inlo@ssi.mhs.compuserve.com 1409 2443 (708)434-1200 http://www.stortek.com 1410 (617)933-8500 info@winsys.com 1411 SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE/NSTL LAB REPORT 261 'B oversee a ,km v. ■ ,■■■ f)> <:J A * r; ' £/■■■ w ?5. #24 million budget and support 2400 users. ^^ Every month Byte helps me luate products & technologies that keep ii A National Life of the productivity ah e a technology » curve. " Name: Skip^i Title: VP Product Admin Company! BYTE Render stensen tration Systems urance Company $2 4 million 9+ years mm __ First POWfifPCS JL# YTE readers set the agenda for V^^ corporate Apple's Po wo r Macintosh ond T /- /-p i i i T~*1 ■ 1 1 1 leM'sPowcrporso^sy^ms lntormation lechnology purchases. 1 heir recommendations can ^Kr^KF take your products to the top - or leave them at the door. Why? Because Byte readers are the technology experts. They define the short list. They specify brands. They tell the buyers what to buy. Want to get your product in front of Skip? Advertise in BYTE. And reach more than a half-million technology experts who drive the IT buy. I 'I J I 3 Because the Exper ts Decide, Sec for Yourself: To find out more about the buying power of BYTE readers, call 603-924-2618 and ask to see our Information Technology Buying Process video. BYTE, One Phoenix Mill Lane; Peterborough, NH 03458. CPU Wars: Should you moie frmaCtSCtoRISC? Intel pushes the 80*86 envelope __ CPUs CORE TECHNOLOGIES Endian Issues By supporting two memory-addressing modes, the PowerPC can run any OS or application WILLIAM STALLINGS One of the annoying but important differences among processors is the way they store data in memory. Most processors use one of two data-organiza- tion strategies, known as big-endian and little-endian, which are described in detail below. (The term endian is derived from a passage in Jonathan Swift's Gullivers Travels) Some machines, such as VAXes and systems based on the Intel x86 or the Pentium, are little-endian machines; others, such as the IBM System 370, machines based on the Motorola 680x0, and most RISC machines, are big-endian. The differences between these strategies are relatively minor in terms of performance and efficiency. However, programmers and users alike need to be aware of endian- ness, because data ordered in one format isn't compatible with data ordered in the other. This isn't a problem when dissimilar platforms operate autonomously. But in a net- worked environment that encourages program portabil- ity and data interchange across platforms, this can create problems. Byte-Ordering Endianness has to do with the byte-ordering of multibyte scalar values. The concept arises when it becomes neces- sary to treat a multiple-byte entity as a single data item with a single address, even though it's composed of smaller, ad- dressable units. When a programmer assumes a specific endian format and attempts to manipulate the individual bytes or bits within a range of multibyte scalar values, problems can occur. The following description of endian byte-ordering il- lustrates such a dilemma. Suppose you have the 32-bit hexadecimal value 12345678 stored as a 32-bit word in byte-addressable memory at byte location 1 84. The value consists of 4 bytes, with the least significant byte con- taining the value 78 and the most significant byte con- taining the value 1 2. There are two ways to store this val- ue: Start with value 12 in location 184, or start with value 78 in location 184. The first mapping stores the most significant byte in the lowest numeric byte address; this is known as big- endian format. The second mapping stores the least sig- nificant byte in the lowest numeric byte address; this is called little-endian format. For a given multibyte scalar value, big- and little-endian formats are byte-reversed mappings of each other. In any machine, data aggregates such as files, structures, and arrays are composed of mul- Three Memory Orders of Structure K tiple data units, each with en- dianness. Thus, the conver- sion of a memory block from one style of endianness to the other requires knowledge of the data structure. The figure "Three Mem- ory Orders of Structure K" illustrates how endianness determines addressing and byte order. The structure in the listing "A Multibyte C Data Structure" on page 264 contains several data types. The memory layout in part (a) of the figure results from compilation of that structure for a big-endian ma- chine; part (b) shows the results from compilation for a little-en- dian machine. In each case, mem- ory is treated as a series of 64- bit blocks. Several observations about this data structure can be made: • Each data item has the same address in both big- and little- endian schemes. For example, the address of the doubleword that has the hexadecimal value 545512134748BEBFis08. • Within any given multibyte scalar value, the ordering of bytes in the little-endian struc- ture is the reverse of that for the big-endian structure. • Endianness does not affect the ordering of data items with- in a structure. Thus, the four- character word x3 in the listing exhibits byte reversal, but the seven-character byte array x4 does not. Hence, the address of each individual element of x4 is the same in both structures. PowerPC Addressing Modes The PowerPC is a bi-endian pro- cessor; that is, it supports both big- and little-endian addressing modes. This bi-endian architec- ture enables software develop- ers to choose either mode when migrating OSes and applications from other machines. The OS establishes the endian mode in AA 00 04 08 oc 10 14 18 1C 20 24 AD 00 04 08 OC 10 14 18 1C 20 24 AB AC AC AB AD AA AA AB AC AD 54 48 54 55 12 47 55 BF 12 13 BE 13 47 13 BE 48 BE BF 12 55 BF 47 54 48 13 43 'E l 12 22 W 22 12 'O' 43 13 'P' .p. ■ p . 13 '0' 'O 1 12 •w ■w 22 'E' "E" 43 IR > 'FT ■p. 'P' 'C ■e 06 19 06 19 06 ~tF 19

k; doubl eword word 'C byte array halfword word location 1A. When a transfer occurs, the system must do an ad- dress unmunging and a byte transfer to convert data to the form expected by the processor. The processor generates effective ad- dresses of 1 C and 1 D for the 2 bytes. These addresses are munged (XOR with 1 10) to 1 A and IB. The data bytes are retrieved, swapped, and presented as if they were found in the unmunged addresses ID and 1C. Byte Storage The PowerPC architecture specification does not dictate how a processor should implement little-endian mode. It specifies only the view of memory that a processor has when operating in little- endian mode. When converting a data structure from big- to little- endian, the processor can either implement a true byte-swapping mechanism or use some sort of an address-modification mecha- nism. Current PowerPC processors are all big-endian by default and use address modification to treat data as little-endian. Part (c) of the figure "Three Memory Orders of Structure K" shows how memory is laid out when data is stored in little-endi- an form for current PowerPCs. This is not a true little-endian or- ganization as it is usually defined. Rather, it is designed to min- imize the data manipulation required to convert from one endian format to another. Note that 64-bit scalars are stored in the same formats on the PowerPC. To accommodate smaller scalars, a technique known as address munging is used. When the PowerPC is in little-endian mode, it transforms the 3 low-order bits of an effective address during a memory access. These 3 bits are XORed with a value that depends on the transfer size: 0x100 for 4-byte transfers, 0x1 10 for 2-byte transfers, and 0x1 1 1 for 1-byte transfers. The table "Pow- erPC Address Munging" below lists the possible combinations. For example, the 2-byte value 06 1 9 is stored at location 1C in big-endian mode. In little-endian mode, it's viewed by the pro- cessor as still being stored in location 1C, but in little-endian mode. In fact, the value is still stored in big-endian mode, but at POWERPC ADDRESS MUNGING 4-byte Transfers 2-b te Transfers 1-b te Transfers (XOR with 100) (XOR with 110) (XOR with 111) Original Munged Address Address Original Munged Address Address Original Munged Address Address 000 100 000 110 000 111 001 101 001 111 001 110 010 110 010 100 010 101 011 111 011 101 011 100 100 000 100 010 100 011 101 001 101 011 101 010 110 010 110 000 110 001 111 011 111 001 111 000 Unaligned Data This address-munging technique does not work cleanly with data that is not aligned on its natural boundary (e.g., a 4-byte value is aligned if its address is divisible by 4). When a value is un- aligned, its storage in little-endian mode might result in the val- ue being split into two noncontiguous parts. When an unaligned access is attempted in little-endian mode, an alignment interrupt occurs. This causes the processor to transfer to the system-align- ment error handler, which handles the interrupt by a series of load-and-store operations that emulate the memory access. Because of the exception processing, accessing unaligned lit- tle-endian data can seriously degrade a processor's performance. The simplest fix is to properly align little-endian data. But this might not be possible for certain processes, such as an x86 emulat- or, which accesses variable-length x86 instructions in memory. But another solution is in the works. New versions of the Pow- erPC 603 and 604 will handle misaligned little-endian accesses in hardware, and thus handle an alignment interrupt the same way as in big-endian mode. They will be able to operate in little- endian mode without incurring a performance penalty. Implications The PowerPC architecture is organized for big-endian storage and processing. It also provides a transparent method for dealing with little-endian programs and data. This enables a PowerPC processor to run a program written for little-endian memory organization simply by recompiling the application on the PowerPC, which reduces the program- porting work required. When the recompiled program is run on the PowerPC with the LE bit set, the processor's address-mapping facility makes all data structures ap- pear identical to the layout that the program saw on a little-endian machine. This ability to handle bi-endian address modes makes the PowerPC processor ideal for hosting different OSes, such as on the CHRP (Common Hardware Reference Platform). ■ William Stallings is an independent consultant. This article is based on material from his most recent book, Computer Organization and Architecture: Designing for Performance, Fourth Edition (Prentice-Hall, 1995). You can reach him on the Internet at stallings@acm.org or on BIX c/o "editors. " 264 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Imagine the First 3.5" System Independent SCSI RAID That Supports Dual Host Connectivity We Did! Introducing STACA-RAY 4 TO 60 GB Capacity S' / £3X Includes RACA-LERT" the Disk Array Monitoring/Alert Software Actual Size: 14 l/2 "(H) x 10 *• (D) x 6 5/8 "(W) Data Availability and Reliability for Your Network or Desktop Computer... Has Never Been So Affordable! SSI's STACA-RAY delivers the next generation of high performance RAID technology that provides dual host connectivity with a standby 'hot spare' drive at an affordable price. With 8 MB of cache memory which expands to 32 MB, and an optional Fast/Wide SCSI-2 interface, STACA-RAY provides the highest performance in it's class. With the 3.5" form factor, open systems SCSI-to-SCSI RAID controller module, stackable 'hot swap' redundant components like disk drives, power supplies, power cords and fans... STA CA-RAY provides all of the advantages of an expensive RAID subsystem at a low, entry-level price. Call STORAGE SOLUTIONS for More Information on Truly Affordable RAID! 1-800-745-5508 © 1995 Storage Solutions, Inc. STORAGE SOLUTIONS, INC. 550 West Avenue, Stamford, CT 06902 Circle 346 on Inquiry Card. Be lb A Buying computer products is a major commitment. A commitment of time and money. So before you jump in with both feet, make sure the relationship is going to work. Look for the NSTL Seal. National Software Testing Laboratories puts hardware and software through the most rigorous testing in the industry. Our exclusive compatibility tests, using real world equipment like yours, ensure that components will talk to each other, work together, get along great — or they can't carry the Seal. And that's true for everything from drivers and servers, to applications, adapters and printers. For more information about the NSTL Seal or a list of manufacturers who have earned it, call 800-220-NSTL or 610-941-9600. Before you walk down the aisle. BS ! Plymouth Corporate Center • 625 Ridge Pike • Conshohocken. PA 19428 • Fax: 610-941-9952 • NSTL is a division of McGraw-Hill, Inc. Circle 78 on Inquiry Card. ftni Programmii The Joy Of J One line of J can do the same work as hundreds of lines of Pascal or BASIC DICK POUNTAIN If you are involved in mathematical programming then you need to know about the J programming language. Even if you perform less abstract tasks like analyzing financial data from a corporate RDBMS (relational data- base management system), you will find J interesting. J is the modern successor to APL, a language that developed a cult following among some corporate IBM mainframe users in the 1 960s as a rapid and powerful (but cryptic) data processing tool. APL suffered from its use of an unorthodox character set (that included Greek characters, among others), which didn't sit well on ASCII text displays and keyboards. J is a truly new language by APL's author, Kenneth E. Iverson, and implemented by his son Eric and col- league Ronald Hui. It's available on a wide range of plat- forms including DOS, Windows, OS/2, Unix, and Mac- intosh. J is more than just an ASCII-fied APL, but it retains the same fundamental principles. Ironically, Win- dows and the Mac could now support APL characters, but J sticks to ASCII characters — and is the better for it. I've been using the Windows release of J version 2.05, which can be a powerful calculating engine for Visual Basic programs. The J system provides a DDE server which you can include in your VB (Visual Basic) pro- grams, allowing you do the math in J while writing the user-interface and file handling parts of your application in VB. J also comes with its own Windows-based devel- opment system so you can write stand-alone J programs that employ the Windows interface on their own account, including DDE, OLE, ODBC (Open Database Connec- tivity), VBX (Visual Basic custom controls), and all the other trimmings. J is an interpreted language, though this fact usually has little impact on J's process- ing speed. The language's primitive func- tions are written in C and are highly opti- mized. They will often run faster than the obvious equivalents you might write yourself. J employs a functional style in which expressions are evaluated from right to left. It does support dyadic oper- ators (with both left and right arguments) such as + so that arithmetic looks quite familiar. There is only one data structure in J: the array. A number like 2 is treated as an array of rank 0, and text is an array of characters. You create new named objects simply by assigning them val- ues (this includes programs). J allocates and frees memory automatically and invisibly, and the only limit on the size of an object is available memory. You could use J like a k calculator to do k statistical cluster analysis Numeric Integration A J program for performing numeric integration using Simpson's method. NB. form: verb Simpson int NB. verb is the monadic function -to be integrated. NB. int has 2 or 3 elements: NB. CO] lower bound of interval NB. [1] upper bound of interval NB. [2] number of subintervals (default 128) NB. result is the integral NB. e.g. 43.75 = A &3 Simpson 3 4 on=: 2:0 er '; 'upper' ; 'i nt ' ) = . 31. y. ,128 . (upper-1 ower)%int x . 1 ower+si ze*i . >: int * +/val * 3%~ 1 . ( (int-1 )$4 2),1 The Language The syntax of J is extremely simple and regular; all f unc- £Y\ tions have the same pri- f~~ ~ ority; parentheses are the only way to alter ex- ecution order. J's compo nents are named using terms taken from English grammar: Functions are called verbs, constants are called nouns, ad- verbs and conjunctions modify the action of verbs. In fact, J is an executable mathematical notation, and Iverson has written a series of math textbooks, up to and including vec- tor calculus, using J as the descriptive notation. The J language consists largely of 70 or so verbs. Although J has abandoned APL's hieroglyphics, its verbs still have cryptic two-character names like > . or # : . Here is a one-line program to compute Hellerman's distance- squared similarity measure for a matrix of any size : simps ( ' 1 ow si ze= val = size ) dsqt-. +/"l@*:@(-"l/~) You could be forgiven for mis- taking it for line-noise. To be fair, J doesn't have to look this scary; mean=. sum % count is a perfectly good J definition. The point is, some- one fluent in J could hack dsqt from the keyboard during an interactive session, using J like a calculator to do statistical cluster analysis. Math problems that would take hundreds of lines of Pascal or BA- SIC take one line of J. So, J is not a SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 267 CORE TECHNOLOGIES Programming language for the faint of heart. Learning the syntax and semantics of all the primitives will take time, but the reward is that you can then do extraordinarily intricate array and matrix computations that would be difficult or impossible in, say, a spreadsheet. Most of the verbs either generate arrays or perform operations on elements of arrays. You can combine primitive operations by using adverbs to form new operations. For example, i . 89 gen- erates a list of the integers up to 89, and + is the humble sum operation. The adverb / — called "insert" — causes its left argument to be inserted between the elements of its right argument. So +/ x means sum the whole list x, and hence +/ i. 89 sums all the integers up to 89. Or again, the adverb "tie" is represented by * . Its action is to combine several verbs into one (called a gerund). The gerund + ** x - when applied to 1 2 3 4 will calculate 1+2*3- 4. If you need to use such constructs more than once, you can give them a name, as in ger= where = . is just the assignment operator. To save names perma- nently, you store the text into script files, which when loaded execute as though typed from the keyboard. Unlike APL, J supports conventional control structures like if. . . then and whi 1 e. You could define factorial as: SI f actori al= a=. 1 le. y. : a = . a*; .=. y. - a whi ' do. y. end. (where y . refers to the verb's right argument), though a hard- ened J-bird would probably prefer the cryptic definition: f actori al 1: * (]*factorial@<: ) @. Actually it's pointless to do either, as factorial is a built-in primitive verb, ! . Another J innovation is the concept of a "locale," or private name space, so that mydef defined in locale A is different to my - def in locale B. Locales enable you to write modular applications while avoiding name clashes. Finally, an important (if rather unaesthetic) feature of J is the "foreign conjunction" which is the way you do system dependent, nonmathematical things. The conjunction ! : takes two numbers as left and right arguments to produce a verb which is a system call. For example, 1 ! : is the directory call, so 1 ! : ' * . txt ' will list all the text files in the current directory. This construct compounds J's unreadability, though a diligent programmer can always write a library of meaningful synonyms. Windows and J You can write J programs that fully exploit the Windows graph- ical interface (or the Mac, or OS/2, and so forth) by using verbs called wd commands (actually, wd is a friendlier synonym for 11! : 0). For example, wd 'mb "Dick says" "Hello!" ;' Del Pushbutton a j a 1; o \ \ Pushbutton E Hl This J demo program is displaying some of its own built-in controls and some external VBXs, like the graph and the spinbox. pops up a Windows message-box with title "Dick says" and content "Hello." J's inter- preted nature doesn't mean that windowing operations are slow. As with VB, when a window is open it's mostly Windows GDI (Graph- ical Device Interface) code being executed. J's Windows driver provides 10 control classes: button, edit, listbox, combobox, scrollbar, static text, isigraph, isipicture, isi- ole, and vbx. Isigraph is a graphics box, and J contains many graphics commands (e.g., gpolygon) to draw in it, while isiole is the graphical presentation for an embedded OLE object. The vbx control class allows you to add VBX controls into J programs. J can drive other windows applications via DDE links and OLE 1 linking and embedding, but it does not yet support OLE 2. J's vedi t verb let's you visually edit any parent window and its controls (i.e., by dragging with the mouse), and J's publishers have used it to good effect in writing a simple but effective forms editor supplied with J. The editor lets you build an application by choosing controls from a menu, like a mini-VB. Though J's Windows interface is powerful and well thought out, it's still easier to write complicated user interfaces using VB, and J lets you do just that. Including JDDE.FRM and JDDE.BAS in your VB project gives you a DDE link to a J server, along with an attendant API. For example, the VB routine j d o ( s $ ) executes its string argument as an expression in J, while a variety of data exchange routines will retrieve values from J and format J-style arrays in VB-style arrays. You can even make an executable version of your VB application that includes a J run-time server. Finally, J is a powerful tool for manipulat- ing numeric data held as tables in a corporate relational database. A ddsql verb lets you execute SQL statements directly from J code. Strand Software, Inc. Shorewood, MN (612) 470-7345 fax: (612) 470-9202 amfaust@aol.com The Way of J J is not a programming language that everyone will take to, but it will prove interesting and useful to more than just those confined to mathematics departments. Programmers working in such busi- ness sectors as insurance, banking, derivatives trading, and plan- ning need precisely the combination of ultrasophisticated math functionality, database connectivity, and a Windows interface that J so capably provides. ■ Dick Fountain is a BYTE contributing editor based in London, U.K. You can reach him on the Internet or BIX at dickp@bix.com. 268 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Chili fw Children C&ok-Off i c #1 b0y WMVlfWftt* you/ CfflMfoR Ctt'lbK»l Thanks again to all our 1 994 Chili for Children Cook-Off sponsors. It was the hottest cook-off yet, as your support helped raise over $500,000 for missing children. This year's event promises to be another great time for all, and while the Cook-Off is the largest event of Fall Comdex, it's sure to sell out. Reserve your sponsorship now and help make the 1995 Chili for Children Cook-Off the best ever. Call Kate Potts at Micrografx, (214) 994-6413, for details. Corporate sponsorships start at $3,500. MICROGRAFX" Proud Patron of the Chili for Children Cook-Off 1994 CATTLE BARON SPONSORS Borland = E ■ 5 D N I D~ =- =-^- r =» «dg Inc. INGRAM EE323 MICROGRAFX' MlCTOSOft $& mipS/SiliconGraphics Computer Systems PkttureTel Tektronix inteM ^ Texas Instruments ERfefiP intuit gp XEROX m Ziff-Davis Publishing Mere than just a computer letinrk. Technology Experts Corporate Management Strategic Network Decision-makers i&T KI«H-row(MB JTOTt MB First PowerPCs ■ 'i I Applu's Power Mnclntomli *mii IBM% Powor PMvonsl Systems Intel pushes the 80x86 envelope >'••••••«•••«•• II?fJiil Dsco's Low End Gambit «r «&. *» «c- K l*w 111 IWMM^ti V>4.:::]'m ■' Miio-j 1 P • • ■■#';• «»!»< ■,-m.i^ plementations. But remember that Spring is completely object-oriented, so it can support multiple name servers. Spring allows association of objects with a name that is in a context or name binding. Contexts are themselves objects, containing name-to-object associations that clients use toper- form naming operations. Objects can be concurrently bound to different names in different contexts or not bound to any name. By binding contexts in other contexts, Spring creates a naming graph. This is a directed graph with nodes and labeled edges, where the nodes with outgoing edges are contexts. Unlike naming in traditional systems, Spring contexts and name spaces are first-class objects. That is, you can directly access and manipulate them. Also, Spring objects derive persistence through naming. Generally, applications will acquire their objects from the name service. If the region of the name space where the object is found is persistent, the object will also be persistent. Spring Research Distribution University/public researchers: $75 Commercial researchers: $750 (800) 786-7638 Spring Is Not Unix Spring is not Unix, but it does provide binary compatibility for a number of Solaris programs by using a Unix-emulation subsys- tem. The emulation runs as user-level code and employs no Unix code. The implementation consists of twocomponents: a shared li- brary dynamically linked with each Solaris binary and a set of Unix-specific services exported via Spring objects implemented by a Unix process server in a separate domain. The Unix process server implements functions that are not part of the base Spring system and which cannot reside in the shared library due to security reasons. The system provides enough Unix emulation to support standard utilities, such as make, vi, csh, X Window System, and various Solaris pro- gramming tools used by the Spring developers. Running Unix in emulation would clearly be unacceptable in production environments, which is why SunSoft wants it known that it does not intend to make Spring the next version of So- laris. The company has learned its lesson from the porting ef- fort that got it to Solaris. However, Spring demonstrates just what you can do if given the chance to build a sparkling-new OS with modern software engineering methods, without worry- ing about legacy systems. ■ Doug Tamasanis is a BYTE senior technical editor. He holds an MS. in physics and systems engineering and is a senior member of the IEEE. You can reach him on the Internet or BIX at editors @ bix.com. 272 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Networks CORE TECHNOLOGIES Tuning In to ISDft Wireless transmission methods help speed ISDN deployment JEFFREY FRITZ Dick Tracy's famous wrist radio was way ahead of its time as a portable communications device. It allowed Tracy to be anywhere in the city and still stay in ■ m contact with the people and resources he needed to do his job. By contrast, digital telecommunica- tions services are anything but portable. Most are lashed by twisted pair to wall-mounted face- plates. The lack of portability reduces flexibility and restricts access. It also creates dependency on 1 outside agencies, like the telephone carriers, to provide service to the faceplate. As with most digital services, ISDN has been a tethered service requiring physical connections to the fiber- and copper-based telephone network. Considering the wide range of voice, video, and data applications it supports, ISDN's lack of mobility has been extremely constrain- ing. Fortunately, a new form of ISDN, called ISDN Radio, is breaking the copper umbilical cord and offering users unheralded communications freedom. ISDN Radio comes in two flavors: satellite and radio (see the figure "ISDN Radio/Satellite Configurations" below). Satellite ISDN is based on VSAT (Very Small Aperture Terminal) technology. VSAT uses transportable satellite link equipment and relatively small uplink/down- link dishes. Connections are made using leased or call-based satellite channels. Radio ISDN uses specialized modems called spread-spec- ^ trum modems which distribute the sig- Mw' nal over a wide bandwidth, &^ reducing interference and im- proving security. While satel- lite ISDN can span continents, radio ISDN's range is limited. It is broadcast primarily via trans- mitters operating on 1 W or less. The low power restricts the range, depending on anten- na height and terrain, to a max- imum radius of 30 miles. take days or even weeks to process, ISDN Radio equipment can be set up quickly. It's not unusual to have service in place within 24 hours. This makes ISDN Radio espe- cially valuable when unexpected events take place, such as a network outage, an urgent site coming on-line, a network demonstra- tion that was scheduled without advance notice, or a last- minute video conference. It's also possible to have ISDN Radio service in loca- tions where terrestrial ISDN is not available. Where there is no terrestrial ISDN, ISDN Radio can step in as an extension service. ISDN Radio's transportability can bring ISDN to a non-ISDN location. It can also extend ISDN past the infamous "last mile," which occurs when ISDN is available locally, but the remote site exceeds the 1 8,000- foot distance from the central office. That's where ISDN service delivered over a satellite link can help. "Satellites can seamlessly extend ISDN from any ISDN public network to remote locations that do not have access to ISDN terrestrially," says Thomas von Deak of NASA's Lewis Research Center. "This is im- portant because ISDN will form the basis for the first im- plementation of the Nil [National Information Infra- structure] and the Gil [Global Information Infrastructure]." Reaping Other Benefits ISDN Radio adds more than basic network connectivity. By nature, ISDN Radio is redundant. Connections are not made over the terrestrial telephone network, but through radio or satellite. The local telephone company is either out of the loop entirely, or ancillary to the connection. This makes terrestrial outages of far less consequence. Net- work administrators who are challenged to keep their networks alive no matter what the situation will find Quickness Counts Among ISDN's biggest draw- backs are long installation time, distance limitations, and a lack of ubiquity. ISDN Radio can help resolve each of these flaws. While terrestrial ISDN orders Desktop conferencing system Videoconferencing system Remote PC or /remote CAN Radio and satellite-based ISDN will make the service more readily available. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 273 CORE TECHNOLOGIES Networks ISDN Radio particularly attractive. Should a disaster such as earthquake, fire, flood or tornado disrupt terrestrial-based WAN connections, the network manager can call on an ISDN Radio provider to quickly restore services. The company may also choose to have ISDN Radio in hot standby, or even in active service. When the terrestrial connections go down, the ISDN radio links can be pressed into service. • Broadcasters realize that ISDN can provide enhanced audio quality without the need for multiple analog lines or audio fre- quency shifting equipment. A single BRI (Basic Rate Interface) line without compression can provide 7.5-kHz bandwidth audio. For comparison purposes, 7.5 kHz is equivalent in quality to a decent AM station. Increasing audio bandwidth to 15 kHz, com- parable to FM quality, or adding stereo can be achieved with multiple ISDN lines or compression. This makes ISDN ideal for remote broadcasts that sound as if they originated in the studio. Points to Ponder ISDN Radio is not without its disadvantages. It requires extra equipment, some of which is fairly expensive. It takes special know-how to set up, operate, and maintain the service. Satellite time can be expensive, and satellite channels require access to a satellite provider. ISDN Radio is subject to the same limitations as any radio service. Interference and poor signal quality can cause problems. Most importantly, satellite delays adversely affect the quality of ISDN Radio's service. Satellite links introduce a fair amount of delay (see "When Timing's Critical" above). If severe enough, delays can garble voice transmissions, scramble video, and collapse WAN con- nections. For example, a terrestrial ISDN BRI (Basic Rate Interface) delays the signal about 10 milliseconds. An international terrestrial circuit experiences delays of 140 ms. A single satellite hop has a marginal range one-way delay of 260 ms. Bidirec- tionally, satellite delays can be well over 500 ms. This puts satel- lite delays in the unacceptable range for some applications. Delays can cause problems for isochronous applications that require audio and video synchronization, or are intolerant of dis- ruptions in information flow. Delays can also cause problems for network applications. If the delay is long enough, the net- work protocol may assume that the communications link has been lost and time out the session. Even a less drastic network response to delays can cause unnecessary retransmissions, colli- sions and, in severe cases, broadcast storms. Users considering ISDN Radio for network or time-sensitive applications should take steps to make sure that the technology will work for them. What the Future Holds One of the more interesting demonstrations of ISDN Radio tech- nology is NASA's ACTS (Advanced Communications Tech- nology Satellite), which the Space Shuttle Discovery launched on September 1 2, 1993. The NASA Lewis Research Center in Cleve- land, Ohio, manages the satellite; it is a test of digital communi- cations that span the spectrum when it comes to ISDN satellite applications. ACTS provides single hop mesh ISDN that attempts to integrate seamlessly with terrestrial networks. No attempt is being made to use specially modified equipment for the tests. Off-the-shelf ISDN equipment is currently being tested over the ACTS and used in demonstrations to the public. Interestingly, NASA has cross connected ACTS and terrestrial ISDN circuits through a traffic terminal in Cleveland. This allows access to the ACTS system from anywhere an ISDN connection is available. The large number of companies, universities, and research WHEN TIMING'S CRITICAL Signal delays pose problems for isochronous applications. Service Delay (ms) Quality of Service National T-1 Service Terrestrial ISDN National analog service 1 10 25 Acceptable Acceptable Acceptable International terrestrial service 140 Acceptable Single hop satellite 260 Marginal Bidirectional satellite 520 Unacceptable organizations that use ACTS includes Comsat, the U.S. Army Research Labs, the National Telecommunications and Informa- tion Administration, and NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology). There are several interesting technology examples being tested on ACTS. In one experiment, Corporate Computer Systems, JPL (Jet Propulsion Labs), and CBS Radio are demon- strating ISDN high-quality audio transmissions. The North Amer- ican ISDN Users' Forum has been testing a PC-based multi- media teleconferencing system over a VSAT-transportable link back to the Lewis Research Center, the JPL, and other sites. One particularly interesting application is a disaster-recovery and communications-augmentation experiment. Ohio Univer- sity conducted tests to help Huntington Bank recover from a simulated disaster that created a total loss of communications. ACTS was used to transmit financial data such as deposits, account balances, and transfers of funds. The experiment mea- sured the ability to switch over to a backup communications sys- tem within an acceptable period of time as well as the economi- cal advantages of using ISDN satellite as a backup system. Bellcore is conducting experimentation with satellite-based PCS (Personal Communications Services). The goal of this research effort is to demonstrate a satellites' capabilities for enhancing ground-based personal communications voice and data services. The experiment will determine the ways in which local exchange network providers can interface to wireless service providers and the kinds of services that should be offered. Finally NIST has connected the ACTS ISDN system to the government's FTS2000 digital communications infrastructure and is investigating interoperability issues between the terrestri- al and satellite systems. Given encouraging results from ACTS and early user suc- cesses, ISDN Radio appears worthy of consideration as a vehicle to provide redundant network backup, remote WAN connec- tions, broadcast remotes, or world-wide videoconferencing. If your local service provider gives you a blank stare when you ask for ISDN connections, ISDN Radio could be your answer. Clearly, ISDN is getting more interesting by the moment. No longer tethered by copper umbilical cords, the freedom to have digital voice, data, and video services at any time and any place is truly exciting. Dick Tracy would have been very much at home with ISDN Radio. ■ Jeffrey Fritz is a telecommunications engineer responsible for the design and management of data communications for West Virginia University, including its ISDN applications lab. He is the chair of the North American ISDN Users' Forum Enterprise Network Data Inter connectivity Family. Mr. Fritz also chairs the National Information Infrastructure Working Group. He is the author of Sensible ISDN Data Networks (WVU Press, 1992). You can contact him on the Internet at jfritz@wvnvm.wvnet.edu or on BIX at editors@bix.com. 274 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 POURNELLE JERRY POURNELLE Of COM Ports and Digital Frogs I t has been a busy month. First off, I was the keynote speaker at the Association for Media and Technology in Edu- cation in Canada, which met this year at the University of Guelph. The city of Guelph is about an hour from Toronto, just far enough that it hasn't lost the feel of a university town in a rural setting; it reminded me of Iowa City in the 1950s. AMTEC is one of the older organizations promoting technol- ogy in education. A major issue in education technology is distance learning. Studies by the Danish Ministry of Education conclude that the critical cost factor is how to make low-paid people — such as stu- dents — do the work formerly done by high-paid people. Dan- ish and other studies also indicate that the general result of ap- plying high technology to education is to increase educational quality, but at increased costs; it's rare when high-tech education saves money. That's a big disappointment in this era of falling education budgets. Guelph is the major center of Canadian vet- erinary education. Lifelearn V., a private com- pany in a joint venture with the university, has developed one way to both increase education quality and save money. They've got the first really practical applications for CD-I (CD In- teractive) I've seen. Lifelearn uses CD-I for multiple reasons. First, it's easy to use, and it requires no computer ex- perience. Second, they can give away the CD-I box, which outputs NTSC video into a TV set, as part of the course. Finally, since many parts of the course materials feature real-time demon- strations, they want interactive full-motion video, which CD-I supplies nicely. Continuing education is important in many professions. Sometimes it does some good, but, alas, all too often continuing education work- shops degenerate into a series of Mickey Mouse sessions at which you get your ticket punched while vacationing on Maui or a Phoenix golf course. Some of those refresher workshops may be valuable, but Lifelearn offers an alternative. For less money, you can get the Interactive Mul- timedia Self -Study Modules prepared by vet- ILLUSTRATIONS: EMILY THOMPSON © 1995 erinary experts accredited in both Canada and the U.S. Because it's on CD-I and audiotape, every- one in the clinic can take the machine home and go through the course materials. Course con- tent varies from canine dental surgery through cardiology to dairy farm health management. The Lifelearn CD-I system impressed me a lot. I'm certain that soon enough this kind of thing will be available — from one source or an- other — for dozens of professions. Meanwhile, if you're a veterinarian, you should know about the Interactive Multimedia Self-Study Modules. Of course, there's an awful lot of pure hype about educational software. One (very badly produced) video I have spends half an hour telling about its problem-solving approach to education. Princi- pals wax eloquent on how this launches high school students into lifetime learning. Other teachers tell us that the kids just love this stuff because it's not a boring book. Then we're in- formed that "problem solving is a very unique process." You can re-create electronically just what the student did to solve the problem. What they're selling is authoring materials. Jerry attends an education conference and then learns a thing or two about communications software in Windows 95 continued SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTK 275 American Made Steel Chassis Computer or RAID Applications Rugged all-steel construction Designed for FCC certification Easy assembly and service Full line of models and sizes Competitive prices American made redundant power supplies, removable disk drive modules, RAID controllers, Passive Back Planes in stock! Call NOW for information and FREE color catalog 1-800-394-4122 VISA & MasterCard accepted Same day shipment! Designed, Manufactured, Guaranteed by: CALIFORNIA PC PRODUCTS 408-638-9460 205 Apollo Way - Hollister, CA 95023 \mma The value of the course will depend en- tirely on the teacher choosing the right problems to solve. While this may be valu- able, it's hardly new. This is all of a piece with the new edu- cation fad that says it's not important what kids learn. "We teach them how to think, not what to think." That sounds wonderful until you ask the next question: What is it they are to think about? And must they discard 2000 years of history — largely a history of problem solving? Long years ago when I was a student, there was an education fad called general semantics. By studying the science of meaning, we were going to solve all hu- man problems. Like all education fads, this one contained some valuable (if not always original) insights. One of these was that humans are time binders: they don't have to learn by making the same mistakes their ancestors did. We don't have to dis- cover all facts for ourselves It's clear that learning facts without understanding isn't much of an education, and stu- dents are highly motivated to play games rather than study facts. But the weakness of the problem- solving approach to education is that it's no use solving problems unless they are re- lated to the real world; and while the abil- ity to think things through is valuable, sometimes what you need is to be told how someone else did it. We tend to learn to do what we've al- ready done. Every sports coach under- stands this. Left to themselves, students generally won't stumble onto proper tech- nique. Take fencing as an example. Hand a class of beginners weapons and protec- tive equipment, and in a week, they'll have "problem-solved" their way to so many bad habits they may never be any good. I've recently seen essays criticizing the hy- pertext concept as undeliverable hype. Now it's true that despite a decade of work and some financing from Autodesk, Ted Nel- son and his associates didn't finish Xan- adu; but that's not the main problem with hypertext. The big problem is the hypertext con- cept itself. For example, there's Nelson's book, which you can start reading any- where you like and read the chapters in any order. That's only a book, of course. His ultimate vision was Xanadu, comput- ers connected on-line to give you all knowledge as hypertext, so that you could read everything in the world in any order you liked: the universe of knowledge with- Circle 106 on Inquiry Card. 276 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 out any imposed structure. It's attractive. We've all had the expe- rience of going to an encyclopedia to look for one thing and emerging hours later. We often learn something that way, too; but I suspect the ones who learn the most are those who came to the encyclopedia with an intellectual framework into which they could put their new knowledge. Un- organized facts aren't science, they're merely anecdotes; it takes structured theory to turn anecdotes into data. We don't have Xanadu yet, but we do have hypertext CD-ROMs. Most have lit- tle or no structure. You can peel off facts in any order you like. These may be useful to experts well grounded in the subject mat- ter, but in the hands of be- ginners, they're more likely to be tools for amusement rather than for learning. The same is true of unstructured problem-solving education. It may generate enthusiasm, but all too often, it's the en- thusiasm of the beginning fencer handed weapons and a mask. Lifelearn's educational approach is successful because they're building on a solid foundation. They don't teach the ba- sics of veterinary medicine, nor are they concerned with a general education in problem solving. What they do is show already competent people new develop- ments in their field, along with practical techniques they can use. Lif elearn has a large staff and a big budget. Digital Frog International has neither. I don't know how many frogs have been slaughtered to provide subjects for dis- section in high school labs, but Digital Frog's "frog-friendly software" may help to change that. The Digital Frog is a CD- ROM developed by students on a shoe- string; their entire capital investment, in- cluding a Power Mac, was under $10,000. They used a high-quality 35mm macro camera to take pictures of each stage of the dissection of a frog by an expert. Shots were made from many angles, and the whole thing was synchronized with a lec- ture. The pictures were digitized by turning the rolls into Photo CDs. They used an in- expensive JVC camcorder to capture im- ages for QuickTime movies of frog activ- ities, such as a frog catching a fly. Then they added QuickTime anima- tions, drawings, and diagrams, with ex- cellent narration. The result is far more in- structive — at least to me — than dissecting a frog, and there's no formaldehyde smell. The Digital Frog won the "best of show" award at AMTEC, and rightly so. continued ^:.:A;:S-v Where Does Your Passport Take You? "I've been entering musical composition contests since I was 14.1 love writing all kinds of music but I especially like classical arranging and writing for marching bands. "Passport's music software Ru les! It's fast, easy to use and my scores always look great. When I'm submitting one of my pieces the way it looks means a lot. Passport's software gives me the winning edge, and I like to win? Jennifer Lane is a 1 7 year old high school student from southern California. She has placed fourth in the prestigious nationwide Composer's Guild Composition Contest, as well as winning three separate awards from the Disneyland Creativity Challenge™ Contests. With Passport's MusicTime, every note you play on your MIDI or PC keyboard is turned magically into notation. Print it out and see your songs as beautiful sheet music. It's that easy! Get MusicTime today at CompUSA, Egghead Software, Software Etc., Babbages, Electronics Boutique, Media Play, Guitar Center and wherever fine software is sold, or call (415) 726-0280 for a dealer near you. Passport Brings Out The Musician In You. Circle 80 on Inquiry Card. ■ -«.-^.. -<..^ <* m 100 Stone Pine Road, Half Moon Bay, CA 94019 Circle 70 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 71). "With grueling competition... SuperTCP [Suite]* pulled ahead to garner Communication Week's MAX Award." -Communications Week, Apn'124, 1995 "Frontier's SuperTCP [Suite] for Windows boasted the most applications of any product we tested, yet it was among the easiest packages to set up." -Data Communications, Feb '95 Tester's Choice Award "This product is the Swiss Army knife of the TCP/IP client: It has an implement for every application. [Including NFS, X Windows and Internet Access]" -LAN Magazine, April '95 Product of the Year Great reviews. Now judge for yourself. Call today for your free eval CD 1-800-929-3054 Frontier Technologt World Wide Web: www.frontiertech.com Email: SuperTCP@frontiertech.com A Message to Our Subscribers From time to time we make the BYTE subscriber list available to other companies whose products or services would be of interest to our readers. We take great care to screen these companies, choosing only those who are reputable. Furthermore, subscriber names are made available for direct mail purposes only; telemarketing calls are strictly prohibited. Many BYTE subscribers appreciate this carefully managed program, and look forward to receiving information of interest to them via the mail. While we believe this information is of benefit to our subscribers, we firmly respect the wishes of any subscriber who does not want to receive promotional literature. Should you wish to restrict the use of your name, please send your request (including your magazine mailing label, name, address, and subscription account number) to: BYTE Magazine Subscriber Services PO Box 555 Hightstown, NJ 08520 The Magazine of Technology Integration mmm If you teach high school biology, you'll definitely want the Digital Frog. It's an excellent example of what new technol- ogy and ingenuity can do for education. My latest trip was to Microsoft for another dog and pony show about Windows 95. I've been using W95 on my main system for about three months now, going through a dozen "builds" as Microsoft fixes re- ported bugs. I have to say I like it; in par- ticular, I like the user interface better than those of either Windows or OS/2. More important, though, it works. There are some anomalies. I'll get to one of them in a moment; but the important thing is that I've had far less trouble getting used to W95 than I did Windows itself. Longtime readers will remember many columns in which I was screaming in frus- tration. That hasn't happened with W95. One anomaly involves QEMM. W95 installs from a setup program, and it doesn't seem to matter whether you're in- stalling over DOS, Windows, or an ear- lier W95. In each case, you get a warning that you're running QEMM, and you should disable it until the installation is finished, or else W95 may not identify all your hardware correctly. I suspect that mostly means thatQEMM loads some de- vice drivers into high memory and W95 isn't sure it will find them all; in any event, I have ignored that message in the past with no ill effects. This last time, though, I decided to heed the message. I canceled the installation, removed all references to QEMM from my CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files, and put in DOS HIMEM.SYS and EMM386.EXE. Then, just for good mea- sure, I exited W95 with the option to boot up in DOS and ran the DOS MEMMAK- ER.EXE program, answering "yes" to the question about running programs that need expanded memory. The result wasn't good. Not only did I end up with DOS windows that were about 100 KB smaller — far too small to run most games — but my expanded memory had vanished as well. I rebooted. That auto- matically brings the machine back up in W95. When I ran the setup program again to finish my upgrade, I was told that I'd interrupted it last time and was warned there might be trouble; but there wasn't any difficulty, except that I got messages that EMM386 couldn't load, and my DOS windows remained tiny. I put up with that for about 5 minutes before I overwrote the CONFIG.SYS and AUTOEXEC.BAT files with my older versions containing QEMM. When I rebooted and let QEMM do its thing, I had no problems. My DOS 278 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 COMPUTER g HANDBOOK ' I3279P $26,951 , OSBORNE , fcWlNDOVKjJ SERIES Meknt 1 U;U*Ji»**ch iNTERHET I JR0li3lESC fi 3Tr*rj I PCDriues _.' 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If you ever receive a book you don't want due to late delivery of the bulletin, you can return It at our expense. And you'll be eligible for FREE BOOKS through our Bonus Book Program. Your only obligation is to purchase 3 more books during the next 2 years, after which you may cancel your membership at any time. BY995 If card is missing, write to: The Computer Book Club. A Division of McGraw-Hill. Inc.. P.O. Box 549, Blacklick. OH 43004-9918 All books are softcover unless otherwise noted. Publishers' Prices shown. If you select a book that counts as 2 choices, write the book number in one box and XX in the next. A shipping/handing charge & sales tax will be added to all orders. ©1995 CBC S PHONE: 1-614-759-3666 (8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EST Monday-Friday) • ^ FAX: 1 "6 1 4"759-3749 (24 hours a day. 7 days a week) BJHiHH windows are 590 KB, and expanded mem- ory works again. I've been using Franklin Quest's Ascend PIM (personal information manager) for sev- eral years now. Telemagic is a far better contact manager, but it's designed for a much larger operation than mine. While there are many good things about Ara- besque's Ecco, Ascend is good enough. I've just installed version 5.0, and the upgrade illuminates a problem with W95 communications. Despite the improvements in Procomm Plus for Windows, I unrepentantly use Pro- comm 2. I'm used to it. It runs on my Gate- way HandBook (a 286) and does fine in a DOS window; but it has quirks. After I switched to W95, 1 had an annoying glitch. At first, Procomm couldn't find the mo- dem. When I hit Escape and dialed again, lo!, all was well. Naturally I blamed that on W95. Then I found that Ascend 4.0 worked just fine in Windows 3.1 1 and W95, but version 5.0 wouldn't dial in W95. Instead, I got a Win- dows message that some other device had the COM port. Franklin Quest had no ad- vice — surprisingly, they have never tested Ascend with W95 — but they told me that Ascend 4.0 had its own dialer, while ver- sion 5.0 uses the Microsoft Dialer built into Windows. You access the controls for the Mi- crosoft Dialer through the Telephony but- ton on the control panel. For reasons hav- ing to do with cable connections, I've used COM1 for the mouse and COM2 for the modem since DOS days. I had no prob- lems with SideKick, Desqview, or any ver- sion of Windows; but with W95, no mat- ter that I told Telephony to use COM2, Ascend 5.0 would report that the commu- nications device was in use by another pro- gram. Finally, in exasperation, I shut down the machine, plugged the mouse into COM2, and connected the modem to COM I. Then I told both Procomm 2 and Telephony what I'd done. That fixed it. Ascend 5.0 dials just fine now. Now I have discovered that if you give Procomm 2 an initialization string, it must have Control-M at the end, else it waits for a Return. I lost the Control-M while installing W95 (my fault I'm sure); it was never a problem with W95 itself. My apologies to Microsoft: they've been trying to fix that bug since I reported it. Although that fixed the problem — As- cend 5.0 dials just fine now — alas, it has not fixed the "must access it twice" prob- lem with Procomm 2, which remains as an annoyance. So it goes. OS/2 Warp Connect is nifty, and it really is an improvement over standard Warp. In theory, it's still only Warp 3.0 with con- nectivity; in practice, they've incorporated some bug fixes and made installation sim- pler by adding more device drivers. OS/2 is still harder to install than it ought to be. Every time I say that, I get letters from readers who bought one or an- other flavor of Warp and had absolutely no problems with the installation, and oth- ers who think it was easier to install than Windows ever was, so your mileage may vary. Once installed, OS/2 Warp Connect is pretty solid. Unlike W95, which still contains some 1 6-bit code, OS/2 is all 32- bit. With only a few windows open, there's little difference in speed between OS/2 Warp Connect and the test versions of W95; but if you keep a lot of windows open and do a lot of multitasking, the dif- ference can be dramatic. Using the IBM Pentium ValuePoint, This symbol identifies high performance energy-efficient computers, moni- tors and printers that save you money and reduce air ■ pollution by "powering EPA POLLUTION down" when not in use. Be part of the solution. Start buying Energy Star 51 " equipment today. To receive a list of available products, call the Energy Star 5 " Hotline at 202 775-6650. I££» Buy \t And Save. 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Company Address State Zip/Postal Code M Countiy Tel. BY mma I've managed to get three simultaneous communications programs — two using 9600-bps modems, and one using a serial port — as well as a print job to run in OS/2. The printing was pretty slow, but the com- munications tasks worked without losing data. I haven't tried that with you can choose to shut down individual applications or the entire system. Warp doesn't do that. If you press Ctrl-Alt-Del, the system will reboot without further cer- emony. Alas, that means that if you run a particularly badly behaved application, you may find yourself unable W95, but I don't need to. Just xN > keeping a number of windows open (and doing nothing) will f noticeably slow down W95. £ The big new feature of .5 OS/2 Warp Connect is > built-in peer-to-peer net- ^Wv/y© working capability. OS/2 Warp Connect supports IBM LAN Server 2, 3, and 4, and the LAN Server on AIX and AS/400. You can connect to Windows for Workgroups, Windows NT Server, W95, and the Microsoft LAN Manager, as well as all versions of Novell NetWare. The feature set is comparable to W4WG, with cut and paste across the network. I mildly prefer the W95 user interface, but the Warp interface is good enough. OS/2 Warp Connect works just fine, with one exception. In Windows and W95, if you do Ctrl-Alt-Del, you get a dialog box that gets you back to the OS, where f &rmat s ftv £^* rg * g. dNl37y- M3N . s?2!S 3l!d'^ to get back to OS/2. That hap- pens more often with bad Windows applications in Warp, but I've had it happen with a DOS program as well, and it's a terribly frustrating experience. One reason Microsoft held rk latest dog and pony show was to impress journalists with just how many software developers are writing applications for W95; it worked. About a hundred companies, hardware and software, had booths in a miniature trade show. The booths were small, not flashy, and the emphasis was on technical demon- strations. It reminded me of the early days of the West Coast Computer Faire. Naturally, the Microsoft Applications Group was showing the most products, in- cluding new versions of Microsoft Office; but there were many others. Traveling Software was there with new versions of LapLink for Windows. You'll really like what they can do with W95. Philippe Kahn, still chairman of Borland but no longer running that company, was there demonstrating Starfish Software's Side- Kick for Windows. Symantec was there, with a new ver- sion of Norton Utilities for W95. 1 use that, and I'd hate to live without it. They also have a new Norton Navigator (a desktop replacement) for W95. I've got it, but I don't really feel the need; I rather like the W95 interface. But if you get W95, be sure to get the appropriate Norton Utilities. You'll also need the Windows 95 Re- source Kit from Microsoft Press. It has over 1300 pages and goes into great de- tail on stuff you'll want to know. There's a good section on using long filenames and what happens if you transfer those files to systems that don't support long filenames. Reading that will lead you to look into long file extensions — you're no longer limited to three characters after the dot — and how those can be used to tell W95 things about a file. That will lead you to read the section on the Registry, a W95 trick to cut down on the sizes of INI files. continued URGENT-YOUR INPUT NEEDED Platform Issues in Applications Development Dear Reader: To improve BYTE's coverage of technology in the State of the Art section, we'd like to get your feedback about what spe- cific topics, areas, and products we should be considering, and in what ways. Specifically, we're planning later this year to take a look at the development of software for new (as well as for multiple) platforms. We want to explore the issues involved in developing applications to run on brand new OSes or those in a state of flux (as with Windows 95 in its beta days); at cross-platform development tools, problems, and capabilities; and at what the advent of (at least partially) object-oriented OSes means for applications developers. These are complex questions and to do them justice we'd like to hear your views — what you're interested in, what you'd like to see us report on and analyze. We want to hear your ideas and find out about concerns that we may not fully appreciate or be aware of. Also, we'd like your help in knowing who are the people we should be talking to — users, vendors, researchers — you tell us. To let us know what you think, please use the following as a template to send us, via E-mail, an ASCII text file with your comments. Please be sure to include the with their angle brackets, followed by your information and com- ments. And thanks very much for your help. Please E-mail the completed form to: surveys@bix.com App Development for Platforms Ziegler Teddy Sr. Software Engineer <C0MPANY> Universal A ppl i cations Unl imi ted <PH0NE> 800-555-4321 <EMAIL> tz@host. domain <C0MMENTS> This is where your comments go. Be as brief or as long as you want. Tell us what you think, what you need, what you want to know more about. Tell us what you're doing. Tell us who we should be talking to. 282 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Hit the Road.^: without ever leaving the information superhighway Win a luxurious 1 996 Mitsubishi Golont LS including leather seating surfaces, power driver's seat, and the exclusive Mitsubishi HomeLink™ system* Plus you get all the other tools and toys you need on the road: 'Exclusive among imported midsize sedans. Tadpole P1 OOO Notebook: Take all your power apps on the road with this super-fast 1 00 MHz Pentium notebook from Tadpole Technologies. Mobile Assistant: Wireless com- munications and route guidance system for the mobile office from Solid Computer Group. CompuServe: The world's pre- mier online service with full Internet access. One-year subscription includes $250 monthly usage credit.* Cellular Phone: Compact, easy-to-use, flip-style, state-of-the-art cellular phone for the car, the sidewalk, the board- walk, the boardroom, etc. PUT YOUR PEDAL TO THE METAL! (Enter today!) Winner to be announced at the BYTE booth #2654 at COMDEX/Fall. The contest is open only to U.S. residents who are licensed drivers, 18 years of age or older. No purchase necessary. Entrants should fill out their daytime telephone number as indicated on the official entry form. You may obtain an entry form by sending a self-addressed envelope to BYTE Mobile Office of the '90s Sweepstakes, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458 by November 15, 1995 or fax to (603) 924-2535. Limit one entry per person. Entries must be received by mail or fax on or before November 15, 1995, or submitted in person at BYTE's Booth at Comdex/Fall, Las Vegas, from November 13 to November 15. The finalist will be determined in a random drawing to take place at BYTE's Comdex Booth #2654 at 3:00 PM on November 16, 1995. The winner will be contacted by telephone following the drawing and announced in the Januaiy 1996 issue of BYTE. Personal contact with the individual specified on the entry card must be made for the finalist to be declared the winner. If the win- ner cannot be contacted within 15 days of the drawing, then the unclaimed prize will be awarded to an alternate winner selected at random. The winner shall be required to sign an affidavit of eligibility and a liability/publicity release which releases McGraw-Hill, Inc., from liability in connection with the win- ner's use of the prize, and permitting McGraw-Hill to use the winner's name and likeness to promote the contest where permitted by law. The odds of winning depend on the total number of entries. McGraw-Hill, Inc., Mitsubishi Motors, and their respective advertising agencies, subsidiaries, employees and employ- ees' families are not eligible to participate in this contest. McGraw-Hill, Inc. is not responsible for lost, late, or misdi- rected mail or ineligible entries. All Federal, Stateand/or local rules and regulations apply. Void where prohibited by law. One prize to be awarded: a 1996 Mitsubishi Galant LS (approximate value: $23,088), plus various mobile comput- ing tools described above; total prize value: $36,052. Vehicle specifications, including color, will be determined by Mitsubishi Motors. Standard manufacturer's vehicle war- ranty will be provided. Vehicle will be delivered to Mitsubishi dealer closest to winner's locale. Winner is responsible for registering, licensing, and insuring the vehicle. The prize is not redeemable for cash, nor is substitution of the prize by the winner allowed. The winner is responsible for any and all taxes associated with the acceptance of the prize. BYTE reserves the right to substitute a comparable prize upon unavailability. For the name of the winner, send a self-addressed, stamped envelope after November 16, 1995 to Marketing Dept., Mobile Office of the '90s Winners, BYTE Magazine, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458. TITLE: COMPANY: ADDRESS: CITY: STATE: ZIP CODE: PHONE: FAX: Fax your entry to 603-924-2535 or mail to: BYTE, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458 I I «m Bottom-line question for Windows users: Should you change OSes? In my judg- ment, yes you should. W95, Windows NT, and OS/2 Warp Connect are all significant improvements over Windows and W4WG. You'll be better off with one of those. Deciding which one isn't so easy. If you're operating in a large corporate en- vironment, you should probably be con- sidering Windows NT versus OS/2 Warp Connect plus OS/2 LAN Server. You'll certainly want to consider Lotus Notes, and now that IBM is buying Lotus, you'll want to watch developments there. For home users, the choice is a bit sim- pler. The less you like fooling around with your machine, the more you're going to appreciate W95. You're far more likely to have a painless upgrade going from Win- dows to W95 than you will when switch- ing to Warp. One big attraction of OS/2 has been that it is a better DOS than Windows and, for that matter, a better DOS than DOS. That remains true, but it's not a better DOS than W95 — and it's certainly not a better Win- dows than W95. The more you run Win- dows (not W95, just Windows) applica- tions, the more you'll appreciate W95. And, of course, we don't even know what IBM plans for handling applications writ- ten for W95 itself. We do know there will be far more applications written for W95 than for OS/2. I'm keeping both. We'll continue to run OS/2 Warp Connect, but I have to say my prime machine is already running W95. That could change. Stay tuned. It's silly, but I'm still taking two laptops on trips. The Gateway Liberty 2000 remains my favorite for working on airplanes and in meetings, but the Zenith Z-Notef lex gets set up in my hotel room and is used for heavy-duty work there. In Ascend 5.0 ($149.95), some changes are for the better, and I expect overall it's a genuine improvement. Contact Franklin Quest Co., Salt Lake City, UT, (800) 877- 1814 or (801) 975-9992; on CompuServe, go franklin. Circle 1274 on Inquiry Card. The Digital Frog (US$170) is an excellent example of what new technology and ingenuity can do for education. Contact Digital Frog International, Puslinch, Ontario, Canada, (519) 766-1097; dfi@sentex.net. Circle 1275. The Interactive Multimedia Self-Study Modules (per module, US$299) for veterinary medicine impressed me a Part of that is Zenith's reliability. The Gateway Liberty is reliable enough, but the catch that holds the battery is next to the one that secures the removable hard drive, and I have now twice managed to unlatch that drive. The result is that the drive comes slightly loose, and you have to reboot. I've never lost any data this way, but it worries me. Of course, I can fix the problem forever with duct tape. I'm not really worried about the Liberty. The otherpart is the keyboard. The Z-Notef lex's keyboard is just bet- ter for typing when I'm trying to bang out text. It's not that the Lib- erty's keyboard is bad, just that the other one is better. And the Z-Note- f lex has a built-in floppy drive, while the Liberty's floppy drive is an ex- V ternal attachment. This makes the Z- Noteflex heavy enough that I don't re- ally want to put it into a briefcase. The upshot is that I've got one of those wheeled carry-on flight bags, and when I stuff it with two computers, their power supplies, a couple of manuals, and my As- cend notebook, the thing is heavy enough to leave ruts in the tarmac. But I've never had any problem stuffing it into an over- head rack, and I need the exercise. The Z-Notef lex has a Data Race Redi- Card RC-1496 data/fax modem. It works fine at 9600 bps. But it needs a special ca- ble that plugs into the PCMCIA card on one end and connects to a phone line on the other; more than once when I've been on- line, something jarred the cable connec- tor enough to make the system hang up. By contrast, the Liberty has a Mega- hertz 14.4-Kbps PCMCIA data/fax mo- dem with XJack. That also works just fine at 9600 bps, and the XJack connector lets you plug a normal phone cord into it. I've never had that shake loose. I've tested both modems for months now, and while I have lot. Contact Ufeleam V., Inc., Guelph, Ontario, Canada, (800) 375-7994 or (519) 767-5043; rnigol@ovcnet.uoguelph.ca. Circle 1276. The big new feature of OS/2 Warp Connect (fullpack edition with Win-OS/2 code, $299) is built-in peer-to-peer networking capability. IBM Corp., Austin, TX, (800) 342-6672 or call your local IBM dealer; http://www .ibm.com. Circle 1277. The PCMCIA data/fax modem with XJack ($249) works just fine at 9600 bps, and the XJack connector lets you plug a normal phone cord into it. Contact Megahertz Corp., Salt Lake City, UT (800) 527-8677 or (801) 320-7000; http://www.xmission.com/~mhz. Circle 1278. no preference on performance, the XJack's convenience is a deciding factor. I recom- mend the Megahertz PCMCIA data/fax modem card. It's easy to forget that the first A in NASA stands for aeronautics; but in fact NASA Ames does some great work. One such is a software simulation of a Boeing 737. As its developer Steve Casner put it, there's something uncanny about carrying around the brains of a big modern airplane under your arm. The simulation runs on a Mac PowerBook. If you're in- terested in finding out more, you can E-mail him at casner@eos .arc.-nasa.gov, or write to Stephen Casner, NASA Ames, Mail Stop 262-4, Moffett Field, CA 94035. The book of the month is Crime, edited by James Q. Wilson and Joan Petersilia (ICS Press, 1995). This will tell you more than you want to know about crime in this country. Essays are presented from nearly every rational point of view. It's not fun reading, but perhaps it's time citizens gave some heavy thought to the problem. Two computer books of the month. The first one is Jeannette Lawrence's Intro- duction to Neural Networks (California Scientific Software, 1993). This isn't easy reading, but no book on neural networks is; but it is comprehensible when it talks about back propagation and the like. Neural net- works are becoming increasingly important as computers get more powerful. The second computer book of the month is by Ronny Richardson, The Ultimate Batch File Book (Tab/McGraw-Hill, 1995). It certainly lives up to its title. There are batch files for MS-DOS, PC-DOS, Novell DOS 7, OS/2 Warp, and Windows; and it comes with a CD-ROM of batch and help files. Studying well-written ap- plications is the best way I know of to learn how to write them. Next month: more on connectivity, and a whole mess of small applications. ■ Jerry Pournelle holds a doctorate in psy- chology and is a science fiction writer who also earns a comfortable living writing about computers present and future. Jerry wel- comes readers' comments and opinions. Send a self -addressed, stamped envelope to Jerry Pournelle, c/o BYTE, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458. Please put your address on the letter as well as on the enve- lope. Due to the high volume of letters, Jer- ry cannot guarantee a personal reply. You can also contact him on the Internet or BIX atjertyp@ bix.com. 284 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 FOR THOSE WHO CANT SEEM TO GET NETWORKING OFF THEIR MIND. Consumed by the need to network? Then you really should attend NetWorkf Vlnterop® this fall in Atlanta. You'll meet with over 500 of the industry's top LAN, WAN and telecommunications suppliers. You'll explore the world's most diverse, fully deployed event net- work, the InteropNet™, as it runs the latest in high- speed networking, client-server, Internet access and more. Best of all, you'll test drive new solutions vital to your business and see how well they really work. NetWorld+Interop is, by far, the fastest, easiest way to check out all the hottest networking technologies. Not to mention the perfect place to improve how your business communicates. So don't wait another minute. Make your reservation for Atlanta right away. NETW RLE^JNTEROP 95 FREE VIP PASS • ATLANTA, GA • SEPTEMBER 27-29 • GEORGIA WORLD CONGRESS CENTER Name Company Address I Phone/Fax_ I _City, State, Zip_ _Fax: 415-525-0199 • Mail: N+l 95, P.O. Box 5855, San Mateo, CA 94402-0856 GET CONFERENCE INFORMATION VIA THE WEB AT http://www.sbexpos.com • QUESTIONS? CALL 800-488-2883 WHAT'S NEW Hardware PREVIEW PC NOTEBOOKS Impressive Battery Life in a Laptop Pentium PC Dell's Latitude line of laptops has been a re- markable resurgence for a company so thor- oughly out of the laptop business a few years ago. The new Latitude XPi combines 75- and 90-MHz Pentium power with Dell's renowned battery life. We tested the XPi P90T, which uses Intel's new low- voltage 90-MHz Pentium. The P90T has an active-matrix TFT screen, and our test unit came with 16 MB of RAM and an 810-MB hard drive. The XPi P90T is smart and aggres- sive about stretching its battery life — so much so that it confounded our Thumper 2 battery tester. On a recent trip from Manchester, New Hampshire, to San Francisco, we used the XPi for at least 3 hours' worth of editing, and there was battery life to spare when we arrived in California. The low-voltage Pentium is de- signed specifically for mobile applications and runs at 3.3 V ex- ternally but at just 2.9 V internally. As a result, it runs cooler than previous 90-MHz Pentiums and consumes less power. Com- bined with high-power lithium-ion batteries, this gives the P90T re- markable battery life. These low-voltage Pentiums will soon show up in everyone's laptops, but Dell's Latitude XPi P90T is one of the first to have them. The XPi is not perfect. It lacks some features that we've come to expect in high- end laptops, such as built-in sound support. And it was dis- appointing that the screen supports only 640- by 480-pixel reso- lution. But for people who need to do serious work during long plane rides, the XPi is just about perfect. — Rex Baldazo Latitude XPi P90T (90-MHz Pentium, active-matrix TFT screen) As tested, with 16 MB of RAM and an 810-MB hard drive, $5398; base configura- tion, with 8 MB of RAM and a 340-MB hard drive, $4699. Dell Computer Austin, TX (800) 289-3355 (512) 338-4400 http://www.dell.com/ Circle 976 on Inquiry Card. Performance Integer index Floating-Point index (A 90-MHz Dell Pentium = .99 1.12 1) A SPARCSTATION 5 COMPATIBLE The PowerLite 1 10 integrates a 1 10-MHz MicroSparc II micro- processor, up to 2.4 GB of inter- nal hard disk storage, TGX graphics acceleration, an inter- nal floppy drive, a fax modem, and a 10.4-inch, 1024- by 768- pixel, flat-panel color display, all in a compact 8^-pound pack- age (from $12,995). Config- urable options include four mem- ory configurations (32, 64, 96, and 128 MB); your choice of two displays, the flat-panel color dis- play or a Colorplus 640- by 480- pixel active-matrix LCD; and storage configurations from 810 MB to 6.4 GB, with an optional PowerLite Peripheral Expansion Unit. Other features include a lOBase-T AUI for Ethernet con- nection, a 10-MBps SCSI-2 port, two RS-232 ports, a Centronics port, an 8-bit audio connection (with internal speaker and mi- crophone), a connector for an external monitor, and SBus ex- pansion slots for use with the op- tional PXU. Contact: RDI Computer, Carlsbad, CA, (800) 734-5483 or (619) 929-0992; http://www.rdi.com. Circle 980 on Inquiry Card. MULTIPROTOCOL NETWORK CD-ROM SERVER Now users running Windows for Workgroups, Windows 95, or Windows NT, as well as those in an OS/2 or Unix environment, can simultaneously share net- worked CD-ROM information. The Axis 851/951 Network CD- ROM Server supports Ethernet and Token Ring, respectively, and lets you attach up to six ex- ternal CD-ROM drives or juke- boxes in a series. With a built- in Etrax RISC processor and file cache, the 851/951 Network CD-ROM Server (Axis 851 for Ethernet, $899; Axis 951 for To- ken Ring, $1099) can achieve throughputs of up to 600 KBps. Contact: Axis Communica- tions, Woburn, MA, (800) 444- 2947 or (617) 938-1 188; http://www.axis.se/. Circle 983 on Inquiry Card. 2-GB MINICARTRIDGE DRIVE The Panther Mini 2000, a 3/2- inch SCSI-2 tape drive, comes with a 2-GB Sony QIC-Wide data cartridge, Arcada Backup for DOS/ Windows software with data compression, and cables. Available in internal and exter- nal configurations ($549 and $659, re- spectively), the Pan- ther Mini 2000 drive automatically for- mats the data car- tridge and verifies data as it records. You can backup 36 MB of data per min- ute, or approximately 1 GB in 55 minutes. The Panther Mini 2000 also features automatic load and eject and a protective door that closes behind the cartridge. Contact: Tandberg Data, Simi Valley, CA, (800) 826-3237 or (805) 579-1000. Circle 982 on Inquiry Card. POWER MANAGEMENT FOR PRINTERS Nightware ($109.95) turns off your printer during periods of inactivity and automatically re- stores power to it when needed. When Nightware restores power to the printer upon receipt of data, its momentary poll-and- store feature prevents an appli- cation time-out while the printer warms up. When the printer is ready, Nightware reconnects it to the host to resume printing. Contact: Micro Energetics, Fairfax Station, VA, (800) 948- 2099 or (703) 250-3000. Circle 979 on Inquiry Card. 15-HOUR ZINC-AIR BATTERY t The AER Energy PowerPro ($399) can power Toshiba Satel- lite T 1900 series systems, Satel- lite Pro T2400 series systems, and T4700C, T4800CT, and T4850CT portable computers for up to 15 continuous hours be- tween charges. The PowerPro battery fits under your computer, attaching via the battery socket. The Toshiba AC adapter re- charges the PowerPro. When you attach the battery to your PC, you still have access to all your com- puter's drives and ports. Contact: AER Energy Re- sources, Smyrna, GA, (800) 769-3720 or (404) 433-2127; 7532 1,3445@ CompuServe, com. Circle 981 on Inquiry Card. 286 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 ^^^^B fex ■ ■ ■ Bfl I ■ M PENTIUM MULTIMEDIA SYSTEM ▲ The Multimedia Quadstation se- ries of multimedia systems fea- ture Lasonic surround-sound am- plified speakers, Sound Blaster 16 cards, and Teac quad-speed CD-ROM drives. Each system (486DX2-66, $1578; Pentium/ 100, $2148; 486DX4-100, $1698; Pentium/90, $1998) ships with an 850-MB hard drive, 8 MB of RAM, a 256-KB cache, a 1.44-MB floppy drive, a PCI en- hanced-IDE controller, and a 2- MB PCI local-bus graphics card with an ATI Windows acceler- ator. All systems also include a Sceptre 15-inch flat-screen non- interlaced digital-control SVGA monitor with 0.28-dpi, 1280- by 1024-pixel resolution. Contact: Intellicomp Technolo- gies, El Monte, CA, (800)468- 3696 or (818) 582-8096. Circle 995 on Inquiry Card. SPARC 5-COMPATIBLE WORKSTATION Incorporating a 1 10-MHz Mi- croSparc II processor, the S WS5/ 1 10 comes with five 32-bit mas- ter/slave SBus slots capable of supporting double- ortriple-width SBus cards, a 64-bit AFX graph- ics bus, up to 256 MB of internal RAM, and 100 percent binary compatibility with the Sun Sparc- Station 5. The SWS5/110's stor- age options include an internal 644-MB double-speed Photo CD-ready CD-ROM, two inter- nal hard drives, and one internal 3M-inch 1 .44-MB floppy drive. A base-configured workstation with system board, chassis, keyboard, mouse, and power supply costs $3495; a complete system with a 110-MHz Micro- Sparc II CPU, 32 MB of memory, a 1-GB hard drive, a Turbo GX graphics card, and a 17 -inch color monitor costs $7495. Contact: Integrix, Newbury Park, CA, (800) 300- 8288 or (805) 37 5-1055; http://www. integrix. com. Circle 984 on Inquiry Card. ERASING ULTRAPEN The Erasing UltraPen lets you erase as you would with a real eraser — the harder you press, the more it erases — and offers up to 256 levels of pressure. For soft- ware that's not eraser-aware, the $89.99 device allows you to se- lect and delete text or cells with one stroke. Also available are the WideBody UltraPen With Pen- cil ($125) and the DuoSwitch Ul- traPen ($125), which meets mul- tiple-mouse-button standards in Windows and Unix OSes. Wacom's latest graphics tab- lets include the ArtPad II with Erasing UltraPen ($174.99), ArtZ II 6 x 8 with Erasing UltraPen ($389.99), ArtZ II 12 x 12 with Erasing UltraPen ($539.99), ArtZ II 12 x 18 with Erasing UltraPen ($869.99), and ArtZ II 18 x 25 with Erasing UltraPen ($2449.99). Contact: Wacom Technology, Vancouver, WA, (800) 922- 6613 or (360) 750-8882. Circle 992 on Inquiry Card. INTEGRATED AUDIO/ TELEPHONY PRODUCT Featuring audio, fax, and modem functions, the TeleCommander 2500XL ($229) integrates a 16-bit CD-quality sound card that works with Sound Blaster Pro-compatible ap- plications and a 14.4-Kbps Rockwell modem ( V.32bis) and 14.4-Kbps fax (V. 17). The all-in-one desktop- communications solution also includes call screening, call forwarding, and remote- message access, as well as fax-forwarding, fax-on-de- mand, and pager-notifica- tion capabilities. The package comes with Thought Communi- cations' FaxTalk Messenger and FaxTalk Speakerphone; Radish Communications' Voice View technology, which lets you send and receive files during a single telephone conversation without hanging up; and on-line-services software for America Online, CompuServe, Imagination Net- work, and Internet access. Contact: Diamond Multimedia Systems, San Jose, CA, (800) 468-5846 or (408) 325-7000; http://www.diamondmm.com. Circle 991 on Inquiry Card. PCMCIA MODEM WITH STATUS LIGHTS t U.S. Robotics' Courier V.E very- thing PCMCIA PC Card with DataView ($575) has four LEDs that let you monitor power, send, receive, and on-line functions during a fax or data transfer. The card provides connectivity to in- dustry-standard V.34 modems; backward compatibility with proprietary standards, such as V.FastClass and V.32 terbo; and compatibility with V.32bis and slower-speed modems. Other features include flash ROM upgradability, remote configura- tion, link security, dial security, and Easy Install software. Also available is a 14.4-Kbps version of the device, the Courier V.32- bis PCMCIA PC Card with Data- View ($499). Contact: U.S. Robotics, Skokie, 1L, (800) 877-2677 or (708) 982-5010. Circle 990 on Inquiry Card. Plug-and-Play MPEG Card The 9FX-PlusMPEG card ($199) for PCI-based PCs lets you load and view MPEG video files without having to change your Windows settings. In addition to high-quality video, the card feeds synchronized 16-bit CD-quality audio through a mini-jack, which you can connect to stereo speakers or an- other external amplifier or back into your PC's 16-bit sound card for sound-mixing. To take advantage of the 9FX-Plus- MPEG card, your system needs a PCI graphics accelerator with DCI support. Contact: Number Nine Visual Technology, Lexington, MA, (800) 438-6463 or (617) 674-0009; on CompuServe, go nine. Circle 977 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 287 WHArS NEW Software Mainframe-Class Security for PCs and LANs &e s er iption [ Aaaet Tag »A1 45A8 [ Met Address j [ CCCCC£CC:CaCflAg8g237A | ££CScwt(tJoy8> jtO [ [I] Irs« Scan (days) [tD | [g StopLight 95 (single copy, $295) prevents unauthorized PC access, il- legal and unwanted file copying, configuration changes, and other security problems on individual and networked Windows PCs. The LAN version lets you control and auto- mate security from a central work- station. You can restrict access to individual drives, partitions, directo- ries, and individual files; specify kinds of access, such as read, write, create, and delete, for each of these levels; and prevent users from copying program executa- bles to or from machines. The program also includes the Drive-In Antivirus utility, which scans and disinfects hard and floppy drives and network volumes for boot-track viruses before they can cause harm. Three versions are available: StopLight 95/LAN, client and server security software for cen- tralized control of all LAN workstations; StopLight 95/PC, which offers full security features for a single PC, with the ability to define profiles for up to 255 users; and StopLight 95/ELS, an entry-level security package without antivirus capabilities that supports two user profiles. Contact: Security Integration, Lexington, MA, (800) 888-5031 or (617) 861-8800. Circle 996 on Inquiry Card. 32-BIT IMAGING SOFTWARE A high-level C library with opti- mized commands for image pro- cessing, pattern matching, blob analysis, gauging, and OCR (with an optional module), MIL- 32 is a 32-bit version of the Ma- trox Imaging Library that allows you to build applications using only a few lines of code. The li- brary (US$1495) supports Win- dows NT, 32-bit DOS extenders, and Win32s and runs on VGA imaging boards. Contact: Matrox Electronic Systems, Dorval, Quebec, Canada, (800) 361-4903 or (514) 685-2630; imaginginfo @ matrox.com. Circle 998 on Inquiry Card. DEBUG, ANALYZE VISUAL BASIC APPLICATIONS ► The VB/FailSafe ($179.95) integrated debugging and performance-analysis sys- tem for Visual Basic for Windows integrates error interception, program trac- ing, and performance pro- filing into a single software tool. The package includes FS/Interceptor, which sta- bilizes a project and stops sys- tem crashes by intercepting and coding all errors by type, class, number, and description; FS/ Tracer, which aids in isolating event-driven and client/server bugs, as well as bugs lurking within compiled executable pro- grams that Visual Basic's built- in step-trace is unable to find; and FS/Profiler, which uses in- formation from FS/Tracer to produce graphs and tables show- ing program performance, rou- tine by routine. Contact: Marquis Computing, Pomfret Center, CT, (800) 818-1611 or (203) 963-7065; 76120.2413@ CompuServe, com. Circle 1000 on Inquiry Card. rife Eua e^eo Oy < "»» W'*'-'" j^V 133 ■ ,£M0:5AfE,TBC \ 333 ■1.L' : i J. Ji. t_..'iL.LV.t - ™ "IStKrKAT* »AS SUS Sireft.«i 001 ATMS* M/3 rn: INTERNET CLIENT/SERVER SOFTWARE Operating in the Windows envi- ronment, MindWire 1.0 (eight- user license, $495) helps you to create a dynamic multimedia on- line service of- fering modem, network, and In- ternet connectiv- ity options. The MindWire Client software contains messaging, file- library, E-mail, and chat features. MindWire pro- vides support for image and sound files, spell checking for E-mail, viewing user photos, auto-viewing downloaded files, and scanning message responses. MindWire performs multiple functions simultaneously, in- cluding downloading and up- loading files, chatting with other users, and reading E-mail. The MindWire Server lets you manage and configure applica- tion features such as account in- formation, security, file-library folders, and messaging forums. MindWire controls user privi- leges and security. An audit trail records user transactions on the Server and generates reports to monitor your system's activity. The Client Application Manager performs automatic on-line soft- ware updates and installation of new applications. Contact: Durand Communica- tions Network, Santa Barbara, CA, (805) 961-8700; http:// www.durand.com. Circle 1011 on Inquiry Card. DISTRIBUTED NETWORK- MONITORING SOFTWARE t MasteRMON 1.0 displays the activity of a selected Ethernet or Token Ring LAN segment via RMON agents. The program transparently handles SNMP functions and takes advantage of Windows' multitasking capabil- ities by letting you execute sev- eral concurrent instances of Mas- teRMON on the same machine. MasteRMON (single license, $595) displays traffic from all stations, or nodes, present on the monitored segment; offers sev- eral real-time display modes; provides user-configurable alarms; includes a baselining feature that automatically learns the normal traffic levels of the network and configures MasteRMON ac- cordingly; generates snapshot reports of network activity at configurable time intervals; and offers real-time graphing capa- bilities. Contact: Triticom, Eden Prairie, MN, (612) 937-0772; http: //www. triticom. com. Circle 1003 on Inquiry Card. 288 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 □QQQBiBB i : LANTASTIC POWER SUITE a An integrated product, LANtas- tic Power Suite (one-user soft- ware-only kit, from $199) con- tains the LANtastic network OS and communications software. In addition to LANtastic, the suite includes Lotus cc:Mail com- munications software, the Lotus Organizer networked group scheduler and PIM, Cheyenne Communications' BitWare fax and modem communications software and BitShare modem- sharing and pooling software, and Netcom NetCruiser Internet- access software. Contact: Artisoft, Tucson, AZ, (800) 233-5564 or (602) 670- 7100; http://www .artisoft. com. Circle 1013 on Inquiry Card. EXCHANGE BINARY FILES VIA FAX t With 3D Fax, you can send and receive editable or executable files via standard fax. In addition, 3D Fax includes compression and image-processing features that al- low you to reduce fax-transmis- sion time by at least 90 percent. You can also send color pictures and multimedia files. When you send a file to a fax machine, it's visu- ally uninterpretable. You scan the print- ed imageinto a com- puter, and the 3D Fax software (stan- dard version, $99; professional ver- sion, $199) restores the file to its origi- nal content and format and opens it in the software application in which you created it. Contact: Infolmaging Tech- nologies, Palo Alto, CA, (800) 966-1140 or (415) 960-0100; http://www.infoimaging.com. Circle 1012 on Inquiry Card. IMAGE EDITING FOR THE MASSES Image'n'Bits 2.0 ($79) can con- vert images, regardless of their origin, to OLE objects ready for you to edit, tile, and drag and drop into other applications or convert to other file formats. The program allows you to embed or link an image file into another application for editing without having to exit that application. You can also tile and convert to thumbnails objects stored inside the Image'n'Bits albums. Image- processing functions include flip, mirror, convert to negative, false color substitution, smooth, blur, sharpen, posterize, edge detec- tion, pixelize, and emboss. Dis- tortion filters include pinch, spi- ral, fish-eye, paint, star, melt, and wavy. Contact: Bananas Software, 3D FAX PRO Read : Sender Name: D Wathor, ID: 26 file Options Help Rests* J Q l°g lW R °&n,.:T ? Help f #» feT r Read from F^e*: — — —'•' ■ '• r inf©Sma§e — - — - ■it III H5| saj j || I »A III ill m ill J ™J -J i #£**•* Paramus, NJ, (800) 653-4624 or (201) 265-9855; banana@ ios.com. Circle 1008 on Inquiry Card. METERING SOFTWARE FOR NETWARE LANS LANrecord 1 .0 provides meter- ing and chargeback for software applications, suite-based prod- ucts, files, and other LAN re- sources, such as network con- nections. The program helps you comply with software applica- tion licenses and provides LAN administrators with data about the computing costs incurred by users and departments. An ex- port feature lets you export charge- back information to external ap- plications. LANrecord 1 .0 (base server, $595; additional server licenses, $395) maintains in its database information that's gath- ered during the metering process and offers real-time-dynamic and history-reporting features. Contact: Horizons Technology, San Diego, CA, (800) 828- 3808 or (619) 292-8331; http://www.horizons.com. Circle 997 on Inquiry Card. KEEP YOUR VISUAL BASIC CODE IN ORDER The Polisher ($149) formats, comments, and spell-checks your Visual Basic programs. You can automatically generate a com- ment block at the start of ev- ery routine and insert comment blocks at the start of modules and procedures, with variables such as developer name, company, and date. The Polisher lets you remove or insert blank lines be- fore or after block constructs throughout the code and allows you to specify the number of spaces to auto-indent and the indent options for declarations, Select Case, and IF . . .THEN . . . ELSE formatting. Contact: Aardvark Software, Teaneck, NJ, (201) 833-4355; 70544. 1 37 2 @ CompuServe, com. Circle 1015 on Inquiry Card. Software Update The Track 3.0 for Windows LAN-based defect-tracking and technical-support system adds the following: integration with version-control systems, which lets you keep track of the changes you make to source, design, and documen- tation files; enhanced reporting and analyzing features, which let you link Track's database with multiple external data- bases, link a defect database to a customer or project database, and import test results generat- ed by automated testing tools; and support for Microsoft Mail and cc:Mail. $495. Contact: Soffront Software, Milpitas, CA, (408) 263-2703; info@ soffront. com. Circle 1024 on Inquiry Card. Hi-Res 5.0, an SDK for Win- dows that provides for fractal still-image compression and decompression, offers com- pression ratios from 3-to-l to 250-to-l ; faster decompression rates; smaller file sizes for compressed images, which lets you place more images on a CD-ROM or other storage medium; improved resolution independence, allowing an al- most unlimited number of zooming levels; color map- ping; and cross-platform sup- port for Windows 3.1, Win- dows 95, Windows NT, Macs, and the PowerPC. The package is available in two versions: Hi-Res Professional 32 ($8995) and Hi-Res Standard 32 ($2995). Contact: Iterated Systems, Nor- cross, GA, (404) 840-0310; 73443,1 674 @ compuserve.com. Circle 1023 on Inquiry Card. RightFax for Windows NT is 32-bit multitasking and multithreaded LAN fax-server software that allows workstations on a Win- dows NT network to send and receive faxes. Server license for a single channel with un- limited users, $1995. Contact: RightFax, Tucson, AZ, (602) 327-1357. Circle 1017 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 289 1 m • m W • * * * I * , • * * Reaching for a New Frontier ^ • * *. Having trouble keeping up with the ever-changing world of technology? Quatech can help. We are committed to providing our customers with quality products and exceptional service and support. We manufacture a complete line of communication and data acquisition products for PC/XT, PC/AT, PS/2, and PCMCIA systems. Just tell us your appli- cation, and we'll find the solution that's right for you. Quatech's communication and data acquisition PCMCIA cards provide maximum flexibility for your application. Communication PC cards include single and dual channel RS-232 and RS-422/485, EPP, and synchronous adapters. Data acquisition PC cards provide 12 and 16-bit analog input, 8 channel analog output, and 24 digital I/O. Add PCMCIA capability to your desktop computer with our Internal Interface Adapters. Each adapter supports Type I, II and III PC cards, and is available in several configurations. Communication boards for ISA and Micro Channel meet synchronous, asynchronous, serial, and parallel communi- cation requirements with protocols such as RS-232, RS-422, RS-485, Current Loop, and IEEE-488. Intelligent and copro- cessor adapters are also available. Data acquisition products add analog to digital, digital to analog conversions, and digital I/O capabilities in 8 to 16-bit resolution. Other boards provide the capabilities for digital multimeters, digital frequency synthesizers, arbitrary waveform synthesizers, and IEEE-488 GPIB interfaces. n QUATECH Foreign Distributor Inquiries Welcome For more information and a free 1995 Handbook, call a Quatech sales representative today at 800-553-1170. Quatech, Inc. 662 Wolf Ledges Parkway, Akron, OH 44311. International Distributors: Australia/lnterworld Electronics & Computer 61-3-9563-5011, Austria/ Megadata43-1-523 42 12, Belgium/Acal NV/SA 32-27-205983, Brazil (Sao Paulo)/lntercomp 55-11 -8532733, Brazil (Rio de Janeiro)/Medusa Sistemas eAutomacao 55-21 -2554745, Canada(Western)/lnterworld Electronics800-663-6001 (Toronto office 800-465-0164), China/Quatech China 86-1-205-9030, Denmark/Jes Rasmussen ApS. 45-4281-6838, Finland/Lab Hi-Tech' OY 358-0-682-1255, France/Elexo 33-1-69537020, Germany/Jupiter Electronic Systems GMBH 49-61-8175041, Hong Kong/Brio Technology Ltd. 852-581-1111, India/Comsquare Network Pvt. Ltd. 91-11-224-5159, Israel/Milivision Ltd. Div. 972-9-500623, Italy(Non-PCMCIA)/ N.C.S. Computer Italia 39-331-770016, ltaly(PCMCIA Only)/Kernel Consulting S.r.l. 39-6-77207000, Japan/Nictrix Corp. (New Jersey) 201-947-2220, Korea/Sam Boo Systems 82-2-5384001, Netherlands/ACAL Auriema 31-40-502602, New Zealand/Advanced Portable Technologies 64-4-3852838, Pakistan/Rastek (PVT) Limited 92-21-4551881, Saudi Arabia/Integrated Computer Operations 966-3-895-1827, Singapore/Bliss Services Pte Ltd. 65-338-1300, South Africa/Eagle Tech- nology 27-21-234943, Spain/Santa Barbara SA 34-3-418-81-16, Sweden/Systec 46-13-310140, Switzerland/Technosoftware 41-64-519040, Turkey/Logic Group 90-212-2747197. PC/XT, PC/AT, PS/2, and Micro Channel are registered trademarks of the IBM Corporation. All other trademarks are of their respective companies. Circle 83 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 84). BUYER'S GUIDE Essential Products and Services for Technology Experts Mail Order Top mail-order vendors offer the latest hardware and software products at the best prices. 292 Hardware/Software Showcase Your full-color guide to in-demand hardware and software products, categorized for quick access. 309 Buyer's Mart The BYTE classified directory of computer products and services, organized by subject so you can easily locate the right product. 319 COMPUTER DISCOUNT WAREHOUSE IBM® ThinkPad® 701 C • IntelDX4~ 75MHz CPU 1 • 8MB RAM, 24MB max. • 540MB removeable hard drive %/ 10.4" active-matrix color display • Local bus video with 1MB RAM • PCMCIA: accepts 2) Type II or 1) Type III . • 14.4K bps fax/modem • Full size expandable keyboard */ Keyboard-integrated TrackPoint 111" pointing device • Super NiCD battery • Preloaded IBM-PC DOS™ V6.3, Windows' V3.ll and IBM OS/2 Warp V3.0 • 3 year international warranty %/ Lightweight and compact: 4.5 lbs, 9.7" x 7.9" x 1.7" $4599.00 CDW 51793 WHY PAY RETAIL? CDWSeUs for less Price Drop! HARDWARE, SOFTWARE & PERIPHERALS AT DISCOUNT PRICES ^Megahertz Lrnhtig )our Wrr&b 28,800bps PCMCIA Fax Modem with X JACK ♦ Data: V.34 (28.8K bps) and V.32bis (14.4Kbps) ♦ Fax: 14.4K bps send/receive r T^ ♦ Flash ROM field upgradeable ♦ Auto installation and configuration ♦ Hot swapable ♦ Includes data/fax software for Windows* ♦ Five-year warranty and unlimited free technical support from Megahertz 28.8K with XJACK $299.78 CDW 46849 14.4K with XJACK $1 98.89 CDW 37757 r'|--*i','M:JMIMrlJ:I.MIMH KNOVELL Netware V4.1 Netware V3.12 5User3.5' 619.93 10 User 3.5- 1409,77 25 User 3.5- 2082.50 Call for Pricing on Novell NetWare upgrades! 3Com' 3C503 Elherlink II coax ... ...159.44 3C509B Etherlink III coax 114.14 3C509B Etherlink III coax 5pk 479.65 3C509B Etherlink III 10BT 111.14 3C509B Etherlink III 10BT 5pk 442.36 3C509B Etherlink III combo 123.77 3C509B Etherlink III combo5pk 526.78 3C579 Ettierrink EISA coax 229.91 3C579 Etherlink EISA 10BT 229.91 3C1627 12 port Linkbuilder 10BT 619.44 ARTISOFT NodeRunner 2000A. 215.58 NodeRunner 2000T 169.05 NodeRunner 2000C 1 69.05 NodeRunner/SI 2000A 87.13 NodeRunner/SI 2000T 73.62 LANtastic V6.0 79.50 LANtastic V6.0 5 user 329.87 LANtasticV6.0 Starter Kit 229.13 Central Station II 389.13 Simply LANtastic starter kit 163.79 T-Runner 8 port 10BT 179.99 T-Runner 12 port 10BT 199.82 =ASP Multiprotocol piinl server 10BT HP MIO 249.93 Multiprotocol pnnl server 10BT pocket 287.30 Multiprotocol 2 printer seiver combo ...309.61 Multiprotocol 4 printer server combo 499.82 SNAP starter kit-2 computers, 1 printer 119.10 SNAP add-on transmitter. 49.50 Fax Authority Solo network fax server. 499.86 Token Ring Adapter I1 16/4 ISA 399.88 Token Rng Auto Adapter 16/4 ISA 257.76 IBM Toten Ring MALL 398.42 iny. EtherExpress PRO/100Mb PCI .. EtherExpress PRO/100MbpsEISA... EtherExpress PRO/100Mbps PCI 5pk 998.36 EtherExpress PRO/10 Rsh 10BT 108.01 EtherExpress PRO/10 Fish 10BT5pk .419.98 EtherExpress PRO/10 Ftehcombo 115.07 EtherExpress PRO/10 Fish combo 5pk 472.00 EtherExpress 16 coax 99.33 EtherExpress 1 6 coax 5pk 454.13 EtherExpress 161 0BT 99.33 EtherExpress 16 10BT 5pk 469.50 EtherExpress 1 6 1 0BT 20pk 1698.38 EtherExpress MCA 10BT 166.52 EtherExpress 16 combo 116.77 EtherExpress 16 combo 5pk 549.72 EtherExpress Fish 10BT 111.88 EtherExpress Fish 10BT5pk 519.90 EtherExpress Rsh combo 129.79 EtherExpress FJsh combo 5pk 591.05 TokenExpress 16/4 328.96 NetportExpress II 10BT 368,85 Eagle NE200O+ coax 76.63 Eagle NE2000T+ 10BT 69.45 Eagle NE2000+ combo _ 85.40 IRMAtrac 4/1 6Mpbs ISA Convertible-. 439.30 IRMAtrac 4/1 6Mbps ISA Hardtop 289.23 i;i=u','/.i : ihi;hj ; i.hihu SMC ElherEZ 10BT... ElherEZcoax EtherEZ combo... ...94.47 ...94.47 ..107.06 Etherpower 10BT PCI 142.32 Etherpower coax PCI 155.31 Etherpowei2 10BT 252.26 Etnerpower2 combo 271.05 UHral6 Ethernet coax ..94.96 Ultra 16 coax 6pk 509.88 Ultra16 Ethernet 10BT 96.10 Ultra16 10BT6pk. 459.23 Ultra16 10BT24pk 1573.71 Ultra16 Ethernet combo. 107.71 Ultra16 comboSpk 568.15 TigerHub TP6 6 port + AUI 169.78 TigerHub TP6B 6 port + BNC 189.83 TigerHub TP12 12 port + AUI 379.79 3608 Ethernet Sport hub 10BT 296.85 3512 Ethernet 12+2 port hub 10BT 548.55 PC600WS ARCNET coax 119.93 ARCNET 8 port active hub coax.. 229.41 TokenCard Elite 16/4 229.82 A TC5143 Elhemel 10BT 72.89 TC5143 Ethernet 10BT 6pk 399.94 TC6242 ARCNET 8-bit coax 66.86 TC6245 ARCNET coax 179.99 TC5055 Elhemet8 port hub 10BT 339.47 TC4045 Token Ring 16/4 226.54 CDW Canies the Complete Line of TCNS Products. Call for Detailsl TERMINALS UnkMC5 amber/green/whrte.... Unk MC80 14" color Wyse 55 amber/green/white Wyse 60 amber/green/white Wyse 160 amber/green/white... ...289.77 ...419.50 ...223.21 ...279,60 ...329.88 Xircom PE310BC pocket Ethernet coax 317.26 PE310B2 pocket Ethernet coax 277.51 PE310BT pocket Ethernet 10BT 277.51 PT316CTP pocket Token Ring III 475.83 PPX03 Parallel port multiplexor 77.80 PS-CE2 PCMCIA Ethernet 10BT 158.69 PS-CE2PCMCIAEthemetcombo 206.15 PS-CE2 PCMCIA Token Ring 409.84 MEMORTSkfSrEMS inu Jumbo 350 internal 139.87 Jumbo 700 inlemal 199.88 Jumbo 1400 internal 309.48 Trakker 250 parallel port 268.77 Trakker 350 parallel port 284.91 Trakker 700 parallel port 337.47 T1000 800MB Travan 195.38 Powertape 2.4GB SCSI internal 937.58 Powertape 2.4GB SCSI external 1077.99 iomega Zip drive 100MB parallel interface 199.00 Zip drive 100MB SCSI interface 199.00 Zip disks 100MB, 3pk 49.95 Ditto 420MB tape drive internal 99.00 Ditto 850MB tape drive internal 199.00 MICROSOLimONS Backpack 3.5" 1.44MB floppy parallel 146.32 Backpack 5.25" 1.2MB floppy parallel 155.28 Backpack 250MB tape backup parallel » 259.65 ■ MJ*l ; N.' l M'|.MM.',N.IF.l.l ; IL'na CONNER Tape'Stor 250MB internal 118.28 Tape'Stor 420MB internal 158.19 Tape'Stor 420MB parallel 309.48 Tape'Stor 800MB Travan internal. 236.83 Tape'Stor 800MB Travan parallel 392.73 Tape'Stor 850MB internal 219.87 Tape'Stor 850MB parallel 365.25 Tape'Stor 4GB inlemal IDE 539.78 i Mountain. FS8500 305MB IDE internal 313.53 SkJeCar II 305MB parallel 309.44 1200-4 4GB SCSI external 1634.49 Creative Labs Digital School House CD 2X kit internal 219.98 Sound Blaster Discovery 1 6 2x kit 277.11 Multimedia Home CD 4x kit internal 448.99 SoundBlaster value edition 48.37 SoundBlaster Pro value edition 68.74 Sound Blaster 16 value edition (IDE) 99.89 SoundBlaster 16 MCD 139.25 SoundBlaster 16 SCSI-2 178.95 SoundBlaster 16 ASP MCD 174.50 SoundBlaster 16 ASP SCSI-2 188.99 SoundBlaster AWE32 value edition.. 168,98 SoundBlaster AWE32 298.99 Micmsolutions 4X CD parallel w/sound Advent PP570 speakers 35W „ Advent PP622 spkrs/subwoofer Diamond 4000 Quad CD kit internal Diamond 5000 Quad CD kit internal _. Jensen JPS35 speakers 5W „. Jensen JPS45 speakers 10W , Logitech SoundMan Wave Mioosolutions 4X CD parallel NEC2Vi NEC 2V Deluxe NEC 3Xp Plus NEC 3Xp Plus Kit .. NEC6Xi NEC6Xe Pioneer DRM624X 6 disc 4X changer Pioneer DRM1804X 18 disc4X changer... Plextor 4plex quad external Plextor 4plex quad internal Plextor 6X internal Sigma Designs RealMagic Lite Sigma Designs RealMagic MPEG .. Sigma Designs RealMagic CD Kit... Sony CDU-55S SCSI 2X internal .... Sony 4X internal w/lDE interface... ....488.15 „.245.97 ....188.64 299.71 ....389.82 54.88 89.93 ....119.49 ....354.88 ....139.56 265.69 ....384.54 ....458.93 -.456.14 ....547.55 ....671.51 ..1879.28 ....559.85 ....419.79 ....499.87 ....258.59 366.53 Sony 4X interna) w/SCSI-2 interface Teac SuperQuad 4X internal Toshiba 3601 SCSI 4X internal ,. Turtle Beach Monte Carlo _ Turtle Beach Tropez.. Turtle Beach Monterey ....167.21 229.63 315.62 ....204.52 309.86 84.71 193.67 ....316.94 ^yCatComp DB III 12X12 4 button DB III 12X12 16 button DB III 12X12 pressure pen Drawing Slate II 12X12 4 button cordless .. ....299.67 ...299.97 ...389.97 ....228.98 EPSON" ES-1200-ProPC 1295.72 WLTM HEWLETT mL'lLM PACKARD ScanJet 3P 319.57 ScanJet 3P document feeder 209.49 ScanJet 3C W/ISA interface 936.65 ScanJet IICX document feeder 468.50 Scanjet IICX transparency adapter. 633.26 MICROTEK Scanmaker IIG grayscale 249.29 Scanmaker II color ....396.65 Scanmaker IISP cokx „ _ „ 495.32 Scanmaker IIHR color „ 749.98 ScanMaker III color. 2409.95 Scanmaker 35T sBde scanner 698.59 Summasketch 1111 2 X 12 16 button 218.58 Summasketch III 18 X 12 4 button 488.33 Mag Innovision DX15F 379.88 Mag Innovision DX17F 669.78 Mag Innovision MXP17F 896.97 Mag Innovision MX21F... 1689.47 Magnavox CM2089 14' .28 237.56 Magnavox CM2099 14' 28 Nl 249.34 Magnavox CM201 5 15' 1024 319.29 Magnavox CM4015 15' 1280 _ 375.84 Magnavox CM4017 17" .31 609.25 Magnavox CM4018 17" 28 664.57 Magnavox 20CM64 20* 1069.44 NEC3FGe15' 409.75 NECXV14 14" 311.63 NEC XV15 15' 433.03 NECXV17 17" 769.43 NEC XE15 15' 575.77 NECXE17 17" „ ....998.26 NECXE2121'.. _ _ 1779.24 NECXP15 15" „„ 579.68 NECXP17 17" 1095.36 NECXP21 2V 2169.43 Samsung 3 14' 233.44 Samsung 15GL 15' 372.89 Samsung 17GI.S 17" 859.82 Sony CPD-1425 14' 318.33 Sony 15SF 15' 459.65 Sony 17SF1 17" 879.48 Sony 20SE1 20' 1929.28 ViewSonic 15GS 15" .427.17 ViewSonic 17GS IT -737.48 ViewSonic 21PS21' 1693.70 ADS VGA to TV Elite internal 1 34.89 ADS VGA to TV Elite external 198.83 ATI Graphics Xpression ISA2MB 189.36 ATI Graphics Xpression VIJ3 2MB 189.36 ATI Graphics Xpression PCI2MB 189.36 ATI Graphics ProTurbo ISA2MB 319.97 ATI Graphics Pro Turbo VIJ3 2MB 319.97 ATI Graphics Pro Turbo PCI 2MB 319.97 ATI Graphics ProTurbo PCI 4MB 449.68 Diamond SpeedStar Pro ISA 1MB „...95.69 Diamond SpeedSTar 64 ISA 2MB 199.00 Diamond Stealth 64 VLB 2MB VRAM 316.64 Diamond Stealth 64 PCI 2MB VRAM ..316.64 Hercules Dynamite Pro ISA 1MB 147.84 Hercules Dynamite Pro ISA 2MB , 189.80 Hercules Dynamite PowerVLB 1MB 144.77 Hercules Dynamite Power VIJ3 2MB 198.29 Hercules Terminator 64 PCI 2MB .315.30 Hercules Terminator 64 VIJ3 2MB 31 5.30 Intel Smart Video Recorder Pro 398.99 If You Find a Better Price, Call CDW® Before You Buy (800) 959-4CDW NASDAQ No surcharge for credit cards BUY WITH CONFIDENCE CDW® IS A NASDAQ TRADED COMPANY TICKER SYMBOL CDWC D & B rated 5A1 Duns 10-762-7952 CDUP TELEPHONE HOURS Safes 7:00 -9300 COT Morvfti ft005:OOCOTSaL Tech Support for Customers 8:00-7:00 COT Mon-fti MJ0h5.-00 COTSat MOST ORDERS SHIP THE SAME DAY CDW Computer Centers, Inc. • 1020 E. Lake Cook Road • Buffalo Grove, IL 60089 COMPUTER DISCOUNT WAREHOUSE EPSON Stylus Color II High resolution color Inkjet printer ♦ Resolution: 360 x 360 dpi ♦ Maximum print speed: 2.5 ppm ♦ Fonts: 4 scaleable, 3 LQ y • ♦ Paper capacity: 100 sheets ♦ Paper types: plain paper, labels, envelopes, transparencies, Epson 360, 720 and high quality glossy ♦ Paper sizes: letter, legal, A4, B5, statement, executive ♦ Maximum print area: 8.03" x 10.34" (letter) ♦ Parallel interface ♦ 2 year warranty > — . wA.* TOSHIBA T2100 DX2/50 250MB mono 1258.33 T2100CS DX2/50 330MBdualcolor „ .1799.82 T2100CT DX2/50 330MB actcolor -2438.64 T21 10CS DX4/75 350MB pas color 1999.80 T2130CS DX4/75 520MB act color 2524.52 T2130CT DX4/75 520MB pas color. .3036.59 T2150CS DX4/75 500MB pas color CD „2966.1 6 T2150CT DX4/75 500MB act color CD .3669.85 T2400CS 320MB dua! color 1 699.00 T2400CT 250MB act color. 2529.43 T2400CT 320MB ad color .2597.87 T2450CT 320MB act color. 3108.10 T2450CT 500MB act color 3198.17 T3600CT 500MB actcolor. 3188.39 T48SOCT DX4/75 520MB act color 3268.67 PorJeqe 610CT L/90 720MB ad color 4338.05 400CS 5/75 810MB dual color 3996.15 400CDT 5/75 810MB act color CD 4819.78 T4900CT 5/75 772MB actcolor 4397.33 AST Ascentia 910N 4/500 340MB pas color. .2459.73 Ascerrtia 910N 4/75 510MB pas color 2649.50 Ascentia 910N4/75 510MB ad color 3679.81 Ascerrtia 910N 4/75 710MB ad color 3965.22 Ascentia 950N 5/75 500MB dual color 3348.81 Ascentia 950N 5/75 800MB dual color .3636.46 Ascentia 950N 5/75 800MB ad color .4719.13 Ascentia 950N 5/75 1.2GB act color 5162.24 Advantage! 6066<J 4/66 540MB CD 1019.62 Advantage! 8075p 5/75 1GB CD 1843.13 Advantage! 8100p 5/100 1GB CD .2519.33 ThinkPad portables 360CE DX2/50 340MB act color 3099.00 360CE DX2/50 540MB act cotof 3449.00 701 CS DX4/75 360MB act color 4299.00 701CS DX4/75 540MB act color 4599 00 701 CS DX4/75 540MB pas color 3849.00 755CE DX4/100 540MB ad color 5349.00 755CE DX4/100 810MB actcolor 5799.00 755CD DX4/100 540MB actcolor, CD 6349.00 755CD DX4/100 810MB ad color, CD 6799.00 755CX 5/75 540MB ad color 6549.00 755CX 5/75 810MB act color 6999.00 Aptfva Aptiva 535 DX2/66 540MB 1349.00 PC300 Series desktops PC300 5/75 8MB. 540MB 1612.26 PC300 5/90 16MB. 850MB 2381.26 PC3S0 5/75 8MB.540MB 1879.00 PC3S0 5/75 16MB, 850MB .2339.00 PC350 5/90 16MB, 850MB 2743.00 PC750 5/90 16MB. 540MB 2961.00 PC750 5/90 16MB. 540MB. CD 3565.00 NEC Versa V DX2/50 250MB dualclr. .2149.87 Versa V DX2/50 250MB actclr .2296.63 Versa V DX2/50 340MB actdr 2389.81 Versa V DX2/50 540MB act dr 2678.65 Versa 2000D 4/75 4MB. 350MB dual clr .1919.84 Versa 2000C 4/75 4MB, 350MB actdr 2257.17 Versa 2000C 4/75 8MB, 350MB actdr 2489.73 Versa 2000C 4/75 8MB. 540MB act clr 2678.82 Versa M DX4/75 340MB true dr 2848.67 Versa M DX4/75 540MB hi-res clr 3337.46 Versa M DX4/100 540MB hires clr 3939.55 Versa M DX4/100 540MB true dr 3426.27 Versa M DX4/100 810MB hi-res dr .4349.06 Versa P 5/75 540MB act dr 4647.39 Versa P 5/75540MB hi-res clr. .4619.83 Versa P 5/75 810MB act dr 5029.66 Versa P 5/75 810MB 9.5" hi res clr 4998.58 Versa P 5/75 810MB 10.4* hires clr 5349.62 ■J^ Texas Instruments TM4O00 M DX4/75 455MB dual color , 2499.78 TM4O00M DX4/75 524MB ad color .2848.00 TM4OO0M DX4/100 524MB ad color 3529.84 TM5000 5/75 524MB dual color 3868.65 TM5000 5/75 810MB act color 4539.22 TMS000 5/90 1.2GBactcotor CALLI WHY SETTLE FOR LESS? CDW® SERVICES YOU BETTER iwJ.mi.iiiu;M.Mtmiay»T MultiSpin 6X Series • 145ms access, 900KB/sec data transfer rate • 256KB buffer for smooth audio/video playback • Internal (6Xi) or external (6Xe) form factor • Rotating anti-dust door • Front panel controls and backlit LCD status display • Multisession PhotoCD compatible • SCSI-2 interface (host adapter sold separately) 6Xi $456.1 4 CDW 53460 6Xe $547 .55 CDW 53461 \*I*1X lOEi ■.MJ.'.riMk- ZH£SI 184 Turbo OKJDATA 219.14 ML320 299.88 ML320 ML321- 427.40 ML380 212.43 ML395- ML395C ML520 365.77 M( 21. .427.71 ML591 579.12 OL400E 349.38 OL410E OL410E/PS ... 759.86 O1.810 „ OL810E. OLB30 Plus.... OL1200 OKI JET 2010. 367.77 Canon BJ30mono BJC70 color BJ100 BJ200ex _ BJ230 BJC600ecotor BJC4000 720dpi + cotor... ....259.88 ....355.65 ....175.86 ....199.70 ...391.55 ....471 .99 ....348.78 EPSON ...96.64 LQ2S50 965.08 ...146.45 DFX5000 Ptus .....1528.29 FX870 303.95 Stylus 600+ .215.47 FX1170 .405.23 Stylus 1000 „.. 479.34 LO1070+ .409.64 Stylus Color 529.53 LQ870 454.44 ActionLaser 1100...383.62 LQ1170 689.85 ActionLaser 1400...495.53 LEXMARK LASER PRINTERS WinWriter 400 laser „ WinWriter 600 laser 755.03 999.00 VakieWriter 300 (4037 5E 5PPM) 644.87 VaJueWriter 600 laser 815.87 4039 10 Plus 10ppm ...1218.36 ...1423 63 Optra Rx ibppm ExecJet He ...19B8.33 293.76 Panasonic 1150 133.49 2023 182.27 2130 204.40 2135 Color 247.43 3123 .....249.00 5400 Laser 388.55 KX-SP100 prtnter/Tax/copier 776.54 *& Texas Instruments microLaser 600 865.10 microLaser Pro 600 PS23 1197.02 microLaser Pro E 1395.49 microLase r Power Pro 600 PS65 1599.76 ...698.55 ...219.49 DeskJet 660C 489.76 DeskJet 1600C 1369.07 DeskJet 1600CM „ 1992.48 LaserJet 5P 899.77 LaserJet 4 plus 1449.96 ....2999.95 LabelWriter XL WIN 139.86 LabelWriter XL Plus Win 224.89 ■ !M : |.M;IW±*l.M<LJ:MHd 270MB Fast-ATA 345MB SCSI-2 425MB Fast-ATA 155.76 540MB Fast-ATA 185.85 Moomus 4221 2GB SCSI-2 1936 3GB SCSI-2 .958.89 3243 4.3GB SCSI-2 1499.87 425MB IDE 164.32 540MB IDE 209.40 850MB Fast-ATA ......266.08 1.27GB Fast-ATA 373.31 AHConner drives listed include complete hardv»<are and software. ^Seagate 428MB Fast-ATA installation 158.10 545MB Fast-ATA 187.74 855MB Fast-ATA2 1GB Fast-ATA2 .286.59 1GB SCSI-2 495.32 WESTERN DIGITAL Caviar540MB EIDE 189.36 Caviar 730MB EIDE 216.24 CONTROLLERS Acculogic SIDE-3^ w/orv6oard BIOS Acculogic SIDE 4+ w/par.2ser, game Acculogic SIDE-4VL EIDE. 16550 serial „ 48.90 35.06 89.76 126.49 Adaptec AVA1505 SCSI-2 CO Kit. 54.95 Adaptec AHA1542CF SCSI-2 .265.45 Adaptec AVA2825 VLB SCSI-2/EIDE ...... 166.87 Adaptec 2842 VLB SCSI-2 „ Promise 2300+ EIDE VLB 59.87 Mototics SPORTSTER MODEMS V.34 28.8K internal w/lax 189.88 V.34 28.8K external w/lax 204.86 Vi28.8K internal w/tax & voice 208.70 Vi 28.8Kexlemalw/f ax & voice .225.33 14.4K internal w/lax 94.81 14.4K external w/lax 111.00 COURIER MODEMS ©Hayes ACCURA288 V.34 external w/tax 218.8J OPTIMA 144 external w/fax 374.30 OPTIMA 144 pocket w/fax 312.59 OPTIMA 288 V.34 internal wrtax 365.1 4 OPTIMA 288 V.34 external w/fax 419.44 V.34 28.8 internal w/tax ... BOCA Online Express 14.4 internal w/fax. 64.25 Online Express 14.4extemalw/fax 79.78 V.34 28.8 intemalw/tax 159.00 V.34 28.8 external w/tax .205.00 MICROCOM Deskporte ES 14.4 .146.39 Deskporte Fast ES V.34 28.8 179.94 Deskporte Fast EP V.34 28.8 .239.99 msEssMBttsasMsssMsam American Power Conversion BackUPS 900 BackUPS1250.. SmartUPS 400... SmartUPS 600.... SmartUPS 900 SmartUPS 1250... Surge Arrest Network .. Surge Arrest Pro... 99.53 ...144.28 ....175.81 ....243.00 ...345.76 ....449.29 ....299.69 ...363.38 ...514.61 ...644.24 ....33.25 .29.45 49.98 ...119.09 BC250 BC PERS 420... BC PRO 550... BC PERS 500 ... BC PRO 675 .. BC PRO 850... Tripp Lite BC PRO 1050 BC PRO 1400 SMART UPS SERIES NEW SMART 280 LAN SMART 450 LAN SMART 675 LAN SMART 850 LAN SMART 1050 LAN SMART 1400 LAN Isobar 4 OUTLET Isobar 6 OUTLET 94.97 ...138.91 ....188.16 ...173.09 ...231.43 ....289.03 ...327.59 ...426.10 m'Hr.H.l.H l ...2 18.30 ....273.94 ....313.69 ...389.74 ....455.07 ....569.41 38.95 46.38 ....213.38 3Com Etherlink NIB combo.... Adaptec APA1460 SCSI-2 .209.69 Hayes EZJack 14.4 w.lax 169.75 Hayes EZJack V.34 w/lax 299.87 IBM Token Ring 16/4 399.97 Linksvs Ethernet combo 167.56 Megahertz 14.4K data/lax 179.48 Megahertz XJack 14.4 data/lax 169.55 Megahertz XJack Gold 14.4 data/fax 198.89 Megahertz V.34 XJack data/tax 299.78 New Media Bus Toaster SCSI-2 host 197.92 New Media Wave Jammer sound card 229.48 New Media Multimedia Combo 439.80 Simple Tech 14.4K data/tax modem 145.51 Simple Tech 14. 4 K modem* voice 143.07 Simple Tech Ethernet 10BT adapter 129.16 SimpteTech SCSt adapter.. 163.68 Simple Tech 130MB hard drive 359.88 Simple Tech 170MB hard dnve 404.60 SMC SMC Elite Ethernet combo .. Turtle Beach Audio Advantage .1 1 9.98 USR Sportster 14.4K 178.90 USR Sportster V.34 319.40 Xircom Ethernet coax 79.00 Xircom Ethernet 10BT 158.69 Xircom Ethernet combo 206.15 Xircom Ethemet+modem 10BT 319.69 .416.67 ... 409.84 125.68 139.79 175.96 395.45 SV5l frp/e liKMwna AST Ascentia 910N 4MB .CALL! ASTPowerExec 4/33SL 4MB CALL! HP LaserJet 4P 4MB.. ...CALL! ' LaserJet 4 4MB .CALL! » LaserJet 4 8MB CALL! IBM ThinkPad 500 4MB CALLI IBM ThinkPad 5008MB CALLI IBM ThinkPad 7554MB .CALLI IBM ThinkPad 7558MB CALL! Toshiba 1900-4600 4MB CALLI Toshiba 1900-4600 8MB ... Toshiba 1900-4600 16MB CALLI Toshiba 4700/4800 32MB CALL! NEC Versa 4MB CALL! NEC Versa 8MB CALL! FREE TECHNICAL SUPPORT FOR CDW® CUSTOMERS. CDW® Sells for Less and Services You Better! (800) 959-4CDW FAX (708)465-6800 ei995 CDW " ^^ Camera. Inc. BYTE 1363 Internet: info@cdw.com WWW: http://www.cdw.co CALL FOR FREE CDW CATALOG irele 118 on Inquiry Card- FOR MEMORY! ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW Is THE NAME OF YOUR PC? Our upgrade experts have detailed configuration information on thousands of computers and printers, from the j oldest to the latest models. We provide you with an "Easy Upgrade" by providing you with the following information: 1. Your System Memory Features 2. How Much Memoiy You Really Need 3. Memory Products Available for Your System 4. The Most Cost Effective Upgrade Path for Your System 5. Your Systems Minimum and Maximum Memory Capabilities First Source International takes the confusion out of your memory purchase. ■ Take advantage of our service and the savings! PERSONAL COMPUTER MEMORY CAC J32x8-15ns HE CHIPS r j_ 32x<H5ns^J7j AST «m I'lvnniiM ex P/icn. p/w win soisos-ooi sm J2MB*01S67-W1 S l.(W? It* PmiiiniaMIK SEP/60 4MB S01IS9-001 Sl'JO J&aWWlQJ.— -S712 Br.no.3Sh-SYttV2Si.38& 2MB WKNMI02 388 Bnno.V25s 2MB SWTI0O04 _.SS9 COMPAa HEW ftvsann Sill. IK) and 'JO0 s-ries [Mill 501560-OQl S(m 4.\ui N7322-MJ] SIS9 8MB 147S2J4»I S.W? Mttft 5M56WB1.. .51.999 I&ffil47fl440! S549 32MB l-rs2v0U]....Sl()l<) ,«» I'nd jam 20(10 and 4000 Miics. SiidHiipw XL 16UBI4W9-OQ1 SIM J2MB 14W12-O01....SH26 64MB MWl.vMJl S243& I28M I4HH4BI....S4W 'fiiljIkJl v'2^: >'2lZS 2MB l-irSHWl SWf SUB 141742-001 S.5W hUMlis 8MB 500824002 S.Winjvji fcfcnt^e! Has 4860X63: DXJ-So, DXJ# #U1 50II6K4KII- SI'S SMH 500824-OUI S.i2'J Advantage! a>d ^drainage! Pro .386SV/20. 25. Bran) .v.i.fc 1MB «0* 2-001 SSf] 8MB SO09G2CW2 Sri AihaiiLigtf Pro iSfiilXG.i: SX/25 600 aid 800 *t*s. PtuUnea 4/J PnilJiva MT a/id ItnUiva Knliann-d wt 141634-001 .43i4/SL*tf iftoSffrfata - HEWLETT-PACKARD HEW Utira \L2. XI'. XI . Ml \2 ami XM2 uroLfe Vrtumw-LXLljCandlJiiiuiW* 4MB D2974A SITS 8MB B297S* Sjlfi , K.MBD2.TA $60y 32MB D229KA SI 152 VtttajQSmdRSmodds i 4MB D1S42 or 164 2JL... SIT' \itw 486 M. Ml. S. XI and XII models 2MB B2JBU S95 8MB D2B2A SJOi 4MB DU%» SHI 16MB U2ty(A S611 , \i«n .586/25. 4.86/251 : ,5.31 : 3.3ST; SOI ; 66] and 66ST 2MB D238IA $93 s '^ (TW Wn JSWtfV \l n»drk. '•»lfe^l S* r 2MB l)J-H\ S9 [12 ISM... ...SiS- U.I II. IF. *IMT ■tea,2S6Kcdi' 50l2*i-0o4 $69 4MB StwW7-tKj2 .. .51SI PP* t 'tMI\»k.<»1'li|Sl 50l50>flOI S72 lOAIIlSKW-OO* SSIM J'MIJ SOOW-OOv. .SIOSM 1'n.inuun SS6/2 S; ii .i.iTandl'iwniiiin II 586SX/Ui li).!^ 1MB 5007*Ht.t 002 $45 Itanium .5S6/.53T. .WftSX/Ki and i'amiiim II 5.S6.W20; 2S 4MB S007SO-OOH mi .Vhatil:ifiL-! 4BW25: 55; 53|>: SX2H. Itanium .Sem* SK 1/33 P««»\t Prciniuinaitd ItaiiiumTLall mudi-b Premium 1 1 386/25: .35. 486/35 A86.SX/20 smi! wo-ao-imi S2>jx DELL tf* (»iKi|ik-\ MK aikl V mudeis. Piwwtdi* SK iiml-l. IVifmraaiKX' L M nudTiimdcli 4MB 510-3325 SIS! It III .510-3*27 .... ..SS2S Pww Hekw(i and Lritt Profile Pu*it lX?Jcifj|t iiK*k4» 1MB 510-2505... S4'l 4MB .SH1-2S0'. . . .SIS! 16MB 310-2621.. _ sn; Pwvbi'rtJitftijffaLiliuii ilKiinlSH iikxV'Is 2MB 3102460 Sff) *IB 310-2*67 SW >iMB 3IO-246.S .. ..... S.30S 16MB 510 _M6y SV1 FVifMinaiKv ME inwMs SMB 310-333S i.SOS 32MB 3IO-.33.fi SI220 ZjENITH »W Z-400+.Z-.StaliMii SI'Ji. SKn. S!i. Sit. [)Ui. Illi aikl Xiii Z-.W+UO Slths. ZH20AX. Z-ilVSX. Zh.i.MIX: SX 4MB MK-IOO SI79 lf>Mli Mi 'J(l Sdli) FSI STOCKS CaCHE CHIPS FOB] I STANDARD SIMMS*S IBM y A|«iv:i 500. SCXl and 700 series •1MB n/i SIS') 16MB n/a. S509 4MB 7461259- i Edaqucst jO . 40 and SO modds 4MB 60GO896 SI74 CVl 284 386SX 2MB 92TO3S SS3 i \aluc]»ini IWunnana 1 models 4MB 92G920I SI79 8MB 92G7 5 PV1 Ok tail lanl. Essoilial. Kxptft imidds \4.i. v PV\a!i*5WtM all iiKikt rscqx Qcs tnodds 4MB 'X'TOW -- II.MB 9619291 4MB 921-Wi SI65 30-PIN lx3-70ns(JdiipmiB). J 35* I x 9-70ns (1MBJ s 37 4x9-70ns(4MB) 126 16 x9-70ns (16MB) 568 72-PIN 512X36-70I1S (2MB) -92 1 x 36-70ns (4MB) M40 2 X 36-70ns (8.MU) J 294 4x36-70ns(l6MB) s 548 .I'S-'Hnn-ulMiii 1-Wiirul. l-:\|«iin:kl.-N 16MB 96W291 - PS/2 2V2S6. .50/286 2MB W5560 PS/2 5SSX: I.S.40S.V S07. SS.SX: I-S.6VSX: 15.70. XSiaiiui 2MB 6lS0604 VSJ1 TO-X2I: V.I: B2I: U6I. I'Sflalui'jKiinlCxx uk«L4> r.VI (imsidtanl. iisnilial. livjurrt imnlis 2MB 64MiOS ltekl"n»> , *-2(). 2S. ,4,SS-20t 2Se 1MB U.3I3I4WI S62 4MB 11,5152-001 SI6 Uskl'nJ.iSftfOfi 4MB I12S34-00I SI'J 4\llllml 115054-001 $2S Itekhu V2Si; 55*. 4/2SiS: 33i Ma. 280V >%\: SX/20. 20\. SvMfl)ll'n>IJ:uid\lViHS 4111 USftyO-Ofl SIS SIB II8S77 00I S.5S I'niSigiiia PC Scoi-r 4WV35: UX2/66 16MB l4952i-0ll SCI SIIS 16MB 410-12005 16MB 11/1 16MB OP4I0.6206.. SS% S(,10 NEC ' tfVI Image 423. 43.1.466 4MB 410-12002. Keadj 42S- 155 4\U{ 11/a. . ... PiwiTjialf WM 4M11 (H'llO-620i PiMwMaK 1 SX Hie JXlBlloaid n/a. S163 4MB lloanl 11/3 S. i'lmTlatL- SX/20 , 2MB f|isTjik' HI'410-8101 S! IMBfbnnl Ol'-M0-!!l024Jil05..- SI I'mwMak' 386/20. 2S 2MB APC-Hfm S2I9 SMll AP(;il6Sf(, PWWMaB .586/331-:. 486/2SK 2MB (H'HlO-SIOl SI" PS/2 3SSX: LS. 4«S\. SSSX: LS. (iSS.V IX. XStaLim. l*S-'\;ihfc.Tn>iiit liw intkk4i 4MB 3HK2955 "if XT 1 /)"" IV2 5SMX: LS. HISS. PSMMuepuim 8MB 64S0I2') IV2 90 XP. ;i XI! P"S l[iai/s) V). 57 (all* VS/\ I'm M2I 2MB 6iSW2 PS/2 '.» XP.9S XP. P7S IpaiiM S6. S"-(a!lnxidelsl PVI amsulL-uil. KaliiwI. Kxpnl nxxHs. I'V I |'mM2U5 4MB OlSl)12X SI69 SMB 64SOI.50 S.1S6 py2SO-lll:3ll:!2l:52l:0!il;l(,l 2MB 64S037V S49 IV2JW-A21:A3I:AI6 4MB 64Si060 SIS6 WE SET THE STANDARD! ► 1 00% GUARANTEED Memoiy Guaranteed - 100% Compatible in form, fit & function ►lifetime warranty On all Paragon Memory & Kingston Technology products ► EASY TO INSTALL All products user installable, installation instructions included with most memory products ►free support Free technical support & direct dial lines for immediate response ►special pricing Government & educational pricing, special volume pricing ►plus . . . Overnight delivery available No surcharge on credit cards Corporate PO's, APO/FPO's welcome WHY SETTLE FOR LESS! |-\|i.Wisicin Ixianlsfor I V2 S02S6 lus.d inrnUs 4-KiMHtt/iMll 6450f>0<J (ux'72-piiil i:\nansiui) Ixiardsftir PS'2 S03S6 h-ased models 2-l4MB«/2MB .54l ; .50^ _ tM 4-U,MB«/4MI) 3-il-'50M S- h W CuxKiUlP-iill.IIR.IIT 2MB S65-l«*)_ l^iAdiMiLascr ICXJ0. ISO* S12K n/a S3S m EpMNIACIiUlUstTlIK) 2MB ii/i. ........SIOS KpsoiiAdiiHiljjtt 1WM 4MB n/a SIS'J lli'l-mtkl 4L 1MB C2024A... .Vttiitia.HOOX.KIIIX «H.V<iiH!a900\.9l0X 17UTT "W^ 4MI ...S199 ....$339 ....Wi9 Texas Instruments Tr.iU'l\laie40lUM.40OOK 4MB.. SIS') 16MB ..S>W tt* TravlMaic SOori smb., S4>« 16MB SSS9 4MB n/a...... SIS') it* Astuilia W 16MB ii/:u S6UJ D.T2I10.T2U0.T2ISO 16MB COMPAQ Hi* L.iSLTjLt III* 1II.1IIK HID 2MB 3347511.. S95 4MB 534770. Ill' tNTto II. Ill) 2MB .5.344411. S'/S 4MB .33N5B.... IIPLaM!rJii(ll»i.4.*M. *Si. »SiM\. XLSO0.lta.kki I. 1MB CJlXiiV S4!i 1511 C20f>4\ ... 4MB C20(»S\ ...Sr4 SAIB CKXnTiA.. . «M III' Layfjcl 4P. 4MI'. Culor IjeoJ.4 2MB C3I51.V .S9S 4MB C.5I.52V... m HP Dedikl S00. SOIC. S20. 520C SSIXi. S60. S60T. 2S6K 22'O^B If* III' Iteisjik-l SP. SMI' | 4MB C5U2V... -...SHI m/beximklasx i0IS l II nxji'ti) 2MB 10.5Sfi"S Sir 5-S' IBM/U-sncnl: la«?r#29 (all iiMcifcl 1MB 1185534 Sb" 4MI IBM/Unmade La^T-1059. 40 7 9 (all nx 4M11 1.528365.. OkiLascr4(X) 1MB 7001)701 |S()kiLasw«Kk-.41 2MB n/:L..... ... SMB SMB S5S9 16MB 9699 4MB SI8S 8MB $399 16MB i(m 4MB SI79 SMB S.W 16MB S6S<j 4MB SIKS 8MB... S3» I6MIJ ... S65-) Digital SPi 8MB <54'l «V» llmikl'ad 360 16MB... IBM Microsoft * Windows'95 " Ve nvwmiviitl ICMIiqfUU! (for Viiitkur.? ')=>). fkirtkulaHrfmifi/iiii lo nm imdlipl? aftilkntiausS 9 * * • PC Mapane.Mai 16. 1995 ■ ■ . kW///,;< itivnmry is tie «y/is/ nw It Jftvtl bcml tM [iijaiimiiiiv in \vtir ststtm. 9 9 " " * *iiKlo»«.Souro!sMn)pz)iii;..4nri! 199> 16MB.... 24.MB... iMBl.5.5 „™„i.Speciat-: 16MB ... 32 Ml... T3J00SI. 4MB.. 8MB... T4400. ITrtOO (all nwfefa) 4MB . . 8MB 16MB... TS4O0.TS.'0O:rS2OOC"I>lSoa i\in OkiLiser 8.50. 8.30 i'lits.B40 2MB n/a $124 4-V Panasonic Lavtl'artiK-r 44(XJ. >»U0 2MB KX-I'KMI SIK) 4\ I»ana5onic L"iserf'amkT44lO. 4430 2MB KX-1'444 SIIS 4\ I'anasonicl aa ti'.ufliar 44 SOL 44 20 2MB KX-1'441 SII6 4M ...Siut m Tliiiikl'ad ".V) ■Himki'ad I'imit-'UO lliinkCnd l'o«trS30 Tliinkl':id 7SS 16MB. S 32MB SI.. 4MB s SMI! s. 16MB.. ... S( 8M11 MB C NEC KiMII.... 4MB. 16MB... 32MB... 12MB.... 16MB.... 32MB..-. .-.SS'W Sdl'J .....S 1.4.39 iCHLLFOHHNVHENOHVi ! UPGHHDE NOT LISTED j I He siurt meat«q opyades for tttees*ts of cflrajBTHs & prBtes I I 1 Call the Upgrade Experts ORDER TODAY! 800-64 1 -9866 Circle 124 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 125). ».,.J:NM!l,'.U.',M:fl 6 FedEx Economy Two- Day- Service federal Eicpres ^J HOURS Monday - Friday • 7am - 5pm, PST Saturday, 9am - 3pm (onhs only) MAIL OR FAX ORDERS TO: (714) 448-7750 • FAX: (714) 448-7760 Gnnpuxm* /\tklnat M1I.S:SA1J5@ ISOURQ- Fiisl Source Inleniational 7 Jouniey • Aliso Viejo, California 92656 i'. 1 ''.!. ■■iiii 1 ■!'.'.■. (AiJuc-jntinLiN'Jumlnil'iiuiiiiiTi'iill :;:,.iiSv. IWiinN.m-siinl Iiin2ir.r'*iijiisliv4iiililiiih^ili h «ib iimi imlgar nr. oil Mimr, mifJ W ... i». n-vilii- o..U>i. D 'd»b^ -3 <«3iul|ail;ipi!]lti:iirj*.cmKm:iiciKa(l;iZE»»>& *c«ill j ri<<n]((Hi:(iP!<i l"™»i\JVnT'iiAcijrnih)'lt^tniiUBOnni A il»i»\l Si/luan- .r ot*m orJtpiM] >\*n«. \ KcTim W«rt»»K' \«llinrj»ii ( hir ,i , T .!i rmJ Rot S. htnand inn h: >»(>itWi- rnicMnM.^Ji"'|Ji«4T^J» Inltinii'v ail iv-Mrml BUY, SELL OR UPGRADE YOUR HARD DISK & PC (714) 505-3157 Int'l Orders / Tech Assistance Inquiries HARD DISK PRICES SLASHED IDE ESDI MFM/RLL 40MB $69 Micropolis 1355 $125/ ST-225 20MB $39/ 65MB $69 /• Micropolis 1558 $199 ST-251 40MB $79 120MB $109 XT-4380E $179 210MB $149 XT-8760E $399/ Maxtor, Seagate ST-4766E $499 Available Conner & Maxtor A vailable LOOKING FOR SOMETHING SPECIAL? ASK US! ST-151 40MB $129 ST-4096 80MB $109 / Prlam-185 71MB $69 / ST-238R 32MB $69 ST-277R 65MB $99 XT-2190 145MB $299 XT-1 140 120MB $279 SCSI ST-225N $49 ST-277N $69 ST-4380N $179/ COMPAQ CP4021 $149 CP4041 $209 CP2121 $179 Quantum & WD Available NEW HARD DRIVES 1 2.5" Notebook j Drives CPU IDE - 3.5" 540MB $169 850MB $199 1.26GB $279 SCS1-II 540MB $239 1.08GB $499 2.10GB $999 4.00GB $1499 WIDE SCSI-1! 1.08GB $599 2.10GB $1099 4.10GB $1699 40MB $79 65MB $89 120MB $159 250MB $199 340MB $299 540MB $399 810MB $599 £££CJAL 240MB Maxtor ...$199 65MB 486DX2-66 $79 486DX2-80 $119 486DX4-100 $129 Pentium 90 $329 Pentium 100 ....$429 FOR "HARD-TO'FIND" HARD DISKS CALL JIM OR MANDY DATA RECOVERY By Experts UNIX, DOS, MAC, OS/2, NOVELL Almost 100% Success CALL FOR ESTIMATE No Recovery - Ho Charge Ask tor Jim, Matt or Mandy UNIVERSITY, SCHOOLS, GOVERNMENT & CORPORATE P.O.'S WELCOME MOTHERBOARDS CPU INCLUDED 386 SX/40 $69 386 DX/40 $99 486 SLC-33 $69 486 DLC-40 $99 486 DX-33 $139 486 DX2/66 $159 486DX2/80 $179 Pentium 90 $499 Pentium 100 $599 SPECIAL /// DX4-100MB with 256 Cache, Fan & CPU $239 387SX 387DX *7o0e Stud-'Ufr Sfreccoi Trakker djH QQ 250MB N* H ^^ Limited Quantities Available 486DX2/66 4MB. 256K Cache, MiniTower, DX2/66 CPU w/Cooling Fan, 256K VGA Card, 540MB HD 101 Keyboard $599 486SLC/33 2MB RAM, IDE / IO MiniTower, 1 .44 FDD 200MB HD, 256K VGA Card 101 Keyboard $359 486DX4/100 4MB, 256K Cache, MiniTower, DX4/100 CPU w/Cooling Fan, 1.2GB HDD, 2S/1P Ports 256K VGA Card, 101 Keyboard $799 OnSlte Warranty Option Available on All Systems... Ask About It! PENTIUM 100 SPECIAL MiniTower, Pentium 100 CPU w/Cooling Fan, 8MB RAM, PC/IDE Controller, 1 .44 FDD 1.2GB, 2S/1P Port, 1MB SuperVGA 101 Keyboard SUPER PRICE $1299 DX2/80 Super Special MiniTower, Motherboard CPU w/Cooling Fan, IDE/IO, 1.44 FDD 101 Keyboard $299 DX4/100 Hi Tech Special MiniTower, Motherboard CPU w/Cooling Fan, 256K Cache, 250 Watt Power Supply $299 Talk to Out System Specialists Matt or Mandy tor your Custom-Made Systems CONTROLLERS, ETC. MFM 8/16 $29 IDE 16 Bit $19 IDE 8 Bit $49 SCSI 8 Bit $39 SCS1 16 Bit $89 ESD1 16 Bit (300MB) $49 ESD1 16 Bit (1GB) $149 Adaptec 1542 $219 Adaptec 2940 $239 IDE VLB $29 SRAM/CACHE MEMORY 32K x 8, 64K x 8 & 128Kx8 CALL! FLOPPY DISK DRIVES 1.2 Call for current price 1.44 Call for current price BRACKETS/ FRAME KITS Floppy Bracket $25 Hard Disk Bracket $10 2.5" to 3.5" Conversion $29 DEMO NOTEBOOK $399 MONITOR - .28DP 14" -1024x768 MULTI-MEDIA CD-ROM - 2 Speed with Sound Blaster, Speakers .. $199 CD-ROM - 4 Speed with Sound Blaster, OEM Card, Titles $299 MEMORY 256x9 $11.99 1x3-70 $36.99 4x3 - 70 $129,99 4MB - 72 Pins $149.99 8MB - 72 Pins $299.99 16MB - 72 Pins $499.99 32MB - 72 Pins $899 CALL FOR CURRENT PRICES WE BUY MEMORY SIMMS & HARD DISKS Call Perry, Mandy or Matt (714)505-3157 IBM PS-1, PS-2 THINKPAD VALUE POINT CORNER Ask for Jim Bullitt PS-2 MODEL 25&30 Hard Drives 20MB $95 30MB $125 40MB $149 80MB $199 340MB $249 1GB $539 THINKPAD DRIVES Model 360/750/783 340MB $399 540MB $499 710MB $649 810MB $699 Ask for prices on PS1 & P$2 Floppy Drives, 355X-40SX 40/80 139/179 340MB $249 1GB $539 50.70 Series 30MB $79 60MB $199 420MB $299 1GB $599 THINKPAD MEMORY 4MB ...Call for price 8MB ... Call for price Value Point Memory 4MB $159 8MB $315 16MB $579 $179 For Customer Service Call between 11:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. PST at (714) 505-3831 800-801-9400 Call Toll Free for Orders Only Vi3A MasterCard ASHTEK INC. 2600-B WALNUT AVE., TUSTIN, CA 92680 THESE ARE CASH PRICES A SUBJECT TO CHANGE WTTHOUT NOTICE. SHIPPING BY FEDERAL EXPRESS AND U.P.S. C.O.D. - (Thmntlm m 20% r**tocklng cliarg:) 714-505-2693 FORFAX ORDERS American Express |Card DISC#V€R Circle 135 on Inquiry Card. PRODUCT COMPLEAT GUIDE 800-298-4727 i TOSHIBA Satellite Pro 400 ■ Built-in 4X CD-ROM Drive (Swap floppy and CD-ROM) ; »■ I [J; metro ttMcrYiiB (Active model only-optional on Dual Scan) ■ Pentium 75MHz Processor ■ Built-in 16-bit sound, microphone, speaker & MIDI ■ 10.4" Active & Dual Scan ■ Built-in AC adapter - small, sleek design & reduced weight ■ Integrated Accupoint - small, accurate & easy to use ■ Lithium Ion battery technology ■ Built-in inf raided for no hassle printer connections Processor Screen Pentium 75MHz 10.4" Dual Scon 772MB $3539 Pentium 75MHz 10.4" Active 772MB 4359 Pentium 75 Built-in 4X CD-ROM Portege610CT Processor Screen Pentium 90MHz 9.5" True Color 720MB $4359 PortegeSlOCT T213Q Additional Toshiba Notebooks ,f— Processor Screen T4900GT Pentium 75 10.4" Active Satellite T2 100 486DX2/50 9.5" Mono 486DX2/50 1 0.4" Duol Scan 486DX2/50 8.4" Active Satellite T2 150 486DX4/75 10.4" Dual Scan 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 250MB 500MB 500MB T4900 Versa V 486DX2/50 486DX2/50 486DX2/50 486DX2/50 486DX2/50 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX2/50 486DX4/75 Vena M 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 Versa P Pentium 75 Pentium 75 Pentium 75 Pentium 75 Pentium 75 Pentium 75 Pentium 75 9.5" Dual Scan 9.5" Dual Scan 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 10.1" Active 10.1 "Active 9.5" Dual Scan 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 9.5" High Res. 9.5"Active 9.5" Active 9.5" High Res. 9.5" High Res. 9.5" Active 9.5" Active 9.5" High Res. 9.5" High Res. 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" High Res. HD Price 250MB $2129 340MB 2179 250MB 2269 340MB 2369 540MB 2649 340MB 2549 540MB 2739 340MB 2549 540MB 2929 340MB $2459 340MB 2739 540MB 3029 540MB 3199 340MB 3399 810MB 4069 540MB 3879 810MB 4249 540MB $4349 810MB 4729 540MB 4539 810MB 4899 540MB 4629 810MB 4999 810MB 5199 Vena 2000 Versa 2000 ■ Lithium Ion battery technology ■ VersaGlide touch-pad pointer - simple & accurate ■ Built-in, upgradable 14.4 fax/modem (active models only) LOADS of FREE software preinstalled Processor Screen 486DX4/75 1 0.4" Dual Scan 486DX4/75 9.5" Active 486DX4/75 9.5" Active 486DX4/75 9.5" Active *14.4 fax/modem not built-in 350MB $1999 350MB 2299* 350MB 2599 540MB 2799 Satellite T2110/T2130 ■ 10.4" Dual Scan & Active ■ Built-in AC adapter - small, sleek design & reduced weight ■ Integrated Accupoint - small, accurate & easy to use Processor Screen 486DX4/75 10.4" Dual Scan 330MB $1929 486DX4/75 1 0.4" Dual Scan 500MB 2459 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 500MB 3059 * Texas Instruments TravelMate 4000NI Shown with Optional Dotking Station 772MB $4799 $1239 1789 2399 $2929 3699 I © PCs Compleat. Alt prices subject to change and do not include shipping. All products or brand names are trademarks of ' ~ : - "spective companies. PCs Compleat, 34 St. Martin Drive, Marlborough, MA 01752. Phone (508) 624-6400. Notrespon- ir typographical errors. I TravelMate 4000M NEW! 10.4" Active & 10.5" Dual Scan 16-bit sound card Integrated pointing device 2 Type II or 1 Type III PCMCIA slot 486DX4/75 10.5" Dual Scan 455MB $2459 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 525MB 2799 486DX4/100 10.4" Active 525MB 3479 TM4000M CD-ROM Docking Station $809.99 TravelMate 5000 TravelMate 5000 ■ 75MHz Pentium with PCI Bus to optimize Pentium processor performance ■ 10.4" Active Matrix display with 2MB Video RAM ■ 10.5" Dual Scan display with 2MB Video RAM ■ 65K colors on notebook display ■ 16-bit Sound Card, Speaker, Microphone & MIDI ■ Upgradable hard drive - easily add more storage ■ Built-in Dual Lithium Ion Batteries ■ Built-in infrared for no hassle printer connections (Processor Screen HD Price Pentium 75 Pentium 75 A0.A" Dual Scan 500MB 10.4" Active 772MB $3899 4599 mI DCc f AMDLE AT V lowest Prke <4(M>ay Money *4ree Tech Mree Software ^Free HI TV* WWir LEMI r Guorantee Bade Guarantee Support Installation Configured Circle 129 on Inquiry Card Ascentia 950N ■ 75MHz Pentium - for blazing performance ■ 10.4" Active & Dual Scan ■ High Res. displays - 800x600 res. on notebook ■ Built-in lG-bit sound, microphone & speaker Lithium Ion battery technology Built-in infrared for no hassle printer connections 10.4" Active & 10.3" Dual Scan Lithium Ion batter)' technology Intelligent power management to maximize performance Integrated Smartpoint - small, accurate & easv to use ThinkPad 755 1/100 M'DualScan 75 10.4" Dual Scan 51 Pentium 75 10.4" Dual Scan Pentium 75 10.4" Dual Scan Pentium 75 10.4" Active Pentium 75 10.4" Active $3299 3589 4059 4719 5189 1 Processor Screen HD Price 486DX2/50 10.3" Dual Scan 340MB $2459 486DX4/75 10.3" Dual Scan 510MB 2649 486DX4/75 10.3" Dual Scan 700MB 2929 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 510MB 3689 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 700MB 3969 AST, AST logo are trademarks of AST Research, Inc. All rights reserved. COMPAQ. urn i86DX< 1/100 1/100 1/100 1/100 1/100 1/100 1/100 340MB 540MB 340MB 540MB $3499 3849 4299 4299 540MB 10.4" Dual Scan 10.4" Dual Scan 10.4" Active 1 0.4" Active 1 0.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 1 0.4" Active 10,4" Active 10.4" Active 1 0.4" Active 1 0.4" Active LCD 10.4" Active LCD 10.4" Active LCD "Features hilt-ln CO-ROM drive + Does not include built-in audio, telephony & modem 'entium 75 'entium 75 'entium 75 'entium 75 540MB 5099 5649* 6099* 4749+ 5199+ 5799 6249 6099 7099* 7549* ThinkPad* 701 ThinkPad® 701 ■ Amazing pop-up, full-sized keyboard with jigsaw design ■ 10.4 ''Active & Dual Scan ■ Only 4.5 lbs. in subnotebook form factor ■ 14.4 fax/modem, speaker phone, answering machine & voice mail ■ Built-in 16-bit sound, microphone, speaker & MIDI ■ Built-in infraredforno hassle printer connections ■ 20 FREE software titles preinstalled Processor Screen 486DX2/50 486DX2/50 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" Dual Scan 10.4" Dual Scan 10.4" Active 10.4" Active $3699 4049 360MB 3549 3849 4299 4599 m HEWLETT® PACKARD at Vile LTE Elite ■ 10.4" Active Matrix display ■ Fast 486DX4/75 processor COIltUra 420/430 ■ Built-in AC adapter - small, sleek design & reduced weight Upgradable hard drive - easily add more storage 10.4" Active & Dual Scan Fast486DX4/75 or 486DX4/100 processors Optical trackball - smoother & more reliable High capacity drives - up to 720MB Compaq, 3-year worldwide warranty Processor Screen ■Processor Screen $2459 486DX4/75 10.4" Dual Scan « 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 420MB 3029 486DX4/100 10.4" Dual Scan 720MB 2839 486DX4/100 10.4" Active 720MB 3499 486DX4/75 9.5" Dual Scan 340MB $273$ 486DX4/75 9.5" Dual Scan 510MB 3119 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 510MB 4159 486DX4/75 10.4" Active 810MB 4539 HP OmniBook 600 Notebook PC HP OmniBook 600 ■ Weighs as little as 3.8 lbs. ■ Built-in infrared for no hassle printer connections ■ Instant "ON" ready-to-work state — lasts for months on a charge ■ Built-in 1 6-bit sound, microphone & speaker 486DX2/50 8.5" Dual Scan 260MB $2549 4B6DX4/75 8.5" Dual Scan 260MB 3049 4B6DX4/75 9.5" Active 260MB 3649 FREE HP COLOR KIT With DeskJet 320 purthase. $40 value While supplies last. Take Off with HP Save up to $250! Call for details HP OmniBook 4000 ■ 10.4" Active & 10.3" Dual Scan ■ Built-in 1 6-bit sound, microphone & speaker ■ Replace floppy w/ 2nd battery for 5-7 hrs. battery life ■ Up to 810MB drives available for high canarirv storage Processor Screen 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/75 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/100 486DX4/I00 * 16MB RAM standard 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.3" Dual Scan 10.3" Dual Scan 10.3" Dual Scan 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" Active 10.4" Active rnw TflfH 340MB $2819 520MB 3149 810MB 3459 340MB 2449 520MB 2659 810MB 2979 340MB 2899 520MB 3229 810MB 3599 810MB 4129* More Brand Names, peripherals and software In J"Set D ISes@ arom 4 iea 4 t «m ftOO> 9Qft> 4797 available. If yOU don't See it, CALL! Open 24 Hours weekdays. 8ai£4m< w£^u»ib nid holidays. W W X70 "W# ^# THINKPAD 360C SX/33,4mb, 340mb disk, active color $:deal THINKPAD 755C DX4/75,4/810mb disk, active color $3699 THINKPAD 755CE DX4/100,8/810mb disk, active color $4799 THINKPAD 360CE DX2/50,4/540mb, disk, active color $:2325 THINKPAD 755CS DX4/75,4/540mb disk, passive color $deal 755CX Pentium IN Stock THINKPAD 701C DX4/75,8/540mb disk, active color $4450 THINKPAD 755CSE DX4/100,8/540mb disk, passive color $3599 THINKPAD 755CV DX4/100 t 8/810mb disk, active color $5650 THINKPAD 755CD DX4/100,8/540mb Active color display, CD rom drive, 1 .44mb floppy drive $5399 THINKPAD 755CD DX4/100,8/840mb Active color display, CD rom drive, 1.44mb floppy drive $5590 BRAND NAME LOW PRICES LEADER SINCE 1983 We export with International warranty POWER PC THINKPAD Model 820 & 850 100MHz RISC PROCESSORS 64-bit bus, 16/32mb ram, earner snap in, windows NT or AIX ready CALL FOR SERVER 500 SERVER 320 PS/2 MODELS PC 300 & 700 THINKPADS ADAPTERS SOFTWARE Printers 0. JET 320...290 HP 4+ 1349 HP4M+ 1835 D.JET 660C.450 D.JET540...219 HP4SIMX...4140 HP 4SI 2789 HP4V 1835 HP1200C....939 Sscan 3C....880 HP 4L .489 HP 5P 935 HP Vectra VL3 Pentium P/75 8/840MB..1850 P/90 8/840MB. 2250 P/100 8/840MB..2399 P/120 16/1GB...3150 Vectra Xu Pentium 90 I6mb, 1GB fa8t8C8i,4mb Matrox Video card $:3699 HP PENTIUM SERVERS NETSERVER LC NETSERVER LF NETSERVER LH NETSERVER LM HP^jjjjgpoH Dx4/100, 8/810mb, active $3399 with810mb$ CALL for OMNIBOOK 5000 Pentium COMPAQ Contura4/33C 4/170MB 969 Contura410CX 340MB 2265 New Models Contura 420C...8/430MB...2385 Contura 420CX..8/430MD..2950 Dx4/75, 8mb ram, 10.4" display Contura 430C...8/730MB...2770 Contura 430CX..8/730MB..3379 Dx4/1 00, 8mb ram, 1 0.4" display LTE ELITE MODELS LTE Elite 4/40CX 340MB..2899 LTE Elite 4/75CXL810MB..4399 l ***Free LTE docking station $ 700.00 PROLINEA PENTIUM P/75 8/720MB...2599 P/90 16/720MB.2899 P/100 16/720MB.3150 P/120 16/1GB deal DESKPRO XL PENTIUM P/75 1 6/1 GB.. 3485 P/90 16/1GB...3550 P/100 16/1GB..3699 P/120 16/1GB..deal NOVELL 3.12/4.1 5 USERS 499 3.12/4.1 10 USERS 1075 3.12/4.1 25 USERS 1565 3.12/4.1 50 USERS 1980 3.12/4.1 100USERS...2580 3.12/4.1 250 USER5...4560 POWER PC DESKTOP 100MHz /120MHZ/133MHZ RISC PROCESSORS 64-bit bus, l6/32mb ram t windows NT or AIX ready Call for Price Solution Provider WMicrosoft Windows 95 System setup / installation / upgrade, call us COMPAQ SERVERS PROSIGNIA 300 Pentium PROSIGNIA 500 Pentium PROLINAT 1000 Pentium PROLIANT 1500 Pentium PROLIANT 4000 Pentium PROLIANT 4500 Pentium TOSHIBA 486/33 4/200 MB 486/33 4/200MB DX2/50 200/340MB DX2/50 200/340MB DX2/50 200/320MB. 75MHZ 8/510MB 75MHZ 8/810MB DX2/50 4/260MB DX2/50 320MM. DX4/75 8/540MB DX4/75 4/340MB DX4/75 8/520MB P/75 8/810MB P/75 8/810MB T1910 1910CS T1960CS T1960CT T2400CS/CT T4850CT T4900CT T2100 T2105 CS/CT T2150CD T2110CS T2130CS/CT T4000CDT T4000CS CALL FOR TOSHIBA B-STOCK AST notebook Special Ascential 900n, Pentium 75 MHz, 8 MB ram, Active color with 1.2 GB hard Disk $ 5099 Authorized Service Center for IBM. COMPAQ. TOSHIBA. HP All parts in stock Notebook Accessories MEMORY 4MB.. 8MB.. ..199 ..399 fflB deal HARD DRIVES 2.5" 250MB 199 2.5" 340MB 299 2.5" 540MB 345 2.5" 840MB 599 PCMCIA MODEM ZOOM 14.4 .....159 N/MEDIA 14.4..129 M/HERTZ 14.4...175 M/HERTZ 28.8... 299 Desktop Accessories MEMORY 4MB 150 0MB 279 16MB deal HARD DISK 420MB 159 540MB 169 850MB 219 1GB 299 2CBSCSI...899 MODEM 14.4 69 28.8 145 CPU INTEL P/75 DEAL P/90 329 P/100 410 P/120 750 P/133 CALL MOTHER BOARDS DX2/66 99 INTEL ZEPA TRITON 285 FLOPPY 1.44MB 31 1.2MB 41 IDE I/O VLB 25 ISA 16 bit 20 MULTIMEDIA CD ROM KITS Discovery 4X KIT....325 HITACHI 4X KIT 285 VALUE 4X KIT 269 CD ROM DRIVES TOSHIBA4XIDE 189 TEAC4XIDE 189 TOSHIBA 4XSCSI...299 NEC 6X SCSI 459 PLEXTOR 6X SCSL.call PLEXTOR 4X SCSL.call COMPUTER CASE MID TOWER 65 MINI TOWER 59 FULL TOWER 89 CALL FOR VIDEO CARDS PRINTER SPECIAL OKIDATA OL400E 399 OKIDATA OL410E 525 EPSON ACTION 1100 389 OKIDATA ML 590 425 OKIDATA ML 591 563 We carry full product range from above manufactures, call for Optical CD Drives Recordable CD Pinnacle RCD 1000.1699 Recordable Drive+scsi card+software Sony sypressa 920.1599 Recordable drive Rewritable CD Sony 1.3GB optical drive.2299 Fujitsu 230MB optica! deal We also carry IBM, HP, PANASONIC .call for price Computerlane Inc. Corporate Accounts Volume Discounts Welcome Outside California: 1-800- 526- 3482 Inside California: 818-884-8644 • Fax:818-884-8253 7500 Topanga Cyn Blvd, Canoga Park, Ca 91303 Hours: Monday - Friday: 9 - 6 Compaq Is A Registered Trademark Of Compaq. BMls A Registered Trademark 01 International Business Machines. All Quoted Prices Reflect A 5% Cash Discount. Visa, MasterCard , Wire Transfer Also Accepted. Prices SubJKt To Change Without Notice. Circle 119 on Inquiry Card. Up to 4 Users can Access Multiple PC, Macintosh and Sun Computers from a Central Location! Multiuser Up to 4 users have simultaneous access to any attached computer! Multiplatform Supports any combination of PC, Macintosh and Sun computers; use any platform's peripherals to access any type of computer in the system. Multimedia Every user has full multimedia capabilities; supports keyboard mouse, video, speakers, microphone and serial port. COME SEE US AT Networks Expo, Dallas, TX Sept. 12-14 1995 Booth #1696 & Networld + Interop, Atlanta, GA Sept. 27-29 1995 Booth #5166 Company AUTO BOOT id C0MMANDER4fflE Cybex Corporation 4912 Research Drive • Huntsville, AL 35805 USA (205) 430-4000 • FAX (205) 430-4030 PC is a registered trademark of International Business Machines Corp. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computerjnc. Sun is a trademark of Sun Microsystems. Cybex, Commander, AutoBoot and 4xP are trademarks of Cybex Corporation. Made in USA Dealer Program Aviaiabfe Circle 120 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 121). THE ARTICLES THAT CHANGED THE WORLD MORE THAN A BIT— FROM BYTE DWIOK COMPUTING AUTI The Only one magazine has been taking readers to the front lines of the microcomputing revolution since its inception almost two decades ago— BYTE! Now you can relive the most glorious moments with this unrivaled chronicle of the evolution of this empowering technology. Here — and only here— you'll find the groundbreaking articles and features that BYTE alone had the vision to publish, including: • Kernighan and Ritchie on C • Stroustrop on C++ • Seminal pieces by Wozniak • Articles covering the most important operating systems developments • BYTE Awards from 1989-1992 • First-announcement product advertisements You won't want to miss this invaluable new "best of collection. Of course, all the bits of microcomputing's most significant magazine count — but, from time to time, some bits of BYTE change the world. Get them all with The Best of BYTE. Two Decades on the Leading Edge JAY RANADE/ ALAN NASH Editors $24.95 (Paperback) Available at your local bookstore or call toll-free 1-800-822-81 58 I ■ fill McGRAW-HILL, INC. Your Computing Partner for 22 Years "Am BV*t Special prices for BYTE readers only! Mention VIP #9B5 Jameco 486DX 40MHz Bare-bones | System Includes motherboard, computer case and power supply. Monitor and keyboard not included. • Cyrix CX486DX-40 CPU (P24Tandall486 CPUs upgradable) • CPU ZIF socket | • Memory expandable to 64MB using (72-pln, 80ns) SIMMs I '256KB cache memory | • Seven 16-bit with three 32-bit (VESA local bus) slot extensions 1 121507 CX486DX40MHZ $349.95 m^im^ I Jameco Motherboards • Some motherboards also available without CPU. Call for details | • Diagnostic and operating system software available I • One-year warranty 115941 80386SX 40MHz w/ CPU $89.95 117401 80386DX 40MHz w/ CPU 129.95 | 79214 80486SX 25MHz w/ CPU 179.95 116118 80486SLC 66MHz w/ CPU 219.95 I 95222 80486DX 33MHz w/ CPU 249.95 95169* 80486DX w/o CPU 139.95 | 119731 486DX2 66MHz Motherboard 329.95 * Applicable w/ DX2-66/50 or DX33/40/50 79214 IDE Hard Drives • For laptops and standard cases 1 119087 7120AI 120MB 3.5" $129.95 119095 ST9145A6120MB 2.5' for laptops 149.95 123191 H2172-A2 172MB 25" for laptops 159.95 115764 CFS420A 426MB 189.95 93307 CFA540A 545MB 199.95 118949 CFA850A 850MB 279.95 124978 CFS1275A 1.27GB 399.95 67061 JE1066A 16-bit hard/floppy card .29.95 | Floppy Disk Drives • PC/XT/AT compatible •P/N 120045 includes 'ffc^jfi mounting kit & faceplate f^ J * for use in 5.25" floppy disk drive bays 118957 I 79396 Epson 360KB 5.25 $39.95 120045 Sony 1 .44 MB 3.5" 44.95 118957 Panasonic 1.2 MB 5.25" 39.95 118922 Panasonic 1 .44 MB 3.5" 49.95 119722 Toshiba 1 .44 MB 3.5" 49.95 74392 Teac 3.575.25" Combo 129.95 Computer Power Supplies i.*^ | • fits most popular desktop, mini vertical and vertical cases • 8088/80286/80386 and compatible I • One-year warranty 19455 1 • Built-in fan 19465 150 Watt (8088) $59.95 67467 200 Watt (8088/80286) 69.95 19545 200 Watt 79.95 19529 200 Watt mini 59.95 65728 300 Watt 119.95 I Portable IC Tester • Hand-held & easy-to- operate ■ Supports TTL, CMOS DRAM 41, and DRAM 44 series I • Size: 71 x 3.625' • One-year warranty 1 73525 Portable IC tester Your One Stop Component & Computer Source Jameco Multimedia Keyboard • AT/PS2 and compatible systems • 101 -key layout • Comes with PS/2 adapter • Includes built-in, self-amplified speakers and microphone • Inputs for headphones and external microphone • Switchable line or speaker settings H{gn • Power adapter included Performance • One-year warranty Speakers •Size:18.5 , Lx9.0"Wx2.rH • Weight: 5.7 lbs. 124089 Multimedia keyboard $89.95 EPR0M Programmers • Programs EPROM's, EEPROM's, and flash memories • Programs 1 6KB to 8MB EPROM's • Menu driven software • Full screen buffer editor • File formats supported: Intel Hex, Motorola S Hex, Tektronix Hex, and Binary •2 & 4-way Binary file splitting programs • 2 & 4-way Binary file shuffler programs • Includes adapter card, software and manual • Size: 7'L x 5.5"W x 1 .75"H • One-year warranty 101400 1 Socket 16K-512K8 $129.95 78457 1 Socket 16K-8MB 199.95 78465 4 Socket 16K-8MB 249.95 104651 1 Socket 16K-8MB Universal 699.95 ^ EPROM Eraser • Erases all erasable EPROMs • Holds total of 16 pes of 32-pin EPROM* • Has an upper and lower chamber for erasing • Includes a variable timer setable between 10 to 60 minutes • Timer turns the eraser of f at the end of the selected time period. • AC adapter Included (9VDC @ 600mA) • Special conductive foam liner eliminates static build-up • Size: 8.5'L x 2.75"W x 2.75'H • Weight: 1 .39 lbs. • One-year warranty 121267 EPROM Eraser $119.95 14.4 Voice/Data/Fax Internal Modem • PC/XT/AT & compatibles • 14.4bps Fax/Voice/Data Communications • MNP5 and CCITT v.42 bis data compression • MNP2-4 and CCITT v.42 data error correction • Supports international CCITT and Bell standards • Group III send/receive fax group standard • On-board 16550 compatible UART • Includes Super Voice software for voice-mail fax and data communications features • Weight: 1 .2 lbs. • Requires Windows 123094 Internal Modem $79.95 ACECAD ADVANCEDigitizer • Dual transducer ports for "on-the-fly" use of puck and optional pen •MM1201 and Microgrid UIOF emulation •Spacious 12" x 12" active area • 2540 LPI resolution • ACAD templates and dust cover included • EasyAuto-Driver installation utility • Includes WINTAB, ADI and MS Mouse Drivers • Size: 1 5.6'W x 16"D x VH • Weight: 8.5 lbs. • P/N 120117: 3-year warranty • P/N 120125: One-year warranty 120117 1 2" x 12" Digitizer tablet $199.95 120125 2-buttonpenforA-1212 39.95 3 Button Serial Mouse • PC/XT/386/486 and compatible computers • Microsoft® Mouse compatible • One-year warranty • Weight: 1 lb. 104441 3 Button serial mouse $7.95 External 250MB Tape Back-ups • DOS environment supports QIC-40, QlC-80 and PC-36 •P/N 117786 can be used with Norton Back-up or PC Tools Back-up • P/N 117751 includes easy to use software • Interfaces with floppy system 117786 Tape backup without software $99.95 117751 Tape backup with software 119.95 9600 bps Fax Machine f fffSl •Turns your . 1**»**^ syour computer printer into an intelligent, plain paper fax machine • Prints high-quality faxes and transmits/receives high quality, computer-generated documents and graphics • Maintains a floppy disk copy of all received faxes • Includes fax forwarding, junk fax screening and scheduled transmission • Weight: 5.5 lbs. 123131 9600bps fax machine $49.95 PACKARD BELL= 14" Low Radiation SVGA Color Monitor • PC/XT/AT, 386, 486, Pentium and compatible computers •0.28mm dot pitch • Maximum resolution: 1024x768 (interlaced and non-interlaced) • Input: DB1 5-pin (Analog) • Scan frequency: Horizontal: 31 .5KHz Vertical: 50-90Hz • Manual and cable • Tilt/swivel base • Low electro-magnetic radiation emissions • Power: 120-240VAC, 50-60HZ, 85W max. •Size:14.5'Wx15.2'Dx12.9'H 119124 1 4* SuperVGA monitor $249.95 J AMECO ^^ ELECTRONIC COMPONE TS COMPUTER PRODUCTS © 1995 Jameco 9/95 No Minimum Order Call for Details 1355 Shoreway Road Co11 * or Y° u r free "tniog Belmont, CA 94002-41 00 FAX: 1*800*237*6948 (Domestic) FAX: 415*592*2503 (International) New Hours: 6JUH-6PMPST VISA' ^^- fed Mention V.I.P.#9B5 Call 1 •800*831*4242 to order today! Tired of IRQ conflicts? Jameco Fast Input/Output Card • UART chips emulate 16550 UARTs • 1 6-bit card • PG/XT/AT and compatible computers • Can be used in an 8-bit system Add four with IRQ 3, 4, 5, 7 serial and • Four serial ports - three parallel addressable to 3F8, 2F8, 3E8.2E8 ports! • Three parallel ports - addressable to 3BC,378,278 • All ports configurable to IRQ 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11,12,and15 • Parallel ports are selectable for normal or bi-directional modes • All ports are jumper selectable • Cables and panel brackets included for all ports • Three DB25 female parallel connectors • One DB25 male and three DB9 male serial connectors • Weight: 1 lb. • One-year warranty 117971 Input/Output card . $89.95 Jameco Input/Output Card • UART chips emulate > 16450 UART's • 16-bit card •PC/XT/AT and compatible computers • Can be used in an 8-bit system with IRQ 3, 4, 5, 7 • Serial ports addressable to 3BB, 2F8, 3E8, 2E8 • Parallel poits addressable to 3BC, 378, 278 • All ports configurable to IRQ 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11,12and15 • Cables and panel brackets included for all ports • Weight: 1 lb. • One-year warranty 104109 Input/Output card $69.95 !&£&* DataShield™r^fl Data Communication yg?U Line Surge Suppressors Protect data lines connecting networked equipment. Guard against the effects of lighting, electrostatic discharge, ground surges and faulty wiring which routinely cause glitches, lock-ups, and hardware damage. Lifetime product warranty. 124345 Ethernet 10Base-T, RJ45 $26.95 I 124311 Ethernet 1 0Base-2, BNC 26.95 124353 Ethernet 10Base-T,RJ45 31.95 124361 Token Ring RJ45 26.95 124370 RS-232 DB9 serial ports, DB9 24.95 124388 RS-232 DB25 serial ports, DB25 ..26.95 | 124396 Single and two line telephone equip., R J1 1 , RJ45 (UL497A) 26.95 | 7 S@* BC Personal and BC Pro UPS Systems ^Syi" \ • Protect against ____ — blackouts, brownouts, surges and spikes 1 Perfect for home office, small office applications ■ $25,000 Ultimate Lifetime Insurance on connected equipment 124185 124206 124193 124214 124222 124231 124249 124257 124265 124273 200V A, 2 outlets 280VA, 2 outlets 420VA, 4 outlets 500V A, 4 outlets 450VA, 4 outlets 550VA, 4 outlets 675V A, 4 outlets 850VA, 4 outlets 1050VA, 6 outlets 1400VA, 6 outlets UL/CSA $99.95 UL/CSA 109.95 UL/CSA 149.95 UL/CSA 184.95 UL/CSA 169.95 UL/CSA 199.95 UL/CSA 239.95 UL/CSA 299.95 UL/CSA 349.95 UL/CSA 439.95 Control up to 96 file servers with just 1 keyboard, monitor and mouse! Works with all 100% IBM compatible computers; built- in support for both PS/2 and serial mice Integral Sun and optional Macintosh support available KeyScan™ feature for keyboard-controlled scanning Add a second control center up to 1 50 feet away AutoBoot™ feature boots computers without operator intervention AUTOBOOT COMMANDER Cybex Corporation 4912 Research Drive Huntsville, AL 35805 USA (205) 430-4000 (205) 430-4030 fax http://www.cybex.com/ COME SEE US AT tm Networks Expo, Dallas, TX; Sept. 12-141 995 Booth #1696 & Networld + Interop, Atlanta, GA; Sept. 27-29 1995 Booth #5166 Company JffcyBEX TM Cybex, AutoBoot, Commander and KeyScan are trademarks of Cybex Corporation. IBM, PC and PS/2 are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. Macintosh is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. Sun is a trademark of Sun Microsystems. Dealer Program Available Made in USA Circle 122 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 123). Free Shipping in USA for all Systems CUSTOM SYSTEMS FROM ATI 72 HOURS BURN IN USA BUILT MB & CPU Practice System - Molherboard & CPU •4MBofRAM70nsec " 8MB for Ppfiliiim Systems •420MB Hard Drive ■3.5" Floppy Drive l,44mb • 1MB SYGA CARD 1024x768 ■[4"SVGAmonilor0.28DP ■ Minilower Case 230WT PS •101 Enhanced Keyboard • Mouse 3Butlon Free Preinslalled Software • DOS 6.22 & Windows 3.11 Family System 1 Prarlire System Willi... . Double Speed CD ROM ■SlereoCardl6Bil/MIDl •24/96 Fax/Modem MNP5 •Stereo Speakers ■ Compusene/America on Line ■Fax/Modem for Windows ■Sound Mixer Bundle for Windows •D0S6.22&Windows3.U Deluxe System PracliceSystemWilh.... 8MB RAM 540MBHardDrive Dual Speed CD ROM Stereo Card I6BJI/M1DI Stereo Speakers Compuserve/America on Line Sound Mixer Bundle for Windows D0S6.22& Windows 3.11 TRY BEFORE YOU BUY ! Over 200 fully working demos of commercial applications may be preinslalled Willi every system, and if you like it then buy it includes programs from Microsoft, Borland. Lotus, etc Also includes over S250 worth of fully working programs. For Only $ 9.99 upgrade code TOR PENTIUM 120 PCI, 256k PENTIUM 100 PCI, 256k PENTIUM 90 PCI, 256k PENTIUM 75 PCI, 256k 486DX 4/1 00 VLB,256k 486DX 2/80 VLB,256k 486DX 2/66 VLB,256k 486DX 2/50 VLB,256k <j](§§) TO USD® Dg§)® ®g® W® W® W® DSf© D§®® U§7® DM® DUg® HHH® WHY BUY FROM ATI ? Our systems are built to the highest standard Using only best parts. Guaranteed IBM compatible Hassle free preinstalled & configured software 5 Year Warranty on systems call for details CUSTOM UPGRADES RAM.'. mm 540 MB IDE Hard Drive . . . Call for best Price 1.0 GB IDE Hard Drive Call for best Price 12GB IDEHard Drive Call for Besl price I.2FD 1.2 Floppy Drive add S 43 14.4FMI 14:4Fax/Modem add S 55 FMV 14.4 Fai/Modem/Voice ... S 69 28.8FMI 28.8 Fax/Modem S 119 S34 HTw fTw GM1 JST MSIR D64PI D64VI V2M Medi utt)werCase230WIPS $25 FullTowerCase250WTPS X45 Game Pad 6 billion, 3D $29 Joy atk 3Butlori, Great for Games .... $ 9.99 Cordless Mouse.no wires, 40QDPI 529.99 Diamond Stealth 64PCI 1MB $119 Diamond Slealth 64VLB 1MB 1119 AddlMBofYtdeoRAM $49 CALL FOR ANY OTHER UPGRADES 4XCD 4 X Speed CD ROM.... ..add $99 C4Z0MQT 420MBTapeBackUp. ..addS 159 3BTRB 3B TrackBall . . add S 19 SR6P SuraeProtector l4"N!SVGAMonilor. ..add J 4.99 1411 ..add $39 1511 15'NISVGAMonitor. .add $99 1711 irNISVGAMonitor. ..add $299 FAN486 486DXCPH Fan .add $9.99 FAN586 Pentium Cooling Fan . ..add $18 CDTL 14 CD Utles ..add $49 mcl. Comptons Encyc.KoboCop 3P. Etc MONTHLY SPECIAL 4fflft IBS m MM Only: $1299 PN MM1100 SELLEIt ,-' FREE III SOFTWARE < Comptone Encyclopedia > The Chess Master > US Atlas ■ World Atlas ' Mavis Vescon Typing - Life & Death Ii ' Contraption Zack • Rdoocop 3P ■ F2S Retahator ' PushOvcr > Might & Magic II • Epic Ocean > Sound Mixer > C9 I* 'layer ' Fax f«r Windows » Modem for Windows 1 Internet. Software • America On Line • 486 DXIOO VESA/PCI LB 256k CACHE ■4MB RAM up 64MB •3.5 Floppy Drive •Double Speed CD-ROM • l6Bit Sound/Midi Card •14"S VGA Monitor Nl 0.28 •20WtSpeakers Built In ■ Free 14.4 FAX/MODEM •lOl Enhanced Keyboard • 3B utton Mouse •DOS 6.2 & Windows 3.H 3 year warranty on mainboard MMC80 486DX2/80Mhz 1229 486DX2/66Mhz 1199 MONTHLY SPECIAL SALE MULTIMEDIA FAX MODEM VOICE Up lo 57.7 kBps Data 14.4 fax/Modem Voice/Dala/Fax Autoswitch Voice Mail Simple Installation Only: $ 69 lemote Message relrival DM „ PMW Including software HN# hMV % 1MBx3-70nsec , 4MB x9-70nsec $ 139 9! 4MB 1x32-70nsec ... $ 145 9 ' 8MB 2x32-70nsec ... $ 289* 16MB 4x32-70nsec . . $ 499* BEST 486 DX MOTHERBOARDS Takes486 SX/DX/DX2/DX4/Penlium P24 w ith Deep Green Design, Pentium ready Zff Socket c P U Uptol MB Cache > 256klnstalied Up to 64MB RAM 2x72pin&4x30pinSIMM 3VESAOSA SLOTS, Standard baby AT Uses Parity & Nonparity SIMM Vi/ - 4MB100 @(S!7^ 4MB66 Price J iiAirii iHtivi: SAi i; 1.2GB IDE. Call lor Current sale Hem 1GB IDE . . Call forCurrenlsale Hem 540MB IDE . Calllor Current sale Hem 420MB IDE . Call lor Current sale Hem ©mjl omm Ajwmmm $289 .$279 .$169 .$158 vmi-o sii.'i:i;s.im: Diamond Stealth, 2MB PCI . . .S 199 »Hi?6l,aildil55[or4HB Diamond Slealth, 1MB VLR . . S 109 nZ4i768.dddS55ear2MB Trident 9440, 1MB TLB/PCI . S 89 10Z4iT68.addl5Uoi2MB Trident 9400, 1MB VLB $75 ffi4i76B.iU!»HB Trident 8900, 1MB ISA $69 1024x768 0ak8770,lMBISA $59 l(KM68,Wi[l»[(tl ALL PARTS TESTED PRIOR TO SHIPPING I GlidePoinlby •400 DPI •Serial • No setup req. •Replaces Mouse Only: $ 79 Our policy is losalisff even cusloiner Thal'swhy we offer a30 days risk free guarantee andsland behind everysale. If you are nol bappy with your purchase we will gladly exchange Ihe product or issue a ciedii less handling and ship pingcosl There isNOCAS K REFDNDSaller Mays storetredil only oreicbange. Ailrelumsmuslbein oiiginakondilionand packaging orwe can nolaccepllbemfor return. Wereserrelbe lights lo refusef orrelumor (barge up lo 20% restocking fee. Allrelums or repairsmuslhe shipped back lo ATI lireighlprepaid and insured,heaiing RMAnumher onllie package ■ ALLPRICESAREFINAL- SHIPPING & HANDLING ARE EXTRA find NONREPDNDABLE-ALL PRICES REFLECT 3% CASH DISCOUNT- ALLSALESARE MADE FOB SUNNYVALE, CA.- PRICES ARE SUBJECT TO CHAN BLEF0RTYP0S • 15% RESTOCKING FEEONALLRE TURNSF0R REFUND A.T. INC 550 LAKESIDE DR. SUNNYVALE. CA 94086 — To Order Call • 1-800-858-2173 " FAX ORDERS: 408-774-901 1 RMA & TECH-SUPPORT 408-774-901 Free ground shipping for all systems over $ 1000 Circle 133 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 134). HARD DRIVE 1-800-636-6792 SSSSSST'm 1215-922-0116 mm ofSftLLliiiL ^Seagate FACTORY HEW 1-5 TEAR WARRANT! IHT EXI 850MB 1 1MS IDE $166-316 179-330 2 KM 'JMS SCSI-2 949-1174 FACTORT HEW-2 TEAR WARRANTY IHT EXT D3717 540MB 12MS IDE Sl/i-^'L 03725 730MB 11MS IDE 199-347 FACTORY HEW-3 YEAR WARRANTY INT EXT 03727 1.1GB I1MS IDE 309-459 03827 1.1GB 11MS SCSI 399-424 MOOTC2US PS/2 50. SOZ, 60, 70, 80, P70. 55SX 200MB 15MS IDE S349 420MB 13MS IDE 399 540MB 12MS IDE 499 540MB 12MS SCSI 499 1.2GB 12MS SCSI 799 MICROCHANNEl CONTROLLER IDE 169 SCSI-2 $179 IBM PS/2 INTERNAL DRIVE KITS 30-80B8.3Q-286.25-8086. 25-288 210MB I0E S299 420MB IDE 399 540MB IDE *« 1.0GB IDE 699 10M5 SCSI-2 B73-99B 11 MS SCSI-2 1 350- 147b ■:;.' • ;:.:;: ■ 1260-1394 11 MS SCSI-2 200 RFM IHT EXT fi*.lS JCSl-2 'i.i i' ii T HEW-5 TEAR WARRANTY INT EXT ST410S0ON SCSI-BARRACUDA-; SIX'S '-ON Si CO ... i;;i:.im::i 4 2GO BMS SCSI-2 1 Maxtor FACTORT NEW-2 YEAR WARRANTY INT-El M7425AV 425MB J 2 MS IDE 170-3; M7S40AV 540MB I2MS IDE 1BO-3: M76SOAV 853MB 12 MS IDE 239-31 M70150AV 1 0GB 12MS IDE 305-41 M71260AV 1 2GB 12MS IDE 325-4; Mnt:'2(iA[> 1 (,(,[) I2MS IDE 440-5! M7345S 345MB 14 MS SCSI 205-3; MXTS40A 540MU BSMS SCSI 345-41 MXI540S 540MB 8 5MS SCSI 345-41 10MS IDE $645-795 527MB 10MS IDE 875-1025 | fjGB SMS SCSI-2 650-775 204GB mMS SCSI-2 B75-10O0 4'gSGB B.5MS SCSI-2 935- 1060 527MB B.5MS SCSI-2 935-1060 728MB 11MS SCSI-2 1399-1524 \ 05GB BMS SCSI-2 1309-1434 ^^_ 11MS SCSI-2 2129-2254 ■ 8.5MS SCSI-AV 999-1024 ■ 11MS SCS1-AV 1329-1454 M 8.5MS SCSI-AV 1429-1554 10MS SCSI-AV 2219-2344 INT EXT SCSI $265-390 SCSI 599-724 SCSI 1300-1425 SCSI 2149-2274 IDE 246-396 l^|g|'|tN'l FACTORY HEW-3 YEAR WARRAHTY IHT EXT v/l !,-.'. •>■:.'() 425MB 12MS IDE S183-333 :'i-l() 540MB 11 MS IDE: lfil' .U'J weiac-vuu ,';u!M» i:;m:; idi ;>m .»;■•■ WH-.i. ',",'.) tiSUf.lH HjMS HIE ?.'-t-.l/-I VJUAC31I00 1 2UB I0MS IDE XI -\ -1*1.-1 WDAC31U00A 1.GGU 9MS IDE 549-599 FACTORT NEW-2 YEAH WARRAHn I HI EXT DSP31Q7 1GB 9.SMS SCSI $794-919 DSP3210 2GB 9.5M5 SCSI 1149-1274 DSP5300 3GB 12MS SCSI 1299-1324 DSP5400 4GB 12MS SCSI 2479-2604 ■ 6W« FACTORY NEW-5 YEAR WARRANTY C3323A 1.05G8 10MS SCSI $649 C2490 2.1 GO 8.9MS SCSI 1029 Quantum FACTORY NEW-2 YEAR ._.._ w. ' ' i . ■ ■-. . . ,1 . 30270MVA 270r.'.b 14MS till 5 ' • ■ : .! i :>.'.:: IDF 179-329 ■■■..:-.■:, 540MB 14MS SCSI 1.H9-314 .-.\'. , : . / 30b-!0LTA 540MH IIMS III! S189-339 . .".. .■ i ■•':.•. : ■■;: " 1 MS IDE 159-319 MS SCSI 199-324 269-394 TRAIL BLAZER SERIES INT EXT ,. ;.■■!!! i '.: , : ■■•■ -il/. .' H,';-;g A ...... :f :.:■:■ <■■ :■■:.. 3D850TRA B50MB 12MS "■ i ' THUNDERBOLT SERIES INT EXT :in.t: :)ll -'.Mi i.".V, AIA-? rif.r .-,-,; i \r,ii; :.'.■■: ■••■, '.'■, ,', ; - 30540FUS 540MH t?MS I SCSI-2 3lt)iimi1» 1 O.'S.S 1.".IS A(A .' 3U!8UfaS lO.HGil l.'.'.is I SCSI-;' •::.'.:■ :.- ■■■■■■■ ■!..:■■ i WHIMS 2 IfiB 8 9MS 3 5- CAPELLA FAST 5i W32210S 2.2GS :■ '.•:• ' ' -.1 XP343O0S 43GB KM' GRAND PRIX SCSI-2 SERIES ..-■... ■ GRAND PRIX SCSI-2 Wt DBAL1 UU US LAST MM ySi.p BEST OffEBj, GOVERNMENT, EDUCATIONAL, CORPORATE & INTERNATIONAL ORDER SPECIALISTS • 2159220050 express International order Line • 21 S-922-4G40 EXPRESS Technical Support • 21 s-922-Ol 1 G EXPRESS FOX ' Domestic - international - 800 GJG-6792 EXPRESS Order Line • TOLL FREE ■ Dedicated to serving Purchasing agents worldwide •Pre-approved Open accounts for all Fortune 2000 ra 13 S£ b @ NO SURCHARCE WIDE SCSI HARD DRIVES 1W 1 UBG 1DMS 3 5 ^Seagate MICROPQLIS FACTDFtT HEW-5 TEAR WARJUXTT MC4221W 2 ObC.il B5MS LP3.5 S1069 1 4.30C.B B.5MS 3 5 r MC1991W 9 lOfiB 10MS FH 2259 I MC1991WAV 9 10GB 10MS EXT. SCSI CASES LAMBORG J640 '!;■:; Mr i.'.r :i ;rilil. Diner, lor iKirniiiri [it.n C ni'i h IHII. ' ,. I ' .• ■ , l ;i ' Hail HI lor In: CD -HUM'-. WAi.iJi" Jac.k'i . .. .')') JMRWinECHico3 5-HltUe.-.ci; 11 'J ■ JHHW1DEChico3 5'iri)«»H:i! 109 5 25"Funui! . :. iii,' i ;■■:■ . !■■ i ...': 'M Dei :c= (4 Biy) 219 .... .'■■-,,■ '■ : ' •■:•;■• ,■ ■: CFA540A 540MB 12MS IDE 174-324 CFA350A B50MB 10HS IDE 219-369 '. 1 3GB 10MS IDE 330^80 EFP10 i I '.'- SCSM 459-584 CFP2105S 2.1GB 9MS SCSI-2 864-989 9 ■:: 955-1080 NOTEBOOK HARD DRIVES TOSHIBA NOTEBOOK DRIVES/1 TEAR WARRANTY OH 2.5" ;.:;-. ;:::'. >u; i;'H,i:i ism:; IDE 199 MSI 7241 C 2C.UMil I bMS IDE 295 ' ".; 310MB 15MS IDE 34-1 MK1824FC 3G0MH 15MS IDE *:■: MK252QFC 524MH ISMS IDE 524 '.'■..':■:.'! C 700MB 15MS IDE 530 810MB I3MS IDE 650 520MB 15MS SCSI 52B FUJITSU FACTORY NEW-S TEAR WARRAHn IHT EXT M2684T 530MS 13MS IDE SI 89-339 M26B4S 530MB 13MS SCSI 200-325 M1606S 1.1GB 9 SMS SCSI 429-554 M2915S 2.1GB 9.5MS SCSI 869-994 SAMSUNG REMOVABLES/OPTICALS CU D£LFMO Hit iDDU cW Seagate ST9145AG 128MB 1CMS S275 ;,.:'..r.;'-.il 131MB 1GMS 194 .;; 340MB 10MS 269 .0 455MH 1GMS 399 ST9655AG 524MB 1EMS 409 Quantum DV25SAT 256MB 1 7MS IDE S259 DY514AT 514MB 1 7MS IDE 415 DV256S 25GMB 17MS SCSI 259 DVSI4S 514MB 17MS SCSI 429 SYQUEST REMOVABLE CARTRIDGE DRIVES I , ,1 'iL ', 1 f S ' .'.■■'.. '.;.:. ■ ,,;;.: ii ■■..;•; ?;oE'AHAiifL ram bso ; ■ '. (1.1 ,\ "Vn INIvFXI . i. : ii I PFMTIIIM on- 256K CACHE, PCI SLOTS. I PfcHTIUW-gP 3 IB-BIT ISA SLOTS (FAST PENTIUM-1DD' 10 & ENHANCED IBE BUILT PENTIUM-W SOCKETS 256K CACHE/7-ISA /2-VLB/ AMI-BI0S/B-3B PIN OR 4-30 PIN & 2-72 PIN 486DX4-10D OR 4-72 PIN iPrTTli^ 325 325 739 869 325 1275 145 145 145 259 259 359 FUJITSU REWRITABLE EXTERNAL OPTICAL DRIVES .'-.■■.' ' . 'ii ■■'. i.m ... :■(! v -i 1 CP20B4 64MB 17MS S149 ■■ ■■■»»■■'■■ ■■ FUJITSU ;«, TEAC ,„ M2637T 240MD 17MS S255 W^^l^i^hTiZ^ZIZZZ^m CALL FOR PRICING AlW,*&Pin.B'AST-jiTAT BROTHER CHHOH S COMPnQDEUQIGtTHL EPSONEVEREX tBMLEXMtiRK > . -NEC'OKIDArA/ ft* PMttSONIC SHARP-SUN SILICON . TOSHIBA-SBflMFlilSH -attDMORE - llnllHIIir^MlnCJlElI. ■l.'.hHll.M.'tJiHIIIlHL'.l, 1 .! ■lAMftMiliWiMiHlHIAIAl ■lAhlftWilibiHilllHIi'ili'l ■ l.'.liHiEliMJkHHnig^Tl ■ri:W:!'.:;'UH;iij:'i:.r,i 16MB XB-70NS SIMM 16MB X9-G0NS SIMM CD ROMS NEC ZW2V Deluxe nic Qmiii ;;(.,.«! SCSI NEC 4XE Pro NEC CDH6 Six Soeed. SCSI-2. Inl . Intel MoUierboards have 3 PCI Slots, 5-16 BHSIols, uplOl28lrfBBAJ525Blt Cache, Built on IDE, Parallel, Serial & Floppy Support P5-75 $639 P5-M $739 P5-100 $869 M-lii-M;!! UPGRADES Cyrix SSiSS SANYO l'il'»-r{'M:)'H TAPE BACKUPS m HEWLETT PACKARD MicroBolutionB BACKPACKS I .; N l SPEED F*RAUa POHT CO ROM Dar/E S339 QUAD SPEED PARALLEL PORT CO ROM DRIVE.. .339 DSKTTE DRV 1 2. 5.25 . DSKTTE0HV1.4.3.5 . PLEXTOR '4-Speed, 256 Cache J319 4-Spccd, 25S C-— ■ . !. 7:'JV. nmauDOMMN (DE-cd t&BuisA neoog ide cdrom kit . szg IDE-AT 1fi.B.,t iCi lifilTwi AT ^h. D»h n ■.■ ,,,,,. ;.. ' ' • ■ 35470A 2 OCR TAF[ i:;LEXT S789/899 354B0A 4.8GDTAPEIMFXT C1533A 4 If . I' t IMt'T 3^ 4MM 90MT BV1 CAR] 11,5 PK) 4MM120M- . ..3.: 149 3.5--5.ZS* CONVERSION KIT 39 COLORADO MEMORY SYSTEMS Jumbo 250 Internal S13B .lliilill.) :":U HMii.i! lii!) JuiiilJtj 700 InV'iii.ii . . 2b b Ji'~i;:..i i-;(Hi lni.-tfi.il 3b9 Trakker 350 parallel port 328 T- iK, -n,i „, ,,!'|(. I pil , t 389 ■I 1 DAT In; 927 : ■■ II II 2 DAI L.i 1177 . . • I -> - t | - nl9 EXABYTE 4200 4200C 8205 2G0 TAPE IN 2 5G9 TAPE ... :■ -,(,ii i.'.mi i.i 10G8TAPEIN 8505XL 14GtUAPEIN F7EXT ', !-T ■ • ■ ■ . ' 1.325/1.549 /EXT 1.37W1.679 /EXT 2,025/2,399 r/EXT 2,269/2,399 r/EXT 2,200/2.498 SlNNarvgDAT. 3100 2Ui;ii i.'.i'-: irn.Exi s.ipd-io 3200 4-SGBTAI't I.M E-XT 3400DX 4-BGfl TAP! INI i\i BACKPACK 2bOM : JT.'.rE :'".:-'£ '.'J TAPE DRIVE... BACKPACK 850MB HARD DRIVE 579 I'IMSGA Zip drive 100MB Parallel Interface.. C ALUS 199 Zip drive 100ML1 SCSI Interlace < u Zip drive 100MB. 3pk CALL/G9 Dltlo 420M1! r.!|)H Drive Priti_-rn.ll 1G3 Ditto B50MB I.ip.i Dnve Ittler.i.il 217 ii(.. 11 liitijrnal Basic 129 Tape510 Internal Basic 279 Bernoulli 90 MB DR 345 Bernoulli ISOMil lni_rn.il SCSI 413 1i.-:'M3 lriteni.il IDE 389 474 Bernoulli 230MB TransportaDle 474 90 MB/150MB/230MB Carlndae. 99 «>r_rw#v_E_rY TapeStor 250MB Irrlemal SI38 TapeStor 420MB Internal 181 .:■;. ... . • I ,!.'.'» Pjrillcl Port 4?9 4320/50 Pylh-n 2GU up lo 1 1MB inl/.rt 7 ',!.'.' 1 .!)..(•) .' ■■ >,■: M Ti ■ r .. "'n'l.-.t 10'.!') 4326NP Pittiim ■: " ■ ' -•: ,'i ■!■.•._ ■■■■ c.iiipll.'. C_:i_ ... 1-03 4324T PyttKW 4GB TurtJOint'em 879 9.3 ',■ i 'I ' .ii Turbo 2MB j. pa 319 D Initio 4MB 1SA.VLB. PC . SVGA 1MB X8-70HS SIMM Z4MBX8-80NS SIMM 4MB X 8-70NS SIMM 4MBX8-60NS '• i ;=b_K Cache J Spend Tower, ad ;lp_od Tawer. CHINON CDS545 Ouad Spa.tJ IC1E Inl/Ejtf S179/329 CDS525 DS SCSI II InVExt 1Z5/250 f r "•[' "I ii.ied SCSI II ltilnn.il 279 CDXS35 Double Speed SCSI II Externa! 349 SOIVY CDU-SSE 2K InL-Exl 1149^74 :■:.■• .: •■ CS0-76SS SCSI 4X Inttit 21SK344 TEAC 1 MCI 680 SVI ^4f0 . P.Li 279 If .'..: ,-.,:■ MCS700 1 0-Bit Micro Cluiinel w/Po'we'r SCSI ".'. 1W (§]adaptec 1S4.CFK Bus Ml ■." . - • ;:•■•.: ' .::.•:•- :;-!.-■: ■ ,. ■ ■ ■ 55AKB SupctQujfJ 4X AT M CF-.06A Com AT Kit rB Brt) AT Kit 16 BUI... . XCDw)l.44(lowiy ..SIM 274ZT EISA HI 1 :' : j - XCV €d Number Nino ',■, t,! ".'", '.illiri s?49 I1EXI 349 509 .'il'U ',!') ........ -;.",..• . ;3! 1MB 194 9fX Motion 771 2ME'4MB 329459 " . -iM3 960 ■To 8MB 1789 TRIDENT SVGA 1024 X 768 1MB ISA VGA card.. SSS SVGA 1024 X 768 1MB VLB VGA card...BB & 25BKX9-B0HSSIPP 256KX9-70NS SIPP 1X3B- 4MB-70NS/B0HS 165.175 1X36- 4WB-70HS. 60NS MAJOR 175/185 2X3B-8MB-7QNS/60NS 330/350 DIAMOND SuL.ctJit.irPirj1MBISA.VLB S105 ■ I / ,", ■ ' > , ! .■ StMtiti 64 D1W.1 2M0 VLB . 199 u ".!' m ' I'-ctvia.. Steat!h64 VRAM 4MB PCIVLB IS CASH FOR MEMORY5I \ V '/ f ' / "* I I rV 1 v / ' if v i i O I <A / niiiiP/uciiin mu \_t A — ,' LEskJLn—f L\-LJ--=A--^-A-k — ^^i-' 72 pih/32 bit ndn p; 0M OOO OOO °° AVAILABLE 1X32-AMB.70NS/E0NS -*W,%J%0%*r+* ** + * ~ MmwmmmmmM ■■ ■-»# 2X32-8MB-70HS/60NS SPECIUUINC IN C0ffP0MTE f C0VERNM£NT & UNIVERSITY MEMORY BUY BACK PROGRAMS 4X3M6MB-70NS/60HS , 16X36-64M8-70NS/BDHS 2595/2045 EDO MEMORY 4MB/8MB EDO 190/390 16MB/32MBEDD 750/1695 72 PIH/32 BIT HON PARITY 1X32-4MB-70NS/EQNS 155/165 2X32-8MB-70NS/60NS 305/325 TOSHIBA 4X InlMrultxlHTial luaa Speed IDE InVExt MITSUMI CRMC-FX400 0.1.1.1 Spued liiffxl IDE . . J 185/325 Eggggg HARD DRIVE EXTERNAL CABLES ..:..! • ■■ ■ I MAC 25-PIN 18 :, '. •. '-. . .■ :.. ■ !v:i OD-50 TO SCSI-It 50 OB-80 TO OB-50 ii; ■ I ■ ■ :■. I ' ■,■■: : . i . ■ ii-..:: ... ; n, ■ ■■Hi It; wil'i :if l/i-.F l 69/79 H t ., It,,- I If ■ ■ : ■ ;.■,:; .;..-■ ■. . . . ! IDE 40- PIN RID80N 3 CONNS . FLOPPY 4 IDE CM ' 2842A VL SCSI 2 VESA ..-!,. -, ■ . ; . 3940 Dual Ctiannel PCI ConUoWr Kit . ..■ :.■,.:.;::■' 39B S Kil PC I I1AIO contf oner lor netwart , .-. i.i PROMISE TECHNOLOGY. INC. IDE & SCSI CACHE CONTROLLERS OC23O0+ Enhanced IDE VLB W.T63W ifl CC4J0 a 1 if .,. 5030 3. ' --vj 1J9 IDE HI-PERFOfiMACNE CO MTU DOERS 1645V- 1 EiltixH am GSIISA ro 32BK VESA 78 1W5V-! Supports 4 DE M SS : H SUPER CONTROLLERS IDE CONTROLLERS 211 avran 243 2HLV'2([)VLBEJt)£w,1o2s/ , 1(vTg 49 ,-t ti . ' .. \ 'r., 500 165WI.' ■'■••• Hi 1g VLB..,. 99 ^•WPV r-ONTROLLERS MCI '1 8-04 4FDi.' "V I " ;,■ ,- :, . ., ., f ... ..- , k# 21 2M0, 4fD luo to 2 88M] M T160 16-Bit SCSI ... 1358 Parallel Port to SCSI Plus EnhrK 193 | Q-LOGIC QL-ISACO 1 6-Bit ISA lor CD ROMs . , QL-ISA-FL 16-BrtlSAISA,1SA-fL 125 139 QL-VLB-FL 2? ' 1B9/205 ' I' :■■::■■ i\;- .. . QL-VLB-FL 32-Bit PCI Basic Entry Lovrt „. , '..' i ' . ; .. , ; ; OL-PCI-W 32-Bit 10-PCIModeMO Narrow.... " ' 2278VL IDE,'TDD/1P/1S/1G 2277VL Vt-K", I , .Vjj] 139 ::;:■'£ 59 2280 I0&TD/1 P/2S/1 G 29 2290 EISA IDE 32-Ekt 137 ;•■; 32B0AS SCSI-2/4-FD0 119 ■ : D0 339 CD-ROM Kit SCSI-28 Bit tt ^e^ccuJogtc . is tomcat, aotn S49 ml; rDE 39 .■!-.-:.-.-:-, •'-..: s-lDE-3 ¥ 2HD/iF0 W Bias 2.88 Support 59 ' :>.'«! LTD 16550 10 2.88 Support.... 189 s-IO[4 i- 2HD.'2FD 59 s-IOE4,.VL 2H0 2FD 165500 2 63 Spprt VI B E*n .99 ISAworl 16tnt ECSI-KjI Model 20 129 VTSApporl 3:: H » . . . . 249 PCIpport Motil20»;wideSCSl-3SijppofL... 249 PCIppoft Uod40w.V>oeSCSl-3 299 I B U SLQG IC KT445C 32-Brt VLB Fast SCSI-2 Kit '-•■ KT742A 32-Brt EISA SCSI-3 Kit KT747C 32-Bit EISA Fast SCSI-2 Kil . '•lid 349 SW-190 SflltwaiB Dttvl iter LI ' ; .... KF946C 32-Bil PCI Fail SCSI I I :dkthdU£RS Mnii .*. IGA1DE Cache ConHotler . .. KT910A PCL1DE Cache Controller . . MODEMS Uflobotics Supra s:-,M CRAM 32K8-25-2Q-I5 Lt" U O PENTIUMS 1 215-928-9407 IH-tlMHI «HIHMHI|S1IHMMHI I S1H3HMI BOW- I 9-80-70-6D UMHHi 1AII1HHH0 «»*?« SSSUjiim ' IIMNMI ttlMHW ZMLHUHHMI 4.8,16X32-70-60 1 215-922-0116 MMbtaMlMMrlf. Sportster 2B.B/28.8, V.34 Sporlsler2a.8/28 8,V.34Ei Sportster PockEl Modnm zgs Sportster PCMCIA V.34 390 Sportster 14.4/14.4. Ext 119 Sportster 14.4/14.4. Int 99 Courier V.3428 8/28 8 Int/'Ext 3B9/449 Courier 28 8 Ext lor PC Dual Standard 599 Coulter 28 8 PCMCIA V.34 w/SW & Cable. .469 Sati5FAXtion 200 Inl J259 SiHsFAXtion 400 Sup Fx Pk 34B SatisFAXtion 400 Ext 358 MBSUP141 14 4/14 4 In' MBSUP14LCE 14.4/14.4 Ew MBSUP5014 14.: MBSUPV34E 28.8 V.34 tnt MBS0PV34I 28.8 V.34 E*t I »:',,: MAi »vSW & Cable tutor MAC V3I w/SW S Cable, ... mm PRACTICAL m PERIPHERALS* 4 lifl. Proclass S149 I tDl-tayesf BDCH Intel Accura 144 inl w/tax Acc,;r,i i-i.t fit w/tan Accura 288 V 34 ml ■* K-x . Accu/a 2BS V.3 I Optima 144 cxt w/tax Optima 144 pocket w't.ut .. 0plirtia2B8V34intw/1ax.... Plextor 6PLEX Six-Speed Drives DYNAMIC RAMS CACHE MEMORY MATH CO-PROCESSORS ZS6KX1-E0HS 125 Z5GX X DrTOHS 6.50 80217-10 10M HZ 75 I0387tW(-25 25MHZ 75 S3D07OX-40 UMHZ 69 2087-1 Z T2M HZ 6D K87SX 25CKX1400NS 3.50 I 25BK X 4-60NS G.75 32X8-20 8.00 I 128 X 8-1 5 40.00 8028711. 10MHZ 75 I 8038701-33 33MHZ 75 I3S87SX18 T8MHZ SO 2087-28 20MHZ 64 I 3S87SX- Wf^'-Ttip.-iW Tm ni Vj i '»}i- TT T-i t-S li'i I, It lt^- *37 Chest nut street, PHilatfeipHia pa 19106 Circle 127 on Inquiry Card. MOUNT PC SYSTEN ND ENCLOSURES Advertisement COMPUTER SYSTEMS & ENCLOSURES ♦ Computers available with '486 or Pentium processors. ♦ 8 or 1 4 slots for Motherboards or passive backplanes. ♦ Enclosures with built-in mono or color monitors. ♦ All drive bays are shock mounted. ♦ Accomodates full height & full length cards. ♦ Card retainer to firmly hold plug-in cards. ♦ 250W power supply w/ front panel on/off switch. ♦ Front pane! keylock/reset switches & LED status displays MONITORS ♦ Models from 9" MONO to 1 7" Ultra SVGA monitors. ♦Active TFT LCD display monitor also available. ♦Tinted Lexan shield on 9" to 10" monitors. ♦ 1 2" to 1 4" desktop monitor enclosures. ♦ Automatic degaussing atpoweron. ♦ Standard 1 5-pin input connector on all color models including TFT LCD model. CPU CARDS ♦ 486 to Pentium CPU cards. ♦ PCI/ISA Pentium boards with on-boardSCSI-II.E-IDE, RS232/422/485 ports, & enhanced parallel port. ♦ 486 boards with on-board VL VGA & optional SCS-II. ♦ IS A and PCI/ISA backplanes to 1 4 slots. ~ &r*-%izu — For rack mount computers, enclosures, monitors, keyboards, and printers - from standard enclosures to custom configurations - our field proven products provide the most cost effective and reliable solution. KEYBOARDS ♦ 1 01 K/B with or without mouse holder. ♦ Standard AT 101 keyboard enclosure available with storage space for K/B and mouse. ♦ Slides for rack included. PRINTERS ♦ Microline 1 84T dot matrix printer. ♦ IBM graphics compatible. ♦ All operator controls easily accessible, f ♦ Large storage for roll or fanfold paper. ♦Standard IBM parallel printer interface. ♦ Serial printer interface also available. Now on the Internet at: www.industry.net/recortec i UniMod™ MODULAR COMPUTER SYSTEMS ♦ Independent 4, 8, and 1 4 slot computer modules. ♦ '486 or Pentium CPU's with various memory & hard drive sizes. ♦ 7" mono TTL or 7" mono VGA monitors. ♦ Multiple configurations can be combined in 7 inches of vertical rack space. ♦ Individual module power supply and filtered cooling fan. I ♦ Available with either AC or DC power supplies . Call for free catalog 1-800-7^9-7654 RECORTEC, IMC. 1290 Lawrence Station Road, Sunnyvale CA 94089 Tel: (408) 734-1290 Fax: (408) 734-2140 RACKFAX™ (408) 734-9374 Fax-On-Demand System * Made In USA Rack Mount Enclosure with TFT LCD The RME-180 8 slot computer enclosure features a built-in 9.4", 4096 colors, active matrix TFT LCD display. The display which requires no special cards or drivers, connects directly to standard VGA cards. The enclosure contains a 250W power supply and is supplied with equipment slides. A 14 slot version (RME-184) and complete computer systems are also available. RECORTEC, INC. 1-800-729-7654. Circle 350 on Inquiry card. Rack Mount Keyboard with Mouse The RMK-111S industrial rack mount keyboard combines a reduced width 101 key keyboard and a 400dpi serial touch pad mouse. For maximum accessibility and use, the mouse is centered between the "G" and "H" keys. A palm rest is built into the keyboard for a comfortable typing position. The RMK- 111P with a PS/2 touch pad mouse is also available. Both models are only 1.75 inches high and $295.00 each at quantity one. RECORTEC, INC. 1-800-729-7654. Circle 351 on Inquiry card. Circle 126 on Inquiry card. Rack Mount 17" Ultra VGA Monitor The RMM-237 is a rack mounted 0.26mm dot pitch 1 7" Ultra VGA color monitor. The rack mounted monitor also has a FST, dark glass, non-glare tube and INVAR mask. It contains a microprocessor based digital control system with a maximum non- interlaced resolution of 1280 x 1024. The rack mounted frame is constructed of rugged 1 4 GA steel while the back of the monitor is fully enclosed in an aluminum housing. Quantity 10 pricing is at $1095.00 per unit. RECORTEC, INC. 1-800-729-7654. Circle 352 on Inquiry card. FUTURE MICRO WoRld Leacjer IN PC UpQRACJES Pentium Mouther Board IntelAdvamed/ZP 3 PCI, 4 ISA, 256k Cache PCI Enhanced IDE, FDD, 2 Ser, 1 Par, Built In Intel Flash BIOS, Intel Triton Chipset 90/1 00/1 20Mhz $289 Call for Info on the Latest Intel Motherboards GA-586ATPCI-ISA 3 PCI, 4 ISA, 2 IDE Channels, FDD 2 16550 Ser, 1 ECP/EPP Par 256k-512k Cache, Standard or EDO Ram Award Flash BIOS, Intel Triton Chipset 75-1 SOMhz $259 Super P55CWA4>Clw/lrrteJVRM Unversal Motherboard Aranedure 4 PCI, 4 ISA Slots, 2 PCI IDE Controllers Intel Triton Chipset, AMI Flash BIOS 75-133Mhz, Supports EDO Memory 256 to 512k Cache $299 With Adaptec 2940 PCI SCSI add $200 Super P55CM-PCI w/lntel VRM 4 PCI, 4 ISA Slots, 2 PCI IDE Controllers 2 16550 Ser, 1 EPP Por, FDD Support Intel Triton Chipset, AMI Flosh BIOS 75-133Mhz, PS/2 Mouse Port Pipeline Burst Coche, 256 to 512k Cache. $CALL With Adoptee 2940 PCI SCSI odd $200 GA-586ID PCI/EISA DUAL PROCESSOR 3 PCI, 5 EISA, 1 or 2 Pentium CPU's Exp to 196MB, 512k Cache AwardFlash BIOS, IntelChipset 90/100Mhz$650 486 MOTHERBOARDS GA486VF/VS Uses [8] 30 Pin SIMMs (VF) or [41 72 Pin (VS) 3 VL Slots, 7 totol, 256k Coche, Exp. to 5 12k Aword BIOS, SIS Chipset, 3.3&5 Volt Deep Green, Accepts oil 486 Chips & P24T $125 w/512k $205 How Available with 8-30 & 2 -72 pin sockets! GA-486AM PCI 3 PCI, 4 ISA Built in PCI IDE , FDD & Hi-Speed 1/0 256k Cache, Exp. to 512k Aword BIOS, UMC Chipset, Deep Green 3.3/5 Volt Switchoble Accepts oil 486 Chips & P24T $167 CPU CHIPS CALL FOR LATEST PRICING Intel Pentium 120/133/150 $775/995/CALL Pentium 90/100 $339/395 Pentium 60/66/75 1 99/279/349 P24T(Pentium Overdrive) 63/83Mhz CALL 486DX4-75/100 $189/229 486DX2-66 $139 486DX2-50 $125 486DX-50 $189 486DX-33 $87 486SX-25/33 $37/55 OverDrive 0DP/0DPR CALL AMD/Cyrix 486DX4-100 . $175 486DX2-80 _ $153 486DX2-66 $129 486DX2-50 $119 Cyrix 386 to 486 Upgrades 486DRX2-25/50 $199 486DRX2-33/66 $250 486SRX2-25/50 $199 Coll for Latest CPU Pricing/lnfo/Speciols! Our sales staff is ready to provide advice on the most cost-effective 486 or Pentium upgrades for your computer. P54 PCI 4 PCI, 4ISA 256k Coche Exp. to 512k AMI BIOS, SIS Chipset 90/100Mhz $139 EAREBONES Super P55CWA Bare Bones Mid Tower Cose w/Digitol Display, 7 Boys 2 PCI IDE, 2 Ser, 1 Por, 1 Gome Trident PCI SVGA 1MB, 256k Coche Pentium 90/100/120 $799/897/Coll| w/1.44 Floppy odd $35 THE ULTIMATE UPGRADE!!! GA486VF/VS Bare Bones Mini Tower Case w/Digitol Disploy, 5 Boys VLB IDE-10, 2 Ser, 1 Por, 1 Game Trident VLB SVGA 1MB, 256k Cache 486DX2-66/1 00 $379/439 1 w/1.44 Floppy odd $35 PCI odd $50 1 Call for Custom Bundles MEMORY CALL FOR LATEST PRICING 72 Pin SIMMs 1 X 36 60/70/B0ns (4mb) $175/159/149 I 1 X 32 60/70/B0ns (4mb) $157/149/142 2 X 36 60/70/B0ns (8mb) $345/325/319 2 X 32 60/70/B0ns (Bmb) $325/299/299 4 X 36 60/70ns (16mb) $545/529 4 X 32 60/70ns (16mb) $495/479 B X 36 60/70ns (32mb) $1130/1050 8 X 32 60/70ns (32mb) $1080/950 30 Pin SIMMs 1 X 3 60/70/B0ns (lmb) $45/40/39 I 1 X 9 60/70/B0ns (lmb) $45/42/39 4 X 3 60/70ns (4mb) $135/130 4 X 9 60/70/B0ns (4mb) $149/142/138 16X9 60/70ns (16mb) C A L L | DRAM&VRAM 256k X 4 70/B0ns, 1 X 1 70/B0ns $6 I 256k X 4 70/B0ns 28 Pin VRAM ZIP $11 256k X 16 70ns ZIP/S0J CALL | Cache 32k X 8 1 5/20/25ns $8/7/6 I 1 28k X 8 1 5/20/25ns Slim/Wide $36/34/30 We will buy CPU's and used or defective memory chips. Cash, Trade or Credit toward future purchase. Future Micro, Inc. 2691 Richter Ave. #118, Irvine CA, 92714 (714) 622-9130 FAX (714) 622-9143 Customer Service /Tech Support (714) 622-9136 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Terms and Conditions: 20% Restock fee on non-defective returns. No refunds after 30 days. Shipping charges are non- refundable. Not responsible for typographical errors. Prices subject to change without notice. Two year warranty on non- memory products, lifetime warranty on memory. RMA required for all returns. WINDOWS 95 HARDWARE UPGRADE EXPERTS MONTHLY SPECIALS GA486VF/VS 30 or 72 Pin Version w/Fan w/486DX4-l 00 $279 W/486DX2-80.. $255 W/486DX2-66 $239 With VLB IDE-I0 &VLB SVGA 1MB odd $100 486DX4-100 OVERDRIVE ODP/ODPR $225 [CALL FOR INFO ON OUR DAILY SPECIALS AND BLOWOUTS Super P55CWA/GA-586AT w90/100/120Mhz $595/679/CALL Quad $pin4X CD/Sound Blaster 16 and Speakers $299 560MB/1GB-IDE HDD ,...$179/299 1 AHA 2940 SCSI only $200 w/Pentium Boards" Trident PCI/VLB/ISA I MB $79 Cirrus Logic 5428 PCI/VLB 1/2MB S79/S136 S3 32 Bit PCI/VLB 1/2MB $77/$140 Diamond Stealth 64 PCI/VLB Video VRAM 2/4MB .. $279/485 Stealth 64 PCI/VLB DRAM 1/2MB ... $149/$199 Speedstor 64 PCI/ISA 1/2MB $155/$205 Viper Pro PCI/VLB 4MB $559 ATI Moch 64 VRAM PCI/VLB 2/4MB $279/489 Moch 64 DRAM PCI/ VLB 1/2MB $169/239 i #9 IMAGINE 128bit 2/4/8MB CALL | [W^|F OT | >l|HffljlSj lB 14.4 Int Fox/Modem $59 14.4 Int Voice Fax/Modem $85 28.8 Int Fax/Modem $125 28.8 Int Voice Fax/Modem $145 11 I IDE ISA IDE/10 $15 ISA IDE/10 Enh Par & 16550's $39 VLB IDE/10 $25 VLB IDE/10 Enh Por & 16550's $39 VLB IDE Coche Ok/IMB $119/$149 PCI IDE $29 PCI IDE/10 Combo $55 I PCI IDE Coche $185 SB axtor 1260A 1260MB 11ms IDE $339 7850A 850MB 11ms IDE $239 7540AV 540MB 10ms IDE $199 Western Digital 2540 540MB 11ms IDE $199 31000 10B0MB 10ms IDE $339 31200 1280MB 10MS IDE $355 1 31600 1620MB 9ms IDE $559 Conner 540A 540MB 12ms IDE $199 850A 850MB 10ms IDE $245 1275A 1.3Gig 10ms IDE $360 | 1080S 1GB 11ms SCSI $469 2147S 2.1 GB 9ms SCSI $799 4207S 4.2GB 9ms SCSI $1578 Seagate 3660A 540MB 12ms IDE $199 31220A 1GB 12ms IDE $339 31230N 1GB 9ms SCSI $489 32550N 2.1GB 8ms SCSI $979 Quantum 540MB Ligfitningllms EIDE $199 1GB Fireball 12ms EIDE $319 1GB Fireboll 11ms SCSI $459 2.1GB SCSI 8ms $969 4.2GB SCSI B.5ms $1479 IOMEGA ZIP Drive $199 Call lor Micropolis & Laptop Drives m\ Sound Boards Creative Labs Sound Blaster 16 MCD $89 Sound Blaster 16 SCSI-2 $135 Sound Blaster AWE 32 $295 Sound Blaster AWE 32 VE $220 CD-ROM Drives Toshiba 3601 SCSI 4Xlnt $309 I XM5301 4X SCSI $289 XM5302 4X IDE $235 1 Mitsumi/Panasonic 2X Internal $109 4X Internal IDE $189 Teac CD-55A4X $185 Sanyo 4X SCSI $219 External SCSI -CD/Hord Drive Coses w/Power Single/Double Boy $89/137 ^iii^tjiiiiMHM SCSI Adaptec AHA-2940W PCI AHA-2940 PCI $339 $249 AHA-2842 VLB AHA-2742 EISA AIC-6360 VLB $255 $295 $125 SLIM SCSI $279 AMM-1570 SCSI w/Audio. .....$299 ^nF^^^PV^^l^Ewa^Vtsi3nM^i^l hpiuid& HPioyiP+MiiiD^inp 1MB $69, 2MB $95, 4MB $169 HP4L 1MB $50 HP4 Series 2MB $85, 4MB $165, BMB $33] HPDeskJet 500 Series 256K $59 Panasonic 4410, 4430, 4420, 4450i | 2MB $115, 4MB $185 Epson AL II, 1000,1100,1500,1600 5000,5200,7000,8000 2MB $125, 4MB $199 Canon, IBM, Tl f NEC, OKI & More CALL I We Carry. Cases, Floppies, Key Boards, Mice Ethernet, Laptop Ace, and Much More! Upgrades for All Major Brands, Including Packard Bell THE FUTURE MICRO DIFFERENCE ©Easy Installation Instructions ©Free Technical Assistance I ©30 Day Money Back Guarantee ©Overnight Delivery Available I ©Accept PO's from Corporate, Gov't and Educational Institu- tions ©Gov't, Educational Discounts ©No Surcharge on Credit Cards 111 1/7S4" 11 ^ Ji 800-700-6502 Microdevices* 1850 SOUTH 10TH STREET, SAN JOSE CA 95112-4108 Special Prices for Byte Buyers! Good Through 10/31/95 To receive these special prices, you most mention key code #1069 LANtastic Network starter Kit l OBaseT Concentrator Artisoft's LANtastic starter system is ideal for environments that require a small peer-to- peer Local Area Network. • Selected by PC Magazine as Editor's Choice for low-cost LANs • Includes two network adaptors, the network software, a 25' thin Ethernet cable and terminators NR2000SKC $279.95 Couple up to eight 1 0BaseT twisted pairj .lines using RJ45 connectors instead of thick and thin coaxial. 1 0BaseT operates in a star topology to protect you from complete system crashes, • Cascade up to 7 units using BNC or 1 0BaseT port • Uses standard RJ45 connectors to 1 0BaseT nodes HUB-0Q8 SPECIAL FOR BYTE CUSTOMERS ONLY! ... $129.95 HUB-016 $299.95 16-port vers.w/thick adaptor, mounts in standard 19" racks Seagate Hard Drr These cards feature a jumperless design so that software can automatically configure the card for f you! A 16Kb RAM buffer is included for faster network transmission and reception. • 8/1 6-bit PC compatible ISA cards • NE-2000 compatible MCT-1QB2 Thin Net BNC connector only $39.95 MCT-10BT 10BaseT RJ45 connector only $39.95 Modular Network Cables Upgrade to a new, high-quality, high-capacity Seagate hard drive— o prices have never been lower! • As low as 310 a meg! * Fast ATA amd Fast SCSI-2 drives accelerate performance ST-3660A 545Mb',' 14ms jlOKb,'' IDE-Fast ATA. .... 178.67 ■ SPECIAL FDR BYTE CUSTOMERS ONLY! .__„__ J ST-5850A 850Mb, 11ms, 256Kb, IDE-Fast ATA-2 259.95 ST-31220A 1.08Gb. 12ms, '256Kb, IDE- Fast ATA-2 349.95 ST-31230N 1.05Gb. 10ms, 512Kb, Fast SCSI-2 539,00 ST-32430N 2,1Gb, 10ms, 512Kb, Fast SCSI-2 939.00 ST-32550N 2.1Gb, 9ms, 512Kb, Fast SCSI-2,... 1099.00 ST-15150N 4.2Gb. 9ms, 1024Kb, Fast SCSI-2 1649.00 Stranded 24-gauge PVC cable for network patch cords. These [ category 5 cables are wired straight-through for standard data requirements. PHS-8CT5-7 Connectors Length Price RJ45 $178' 67 PHS-8CT5-50 RJ45 50' PHS-8CT5-100 RJ45 100' CBL-8CT5-100 100' Spool CBL-8CT5-1000 1000' Spool 129.95 FREE JDR CATALOGS! Display PC Video on Your TV! Backup Hard Drives to 340Mb*! PC PRODUCTS AND ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS CALL US TOLL-FREE! -800-538-5000 Convert your VGA output so that you can connect to a big-screen TV or other NTSC monitor or videotape a pre- sentation using your VCR. • Supports Windows 3.0 & higher; compatible with all VGA cards • Supports all IBM standard modes up to 640 x 480 Hi-Color (NTSC) VGA-NTSC $149.95 Note: Outputs S-video and composite video lor use with TV or video recorder Using low-cost Quarter Inch Cartridge (QIC) technology, these drives provide a proven way to create reliable tape backups. Includes software. • PC-compatible 5-1/4" internal half-height drive • Reads QIC-40 and reads/writes QIC-80 formatted tapes, including extended length DJ-35C .$149.95 *Note: Maximum tape capacity using data compression Upgrade Motherboards Featuring Intel's Pentium Processor I Upgrade your system to a faster Pentium Processor using MCT's upgrade motherboard. Features up to four PCI slots for J 32-bit speed and up to four ISA slots for compatibility with | your existing cards. 75MHz, 90MHz or 120MHz Intel Pentium Processorwith 16Kb internal cache memory and SIS chip set RAM expandable on board to 128Mb, with 4 SIMM sockets, using 1 M x 36, 2M x 36, 4M x 36 or 8M x 36 70ns 72-pin SIMMs in multiples of 2 (0Kb installed) | MCT-S586-75 75MHz version $569.00 MCT-S586-90 90MHz version $699.00 I MCT-S586-120 120MHz version $1169.00 SPECIAI S FOR RYTE CUSTOMERS ONLY! La A. 75MHz $568 JDR Price Guarantee If you purchased any item from JDR Microdevices in the last 30 days and we've lowered our price, call us with the details and we'll promptly refund the difference Leap to 486DX4 Performance! Keep Your CPU Cool! intel. For increased 486 performance from your486SX or DX motherboard, simply plug in Intel's DX4 or DX2 OverDrive Processor! BOXDX4ODP100 Plugs into 33MHz socket $249.95 BOXDX40DPR10Q Replaces 33MHz CPU $249.95 B0XDX40DP75 Plugs into 25MHz socket $169.95 BOXDX40DPR75 Replaces 25MHz CPU $169.95 B0XDX20DP-66 Plugs into 33MHz socket $139.95 B0XDX20DPR-66 Replaces 33MHz CPU $139.95 B0XP0DP5V63 $389.95 Pentium OverDrive replaces 25MHz and 50MHz CPU's Make your processor run cooler with these specially designed fans. They feature easy snap-in installation so you don't have to remove your CPU. The in-line adaptor draws power from your floppy drive. P54C-FAN For Pentium processors $29.95 P54C-FAN-R Above with refrigeration device $79.95 486-FAN For 486 processors $19.95 486-FAN-R Above with refrigeration device $49.95 DUE TO CURRENT MARKET CONDITIONS, CALL FOR CURRENT ORAM PRICES! Part* Size Speed Type Price 1MX9-80X3 1MX9-60X3 4MX9-80X9 16MX9-70X9 1MX36-70 2MX36-70 4MX36-70 1Mx9 1MX9 4MX9 16Mx9 1Mx36 2Mx36 4Mx36 80ns 60ns 80ns 70ns 70ns 70ns 70ns SIMM SIMM SIMM SIMM SIMM SIMM SIMM 44.95 46.95 169.95 699.00 184.95 379.95 619.00 ■"".^Caloe 1 -Qfin.KQQ.Rnnn Toil-Free Fax Ordering Local/International 24-Hoars-A-Dav E3j|||0«lie& l-OUU-OOO OUUU 1-800-538-5005 1-408-494-1400 By Phone op Fax TERMS: For shipping & handling include $4.29 lor ground & $6.99 for 2nd day air. Orders over 1 lb. and foreign orders may require additional shipping eha lounl. CAresidei . All merchandise subj , Copyright 1995 JDR MICRODEVICES. Other trademarks SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 307 Circle 132 on Inquiry Card. •15" & 17" large screen Monitor Ergonomic layout of control panel with intelligent microprocessor digital control •Innovative options include a multimedia base designed to fit all PC monitor ACTION provides a full range of monitors to choose from. A special recommendation is the 17" home computer monitor with a large screen at reasonable price. For more information, call us today. Hffl ACTION ELECTRONICS CO., LTD. Hsad office Action Electronics Co., Ltd. 198, Chung Yuan Rd., Chung Li Industrial Zone, Tao-yuan, Taiwan, R.O.C. Tel.886-3-45 1-5494 • Fax.886-3-452-0697 Taipei Sales Office Tel.886-596-5955 • Fax.886-2-5928138 U.S.A. Office Action Computer Technology Inc. Tel.909-444-1300 • Fax.909-444-1308 European Office Axion Technology GmbH TeI.49-21 66-9527-0 • Fax.49-2 1 66-9527-27 C«J \M ■+*& MOVING? To change your subscription mailing address, please complete the form below and send it to: BYTE Magazine Subscriber Services PO Box 555, Hightstown NJ 08520 Current/Old Address: Account Number Name Company Address City/State/Zip. New Address: Name Fax: 609426-7087 Phone (9 a.m. to 8 p.m., Eastern Time, Monday through Friday): 800-232-2983 (U.S.) or 609-426-7676 Company Address _ City/State/Zip . Please allow up to 8 weeks for this change to become effective. mn Because the Expert s decide. 308 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 A ccessories/Supplies Add -In Boards Computer uate is your international supersource for PC accessories, ^j multimedia an*? network products. 1^1 Ai^- Sbi f For a FREE Catalog call 408 730-0673 Circle 203 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 204). ■ Display your PC's screen on many monitors simultaneously ■ Perfect for demos, training and remote monitoring ■ Proven wideband amplifier assures bright and crisp image - GUARANTEED! ■ Automatically access one PC from two keyboards with ease ■ Quality monitor and keyboard extension cables available to 500 feet ■ Exclusive video switches, multiplexers and other unique products Circle 170 on Inquiry Card. We Want to Send You a FREE! 268 PAGE CATALOG OF DISCOUNT COMPUTER SUPPLIES & ACCESSORIES Plus! We will add you to our mailing list for one year on a trial basis - in which time you will receive 4 catalogs from the most unique company in our industry. jgygHj COMPUTER SYSTEMS SUMMER OF 1995 PREFERRED FLYER 5545 Bridge wood, Sterling Heights, MI 48310 CALL US TOLL-FREE (800) 493-5777 or Fax (810) 268-8899 Simply utilize the reader service number below - or call, write or fax us for your free catalog. SPARCstation Power In Your PC! Elegantly provides PC users with a complete UNIX environment. -Unix Review SPARCard ▲ Complete SPARCstation 5 system on a PC/AT boardset A Runs Solaris, SunOS A Perfect for PC users who need to run DOS/Windows and Unix applications A Available on GSA through Sparta, Inc. at 703-448-0210 A Prices starting at $2,495 OPUS S Y ST E M 5 Call 408 -562-9340 Fax 408 • 562-9341 3000 Coronado Drive • Santa Clara CA 95054 Circle 146 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 147). SERIAL/PARALLEL I/O ADAPTERS RS-232/422/485 • Dual Serial Quad Serial • Serial/Parallel 16550/16650 Buffered UARTs Flexible Address and Interrupt Capability Ask about our new PCI I/O Products! • Made in USA • Lifetime Warranty • Unlimited Technical Support Globetek, Inc. 3505 E. Royalton Rd. Ste. 160 • Broadview Hts„ OH 44147 800-229-4640 • 216-526-8550 • Fax: 216-526-8817 Circle 206 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 207). Let your "TKUE COLOR* MINE THROUGH" when you advertise your computer products in the HARDWARE/SOFTWARE SHOWCASE Call for more details: (603) 924-2695 or (603) 924-2598 Circle 210 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXE 309 Bar Coding • Communications/Networking Communications/Networking ■ Videx manufactures portable, durable, and programmable data collectors for applications such as: • inventory • warehousing • security • asset tracking • field inspections and virtually any application requiring data collection at the work site. Cast-metal cases protect the products and allow them to work reliably in harsh environments. Each is designed to fit in the palm of your hand. Call for a free information kit today! 1105 N.E. Circle Blvd., Corvallis, OR 97330 503-758-0521 • Fax 503-752-5285 Videx, TimcW.incI, Dur.iVVand, TouchProbe, anclOmnrWand are register) trademarks of Videx, Inc. CCO502 Circle 153 on Inquiry Card. Voice Boardsfrom ;New Voice. Now the others are obsolete. (Scary, isn't it?) Computer Telephony Integration (CTI) is one of the fastest growing markets. Pick the voice board with performance that screams. Our sophisti- cated 2, 4, or 8 port models provide the best building blocks for success. Used applications such as: • Int'l Callback/Debit Card • Telemarketing • Interactive Voice Response • Audiotex • Voice Mail/Messaging • Automated Attendant • Fax Back/On-Demand • Tele-conferencing • 800/900 Services n™Aa Voi • Talking Yellow Pages • Tl Interface Support 1893 Preston White Drive Suite #120 Reston,VA22091 Tel (703) 648-0585 Fax (703) 648-9430 wee 310 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 178 on Inquiry Card. Circle 166 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 167). CONTROL ALL YOUR SERVBtS FROM ONE KEYBOARD, MONITOR AND MOUSE Hot-Key w . MasterConsole® Save space, time and money 2 - 64 Computers Any mix of PCs; PS/2 & Serial Mouse Add Mac & Sun Keyboard/Mouse Emulation AUTOSCAN™ Front Panel & Keyboard Selection Remote Access to 150' Desktop or Rack Mount a RCI CALL TODAY! 800-RCI-8090 x 71 RARIT AN COMPUTER, INC. (908) 874-4072 Fax (908) 874-5274 10-1 llene Court, Belle Mead, NJ 08502 ■sales@raritan.com ■http://www.raritan.com 30-DAY MONEY BACK GUARANTEE FULL 1-YEAR WARRANTY See Us ill Net world + lutcrop, Atlanta, Booth #4646 ■ Sec us at Networks Expo, Dallas, Hoot h #1790 INTERNATIONAL France: (33) 1-64 67 64 67 Germany: (49) 180-522-8222 Ireland: (353) 1-454-0589 Italy: (39) 2-66800548 Japan: (81) 3-3255-1517 Korea: (82) 2-412-5775 Netherlands: (31) 10-4423313 Sweden: (46) 020-788850 Svntietland: (41) 22-7532200 UK: (44) 244-520222 or (44) 344-424-333 RCI Taiwan: (886) 2-218-11 17 RCI Europe (31)10-4586-673 INTERNATIONAL RESELLERS INQUIRIES WELCOME - CONTACT RCI (908) 874-4072 Circle 172 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 173). Communications/Networking Communications/Networking • Computer Systems Rhetorex Voice Processing boards make CTI a reality. If you're asking "what's CTI," you're missing one of the hottest new technologies going. Computer Telephony Integration links PC- based computer appli- cations to the telephone network, providing voice/ fax mail, interactive voice response, voice/fax servers and more. Interested? Maybe you're already developing a CTI application. Then it's time to discover Rhetorex.™ For the best value in CTI technology-from our 2 and 4 port DSP-based voice and fax processing boards, to our 24-port platform- give Rhetorex a call. And start making CTI a reality today. HMEE33 Rhetorex, Inc., 200 E. Hacienda Ave., Campbell, CA 95008-6617 Tel. (408) 370-0881; Fax (408) 370-1171 All trademarks identified by the ™ symbol arc trademarks of Rhetorex, Inc. AH other trademarks belong to their respective owners. © 1993 Rhetorex, Inc. Circle 150 on Inquiry Card. LET YOUR COMPUTER DO THE TALKING! Integrated Voice/Fax Mail integrates major voice/fax applications plus program control into one hill-featured high performance software. PC-AT/386/486 based Menu driven. Easy to use. Full support for Rhetorex, New Voice, Dialogic, Bicom, Pika, TO and Intel voice and fax hardware. Supports up to 32 voice lines and up to 8 fax lines. Hardware + Software Kits i ^ Q ^ 2 voice lines kit starts at ^JSJ Fax-on-Demand lines: 818-368-4566 or 818-368-8848 SigmaTech Software Tel: (818) 368-6132 Fax: (818) 368-7859 10801 Bismarck Ave., Northridge, CA 91326 USA (Resellers/Dealers/OEMs/Private labels are welcome) I Automated Attendant I Unlimited Audiotex I Voice Mail I Talking Yellow pages I Telemarketing I Fax Mail I Fax-on-Demand I Fax Broadcasting I Date/Party lines I Int'l Ca 1 Back starview <m> Control up to 216 Servers with just 1 Monitor, Keyboard, and Mouse • Supports SVGA, VGA, and Multisync Monitors • Pushbutton or keyboard CPU selection • Rackmount bracket available • Autoboots CPUs • Cascadable Controls 6 Servers $349.00 -110 VOLT CSA/UL USA/Canada: 800-265-1844 (ext. 231) Fax: (519) 438-6555/ Internet E-Mail: staitech.computer@onlinesys.com StarTech COWJTffi WODUC75 USA • Canada • UK • Germany • HongKong . European/International Distribution use Fax or Internet or Call:(519) 438-8529 (ext.231) Visa/Mastercard/American Express Circle 198 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 199). ENCLOSURES for 386/486 & Pentium KEYBOARDS MONITORS DRIVE ENCLOSURES PC Enclosures from $300 Monitor: 10" Super VGA Color from $650 Keyboards: Drawer, Shelf & Panel from $85 Excellent Mr Flow & Cooling Accepts Most Motherboards and Passive Backplanes Rack & Desk Models Up to 20 Slots Rugged, Modular Construction 200, 300 & 400 Watt Supplies, UL, CSA, TUV Made in U.S.A. Call or write for descriptive brochures, prices or applications assistance: . Circle 158 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 159). INTEGRAND 8620 Roosevelt Ave. • Visalia, CA 93291 209/65 1 - 1203 fax 209/651-1353 PC ™ IBM • 386/486 Pentium™ Intel • Drives and computer boards not included. Circle 140 on Inquiry Card. MESSAGE -OR ELSE! Windows' Based ♦ Voice Mail ♦ Auto —Attendant ♦ Fax — On — Demand ♦ Packages from $295 1-800-685-4884 (Developer /OEM packages available) VISA - MC - AMEX - COO Don't trade your lite tor a lost message! TALKING TECHNOLOGY, INC. 1125 Atlantic Avenue, Alameda, California, 94501 Voice: 510-522-3800 Fax: 510-522-5556 w XT CPU card. NEC V40, 1 MB Dram, Sram, Flash, Pcmcia, 3 srl, 2 par, modem, A/D. $129 up KS-9 AT (F8680) battery operated CPU with 2M Flash, Sram, CGA contr., Pcmcia, 3 srl, 2 par. $249 up PC-in Complete system with KS-9 CPU, 256K Psram, a-Box 192x128 LCD, 53 kypd, 1 srl, pwr sup, box. $399 «im yt sales 1 -800-505-6749 AV#£_>4 303-444-7737 • Fax 303-786-9983 Circle 152 on Inquiry Card. Circle 142 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 31.1. Computer Systems • Data Acquisition Data Acquisition ss 8 BIT, 250 WISPS A/D Card Circle 187 on Inquiry Card. Rackmount Solutions RACKMOUNT COMPONENTS - Q7Y 2 5 PRICING RackmountChassis 19"x7"x17" $131 Rackmount VGA Monitor $531 Rackmount Monitor Shelf $113 Rackmount Cherry Keyboard Drawer $200 RACKMOUNT PLATFORMS - Qty 1 Pricing RMS486DX2-66 EISA $1593 RMS486SX-33 $915 RMS486DX-33 $1136 RMS386SX-33 $665 RACKMOUNT CHASSIS - 1 5 Models up to 20 Board Slots SLOT CPU BOARDS -EISA/ISA 486, 486SX, 386, 386SX RACKMOUNT MONITORS - Super VGA & Monochrome RACKMOUNT KEYBOARDS - High Quality Cherry KB RACKMOUNT SWITCH - Video/KB up to 12 CPUs RACKMOUNT CABINET - Modular trom 21" to 96" high Exclusive International DistributorProgram now Available TOL VALLEY TECHNOLOGY INC. 2468 Armstrong Street, Livermore CA 94550 (510)447-2030 FAX: (510) 447-4559 GciGc 1-800-567-GAGE V 12 bit, 60 MSPS A/D V 8 bit, 250 MSPS A/D V Up to 16 Meg Memory V Drivers in C, BASIC, Windows DLL, LabVIEW, LabWindows CVI CSLITE 8 bit, 40 MSPS $595 CS250 8 bit, 100 MSPS $3500 CS2125 8 bit, 250 MSPS $4995 CS1 1 2 12 bit, 20 MSPS $4995 CS6012 12 bit. 60 MSPS $6995 U.S Prices. International prices may vary Gage Applied Sciences Inc. 5610 Bois Franc, Montreal, QC, Canada H4S 1A9 From outside North America, call +1-514-337-6893 Fax: (514) 337-8411, BBS: (514) 337-4317 Circle 138 on Inquiry Card. Printer-port connection 1500 volts isolation 8 voltage/current inputs 1 frequency input 16 bit A/0, 1 ksps/input AC or battery power Stand alone operation Complete in one unit Industrial/Commercial use only H Innov&ntion Industries Inc. Olympic Towers, 300 Pearl St., Suite 200, Buffalo NY 14202 • (716) 842-4558 251 Brighton Ave:, Toronto, Canada M3H 4E8 • (416) 636-0052 * Fax (416) 636-7738 Circle 156 on Inquiry Card. Circle 182 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 183). i Industrial PC Solutions Hj^^^** 1 *f'TM' j: - «B ■■lip f t. li.^H H (Ui :?,>'•* :■;«*. ■■-■-■ ;.;= Rackmount PCs Industrial PC Chassis Industrial Workstations Panel Display PCs Pentium/486/386 CPU Cards RS-232/422/485 Interface Analog and digital l/Os Data Acquisition Call 800-800-6889 to receive a FREE 100- page Solution Guide for your OEM or system integration needs. Advanteck 750 E. Arques Ave. Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-245-6678, Fax 408-245-8268 312 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 136 on Inquiry Card. Portable Data Acquisition for Notebook PCs Measure volts, thermocouples, RTDs, strain gages, isolated high voltage, and more— up to 256 channels at 10 usec/channel. DOS, Windows, and icon-based software support included. From $695 11* or 16-bit TW I JOOkHzDaqBooks High-speed PCMCIA or parallel port connection (216)439-4091 proach to Instrumentation" FOX (21 6) 4 > 7"4V"3 lOtech, Inc. • 25971 Cannon Rd. - Cleveland, OH 44146 NEW 23-bit A/D offers both HIGH SPEED and HIGH RESOLUTION Circle 141 on Inquiry Card. 5400 Samples/Sec • Linearity 0.0004% of Full Scale Typical » Standard Parallel Printer Poi • 20 Digital I/O Lines ► Input Impedance 100,000 Megohms • Expandable to 96 Channels at an affordable price $1295 Call now to order or for information about our complete line of Data Acquisition Products. PHONE 800-444-5355 FAX 406-257-5572 #i Lawson Labs, Inc. Circle 144 on Inquiry Card. Data Acquisition • Fax Boards/Machines Disk & Optical Drives • Keyboards The Intelligent Solution For Data Acquisition MAP 3200e™ Data Acquisition Processor' Analog 1/0 to 769K samples per second Digital I/O to 1.6M samptes per second Up to 512 analog inputs on one DAP rM Up to 128 digital inputs on one DAI' Uj) to 66 analog outputs on one DAI 3 Up to 1124 digital outputs on one DAP On-board 486: SX, SX2, DX2, or DX4 Real-Time Data Acquisition- Windows or OS/2 Rc;il-Time Process Control- Windows or OS/2 On-board FFT. FIR, I'll), and more VBX Custom Control 206-453-2345 / fax 206-453-3199 info@mstarlabs.com http://www.mstarlabs.com/mstarlabs/ Microsta r Laboratories/ 2265 116th Avenue NE Bellevue.WA 98004 LOW COST/FAST A/D BOARD Model AD-8H50ATfor PC/AT ISA Bus 50 MSPS, 8 bit $3,595 with 1 MB Up to 4 MB Memory Versatile Function Easy Programming Free Demo Program -? M Worldwide agent - Sci Tran Products 1734 Emery Drive, Allison Park, PA 15101 U.S.A. Tel: (412) 367-7063 Fax: (412) 367-7063 Headquarters - Thamway Co., Ltd. 3-9-2 Imaizumi, Fujishi, Shizuoka 417 JAPAN Tel: (0545) 53-8965 Fax: (0545) 53-8978 Terminate SCSI Problen SCSIl/i/e A:t/Ve Terminator Benefits: • Improves SCSI Bus Performance • Less Errors; More Reliable Data Transfer • Diagnoses Problems • Analyzes Signal Oualftv Features: i§m**W\W%. • Active Regulation Status Indicators • Gold Contacts ^upas** 1 Optional - — Remote Display $3S SCSWueGold Diagnostic Cables Benefits: • No Loss Of Important Data • Faster Performance • Test Cable Integrity Features: • Diagnostic Indicators • Large Ferrite Filters • Triple Shielding (Unique Cable Design) • Double Gold 20u" Plated Connectors • Extra Heavy 26 Gauge Wire SCSI l/i/e Teflon Internal Cables Benefits: • Less Errors, Ultimate Performance • Silver Wire Improves Signal Quality • Perfect 90 Ohm Impedance Match The SCSI Solution • Triple Pronged Connector With Gold contacts Company ff^}^ £,i _ 4j Jil jJ Jl'S 3101 Whipple Rd. f Union City, CA, 94587 Ph: 510-471-6442 Fax 510-471-6267 Circle 211 on Inquiry Card. Circle 160 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 161). HERE YOUR DATA IS Micro power, Ultra Small Data Acquisition AdcDongle12A b Channels &9 Special Factory Direct Price ^4+9 * PC Serial Port DB25 Interface * Self-Powered Model, no batteries * 12 bit 10us A/D, Linear PCM, 4V FS * 1 to 64 Channel, 4-20mA input models * Latest ICs, Surface Mount Technology * 8 Channel Waveform Viewer/Editor $75 * DOS Libraries + VB DLL $15 and up nMrmatioh - Other Portable Products Also 800-969-441 1 ?S* A Sfc5?&*§®<> 4760 Castlewood Drive, San Jose, CA 95129 Circle 151 on Inquiry Card. SMART FAX MODEM? Yes, a fax modem that works with your PC off! ! THE FAXPLUS 9624 Ms- 4 ADVANCED IfAAM Storks Faxes In Memory View Faxes before Printing AC or Battery Operation Send Faxes with any Scanner V.42, MNP Data Modem Up to 16MB 01 Memory Comes with FREE Software Use Your Existing Printer Supports CAS Applications And Much, Much Mouf!! Advanced Image Communications 3343 D Vincent Ru. Pi.i:asani Hii.l, CA 94523 USA Pn.51()-V47-I000/FA\ J9IMI A REMOVABLE STORAGE MODULES FEATURES & OPTIONS: > Supports most 3.5" hard drives > IDE, or SCSI interfaces > Hot removability > Key iock ON/OFF security > Fan cooling option > Built-in SCSI :iD selector switch option > Ruggedized aluminum or ; low-cost plastic version > Power/Drive activity LEDs ->. Patent protected RUGGED RACKMOUNT KEYBOARDS 19" rackmount keyboards 1U or 1 .75" space 25 models Full travel and membrane types IBM PC XT/AT, PS2 compatible US and Intl. versions Spring-lock front panel Serial output 16mm, 2 button trackball Call Elma at 510-656-3400 IELMA. ELMA Electronic Inc. 44350 Grimmer Blvd. Fremont, CA 94538 Tel: (510) 656-3400 Fax: (510)656-3783= Circle 176 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 177). Circle 174 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 175). SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTE 313 s i Keyboards • LAN Hardware • Laptops & Notebooks CUSTOMIZE YOUR KEYBOARD • Custom Key Imprinting - all brands! • Custom Colored keys for IBM®, DEC*, Wyse®, Key Tronic®, Cherry®, and more! • Custom and stock keytop label kits for software support & languages. • Full color keyboard templates made to your exact specifications. • Word Perfect Keyboards. • Cyrillic, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. Keyboards CUSTOM HOTLINE 800 937-1337 from the leader in Keytop Innovations™ Dept. BYTE, 260 Justin Dr. ^— w ^^n^. s^\ [—am. Cottonwood, AZ 86326 [feX°)U(3©[jl 520 634-7515 CORPORATION FAX 520 634-4620 Circle 139 on Inquiry Card. antec Zero Down Time Server Solution w/ Hot-Swap Redundant Power Supply 18 Bay File Server Case • 8 Open Drive Bays • Removable Motherboard Rack • 3 System Cooling Fans Hot-Swap Redundant Power Supply • Load-Sharing Design • Power Fault Alarm/LED/Signal • N+l Redundancy Also available other Server & RAID Cases >\ ANTEC INC»RPORATFD 2859 Bayview Drive, Fremont, CA 94538 (510) 770-1200 ext 313 Fax (510) 770-1288 Circle 202 on Inquiry Card. Laptop/Notebook UPGRADES CPU and Hard-drive Upgrades v for all major grands. • 486SLC2 clock-doubled CPU upgrades for 286/386SX's - IBM486SLC2 (with 16KB cache) for true 486 performance. • 386DX to IBM 486BL3 clock-tripled CPU upgrades. • 1486SX/DX to i486DX4 clock-tripled CPU upgrades. • Upgrade-packages (CPU & hard-drive) from $495.00 — Packages include installation, file transfer & return shipping. Request our new Upgrade Guide Now available! 486 upgrades for most IBM PS/2 models. CORPORATE Upgrades, Inc. (800) 240-6190 US/Canada: Tel: (916)536-3710 Fax: (916)536-3719 P0 Box 289, Fair Oaks, CA 95628 Europe: Tel: (+46) 8-751-7668 Fax: (+46) 8-75.1-4601 Box 1189, Kista, Sweden All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. '. 314- BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 200 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 201). Laptops & Notebooks^ ail Order*Memory/Chips/Upgrades The LIGHTEST desktop-to-go PC Rial HEWLETT L"/J PACKARD The OmniB00k 600C > Color 8.5" display « DOS 6.2, Windows 95 ready ■ 2 PCMCIA card slots i Full-size keyboard « Pop-up mouse ■ Only 3.8 lbs! EduCALC 27953 Cabot Road Laguna Niguel, CA 92677 Fax: 714-582-1445 — CALL TODAY FOR PRICING & CATALOG 800-713-6525 Circle 162 on Inquiry Card. you were ((linking of expanding your storage or adding a CO-BOM, you might want to give us a call. Circle 213 on Inquiry Card. SimmVerter™ Save $100s in memory when upgrading to newer PC Systems! SimmVerter™ converts your old 30 pin SIMMs to 36 bit, 72 pin connector SIMMs... ...for only $19 • Converts four 1MBx9 SIMMs to one 1MBx36 SIMM (4MB). I • Converts four4MBx9 SIMMs to one 4MBx36 SIMM (16MB). ; t/ Guaranteed to work In any system using 36 bit memory. • Works along with other 36 bit and even 32 bit SIMMs. \y Up to 4 adapters can be installed side by side. i \/ 4 models to choose from to fit any system. l/ Patented and designed in the USA. To Order call 1-800-440-7466 ' OEM, dealer & distributor inquiries welcome ! ; * Price per adapter. Add $5 for stopping and handling and sales tax where applicable. CA/feldN 1976 Lowney Way San Josa, CA 95131 Ph. 408-937-0390 Fax. 408437-0391 Circle 196 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 197). E50 Breaks the 4-Color Price Barrier with the Hardware/Software Showcase See how affordable it is to advertise to BYTE's 500,000 computer professionals in this section! ■ Call for more advertising information: (603) 924-2695 or (603) 924-2598 [gffl^Bggggjjjgjgg Mi\m\i,)mu-ii,\,m,,u\,)\Mmum \A install four 30pln SIMMs Into one 72pln Slot I Ji Also Available: Install two 72plri SIMMs In one 72pln slot Circle 208 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 209). ROM B IOS UPG RADES iUTHORIZED AMI & MR BIOS DlSTRllWTOl Buy with confidence from one of the largest and most knowledgeable BIOS distributors. Most with features such as: 100% ibm compatibility Password Protection Support for up to 4 drives Boot sequence selection Guaranteed lowest prices! mentation & support included for hassle-free installations. Maixboards / Drives / Memory / & More... CALL NOW! DEFINABLE DRIVE TYPES rIANCED IDE SUPPORT LBA (> 528mb) support Vbit block mode transfer j built-in ROM I TTi Technologies Inc. 805-650-2030 9 1445 Ooiiion St. 29 Fax: 805-650-65 1 5 1 9 Ventura,Gi. 93003 an ~^H : Cau for Free Catalog! Sui=WVCi 15 NOH-REFUNOABlfc, 1-800-541-1943 BBS # 1-805-650-2045 Hf.MOCX ON BtHROS WTH1N 30 fc*Ti NO r*. ,,11~ KFTtB 30 M« Circle 163 on Inquiry Card. 1 CD-R "OHETO ONE SR-4100r great y helps on your multimedia solution! Features ; 4X Speed duplication oHard drive to 2 discs simultaneously • Bit to Bit comparison • Interactive easy operation • As PC external drive • Network up to 10 units • Single drive type available (SR-4IO0S) Supported Formats CD-ROM Mode I CD-ROM Mode 2 CD-DA, CD-I Mixed Mode C&-80M XA Mode 2 Form I CD-ROM XA Mode t Form. 2 VIDEO CD Hybrid ISO96&0, HFS, Single Session Multt Session IMM HOEI SANGYO CO.. LTD. TEL 8 1 -3-3665-34 1 8 FAX:8l-3-366l-9l47 (2-15 NIH0NBASHI-K0BUNACH0 CHU0-KU, TOKYO 103 JAPAN DISTRIBUTOR LSK Data Systems GmbH GERMANY TEL: 45-60 7 1 -24077 FAX; 49-6071-24079 Circle 191 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 192). VGA toTV WITHOUT SOFTWARE AT LOW COST *m ,oi.»- i «««» WmL ■ « ADVANTAGES • No software (all modes) • VGA compatible 1 6Mcolors • Anti-Flicker, real time, overscan • DOS - Windows - Unix - OS/2 compatible • PAL & Y/C outputs (or NTSC) PC card version & ASIC available HIGH-END & BROADCAST : • Scan converter, Genlock • Up to 1280x1024 down computer to video, converter to VGA, • Line Doubler : Video to • Booster, Hi-Res cables, VGA. Tel.: (33-1) 60 13 18 10 I I MAtf A | Fax: (33-1) 60 11 17 64 Ml 1*1 H A M Circle 205 on Inquiry Card. UNK YOUR PC TO THIS "PC"! Download your .EXE file Flash! Program is Installed Only Micro/sys delivers embedded PCs this easy to use. CPU, RAM, FLASH, serial ports, 1/0. V40 through 486. All ready-to-run. On-board firmware loads .EXE files into RAM for debug, or into flash for your final system. No hidden development costs. Save time money - right out of the box. Starting at $235. Qty 1 FREE! 284 pg. Catalog (818) 244-4600* FAX (818) 244-4246 MICRO/SYS k Circle 193 on Inquiry Card. To Subscribe to BYTE magazine, or for Customer Service, contact your local BYTE Subscription Representative: Benelux Gerry Westerhof Phone: 31 2209 1855 Fax: 31 2209 1145 France Eric Le Quinio Phone: 33 1 49 77 03 06 Fax: 33 1 43 76 74 29 Germany Wolfgang Brezina Phone: 49 89 525 847 Fax: 49 89 529 850 Greece Maria Hadjioannou Phone/Fax: 30 61 272072 Hungary Imre &,abo Phone: 36 76 488888 Fiix: 36 76 488889 Ireland Ian Banghain Phone: 353 1 2859609 Fax: 353 I 2857370 Italy Enrico Cainpia Phone: 39 11 8127656 Fax: 39 li 8127744 Middle East Zaf ar Inumdar Phone: 971 4 666788 Fax: 971 4 621 149 Poland Wlodek Bincyzk Phone: 48 2 625 22 75 Fax: 48 2 628 16 14 Portugal Manuel Neves Phone: 351 1 3479301 Fax: 351 1 3475127 Scandinavia Lauge Dehn Phone: 45 86223188 Fax: 45 862J28159 orGunnarSandbjerg Phone: 45 42803341 Fax: 45 45805579 South Africa MAST Publications Phone: 27 11 8804988 Fax: 27 11 4428327 Spain Publitrade Phone: 34 1 733 7346 Fax: 34 1733 8970 or Eduardo Montojo Phone/Fax: 34 1 57 16685 Turkey Cengiz Eren Phone: 90 2 16 345 3473 Fax: 90 2 16 346 2464 United Kingdom Peter Gregson Phone: 44 61 430 3423 Fax: 44 61 494 6976 or John Luker Phone: 44 258 821114 Fax: 44 258 821115 If there is no BYTE representative listed above for your country, please contact: BYTE Subscriber Services: PO Box 72, Gahvay, Ireland. Fax: +1 353 91 752793. Phone: + 1353 91752792. BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 315 Multimedia At Boxligbt, you get the exafosystern for your metis. We have over 50 nmdels in stock, so you aren't limited to just a few products. Your order l if i less than 24 hours, worldwide. Buying presentation equipment doesn't get any more convenient. And our 30-day money-back guarantee means there's absolutely no risk. So wiry wait? Pick up the phone. Call today! QiiFor OurImst Speoms! P Jil CALLBOXLIGHT! ll'itit vitrirty aj'ptvJKton and pamk h "erulay through Friday, 6m*i-5(mt, Pmfit Programmable Hardware • Tape Drives • UPS Smart Stuff S! Low-cost miniature controllers, rich in features, with integrated C-language development system tor fast project completion. Call our a AutoFAX 91 6-753-061 8 (ff from your FAX. Requests catalog 18. r ORLD 1724 Picasso Ave. Davis, CA 95616 916.757.3737 916.753.5141 FAX Circle 155 on Inquiry Card. Tape Solutions &jsaa*tfflsaai The Tape Experts • 9 TRACK • 3480 • 3490 • 3490E • LIBRARIES Qualstar Corporation 6709 Independence Avenue Canoga Park, CA 91 303 FAX (B1 8) 592-11 16 TEL (81 8) 592-0061 (800) 468-0680 Circle 185 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 186). Circle 149 on Inquiry Card. i if we don't sell it, It's Not Worth Looking At. PANELIGHT IS YOUR ONE STOP SHOP FOR ALL LEADING BRANDS • SALES, RENTALS, & LEASES Money-back guarantee • Overnight shipping. PANELIGHT OFFERS THE BEST IN SELF-CON- TAINED LCD PROJEC- TORS, LCD PROJECTION PANELS, SUPER-BRIGHT OVERHEADS, MULTI- MEDIA MONITORS, AND ACCESSORIES FROM THE WORLD'S LEADING MAN- UFACTURERS; HITACHI, IN FOCUS, PROXIMA, NEC, nView, Polaroid AND OTHERS. Call the experts at panelight Display Systems, Inc. ^ImAYSYSTEMB, INC. ZJ Call PANELIGHT FOR OUR FREE catalog: 1 -800-726-3599. 24-HR. FAX: 415-9B6-3817 PANELIGHT DISPLAY SYSTEMS, INC., P.O. BOX 190940, san Francisco, ca 941 19. OH CALL 415-772-5800. 3J.6 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 212 on Inquiry Card. PC/Main fro me/Mini Information Exchange • Tape Transfer and Format Conversion • EBCDIC «-* ASCII Data Manipulation • AS/400, TK50, and W QIC Drives • UNIX Tar and DEC Save Set Options • Reseller Inquiries Invited QuickCopy" Tape Duplication READ/WRITE 9-TRACK 3480 • 8MM • DAT on YOUR PC NOW! &Ut lit . . . {317} X42-2077 or 1-800-248-3475 FAX: (317) 842-8294 THedui ftwMtijto, Syttem Since, J 973 Circle 168 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 169). 250W/+24VDC Input 250W/-48VDC Input DC-to-DC Converter Contact us for +12VDC input model !! IACI SYSTEMS ACE-925T: -40VDC to -57VDC ACE-925C: 18VDC to 30 VDC Input protection against wrong polarity Operating Temp: C ~ 50 C Storage Temp: -40 C - +75 C Dimensions: 5 7/8X5 1/2 X 3 1/2 Western Region: 1-800-983-1177 Eastern Region: 1-800-886-2243 Circle 194 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 195). CAD/CAM • Communications/Networking • Database Educational • Engineering/Scientific • Mathematical/Statistical . ~ Wintek Corporation IUTI%VI T l7ir 1801 South street U 1A I ttlk| Lafayette, IN 47904 (800) 742-6809 HiWIRE® II Schematic and PCB Software With support for ex- panded and extended memory, HiWIRE II can handle your most de- manding schematic and PCB designs. The unique HiWIRE II editor allows you to display and edit schematics and PCBs simultaneously, using the same commands for each. HiWIRE II is $995, and is guaranteed. Call (800) 742-6809 or (317) 448-1903 T R A l( ! for Novell's CNE Certification Circle 154 on Inquiry Card. TM alkie T INTERNATIOH^ CALL BACK LONG DISTANCE RESELLER ! PREDICTIVE DIALERS ' DATE-LINES \ CHAT LINES -CONFERENCING i III. lti ^VOICE-MAIL $ un 1*9*9*4 HLQIHJCTJ AUTO-ATTENDANT FAX-ON-DEMAND AUDIOTEX : S>CD>OUTDiAUNG 30 ^Z u TELEMARKETING JL-* ^APP-GEN&MORE " Very good product for VARs" Computer Telephony, Mar 94 Novell's CNE Study So You Wanna Be a PMC9f Conforms to Novell's VII k . . NEW CNE program ► Train all your LAN managers for one low price. ► Study in the convenience of your home or office. ► Learn atyourownpace. ► Save hundreds of dollars compared to live instruction! Six months free on-line support from live instructor via BBS included. U.S.:1-800-MKIE4 fax:716.855-2244 CAN:41 6-665-7638 ■ tuLA-mm-m, announced April 11, 1995 COURSES COVERED ■ NetWare 3.1x Administration ■ NetWare 3.1x Advanced Administration ■ NetWare 3.1x Installation & Configuration ■ NetWare 4 Update ■ Service and Support ■ Networking Technologies . ■TCP/IP United Education Centers 50 South Main, Pleasant Grove, UT 84062 801-785-7900 ext. 28 Circle 189 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 190). Circle 188 on Inquiry Card. Factory Data Collection 7 8 9 Cl£AH F1 -I 4 5 6 MLETt F3 J i 1 i 2 3 E'iiEFt F5 F6 S1 O S2 SPftCt F7 F8 The TransTerm 5 is a work station data entry/display terminal for on-line shop floor data collection into PC/AT/PS-2 systems. The unit is one of a family of such terminals which feature LC displays for operator prompting and data entry via sealed touch keys or an optional barcode scanner or badge reader (Code39,UPC+). A multi-terminal network controller (up to 250 stations) and a dBASE IV compatible software package are also available. System costs start below $300 per station. Options include display backlighting, barcode scanning, counter inputs, control output. computerwise: 302 N. Winchester • Olathe, KS 66062 913-829-0600 • 800-255-3739 • FAX 913-829-0810 HSC Chemistry for Windows Chemical reaction and equilibrium software, which au- tomatically utilizes an extensive thermochemical database equi- valent to more than seven thick data books. The new version 2.0 is now available with many new features and larger database. Ask for a color brochure: Outokumpu Research Oy P.O. Box 60, FIN-28101 Fori, Finland Fax: +358-39-626-5310 Tel: +358-39-626-6111 Circle 164 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 165). For High-Quality Scientific Publishing, use PCT^X Typesetting Software. Make all your documents and math formulas look their best! For a free brochure & demo disk, call 800/808-7906 Personal TrfX, Inc. 12 Madrona Street, Mill Valley, CA 94941 Fax: 41 5/388-8865 E-mail: pti@crl.com Circle 137 on Inquiry Card. Circle 148 on Inquiry Card. SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 317 Matliemaiical/Statistical • Programming Languages/Tools II Programming Languages/Tools • Windows HiQ Read-World Math 1 o solve tough numerical analysis problems, you need. . . -^NATIONAL J» INSTRUMENTS Numerical Analysis Software Free HiQ numerical analysis and data visualization demonstration software for Macintosh. The demonstration package includes the HiQ demo program and an 84-page step-by-step demonstration manual that gives the user a comprehensive look at HiQ. Example problems include: signal processing, ordinary differential equations, linear algebra, numerical integration, and 3D visualization. National Instruments 6504 Bridge Point Parkway, Austin, TX 78730 (512)794-0100 (800) 433-3488 (U.S. and Canada) Fax (51 2) 794-8411 Circle 145 on Inquiry Card. Create FORMS for Windows or DOS applications Integrate forms, logos, fonts, graphics, signatures, into Visual Basic, C/C + + , FoxPro, Clipper, Clarion, programs. Visual Forms, in a Windows environ- ment, creates PCL or metafile. Use Template Maker to position your X,Y coordinates for your data fields. Custom and stock forms available. Digitized logos, signatures. dVHCInl < 914 > 354 " 8666 BUSINESS SYSTEMS, IMC. 5C Medical Park Dr. Pomona NY 10970 Don't Be the Only One Using FORTRAN 77 You look around and discover everyone is making the move to LAHEY FORTRAN 90. Except you. You're using Fortran because it is proven, portable, and the best language for numerically intensive programs. But why 77? With Lahey Fortran 90, you can run your FORTRAN 77 programs FASTER and take advantage of the new language feature in 90. Array expressions, more intrinsic functions, structures, pointers, better array handling, and modules are just a few of the reasons to move to Lahey Fortran 90. Use these and other features to build new, faster executing 32-BIT applications with fewer lines of code. But even if you are not writing new code, the design and speed of Lahey Fortran 90 are reasons enough to switch. Lahey's innovative compiler design combined with Intel Corporation's highly OPTIMIZED code generation technology produces a language system optimized from the chip up. Lahey Fortran 90 is the fastest PC Fortran on the Pentium— over 18 Mflops on a 90 MHz (SP Unpack). And, you get all the TOOLS found in our award-winning (ahem) FORTRAN 77 language systems: editor, debugger, profiler, librarian, make, linker, video graphics, and Phar Laps's royalty-free DOS-Extender— everything you need to write or port 4GB programs. Add to this our decade of writing PC Fortrans and free technical support. So, don't be the last one using FORTRAN 77, make the move to Lahey Fortran 90. $895 Call 800 548-4778 for more information on our Fortran language systems Fortran is our forte 702831-2500 • Fax:702 831-8123 Circle 143 on Inquiry Card. Fuzzy it *% Numbers? ~ _ P <* Conventional spreadsheets can't cope with uncertain or fuzzy numbers. But now there's FuziCalc. This Windows spreadsheet uses revolution- ary fuzzy math technology to achieve breakthrough performance. Call now for FREE information. 800-472-6183 FuziCalc The Fuzzy Spreadsheet™ FuziWaie, Inc. (615) 588-4144 Circle 157 on Inquiry Card. Circle 181 on Inquiry Card. i Learn C++ & Windows-Based Programming. Simply, Quickly! With the OML Learning Series™ you can learn C/C++, object technology and Windows m -Based pro- gramming quickly and conveniently in the privacy of your home or office. The OML Learning Series features: Visual Series", C/C++ Series'" OOA/OOD Series ", OLE Series" E' -_io H ID •v i ^ : zn Call us for information, and FREE Demo Software ^ Each series: $249* (reg. $400) Any 2 series: $399* (reg. $750) Any 3 series: $549* (reg. $1050) All 4 series: $649* (reg. $1300) LAN version: Call * Limited Time Offer 800-6789-OML Object Management Laboratory TEL: 805-373-8111 FAX: 805-373-8116 318 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 Circle 184 on Inquiry Card. Japanese/ I WWW home pag http://www KUREO TECHNOLOGY LTD. 303-3600 Gilmore Way, Burnaby, B.C. V5G 4R8 CANADA Tel: (604) 433-7715 Fax: (604) 433-3393 inq@lntransnet.bc.ca : : word processor Windows. OLE2.0 server feature, t can insert Japanese on tgtish applications. gh end Japanese/English lachine translation program. -Incredible translation speed. Circle 179 on Inquiry Card (RESELLERS: 180). THE BUYER'S MART A DIRECTORY OF PRODUCTS AND SERVICES THE BUYER'S MART is a unique classified section organized by product category to help readers locate suppliers. Each ad has Inquiry numbers to aid readers requesting information from advertisers. AD FORMAT: Each ad will be designed and typeset by BYTE. Do NOT send logos or camera-ready artwork. Advertisers should furnish typewritten copy. 2"x1Vi6 M ads can include headline (23 characters maximum), de- scriptive text (300 characters is the maximum recommended) plus company name, address, tele- phone and fax number. 2"x2 5 / 8 " ad has more space for descriptive text (850 characters is the maximum recom- mended). DEADLINE: Ad copy is due approximately 2 months prior to issue date. For example: November issue closes on September 6. Send your copy and payment to: THE BUYER'S MART, BYTE Magazine, 1 Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458. For more infor- mation call: Ellen Perham at 603-924-2598 or Mark Stone at 603-924-2695. FAX: 603-924-2683. RATES (Jan. 1995) 3-5 6-11 12 Issues issues Issues 2"x1V. 6 " 2"x2 5 A" 1 ad $731 $701 $614 2 ads/issue - - 584 3 ads/issue - - 556 1 ad $1,462 $1,402 $1,228 2 ads/issue - - 1,169 3 ads/issue - - 1,111 ••COLOR - Add $100 ACCESSORIES BAR CODE BAR CODE KEYBOARD, VIDEO, MOUSE, AUDIO Extend signals from PC with EXTENDER Split signals with COMPANION/PC EXPANDER Switch signals among PCs with COMMANDER Boosts signals up to 600 feet. Control up to 96 PCs with one keyboard, monitor and mouse. CYBEX CORPORATION 4912 Research Dr., Huntsville, AL 35805 Phone: 205-430-4000 Fax: 205-430-4030 Inquiry 651. STABILANT 22 CONTACT ENHANCER "Highly recommended..." Jerry Poumelle A long-term environmentally-safe, resident contact treatment; Stabilant 22 substantially improves the reliability of connectors and contacts for computers, bio-medical electronics, telecom, avionics, process control, CATV, video, audio, and automotive equipment. D.W. Electrochemicals Ltd. 97 Newkirk Road (North) Unit 3, Richmond Hill, Ontario L4C 3G4, Canada (905) 508-7500 Inquiry 652. BAR CODE Bar Code Readers For PC, XT, AT, PS/2, Macintosh and Serial Terminals • Attaches as 2nd Keyboard, no software changes • Reads 2of5, 128, UPC/EAN, Code 39, etc. • External or Internal attachment on PC • Wand, CCD, SlotBadge, Magstripe or Laser • Supports DOS, Novell, UNIX, Mac OS, etc. • 100+ Configurable Options • Supports USA & International Keyboards • 2 Year Warranty, 30 Day $ Back Guarantee + Direct From Manufacturer • Top Rated by Independent Review • Complete with CCD Scanner -S624 • Complete with Laser Scanner - $784 • Complete Wand only Reader- S329 Worthington Data Solutions 3004 Mission Street • Santa Cruz, CA 95060 408-458-9938 800-345-4220 Labeling Software For DOS and Windows with dot-matrix, LaserJet or DeskJet. Easy WYSIWYG design. Any format/size. Mix big text, bar codes, and PCX graphics. Formats for AIAG, KMart, Sears, MIL-STD, Penneys, WalMart File Input. LabelRIGHT for D0S-S279. LabelRIGHT for Wlndows- $295. 30 Day Money Back Guarantee Worthington Data Solutions (408) 458-9938 800-345-4220 Portable Reader • AA Battery Operated, 64K o r 256K • Display messages and optional voice messages tell operator what to do. Messages are easily recorded (like answering machine) in any language. This unit is EASY! • Double duty as Non-portable Reader • 4x20 Supettwist LCD Display, 35 Rubber Keys • 2 Built-in Inventory Programs or create custom • Download tables and Pick Lists • Wand, CCD, or Laser Scanner Input • Serial Interface and Keyboard Interface • Reads 2of5, UPC/EAN, 128, Code 39, etc. • 2 year Warranty on Reader & Wand • 30 Day Money Back Guarantee • 64K Complete with Steel Wand - S799 • Small Size and very long battery life Worthington Data Solutions 3004 Mission Street • Santa Cruz, CA 95060 408-458-9938 FAX 408-458-9964 800-345-4220 RF Terminal Communicates 2 way to Serial Base Station from 150-600 ft. Relay units extend range to 2400 ft. 1 - 1 6 terminals per base station. Keyboard, wand, CCD or laser scanner input. 16 Selectable frequencies. Small size and low weight - 12 oz. with batteries. Base Station - S740 Terminal -S1096 Worthington Data Solutions (408) 458-9938 (800) 345-4220 ADD IMPACT WITH COLOR IN THE BUYER'S MART!! Attract the attention of your customers with the addition of color to your ad. Call Ellen Perham 603-924-2598 or Mark Stone 603-924-2695 for details Fax 603-924-2683 Windows Bar Code Fonts Add bar codes to any font based Windows program. Fonts designed for dot matrix, DeskJet and LaserJet. Print Codabar, 2 of 5, Code 128, UPC/EAN and Code 39 inside your Windows program. TrueType fonts, bitmaps and metafile support included. Only S199. Worthington Data Solutions (408) 458-9938 (800) 345-4220 Portable Bar Code Reader > Use as a PORTABLE, WEDGE, or SERIAL > 9V Battery Operation with Lithium Backup > 2x16 Supertwist LCD Display > 54 Key Keyboard with Separate Numeric Keys > Real-time Clock Supports Date & Time Stamps > Reads all Popular Bar Codes (16 types) > Wand, CCD, Laser, or Serial Input Devices > Built-in Program Generator > Create Your Own Custom Programs > 6 Built-in Inventory Programs > Up to 250 Programs Can Reside in Memory > Create up to 250 Data Files per Program > Up to 250 Look-Up Files in Memory > Built-in Calculator > Supports HAYES Compatible Modems > 64K Memory with Data Compression > 30-day $$ Back Guarantee - 1 Year Warranty > Complete Unit with WAND Scanner- $795 AMERICAN MICROSYSTEMS 2190 Regal Parkway, Euless, TX 76040 (800)648-4452 (817)571-9015 FAX (817) 685-6232 BAR CODE READERS For PC, XT, AT, PS/2, & Serial Terminals > Emulates Keyboard: Works With Any Software > Data Appears as Keyboard Input > Uses Enhanced Decoding Algorithms > Accepts Wand, Slot/Badge, CCD, Laser, Magnetic Stripe Reader, & RS232 Serial Input > Reads All Popular Bar Codes (16 types) > Reads HIGH, MEDIUM, & LOW density codes > Auto-Discriminates Between Bar Code Types > Easily Programmed with a Bar Code Menu > Over 140 User Configurable Options > Daisy Chain Up to 96 Readers > Supports NOVELL Networks > Supports US & INTERNATIONAL Keyboards > Direct From Manufacturer > 30-day $$ Back Guarantee, 1 Year Warranty > Complete Unit with LASER Scanner - $645 > Complete Unit with WAND Scanner- $299 AMERICAN MICROSYSTEMS 2190 Regal Parkway, Euless, TX 76040 (800)648-4452 (817)571-9015 FAX (817) 685-6232 Inquiry 653. SEPTEMBER 1 995 B Y X E 319 THE BUYER'S MART BAR CODE CAD/CAM CD-ROM Bar Code Printing Software LabelWorks for Windows > Prints all Popular Bar Code Types (19 Types) >■ Desktop Publishing Features: WYSIWYG, Scalable Fonts, Rulers, Guides, Lines, Shapes, Page Zooms (25%-400%), Templates >■ Rotates Text, Bar Codes, and Graphics > Suppoits Windows Compatible Fonts > Choose From Over One Hundred Popular Label Formats or Design Your Own > Rich Text Support: Mix Styles, Types, & Sizes > Automatically Prints Serial Numbers > Imports & Exports Graphic Files: TIFF, GIFF, BMP, PCX, WPG, WMF, TARGA > Supports Virtually all Windows Compatible Printers (PostScript, Laser, & Dot Matrix) > 30-day Money-Back Guarantee, $295 * * * CALL FOR FREE DEMO SOFTWARE* * * AMERICAN MICROSYSTEMS 2190 Regal Parkway, Euless, TX 76040 (800)648-4452 (817)571-9015 FAX (817) 685-6232 BARCODE & MAG. STRIPE SYSTEMS • Keyboard Wedge with HP Stainless Steel Wand/Mag. Stripe Reader $249 • Keyboard Wedge with SYMBOL LS2000 or SP400 Laser & Mag. Stripe Reader S849 • Keyboard Wedge with PSC QuickScan Laser/Mag. Stripe Reader $699 • Software Wedge Decoder with HP Stainless Steel Wand orl-aserScanner (oos & win - rs-232 or parallel) $189 + • All Wedge Packages include a Wand or Laser Holder • Mag. Stripe Encoder/Reader (3 Trks) w/Software $1299 • Printing Software (dos, win, unk... ) $149 + • Portable Data Terminals (128K-4 .2ne) $599 + • Complete POS System: 486 40Mhz, $1 999 4MB RAM, monitor, POS Software, SP212 Receipt Printer, M-S Cash Drawer, pole display, HP stainless steel wand and magnetic stripe reader wtih decoder • Application Software: Inven, Asset, Tools, Time & Attend.... • Radio Frequency Terminals (spread spectrum/narrow band) • Bar Code Printing Software (DOS) included with each purchase • Made in the USA • 30 Day $$ Back • Spanish Dept. Avail. • Direct from Mfg. BARCODE INTERNATIONAL SYSTEMS (BIS) 12140 Severn Way, Riverside, CA 92503 (909) 270-0016 Int'l (800)653-4252 US • (800)219-5178 CAN • FAX (909)270-0920 Inquiry 654. Circuit Design Software for Windows Easy-to-use schematic entry, PCB design, and simulation software, starting at $149 each. Complete PCB package with schematics, autorouter, and layout for 2-layer circuit boards, $399. Enhanced version with autoplacement, more symbol libraries, and up to 16 layers, $649. CAM file outputs. Mental Automation, Inc. 5415 136th Place, SE-Bellevue WA98006 (206) 641-2141 FAX (206) 649-0767 BBS (206) 641-2846 Inquiry 655. CAD/CAM CONTOURING MOTION CONTROL FROM A PRINTER PORT! eo Q Indexer LPT™ software $£4;7 NEW VERSION 3 visa/mc • Controls up to six step motors simultaneously. • Linear and Circular Interpolation. • New features to accommodate machine control, • Easy-to-use DOS device driver. Super Manual. • CAD-CAM interface available. .,,.., ^ , Corporation, 1422 Arnold Ave, ADiiity by stems Rosiyn. pa 19001 (215) 557-4338 FAX: (215) 657-7815 One-Step conversion of optical templates to NC! Extremely simple & powerful this FasfCOPY® DOS software is packaged with a 42"x60" GTCO Super Lll digitizer & 16 button cursor for $4,995 Call Fast CAM at: (970) 667-5059 or FAX: (970) 667-1990 Ft. Collins, Colorado, U.S.A. Inquiry 657. CD-ROM We Buy, Sell & Trade CD-ROMS & MEMORY CHIPS Resellers Wanted Call or write for a free product update Consolidated CDROM, Inc. 51 5 67th Ave Philadelphia PA 19126 USA +1 -21 5-276-3657 / +1 -21 5-276-3854 fax 1-800-8-CDROMS Inquiry 658. INTERNET on CDROM! GAMES for DAZE 2CD Set $30 X2FTP Archive, hundreds of games & demos! WORLD WIDE WEB Catalog on CD-ROM $30 See the Web without being on-line! LINUX Developers Resource 4 CD Set $25 Complete OS, Source Code Slackware & more! MOO-TIFF CD-ROM $99 Complete development sys, 100% OSF/Motif INTERNET Tools CD-ROM $30 Networking tools & utilities tor DOS & UNIX BSDisc (NetBSD & FreeBSD) .$35 Ready to use formats with install scripts USENET 2 CD Set $25 comp.sources & alt. sources + many FAQ's trom other groups SOURCE CODE CD-ROM $30 4.4 BSD-Lite, XIIR6, MACH, Andrew Windowing PERL & TCL/TK CD-ROM $35 Utility lang + command lang & toolkit forX-Windows STANDARDS 2 CD Set $30 RFC's, lEN's, CCITT7ITU Bluebook. Windows Sockets mc,visa&amex 1-800-800-6613 tel: +1-520-526-9565 InfoMagic fax:+1-520-526-9573 P.O. Box 30370, Flagstaff, AZ 86003-0370 info® inf omagic.com Inquiry 659. FREE CD-ROM FREE CD-ROM with 600 MB from these PHT CDs: Visual Programming* $29.95 VisualBasic, C++ code, utils Internet PowerWEB 4 $29.95 HTML tools, docs, samples (+book) NTIA* $29.95 Windows NT apps. utils. docs WIA' $29.95 Great Windows apps, utils, docs Arcade Games* $29.95 Best DOS, Win games (+book) Blowfish OS/2 * $29.95 Recent OS/2 apps, utils. docs Info-Mac* $49.95 Stanford University's Mac archive UMich* $29.95 Univ. of Michigan's Mac archive PIA* $29.95 Latest PowerMac apps, demos MacSource* $29.95 Mac code, utils, tools from Internet HyperStacks* $29.95 1000 HyperCard stacks Linux Developers Kit* $19.95 Latest Stackware, arc, docs Linux RunTime* $19.95 Ready-to-run Linuxapps Linux Install Guide $12.95 215 page book by Matt Welsh X11R6 $29.95 X11 windowing system, src MPEGIA* S29.95 Cool MPEG movies, utils Space View S29.95 650 MB Images, docs on solar system Jupter Impact $29.95 S-L9 Comet collision: Images, docs Font Asia TextPro $29.95 Fonts, utils for Asian Igs (+book) ClipArt Palette $29.95 1 800 pieces great clipart (+book) PHT Illustrations $39.95 100 color Illustrations for DTP Paper CD Series $39.95 Paper background images for DTP Bosworth Photos $39.95 Royalty-free photos by N. Bosworth 1-800-765-8369 T-Shirt offer, too! PACIFIC HI-TECH http:/www.pht.com/ orders@pht.com / tel 801-261-1024 /fax 801-261-0310 $5 US $9 Int'l S/H applies to free CD and all orders "Shareware programs require separate payment to authors il found useful CD ROM TOWERS & JUKEBOX SERVERS FOR ALL OPERATING SYSTEMS! No Device Drivers/ MSCDEX needed, Complete Kit Networks CD Roms, unlimited user license, DISCPORT. "JES, NONE BETTER AT ANY PRICE" Call NOW: 1 (800) 482-1866 305-597-3980 Inquiry 661. New and Updated CDROM Titles Cica MS Windows CDROM, Thsnds of Windows prgrms.. $29.95 Giga Games CDROM, Games for DOS/Windows $39.95 Space and Astronomy, Thsnds NASA images/data $39.95 C User Group Library, C source code Dec 93 $49.95 Simtel MSDDS CDROM, DOS Shareware/Freeware $29.95 QRZ Ham Radio CDROM, FCC Callsign Db & Shrwar $29.95 Hobbes0S/2 CDROM, OS/2 Shareware/Freeware $29.95 Source Code CDROM, 650 Mb source, DOS/Unix $39.95 Gutenberg Project, Literature and docs $39.95 LinuxOperatingSys, 386/486 OS, X11, full src $49.95 FreeBSD Operating Sys, Ver 1.0, krnl src, X/GNU S39.95 Libris Britannia, MSD0S Tech/Sci/Engineer $69.95 X11R5/Gnu CDROM, Full src, SPARC binaries $39.95 Nebula lor NeXTSTEP, Prgms for Intel NeXTSTEP $59.95 Ada Programming CDROM, Compilers, source, docs $39.95 Aminet CDROM, Amiga Shareware/Freeware $29.95 CDROM Caddies, Lifetime Guarantee $4.95 Top quality CDROMs. 100% satisfied or full refund. WALNUT CREEK CDROM 4041 Pike Lane, SteD-212, Concord, CA 94520 1-800-786-9907 Visa/MC AMEx, Fax: 1-510-674-0821 Inquiry 662. COMMUNICATIONS Frame Relay, X.25, B5C, HDLC, 5DLC Use our rock solid, compliant, inexpensive and robust synchronous products for your PC project. On board protocol support reduces PC overhead. • Support for MS-DOS, Windows, Unix, OS/2, Netware and others. • CCITT and ISO compliant X.25, HDLC. • Frame Relay blanket certified for any application. • Test and datascope programs for easy debugging. Sangoma Technologies Inc. Tel 1-800-388-2475 905-474-1990 Fax 905-474-9223 E-Mail: dm@sangoma.com COMPUTER BOOKS COMPUTER BOOKS ONLINE Easy online search & order at our CompuServe, Internet, & NIFTYServe stores. Books from 300 publishers for computing professionals & users. GO CBK, www.compubooks.com/books.html, or ftp info.txt from ftp.compbooks.com. Worldwide shipping. E-mail to info@compubooks.com for info. Compubooks RR1F3ox271D 512-321-9652 Cedar Creek TX 78612 USA Fax 51 2-321 -4525 Order line 800-880-6818 COMPUTER INSURANCE INSURES YOUR COMPUTER SAFEWARE Computerowner's coverage provides replacement of hardware, media and purchased software. As little as $49 a year covers accidents, theft, power surges and more. One call does it all. 1-800-800-1492 SAFEWARE, The Insurance Agency Inc. PO Box0221 1, 2929 N. High St., Columbus, OH 43202 Now available In Ontario!!! Inquiry 656. 320 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 Inquiry 660. Inquiry 663. COMPUTER MEMORY DATA/DISK CONVERSION FOREIGN LANGUAGES WE'LL PAY YOU FOR YOUR OLD MEMORY Simms, Dips, Laser Printer, 1 Megx9, 4 Megx9, DRam Chips — ANY MEMORY — All Memory Has Value! Don't let your old memory collect dust Call or fax what you have available 1-800-718-7755 THE MEMORY LIQUIDATORS "The company that buys memory back" 531 Main St., Ste. 1174, El Segundo, CA 90245-3060 Ph. 31 0-676-3074 Fax 31 0-676-3076 WE WROTE THE BOOK! Deal direct with the company who developed the systems that most others use... SHAFFSTALL! Tape/Diskette Transfer/Conversion/Duplication. PC/Mini/ Mainframe/Workstation Tape Transfer. WP to WP Document Conversion Services. 1-800-357-6250 w*^?? Shaffstall Corporation (Fax) 317-842-8294 OVER 150 LANGUAGES Translation, Language Learning Tutorials, Fonts, Dictionaries and Language Systems for DOS, Mac and Windows. Japanese, Chinese, Spanish speaking staff. Call us first for best prices and expert support. Character Language Resources 2130 Sawtelk Blvd. 304A, Los Angeles, CA 90025 800-569-2099 FAX 310-996-2303 Inquiry 667. Inquiry 671. COMPUTER TELEPHONY EDUCATION FORMS DESIGN & PRINTING Write your own Telephony Applications Create advanced, multi-line voice/fax systems with VOS, our multi-platform development language, or VoiceBocx, our Visual Basic VBX. You can build any Computer Telephony application imaginable: Voice Mail, Fax-on-Demand, International Call-Back, Audiotex, Call Centers and many others. Calf for free booklet Get into Call Processing with Parity Software Parity Software US: 415-989-0330 Fax:415-989-0330 Europe: +45-3940.8803 Fax:+45-39.40.78.03 B.S. & M.S. In COMPUTER SCIENCE The American Institute For Computer Sciences offers an in- depth home study program to earn your Bachelor of Science at home. B.S. subjects covered are: MS/DOS, BASIC, PASCAL, C, C++, Data File Processing, Data Structures & Operating Systems. M.S. program includes subjects in Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence. Ada and Using Windows courses also available. Accredited Member: World Association of Universities and Colleges, AMERICAN INST, for COMPUTER SCIENCES 2101-BY Magnolia Ave. , Suite 200, Birmingham, AL 35205 1-800-767-2427 • 1-205-323-6191 PCL FORMS OVERLAY MACROS... Forms Electric is the forms overlay solution for LaserJet & compatible printers. Use your preferred Windows applications to create PCL forms overlay macros for merging with Windows, DOS, UNIX and AS/400 applications. Windows 95 supported. ...From US $95.00 / UK £59.95 Visual Software Telephone & Fax: +44 1306 742 425 CIS: 100023, 1167 E-mail: geddes@atlas.co.uk Inquiry 672. DATA RECOVERY We Can Save It! All Platforms - All Storage Devices Proprietary techniques so advanced we rescue data others simply abandon. DriveSavers Restoring data since 1985 1-800-440-1904 415-883-4232 Inquiry 664. electronic dictionaries BILINGUAL DICTIONARIES FOR DOS & WINDOWS French, German, Spanish & Italian AMEX, Access, Visa, MasterCard, EuroCard, VISA HarperCollins Electronic Reference Tel +44 (0)1903 873 555 Fax +44 (0)1903 873 633 E-mail 100317. l372@compuserve.com Inquiry 668. FORTRAN LS FORTRAN for Power Macintosh • ANSI standard FORTRAN 77 compiler • Built-in diagnostics and source level debugging • Mainframe extensions (VAX, Data General, Cray) • Optimized code generation for any Macintosh • Up to 29 mflops (SLinpack) Language Systems Corporation (800) 252-6479 1 00 Carpenter Dr. (703) 689-9593 Fax Sterling, VA 20164 Inquiry 673. T he Leader in Data Recove ry • Expertise in virtually every operating system & media storage device. • 24-Hour support & emergency services available. • Call for a FREE consultation! ONTRACK DATA RECOVERY MN: 1-800-872-2599 • CA: 1-800-752-7557 DC: 1-800-650-2410 -Europe: +44 (0)181 974 5522 Inquiry 665. FLOPPY DISKETTE 3.5" FLOPPY DISK RELIABLE & DURABLE We are a manufacturer licensed by Sony Corporation. Our disks are all 100% Tested and Certified Error Free with guaranteed Clipping Level. Available products: 2HD, 2DD, video tape. CO jewelry box. Our own brand MEGA, OEM or bulk pack are also available. 1 Duplicators & wholesalers are welcome. YHC Cassette Ind. Ltd. INMARK IND. LTD. 75 Saintsbury Square 1A Man Foong Industrial Bldg. Scarborough, Ont. 7 Cheung Lee Street, M1V 3K1 Canada Chai Wan, Hong Kong Tel: (416)321-1179 Tel: (8522)5582203 Fax: (41 6) 321 -8451 Fax: (8522) 8973700 Inquiry 669. HARDWARE Pre-Owned Electronics, Inc™ THE Independent Provider, serving the Dealer, Professional, Corporate, Government, and Educational Buyer since 1985. APPLE II* & MACINTOSH® SYSTEMS • PARTS • EXCHANGE REPAIRS Call for a Catalog 800-274-5343 INT'L: 617-275-4600 • FAX: 617-275-4848 205 BURLINGTON ROAD » BEDFORD, MA 01730 Inquiry 674. DATA/DISK CONVERSION FLOW CHARTS THE#1 CHOICE in disk & tape conversion for many leading corporations, government agencies, law firms, and companies in every industry-world-wide. Free test • Satisfaction guaranteed Graphics Unlimited Inc. 3000 SecondSt. North, Minneapolis, MN 55411 (612) 588-7571 FAX: (612) 588-8783 1-800-745-7571 Inquiry 666. COBOL STRUCTURE CHARTS The new PowerStructure for Windows generates incredible structure charts DIRECTLY from your COBOL source - STRUCTURED or NOT! Forget manual flowcharting. PowerStructure will diagram your spaghetti code, do it in seconds, and free programmers for more important work. Now just $149. CyberMetrics 5541 S. Marine Drive., Tempe, AZ 85283 (602) 838-3310 Inquiry 670. HEWLETT-PACKARD Buy - Sell - Trade LaserJet ColorPro DeskJet DraftPro RuggedWriter DraftMaster Electrostatic Plotters DesignJet HP 9000 Workstations and Vectras also available. Ted Dasher & Associates 4117 Second Ave., S. Birmingham, AL 35222 Phone: (205) 591-4747 Fax: (205) 591-1108 (800) 638-4833 E-mail : sales@dasher.com Inquiry 675. LANS CONVERSION SERVICES Convert any 9-track magnetic tape to or from over 6000 formats including 3W\ 5X", 8" disk formats & word processors. Disk-to-disk con- versions also available. Introducing CD-ROM conversions. Call for more info. Pivar Computing Services, Inc. 165 Arlington Hgts. Rd., Dept. #B, Buffalo Grove, IL 60089 (800) Convert (708) 459-6010 WINDOWS FLOWCHARTER $129 RFFlow 3.0 is a professional drawing tool for flowcharts & org. charts. Requires Microsoft Win- dows; 500 shapes auto adjust in size; diagonal lines and curves; auto line routing and re-routing; OLE server; click on a shape to bring up a sub-chart; import/export bitmaps and metafiles; Call for free trial disk. RFF ELECTRONICS 1053 Banyan Court, Loveland, CO 80538 Phone: (970) 663-5767 FAX: (970) 669-4889 Little Big LAN The most flexible network Peer to Peer LAN to 250 nodes $75 total software cost, not per node! Link via serial, parallel, or Modems Also via Ethernet or Arcnet, or mix! Typically only 40k of RAM Information Modes 817-387-3339/ P.O. Drawer F, Denton TX 76202 Fax 8 1 7-382-7407 Orders 800-628-7992 Inquiry 676. SEPTEMBER 1 995 BYXK 321 THE BUYER'S MART LASER CHECKS SECURITY SOFTWARE/ENGINEERING LASER CHECKS PERSONALIZED WITH YOUR NAME AND LOGO IN SAFETY BACKGROUND CALL (714) 773-5811 OR TOLL FREE 1-800-252-6427 Fax 1-800-439-0158 FOR SAMPLE (ETC.) MAGNETIC ENCODING: MICR-COMP, Inc. 689 S. State College Blvd., Suite A Fullerton, CA 92631 Inquiry 677. MANUFACTURING SOFTWARE Manufacturing Software E-Z-MRP™ is complete material requirements planning software for the PC. Includes bill of materials, material planning make/buy calculation, capacity planning, purchase orders, labor distribution, job costing, physical inventory, AutoCAD interface, and more. The best entry-level manufacturing solution. Complete for $2,995. Special Lite version for $995, Call for information. Alliance SEES"* 9 1-800-490-2520 CRYPKEY SOFTWARE LICENSING SYSTEM "Software Copy Protection with NO Hardware Key and NO Disk Key' CrypKey is software copy protection that is • completely secure from any disk copy program • completely compatible wtih MSD0S, MS WINDOWS, WIN 95, WIN NT • completely compatible with CD-ROM, BBS, or Internet distribution! « customer friendly - no disk key, no hardware key, less support calls CrypKey can increase your soltware sales by allowing you to sell your program • by increments - sell add-on software options or levels to your customers • by number of runs - e.g. sell 100 calculations for $100.00 • by time period - e.g. lease or demo your program for 60 days CrypKey uses a numeric key that can be transmitted by phone, fax, or email. Sell your customers more options, more copies, more time or more runs instantly, just by making a telephone call (great lor overseas customers or distributors). CrypKey is produced by Kenonic Controls Ltd. - engineering and software since 1972. Kenonic Controls Limited 7175-12th Street South East Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2H2S6 (403) 258-6200 • fax: (403} 258-6201 INTERHET: crypkey@ken8nic.com Circuit Simulation New LOW COST SPICE Tools Introducing ICAP/4Li1e Affordable SPICE Experience Analog and Mixed signal simulation like you 've never seen before "Just like being at the Bench. " includes: • New lsSpice4; Real Time Interactive Display • UNLIMITED Circuit Size! • Integrated Schematic Editor • Model Libraries, more than 5QQ Parts • Windows, Windows NT Full SPICE programs starting at $95. Complete systems with schematic entry, IsSpice4, models, and waveform graphics only $595. Call or Fax for your Free Demo kit P.O. Box 710, San Pedro, Ca 90733-0710 Tel (310) 833-0710 • - -^£* FAX (310) 833-9658 MllTUSOTT Inquiry 682. Inquiry 685. PC DATA SECURITY Secure Your Data Today more and more sensitive information is being stored on computer. PCs are notoriously insecure. Laptops are continually being lost or stolen. DEADLOCK is a software-only data protection system for IBM compatible PCs which, when installed, creates a separate lockable data storage area on your hard disk. This area is accessed like any normal drive and all information stored in it is automatically encrypted. Only £99 + VAT ($149). Security Intelligence Collier House, 163-169 Brompton Road, London, SW3 1PY England +44 171 5894567 (Tel), +44 171 584 4824 (Fax). Cop's CopyLock II Professional software protection with TRUE Machine Install. Option Board safe. DOS, OS2, Networks, Windows, Trace 3000. DialCOPS Access Control for mass distribution via CD-ROM or Internet. Known and used world-wide since 1984. LINK Data Security Int'l: + 45 3123-2350 Fax: + 45 3123-8448 FIT DATA EFFORTLESSLY! Magestic™ - Outstanding, flexible fitting from within MS Excel. Handles large models, multiple functions simultaneously, arbitrary numbers of parameters, numerical or user-supplied derivatives, automatic sequences. Plus Monte Carlo global minimization, DLL interface for huge/complex models. $295 Logix Con. Inc. 1-800-900-5541 Check us on the web: http://www.lgx.com Inquiry 678. Inquiry 686. PROGRAMMERS TOOLS The Fastest xBASE Engine CodeBase provides C, C++, Visual Basic and Delphi programmers with the fastest xBASE compatible database engine. Get multi-user compatibility with FoxPro, Clipper and dBASE files. And it's portable from DOS to Windows to UNIX! FREE 30 day trial cdiSequiter Software Inc. for details! Phone 403-437-241 FAX 403-436-2999 KEY-LOK™ SECURITY Piracy survival 1 1 years proves effectiveness of powerful multilayered security. Algorithmic response. Programmable memory. Econom- ical. Transparent to PARALLEL/SERIAL port, Counters/Real-Time-Clock. Multi-product/ feature licensing. DOS/NT/UNIX/OS2. Access control systems and disk drive locks. MICROCOMPUTER APPLICATIONS 3167 E. Otero Circle, Littleton, CO 80122 1-800-4KEYLOK (303) 770-1917 FAX: (303) 770-1863 Inquiry 679. Inquiry 683. EXPERIMENTAL DATA FflTING SCIENTIST™ is the leader in experimental data fitting. Fit combinations of user-defined algebraic and differential equations or Laplace transforms - also splines and interpolating functions. Includes 3D plotting and a scientific worksheet. Requires Windows. $395. Model libraries also available. MicroMath Scientific Software 1 -800-942-6284 Fax: (801) 943-0299 Inquiry 687. SECURITY SOFTWARE PACKAGING SOFTWARE/GRAPHICS leaders in Software Security EVERLOCK and EVERKEY II copy protection. Features include - Encryption, Serialization, Remotely resettable access flags, date limits, execution counts and network user limits - and much more! Free demo available. Call today and ask about our low cost Trial Kits! Az-Tech Software, Inc. 201 East Franklin St., Richmond, MO 64085-1883 (800)227-0644 (816)776-2700 FAX (816) 776-8398 Inquiry 680. THE ULTIMATE SOFTWARE SECURITY • STOPCOPY family - UNCOPIABLE copy protection • STOPVIEW software encryption • NETLIMIT network license metering • DOS, Windows, Macintosh, OS/2, support • No source code changes required - for ANY of our prod- ucts in ANY environment • Our products destroy ALL of our competition • Call for FREE demo disk, or to discuss our products' MANY options BBI Computer Systems, Inc. 14105 Heritage Lane, Silver Spring, MD 20906 800/TRY-ABBI • 8DD/879-2224 • 301/871-1094 • FAX:301/460-7545 Inquiry 681. 322 BYXE SEPTEMBER 1995 FREE SOFTWARE PACKAGING CATALOG Eveiything you will need to Package, Distribute, and Ship Your Software!! From manuals and binders to mailers and shippers LABELS • LABELS • LABELS Foryour diskettes, plain or custom printed dot matrix or laser printer. . . free samples •••FREE CATALOG* •• Hice & Associates 8586 Monticello Dr., WestChester. OH 45069 Phone/Fax: 513-779-7977 Inquiry 684. SOFTWARE/BUSINESS DATA ENTRY SOFTWARE Full featured, heads-down data entry with two-pass verification, edit language, operatorstats, batch control, on-line help, output record reformat, free tech support. For the PC, PC LAN, S/36, AS/400. FREE 30 day trial Computer Keyes Tel: 206-776-6443 21929 Makah Rd„ Fax: 206-776-7210 Woodway,WA98020 USA: 800-356-0203 New Version! AccuSoft Image Format Library 5.0 Programmers: Add support for 36 raster file formats instantly! TIFF, JPEG, PCX, TARGA, DIB, DCX, GIF, BMP, WMF, PICT, WPG, EPS, Group 3, Group 4 New Formats: Photo CD, PhotoShop, ASCII, KoFax, RLE, LaserData, CALS, ATT, CLP, XWD, IMG, IFF, SUN. XBM, ICO, IOCA, CX2, XPM, CUT, Brooktrout, MAC, MSP. Guaranteed to read all raster images in existence in the fisted formats! * Import, export, scanning, conversion, compression * Printing, display, image processing * Supports all languages * Fax formats and multi-page images * Rotate, zoom, scale, color reduction * Thumbnails, sharpen, special-effects * Windows, NT, WinPro Gold 32, VBX. VBX32 * Watcom, OS/2, MAC, UNIX, Clipper, FoxPro AccuSoft Corp. Call 800-525-3577 Two Westborough Business Park Westborough, MA 01581 USA TEL (508) 898-2770 FAX (508) 898-9662 Inquiry 688. SOFTWARE/ENGINEERING SOFTWARE/SCIENTIFIC WINDOWS SAUNA: 3D THERMAL ANALYSIS • Models: PCBs, stacked plates, heatsinks, multiboard enclosures. • All heat transfer modes: convection, radiation, conduction • Interactive menu-driven • Thermal parameters library • Fast "What if": dimension, mat'l, finish, analyses • Easy to learn & use • IBM PC & Macintosh II Call or FAX for free evaluation program Tatum Labs, Inc. 1287 N. Silo Ridge Drive, Ann Arbor, Ml 48108 313-663-881 FAX 31 3-663-3640 Inquiry 689. SOFTWARE/GRAPHICS Autodesk's DWG OEM ♦ Programmers' Toolkit to Read/Write AutoCAD DWG & DXF Files. ♦ Object oriented, modular, database-like access to CAD data. ♦ View, Print, Plot and Pick Modules. ♦ Available for C/C++ for DOS, X-DOS, Windows, Sun, and other Unix systems. Autodesk OEM Sales 1301 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, C A 94501 Phone: (510) 337-7203 Fax: (510) 523-2880 Inquiry 690. DbCAD dev 1 .3 DLLs Create, select, edit, import (DXF, DWG), all the AutoCAD 2D vector entities, in a graphics database (DBF). Display raster images (RLC, RLE, BMP) on which you can overlay vector drawings (DWG, WMF, graphic DBF). Manage a graphic window (pan, zoom, overview, pick). Print by using Windows driver and fonts. Channel inc. U.S.A. +617-863-0068 Inquiry 691. CAD Developers Kit TG-CAD Professional 5.5, a 'C* Win/DOS SDK. Read/WriteA/iew PCX/GIF files & DXF to R12. Create fonts & text. Ray Tracing & Shading. Hundreds of 2D & 3D routines. Comes as DOS Lib., Win Lib. & Win DLL. Source available. Free Technical White Paper available. Call or write today. Disk Software, Inc., Box 941152 Piano, TX USA 75094-1 152 800-635-7760, Fax 214-423-7288 Inquiry 692. "LEADTOOL5 does image manipulation and does it right!" byte M a9 «me, 2/95 Discover what Kodak, Corel, Delrina and over 2500 developers, publishers and OEMs already know: LEAD offers the fastest and most complete image com- pression and manipulation SDK on the market. Three Toolkits In One! Introducing LEADT00LS version 5, offering three toolkits for the price of one: 1) image format support, conversion and compression, 2) image processing and, 3) all NEW BIT0NAL toolkit. Includes royalty-free runtime, virtual memory management for unlimited image size, free technical support, online help, sample programswith source code, over 40 image processing functions, and CMP, the virtually lossless image compression format. Call today for FREE imaging application built with LEADTOOLS 5! 800-637-1835 LEAD TECHNOLOGIES INCORPORATED 900 Baxter Street • Charlolle, NC 28204 - 704-332-5532 Fax: 704-372-8161 Inquiry 693. VT E X Scientific Desktop Publishing • Scalable Fonts • Font effects • Typeface customization • Equations • Tables • Graphics • Foreign languages • Multi-lingual spell & hyphenation • IDE • On-line help • Dos, Dos-32 and Windows versions • From $199 "T^X of Tomorrow'-Notices ofAMS, March 1991 Call now for a FREE DEMO DISK MicroPress, Inc. 68-30 Harrow Street, Forest Hills, NY 11375 Tel (718) 575-1 816 Fax (718) 575-8038 Inquiry 694. SOFTWARE/VOICE/FAX Computer Telephony 'C Libraries Multi-Voice V4.0 and Multi-Fax V2.0 Toolkits give you the most powerful solution to integrate telephony to your 'C applications. Unique design based on multi-tasking; DOS Extender; Supports most major voice and fax boards; Commented source code; Royalty free; Best value. Also available: Windows based application generator. ITI SOFTWARE Tel: 514-835-3124 Fax: 514-835-4772 BBS: 514-835-5945 Fax-On-Demand: 514-835-2216, E-mail: ggagnon@cam.org Check our home page: http://www.cam.org/~ggagnon UNIX FOR PCS LINUX RELEASE 1.1 32 bit Unix compatible S for 386, 486, 586's Includes C, C++, Obj, C, Pascal, Smalltalk, Pcrl.Xl 1 Il6, TCP/IP, UUCP, PPP, Slip, NFS, VI, cmacs, Opcnluok, plus much more. Supports: SCSI, IDE, ESDI. MFM, VGA, S3. CGA, CD Rom, SoundBlaster, full man pages, 600 pg. manual included. "Full Internet support" $5995 on CD-ROM, $69.95 on disks, Dr. Linus Hook $i995 Linux Systems Labs, 49884 Miller Ct Chesterfield. Ml 48047 (800) 954-2938, (810) 716-1700, fax (810) 716-1703 Inquiry 695. VAX TO PC TRANSLATION Vax Basic to Visual Basic Multiple passes of your code plus over 300 tests on every Vax line. Up to 100% translation, Step by step example. RMS solution. Model for forms building. Vax $1500-3000 plus per PC license. Mikado Computing Ltd. 309 Regent St., London W1 R 8AL, UK •Call+44 171 323 5423 (24hrs messaging) •Fax +44 171 911 5104 • e-mail 1 001 1 4. 1 1 1 ©Compuserve.com Inquiry 696. WEATHER SATELLITES Weather reception with Laptop or PC using PCMCIA satellite decoder and software View cloud formations, watch storms develop, measure sea surface temperatures and plot course using range/bearing tools from NOAA polar orbiting weather satellite images captured live on your laptop computer! G.P.S. interface. Also captures geostationary satellites and HF Marine Fax. Portable system used by mariners, aviators, computer hobbyists and professionals. Complete systems available including: PCMCIA type II card/software and VHF receiver/antenna. OFS WeatherFAX, 6404 Lakerest Court, Raleigh, NC 27612 Phone/fax: (919) 847-4545, EMail: jdahl@cybernetics.net WINDOWS 'FREE INTERNET 217-322-11H Full Access 14.4K 8/N/1 All Nodes Service is FREE *You Pay L.D. Charge Voice Help 1-217-322-1212 Inquiry 697. THE ULTIMATE BBS FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE FREE Latest Windows and DOS Utils, Pgms, Source Code, Lively CHAT, online games, Internet Access and more and all FREE. Call from home or office up to 14.4K and download for FREE, (n/8/1) 217-792-3663 Customer Seivice 415-281 -4429 Inquiry 698. There Are 275,000 Good Reasons to Advertise in the BYTE Deck! The BYTE Deck mails to a select group of 275,000 BYTE subscribers who are proven direct market buyers. In fact, BYTE subscriber surveys show that many readers prefer to buy through the mail order/direct channel: Direct Channel Preference for Purchases of: Software 69% Computer Systems 63% Periphe rals 62% Networking 45% Source: 1994 Subscriber Study The average BYTE reader influences the purchase decisions of 107 others, works in a company with more than 1,000 employees, and influences more computer product purchases than any other person in his/her organization. The BYTE readership provides quality leads. Why settle for anything less? Call Brian Higgins today at (603) 924-2596 or fax your order to (603) 924-2683. The BYTE Reader: Simply the Best nnisKa SEPTEMBER 1995 BYXK 323 ADVERTISER CONTACT INFORMATION To order products or request FREE information, call advertisers directly or send in the response card by mail or fax! Let them know you saw it in BYTE! Inquiry No. Page No. Phone No. Inquiry No. Page No. Phone No. Inqulry No. Page No. Phone No. A DATA ACCESS CORP 192 800-451-3539 179-180 KUREO TECHNOLOGY INC 318 604-433-7715 194-195 ACI 316 800-983-1177 * DATA COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) 225 L LA TRADE LAHEY COMPUTER SYSTEMS LANNET DATA COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) LAWSON LABS INC 132 176-177 ACTION ADVANCED IMAGE COMMUNICATIONS 308 313 +886-3-4520697" 510-947-1000 291 220-221 DATALUXCORP DATAPRODUCTS DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) 169 153 cm 800-DATALUX 818-887-8000 800-247-5508 310-311 143 565-566 144 170 318 800-433-3726 800-548-4778 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES (N.A.) 106-107 800-222-9323 • DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) CIV 72-73 800-247-2304 800-247-5513 227 312 +972-3-645-8458 800-444-5355 264-265 303-304 AERONICS INC AGE LOGIC 141 174 512-258-8040 619-755-1000 • DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) 32NA3 32NA5 800-247-5519 800-247-5524 549-550 520 LOCUS COMPUTING (INT'L) LOGIC PROGRAMMING ASSOC 69 32IS22 loat(3\d<Jotus.oom 800-949-7567 214-215 ALADDIN KNOWLEDGE SYS (INT'L) 50-52 212-564-5678 ' DELL COMPUTER CORP (NA.F1000) CHI 800-283-1410 551-552 LUNAR ENERGY CO 32IS24 817-387-MOON 214-215 ALADDIN KNOWLEDGE SYS (U.S. 50-52 800-223-4277 ' DELLCOMPUTERCORP(N.A.F1000) CIV 800-247-6821 210 LYBEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 309 800-493-5777 102 ALLMICRO 218 800-653-4933 340 DELRINA WIN FAX PRO 78 800-268-6082 284 ALTEX ELECTRONICS 188 800-531-5369 222-223 DELTEC/NSSI 158 800-335-8321 M 136 AMERICAN ADVANTECH 312 800-800-6889 316 DESIGNER CHECKS 193 800-239-4087 314 MACON 187 +49-7254-983-290" • AMERICAN POWER 355-356 DIALOGIC / STYLUS (INT'L) 210 +(32)2 725 08 90 536 MANNESMANN TALLY 32IS21 +44(0)1734 788711 CONVERSION 6A-B 401-788-2797" 353-354 DIALOGIC /STYLUS (N.A.) 210 617-621-9545 281 MARX INTERNATIONAL 162 800-MARX-INT 344 AMERICAN POWER CONVERSION AMERICAN SMALL BUSINESS COMPUTERS 8-9 800-800-4APC deptA2 800-233-3223 65-66 DIGI INTERNATIONAL 207 800-551-4797 278-279 MAXTECH CORP (N.A.) 103 201-579-3630 285-286 178 560-561 540-541 DIGICOM (INT'L) DISTINCT CORP 62-63 32IS 16 +886 2 917 9099" 408-366-8933 . MCGRAW HILL NRI (N.A.) 214A-B MCGRAW-HILL COMPANIES (INT'L) 106 205 ANALOG WAY 315 +33-1 -60-11 -17-64" 67 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING TECH 257 407-830-5522 282 MDI SYSTEMS LTD 90 +44(0)1368850678 133-134 ANGLE TECHNOLOGY INC 303 800-858-2173 E 107 MEGAHERTZ CORP (N.A.) 32NA1 800-LINKING 202 ANTEC ANTHROCORP APPLE COMPUTER INC 314 208 111 510-770-1200 ext 313 800-325-3841 www.apple.com 526-527 528-529 162 567-568 ECEL (INT'L) ECEL (INT'L) EDUCALC ELEKTROSON BV (INT'L) 103 105 314 217 +886-2-772-3407" +886-2-772-3407" 800-713-6525 +31-40-51-50-65 554 301 302 MESSE MUENCHEN GMBH (SYSTEMS 95) MICRO 2000 MICRO 2000 321S 23 190 191 ext4316 +49-89-5107-506 800-864-8008 800-864-8008 APPLE COMPUTER INC 113 www.apple.com 508-509 ELIASHIM MICROCOMPUTERS 32IS4 +972-4-516111 294-295 MICRO SOLUTIONS COMP PROD 179 800-295-1214 APPLE COMPUTER INC (U.S.) 32A-H www.apple.com 174-175 ELMA ELECTRONIC 313 510-656-3400 227-228 MICROGRAFX 161 800-877-3040 135 ASHTEK INC 295 800-801-9400 557-558 ELPROMA ELECTRONICA BV 32IS18 +31-3438-12286 305 MICRO-INTERNATIONAL INC 175 800-967-5667 271 534-535 AT&T GLOBAL INFO SOLUTIONS (N.A.) AXIS COMMUNICATIONS (INT1) 56-57 127 800-447-1124 ext 1117 +46 46 140500 317 538-539 545-546 EMATEKGMBH ERGOTRON EUROPE EUROSOFT TECHNOLOGY 189 32IS 13 321S 19 +49 221 529666 +31 20 696.60.65 +44 1635 582 660 98 341-342 MICRON COMPUTER MICROPOLIS CORP (NAM) MICROSOFT CORP CM,1 164 2-3 208-465-3434 800-395-3748 800-871-3271 B 510 EUTRON 32IS 20 +39 35 201003 ext AV3 312 BADGER COMPUTER 197 800-3-BADGER 68-69 EXABYTE CORP 19 800-EXABYTE * MICROSOFT CORP 12-13 800-871-3271 111 BBN SOFTWARE 225 800-331-2266 F FASTHARDLOCK FINSON FIRST INTERNATIONAL COMP FIRST SOURCE INT'L FRAME TECHNOLOGY (N.A.) extAV3 531-532 96-97 216-217 216-217 PRODUCTS (N.A.) BEAME & WHITESIDE S/W BEAME & WHITESIDE S/W BEAME & WHITESIDE S/W (N.A.) BELL & HOWELL INC (INT'L) BELL & HOWELL INC (N.A.) 32IS6 32IS7 227 130 130 extt30 919-831-8989 919-831-8989 800-216-8450 708-675-7600 800-SCAN-494 511-512 105 525 124-125 224 32IS9 237 32IS2 294 105 +49-89-539800-20 +39-2-6698-7036 +886-2-718-2782" 714-448-7750 800-U4FRAME ext 640 193 232-233 325 76 MICROSTAR LABORATORIES MICROWAY MICRO / SYS MINUTEMAN MIPS DATALINE AMERICA INC MKS / MORTICE KERN SYSTEMS 313 204 315 104 193 148 206-453-2345 508-746-7341 818-244-4600 214-446-7363 800-898-8560 519-884-2251 450 BIX 329 800-695-4775 70-71 FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES 278 800-929-3054 229 MOTOROLA 115 800-894-7353 501-502 BOCA RESEARCH INC (INT'L) 120 407-997-6227 • FUTURE MICRO INC 306 714-622-9137 * MOTOROLA 134-135 185-186 BOXLIGHT CORP 316 800-762-5757 181 FUZIWARE INC 318 800-472-6183 MOTOROLA 136-137 331-332 BUROBOTICS 172 +41-22-779-1504" 116-117 MRT (INT'L) 241 +47-638-92020 • BUSINESS WEEK (INT'L) 277 G 116-117 MRT(U.S.) 241 603-465-2830 • BYTE BACK ISSUES (INT'L) 209 138 GAGE APPLIED SCIENCES INC 312 514-337-6893 296 MUSTANG SOFTWARE 186 800-663-7509 • BYTE EDITORIAL SURVEY 282 292-293 GALACTICOMMINC 177 305-583-5990 N • BYTE EURODECK (INT'L) 107 GATEWAY 2000 88-89 800-846-2058 i BYTE MOBILE OFFICE 206-207 GLOBETEK 309 800-229-4640 230-231 NANAO USA CORP (N.A.) 81 310-325-5202 SWEEPSTAKES (U.S.) 283 160-161 GRANITE DIGITAL 313 510-471-6442 145 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 318 512-794-0100 * BYTE NETWORKING ON DISK 242 513 GREY MATTER LTD (INT'L) 71 +44-(0)1364-53071 521-522 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 32IS 10 512-794-0100 63 BYTE ON CD ROM 232 603-924-2625 H * NETWORLD+INTEROP95 BYTE READER 262 603-924-9281 ATLANTA GA 285 800-488-2883 ■ BYTE REPRINTS BYTE SUB MESSAGE 283 278 603-924-2525 170 HALL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGIES INC 309 600-9596439 178 NEWVOICE NINTENDO (N.A.) 310 62-63 703-648-0585 www.nintendo.com . BYTEWEARHOUSE 238 708-647-4902 HEWLETT PACKARD 61 800-85-1170 ext 9553 77 NOBLENET 222 508-460-3456" 157 BYTECH BUSINESS SYSTEMS 318 914-354-8666 563 HITACHI (INT'L) 83 78 NSTL 266 610-941-9600 c CALIFORNIA PC PRODUCTS INC 191-192 HOEISANGYOCOLTD 315 +81-3-3661-9147" 106 276 800-394-4122 139 HOOLEON CORP 314 520-634-7515 184 OBJECT MANAGEMENT LAB 318 800-6789-OML 196-197 CAMELEON TECHNOLOGY INC 314 800-440-7466 542 HYPERSYSTEMS 32IS 24 +39-11-434-2350 553 OBJECT WORLD (INT'L) 164 +49-6173-2852 559 CASPER 32IS19 +45 67 67 3000 | 108 OBJECTS INC 228 508-777-2800 ' CHEMPUTER (INT'L) 28-29 +49-69-71407-0 • IBM APPLICATIONS 34-35 800-IBM-3333 514-515 OLIVETTI S.P.A. (INT'L) 16-17 +39-125-52-48-13 323-324 COMBYTE INC 166 303-229-0660 DEVELOPMENT ext GA070 516-517 OLIVETTI S.P.A. (INT'L) 56-57 +39-2-48361 547-548 COMBYTE INC (INT'L) CIV 303-229-0660 • IBM DATA MANAGEMENT (N.A.) 28-29 800-IBM-3333 297-298 OMNICOMP GRAPHICS CORP 167 713-464-2990 • COMPAQ NOTEBOOKS (N.A.) 32NA 6-7 800-345-1518 ext GA061 530 ON TIME MARKETING 32IS22 +49-40-437472 503-504 COMPEX INC (INT'L) 81 714-630-7302 ' IBM PC 700 (N.A.) 15-17 800 IBM 4 FAX 146-147 OPUS SYSTEMS 309 408-562-9340 * COMPUSERVE (N.A.) 116A-B 800-487-4838 #8463468 130-131 ORCHESTRA MULTISYSTEMS 180 800-237-9988 218 COMPUSERVE (INT'L) 117 614-529-1349 IBM POWER SERIES (N.A.) 15-17 800 IBM 4 FAX #8473643 * OSBORNE MCGRAW-HILL 246-247 800-822-8158 218 COMPUSERVE (N.A.) 117 800-487-4838 164-165 OUTOKUMPU RESEARCH OY 317 +358-39-626-5067 • COMPUTER BOOK CLUB, THE 278A-B IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 69 800-772-2227 ID#2509 800-772-2227 ID#3170 118 COMPUTER BOOK CLUB, THE COMPUTER DISCOUNT 279 614-759-3749" * IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 71 79 P PANASONIC COMMUNICATIONS 253 800-742-8086 203-204 WAREHOUSE COMPUTER GATE COMPUTER PURCHASER'S HELPLINE 292-293 309 182 800-959-4CDW 408-730-0673 900-976-8723 328-329 269-270 564 ICL(EMBLA) ICONOVEXINC(NA) INFOCUS (INT'L) 168 139 11 703-648-3326" 800-943-0292 +31-2503-23200 212 80 129 & SYSTEMS PANELIGHT PASSPORT DESIGNS INC (N.A.) PC'S COMPLEAT 316 277 296-297 extPO 800-726-3599 415-726-0280 508-624-6400 505 COMPUTER QUICK 32IS14 415-861-8330 182-183 INNOVENTION INDUSTRIES INC 312 416-636-0052 234 PERSOFT INC 149 800-368-5283 119 COMPUTERLANE UNLIMITED 298 800-526-3482 283 INSTINCT SRL 155 +39-6-37-21-790 148 PERSONAL TEX 317 800-808-7906 137 COMPUTERWISE 317 800-255-3739 140 INTEGRAND RESEARCH 311 209-651-1203 166-167 PIKA TECHNOLOGIES 310 613-591-1555 COPIA INTERNATIONAL LTD 146 708-682-8898 518-519 INTERGRAPH CORP (INT'L) INTERNATIONAL THOMPSON PUB (INT'L) 10 TECH 15 205-730-5499 81-82 PINNACLE MICRO 7 714-727-3300 64 219 COREL CD OFFICE COMPANION COREL DRAW 6 31 143 613-728-0826 ext 3080 613-728-0826 555-556 141 72-73 + 312 44(0)171-497-1426" 216-439-4091 235 236 318-319 PKWAREINC PKWAREINC POLYCONGMBHDATASYS 142 156 195 414-354-8699 414-354-8699 +49-521-9861322" ext 3080 J 237 POPKIN S/W & SYSTEMS INC (N.A.) 212-571-3434 200-201 CORPORATE UPGRADES 314 800-240-6190 • JAMECO ELECTRONICS 301 800-831-4242 99-100 PROXIMACORP 200 800-447-7694 95 CREATIVE LABS INC 36 800-998-5227 ■ JDR MICRODEVICES 307 800-538-5000 268 PSINET (N.A.) 127 800-PSI-0852 287-288 CYBEXCORP 176 205-430-4030" K dep( 316 120-121 CYBEX CORP 299 205-430-4030" 122-123 CYBEX CORP 302 205-430-4030" 142 KILA 311 303-444-7737 Q 506-507 CYBEX CORP (INT'L) cm 205-430-4030" 225-226 72-73 KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY 198 258 714-435-2600 714-438-1850 238 ONX SOFTWARE SYSTEMS LTD 98 800-676-0566 ext 1007 D 103 KL GROUP 220 800-663-4723 307-308 OUALCOMM 181 800-2BJDORA 306 DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR 184 800-258-5061 315 KLEINMANN 187 +49-7128-929292" 149 OUALSTARCORP 316 800-468-0680 324 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 ADVERTISER CONTACT INFORMATION Inquiry No. Page No. Phone No. 239-240 QUARTERDECK OFFICE SYSTEMS 241-242 QUATECH INC 83-84 QUATECH INC 124 310-392-9851 59 800-553-1170 290 800-553-1170 326-327 RAIDTEC CORP 182 523-524 RAIMA CORP 32IS 15 243 RAINBOW TECHNOLOGIES 87 280 RAVE COMPUTER ASSOCIATES 138 172-173 RCI 310 126 RECORTF.C INC 305 350 RECORTEC INC 305 351 RECORTEC INC 305 352 RECORTEC INC 305 150 RHETOREXINC 311 299-300 ROSE ELECTRONICS 186 85-86 ROSS TECHNOLOGY INC 245 S 263 SAG ELECTRONICS 108 274 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS 129 87-88 SAMTRON DISPLAYS INC (N.A.) 209 260-261 SCEPTRE TECHNOLOGIES 144 211 SCI TRAN PRODUCTS 313 309 SCITECH INTERNATIONAL 183 244-245 SEALEVEL SYSTEMS INC 162 321-322 SEH COMPUTERTECHNIK GMBH 195 208-209 SERMAX 315 168-169 SHAFFSTALLCORP 316 158-159 SIGMA TECH SOFTWARE 311 SILICON GRAPHICS 93 187 SILICONRAX 312 151 SILICONSOFT INC 313 266-267 SMITH MICRO SOFTWARE INC 157 262 SOFTARC 96 320 SOFTBLOX INC 196 246 SOFTWARE SECURITY 150 404-664-6066 206-557-0200 800-852-8569 800-966-RAVE 800-RCI-8090 ext 71 800-729-7654 800-729-7654 800-729-7654 800-729-7654 408-370-0881 800-333-9343 800-774-7677 508-682-0055 201-229-4053 310-537-7000 800-788-2878 412-367-7063 800-622-3345 803-843-4343 +49-521-94226-0 800-209-7126 800-248-3475 818-368-6132 800-636-8184 ext D440 800-700-8560 800-969-4411 714-362-2345 905-415-7151" 800-434-0202 203-656-3932" Inquiry No. Page No. Phone No. 275-276 SOFTWAY AMERICA INC 109-110 SOLID COMPUTER GMBH 562 SOLID COMPUTER GMBH (INT1) 277 SPRINT BUSINESS SVCS (N.A.) 198-199 STARTECH COMPUTER PROD 89 STATSOFT 346 STORAGE SOLUTIONS 101 SUPRACORP(NA) 93 SYMANTEC 347 SYMANTEC 348 SYMANTEC 349 SYMANTEC 94 SYMANTEC 256-257 TADPOLE TECHNOLOGY 189-190 TALKIE 152 TALKING TECHNOLOGY INC 90 TEKTRONIX 330 TELEDAPTERSYSTEMSINC 247-248 TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 272-273 TEXAS MICRO TEXAS MICRO (N.A.) 343 TOPSPEED 249 TOSHIBA AMERICA INC 156 TRI VALLEY TECHNOLOGY INC 250-251 TRIPP LITE 163 TTI TECHNOLOGIES INC 146 255 139 83 311 205 265 217 21-23 43 317 311 184 94-95 101 100A-B 194 76-77 312 154 315 112-113 UNIDIRECT 240 188 UNITED EDUCATION CENTERS 317 303-670-5345 +49-89-3159146" +49-89-3159146" 800-669-4700 800-265-1844 ext 231 918-583-4149 203-325-0035 800-727-8647 800-450-9760 ext 9AP4 800-450-9760 ext 9AP5 800-450-9760 ext 9AP6 800-450-9760 ext 9AP7 800-628-4777 ext 9AP3 800-232-6656 800-TALKIE-4 800-685-4884 800-835-6100 ext 1037 800-997-7762 800-TI-TEXAS 713-541-8200 713-541-8200 305-785-4555 800-457-7777 510-447-2030 312-755-8741 800-541-1943 800-755-UNIX 800-877-4889 Inquiry No. Page No. Phone No. 337-338 VEROT PUBLISHING 173 800-771-EASY 153 VIDEX INC 310 503-758-0521 252-253 VIEWSONIC 66-67 909-869-7976 333-334 VISUAL NUMERICS w 171 800-364-8880 91 WALKER, RICHER & QUINN 221 206-217-7100 254 WATCOM C/C++10.5 123 519-886-3700 92 WATCOMSQL 27 519-886-3700 335-336 WESTERN DESIGN CENTER 185 602-962-4545 213 WETEX INTERNATIONAL 314 800-75WETEX 313 WIBU (INT'L) 187 +49-721-93172-22" 313 WIBU(U.S.) 187 800-986-6578 104 WINBOOK(NA) 11 800-468-0366 154 WINTEKCORP 317 800-742-6809 127 WORLDWIDE TECHNOLOGIES z 304 215-922-0116" 255 ZEOS INTERNATIONAL 118-119 800-554-5226 155 Z-WORLD ENGINEERING 316 916-757-3737 258-259 ZYXELUSA 163 714-693-0808 * Correspond directly with company. ' "Indicates FAX Number Regional Edition Definitions: DM - Ads only appear in Demographic Edition EUROPE - Ads only appear in Europe Edition IS/INT'L- Ads only appear in International Edition MW- Ads only appear in Midwest Region Edition N.A.- Ads only appear in North America Edition N E - Ads only appear in Northeast Region Edition PC - Ads only appear in Pacific Coast Region Edition SO - Ads only appear in Southern Region Edition U.S.- Ads only appear in U.S. Edition WORLD - Ads only appear in World Edition BYTE ADVERTISING SALES STAFF John M. Griffin, l/.P. of Sales, 1221 Avenue of Americas, 28th Floor, New York, NY 10020, Tel: (212) 512-2363, Fax: (212) 512-2075 Diane Lieberman, Director, Sales Operations, One Phoenix Mill Lane, Peterborough, NH 03458, Tel: (603) 924-2518, Fax: (603) 924-2683 NEW ENGLAND ME, NH, Upstate NY, VT. MA, Rl, CT, ONTARIO CANADA & EASTERN CANADA SanlordL. Fibish (617) 860-6344 Merle Model (617) 860-6221 McGraw-Hill Publications 24 Hartwell Avenue Lexington, MA 02173 FAX: (617) 860-6899 NATIONAL ACCOUNTS Jonathan Sawyer (603) 924-2665 BYTE Publications One Phoenix Mill Lane Peterborough, NH 03458 FAX: (603) 924-2683 EAST COAST NY, NYC, NJ, DE, DC. MD, PA, VA Michael Feinberg (212) 512-4811 Susan Rastellini (617) 860-6265 McGraw-Hill Publications 1221 Avenue of Americas— 28th Floor New York, NY 10020 FAX: (212) 512-2075 SOUTHEAST NC, SC, GA, FL, AL, TN, MS, AR, LA, KY,WV MaryAnn Goulding (404) 843-4782 Margot L Swanson (603) 924-2651 McGraw-Hill Publications 4170 Ashford-Dunwoody Rd., Suite 520 Atlanta, GA 30319 FAX: (404) 252-4056 MIDWEST IL, MO, KS, IA, ND.SD, MN, Wl, NE, IN, Ml, OH Lori Silverstein (614) 899-4908 Ed Ware (603) 924-2664 McGraw-Hill Publications 921 Eastwind Drive, Suite 118 Westerville, OH 43081 FAX: (614) 899-4999 SOUTHWEST, ROCKY MOUNTAIN CO. OK, TX Jennifer Walker (214) 701-8496 Kevin Lary (603) 924-2527 McGraw-Hill Publications 14850 Quorum Dr., Suite 380 Dallas, TX 75240 FAX: (214) 991-6208 NORTH PACIFIC NORTHERN CA, OR, ID, MT, WY. UT Roy J. Kops (415) 513-6861 James Bail (603) 924-2662 SILICON VALLEY, HI, WA, AK, W. CANADA James Bail (603) 924-2662 McGraw-Hill Publications 1900 O'Farrell Street, Suite 200 San Mateo, CA 94403 FAX: (415) 513-6867 SOUTH PACIFIC SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA, AZ, NM, NV Beth Dudas (714) 753-8140 Mark Speros (714) 753-8140 Brad Dixon (603) 924-2574 McGraw-Hill Publications 15635 Alton Pkwy., Suite 290 Irvine, CA 92718 FAX: (714) 753-8147 Peterborough, NH Office: Inside Sales FAX: 603-924-2683 Advertising FAX: 603-924-7507 Hardware/Software Showcase The Buyer's Mart/Classifieds Northern U.S.: Mark Stone (603) 924-2695 Southern U.S.: Ellen Perham (603) 924-2598 BYTE Publications One Phoenix Mill Lane Peterborough, NH 03458 BYTE Deck Brian Higgins (603) 924-2596 BYTE Publications One Phoenix Mill Lane Peterborough, NH 03458 EURO-DECK Joseph Mabe (603) 924-2533 BYTE Publications One Phoenix Mill Lane Peterborough, NH 03458 Regional Advertising Sections Brian Higgins (603) 924-2596 BYTE Publications One Phoenix Mill Lane Peterborough, NH 03458 INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING SALES STAFF Gary Lucas, European Sales Director, 34 Dover Street, London W1X4BR, England, Tel: +44 171 4956780, Fax: +44 171 4956734 UNITED KINGDOM, BENELUX Gary Lucas (+44 171 495 6780) Jonathan McGowan (+44 171 495 6781) McGraw-Hill Inc. 34DoverSt. London W1X4BR England FAX: +44171 4956734 GERMANY, SWITZERLAND, AUSTRIA Jiirgen Heise McGraw-Hill Inc. Liebigstrasse 1 9 D-60323 Frankfuit Germany Tel: +49 69 7140 7140 FAX: +49 69 7140 7146 Subscription Customer Service U.S. 1-800-232-2983 Outside U.S. +1-609-426-7676 For a New Subscription U.S. 1-800-257-9402 Outside U.S. +1-609-426-5526 ITALY, FRANCE, SPAIN, PORTUGAL, SCANDINAVIA Zena Coupe, Amanda Blaskett A-Z International Sales Ltd. 70 Chalk Farm Road London NW1 8AN England Tel: +44 171 2843171 FAX: +44 171 2843174 ISRAEL Dan Aronovic DARA International 41 Ravutski Ra'anana 43220 Israel Tel: +972 9 919544 FAX: +972 9 981934 TAIWAN Janet Wang Third Wave Publishing Corp. 2nd FL, No. 19-2, Lane 231 Fu Hsing North Road Taipei 105, Taiwan R.O.C. Tel: +886 2 71 36959 FAX: +886 2 7189467 HONGKONG Zoe Yen Third Wave Publishing Corp. Unit 2, 6F Hing Wah Center 82-84 To Kwa Wan Road Kowloon, Hong Kong Tel: +852 764 3830 FAX: +852 764 3857 KOREA Young-Seoh Chinn JES Media International 6th FL, Donghye Bldg. 47-16, Myungii-Dong Kangdong-Gu Seoul 134-070, Korea Tel: +82 2 4813411 FAX: +82 2 4813414 JAPAN Hirokazu Morita Japanese Advertising Communications, Inc. Three Star Building 3-10-3KandaJimbocho Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101 Japan Tel: +81 3 32614591 FAX: +81 3 32616126 AUSTRALIA Phil Bush National Advertising Services 7-13Parraween Street Cremorne NSW 2090, Australia Tel: +61 2 908 9329 FAX: +61 2 953 8274 SINGAPORE, INDIA, INDONESIA, PAKISTAN, PHILIPPINES, OTHER ASIAN AND PACIFIC COUNTRIES Janet Wang Third Wave Publishing Corp. 2nd Fl„ No. 19-1. Lane 231 Fu Hsing North Road Taipei 105, Taiwan R.O.C. Tel:+8862 7136959 ext. 226 FAX: +886 2 7189467 MALAYSIA H.K. Lim Servex (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. 5th Floor, Bena Tower 160, Jalan Ampang 50450 Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Tel: +60 3 2624592 FAX: +60 3 2624591 SEPTEMBER 1995 BYTK 325 INDEX TO ADVERTISED PRODUCTS For FREE product information from individual advertisers, circle the corresponding inquiry numbers on the response card! To receive information for an entire product category, circle the category number on the response card! Category No. Category No. Category No. Inquiry No. Page No. Inquiry No. Page No. Inquiry No. Page No. HARDWARE 78 514-515 NSTL OLIVETTI S.P.A. (INT'L) 266 16-17 13 312 LAPTOPS & NOTEBOOKS BADGER COMPUTER 197 146-147 OPUS SYSTEMS 309 COMPAQ NOTEBOOKS (N.A.) 32NA 6-7 1 ACCESSORIES/SUPPLIES 280 126 RAVE COMPUTER ASSOCIATES RECORTEC INC 138 305 200-201 CORPORATE UPGRADES 314 264-265 203-204 170 210 AERONICS INC ANTHROCORP COMPUTER GATE HALL RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGIES I LYBEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 141 208 309 309 309 350 351 352 263 RECORTEC INC RECORTEC INC RECORTEC INC SAG ELECTRONICS SILICON GRAPHICS 305 305 305 108 93 526-527 528-529 162 525 305 ECEL (INT'L) ECEL (INT'L) EDUCALC FIRST INTERNATIONAL COMPUTER JDRMICRODEVICES MICRO-INTERNATIONAL INC 103 105 314 32IS2 307 175 2 501-502 196-197 65-66 ADD-IN BOARDS BOCA RESEARCH INC (INT'L) CAMELEON TECHNOLOGY INC DIGI INTERNATIONAL FUTURE MICRO INC 120 314 207 306 187 109-110 256-257 156 255 SILICONRAX SOLID COMPUTER GMBH TADPOLE TECHNOLOGY TRI VALLEY TECHNOLOGY INC ZEOS INTERNATIONAL 312 255 159 312 118-119 516-517 129 260-261 256-257 247-248 OLIVETTI S.P.A, (INT'L) PC'SCOMPLEAT SCEPTRE TECHNOLOGIES TADPOLE TECHNOLOGY TEXAS INSTRUMENTS 56-57 296-297 144 159 94-95 206-207 297-298 GLOBETEK JAMECO ELECTRONICS OMNICOMP GRAPHICS CORPORATION 309 301 167 6 136 138 DATA ACQUISITION AMERICAN ADVANTECH GAGE APPLIED SCIENCES, INC 312 312 249 104 255 TOSHIBAAMERICAINC WINBOOK (NAM) ZEOS INTERNATIONAL 76-77 11 118-119 146-147 166-167 OPUS SYSTEMS PIKA TECHNOLOGIES 309 310 182-183 141 144 241-242 83-84 INNOVENTION INDUSTRIES INC IOTECH LAWSON LABS INC MICROSTAR LABORATORIES QUATECH INC QUATECH INC 312 312 312 313 59 290 14 MAIL ORDER 241-242 83-84 244-245 152 QUATECH INC QUATECH INC SEALEVEL SYSTEMS INC TALKING TECHNOLOGY INC 59 290 162 311 284 118 119 229 ALTEX ELECTRONICS COMPUTER DISCOUNT WAREHOUSE COMPUTERLANE UNLIMITED JAMECO ELECTRONICS MOTOROLA 188 292-293 298 301 115 3 210 BAR CODING LYBEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 309 211 151 272-273 SCI TRAN PRODUCTS SILICONSOFT INC TEXAS MICRO 313 313 101 129 213 PC'S COMPLEAT WETEX INTERNATIONAL 296-297 314 153 VIDEX INC 310 127 WORLDWIDE TECHNOLOGIES 304 4 COMMUNICATIONS/ 53 301 DIAGNOSTIC EQUIPMENT MICRO 2000 190 15 MEMORY/CHIPS/UPGRADES NETWORKING 302 MICRO 2000 191 196-197 ADVANCED MICRO DEVICES (N.A.) CAMELEON TECHNOLOGY INC 106-107 314 176-177 284 ADVANCED IMAGE COMMUNICATIONS ALTEX ELECTRONICS 313 188 7 DISK & OPTICAL DRIVES 124-125 COMPUTER PURCHASER'S HELP LINE FIRSTSOURCE INT'L 182 294 534-535 AXIS COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) 127 135 ASHTEK INC 295 * FUTURE MICRO INC 306 331-332 BUROBOTICS 172 * COMPUTER PURCHASER'S HELP LINE 182 . JAMECO ELECTRONICS 301 220-221 DATAPRODUCTS 153 160-161 GRANITE DIGITAL 313 225-226 KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY 198 * DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) 32NA3,5 563 HITACHI (INT'L) 83 310-311 LATRADE 170 * DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) 72-73 72-73 KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY 258 85-86 ROSS TECHNOLOGY INC 245 557-558 ELPROMAELECTRONICABV 32IS 18 225-226 KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY 198 208-209 SERMAX 315 538-539 ERGOTRON EUROPE 32IS13 294-295 MICRO SOLUTIONS COMP PROD 179 163 TTI TECHNOLOGIES INC 315 * IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 71 341-342 MICROPOLIS CORP (NAM) 164 335-336 WESTERN DESIGN CENTER 185 IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 69 79 PANASONIC COMMUNICATIONS & SYS 253 127 WORLDWIDE TECHNOLOGIES 304 225-226 KINGSTON TECHNOLOGY 198 81-82 PINNACLE MICRO 7 565-566 LANNET DATA COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) 227 326-327 RAIDTEC CORPORATION 182 16 MISCELLANEOUS HARDWAR 107 178 MEGAHERTZ CORPORATION (N.A.) NEWVOICE 32NA1 310 8 DISKETTES/DUPLICATORS 106 191-192 CALIFORNIA PC PRODUCTS INC HOEI SANGYO CO LTD 276 315 146-147 OPUS SYSTEMS 309 264-265 AERONICS INC 141 MOTOROLA 134-135 166-167 PIKA TECHNOLOGIES 310 318-319 POLYCONGMBH DATA SYSTEMS RCI RHETOREX INC 195 9 FAX BOARDS/MACHINES * MOTOROLA NINTENDO (N.A.) 136-137 62-63 172-173 150 310 311 176-177 331-332 ADVANCED IMAGE COMMUNICATIONS BUROBOTICS 313 172 244-245 SEALEVEL SYSTEMS INC 162 299-300 244-245 ROSE ELECTRONICS . SEALEVEL SYSTEMS INC 186 162 166-167 PIKA TECHNOLOGIES 310 17 MODEMS/MULTIPLEXORS 321-322 158-159 SEH COMPUTERTECHNIK GMBH SIGMA TECH SOFTWARE 195 311 266-267 101 SMITH MICRO SOFTWARE INC SUPRA CORPORATION (N.A.) 157 217 176-177 501-502 ADVANCED IMAGE COMMUNICATIONS BOCA RESEARCH INC (INT'L) 313 120 109-110 SOLID COMPUTER GMBH 255 11 291 KEYBOARDS DATALUX CORPORATION 331-332 BUROBOTICS 172 562 277 SOLID COMPUTER GMBH (INT'L) SPRINT BUSINESS SERVICES (N.A.) 139 83 169 278-279 JDR MICRODEVICES MAXTECH CORP (N.A.) 307 103 198-199 STARTECH COMPUTER PRODUCTS 311 174-175 ELMA ELECTRONIC 313 107 MEGAHERTZ CORPORATION (N.A.) 32NA1 152 TALKING TECHNOLOGY INC 311 139 HOOLEON CORPORATION 314 266-267 SMITH MICRO SOFTWARE INC 157 5 COMPUTER SYSTEMS 12 LAN HARDWARE 101 330 SUPRA CORPORATION (N.A.) TELEDAPTER SYSTEMS INC 217 184 133-134 ANGLE TECHNOLOGY INC 303 202 ANTEC 314 258-259 ZYXEL USA 163 APPLE COMPUTER INC APPLE COMPUTER INC 111 113 501-502 503-504 BOCA RESEARCH INC (INT'L) COMPEX INC (INT'L) 120 81 18 MONITORS & TERMINALS • APPLE COMPUTER INC (U.S.) 32A-H 287-288 CYBEX CORPORATION 176 132 ACTION 308 271 AT&TGLOBAL INFOSOLS(NA) 56-57 120-121 CYBEX CORPORATION 299 291 DATALUX CORPORATION 169 291 DATALUX CORPORATION 169 122-123 CYBEX CORPORATION 302 278-279 MAXTECH CORP (N.A.) 103 * DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) cm 506-507 CYBEX CORPORATION (INT'L) cm 230-231 NANAO USA CORP (N.A.) 81 * DELL COMPUTER CORP (N.A.) CIV * DATA COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) 225 130-131 ORCHESTRA MULTISYSTEMS 180 560-561 DIGICOM (INT'L) 62-63 67 DISTRIBUTED PROCESSING TECH 257 274 SAMSUNG ELECTRONICS 129 * GATEWAY 2000 88-89 538-539 ERGOTRON EUROPE 321S13 87-88 SAMTRON DISPLAYS INC (N.A.) 209 * IBM PC 700 (N.A.) 15-17 124-125 FIRST SOURCE INT'L 294 252-253 VIEWSONIC 66-67 * IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 71 565-566 LANNET DATA COMMUNICATIONS (INT'L) 227 * IBM SERVERS (N.A.) 69 278-279 MAXTECH CORP (N.A.) 103 19 MULTIMEDIA/CD-ROM 140 INTEGRAND RESEARCH 311 263 SAG ELECTRONICS 108 205 ANALOG WAY 315 142 KILA 311 321-322 SEH COMPUTERTECHNIK GMBH 195 185-186 BOXUGHT CORPORATION 316 98 MICRON COMPUTER Cll,1 109-110 SOLID COMPUTER GMBH 255 95 CREATIVE LABS INC 36 326 BYXK SEPTEMBER 1995 For free product information from companies featured in this issue, circle the appropriate inquiry number below and mail this card today. For quickest response, fax to 1-800-571-7730! Product Category Information To receive information for an entire category, circle (he appropriate number on the adjacent card. Hardware Accessories/Supplies 1 Add-in Boards 2 Bar Coding 3 Communications/Networking 4 Computer Systems 5 Data Acquisition 6 Diagnostic Equipment 53 Disks & Optical Drives 7 Diskettes/Duplicators 8 Fax Boards/Machines 9 Graphics Tablets/Mice/ Pen Input 10 Keyboards 11 LAN Hardware 12 Laptops & Notebooks 13 Mail Order 14 Memory/Chips/Upgrades 15 Miscellaneous Hardware 16 Modems/Multiplexors 17 Monitors & Terminals 18 Multimedia/CD-ROM 19 PCMCIA 57 Printers/Plotters 20 Programmable Hardware 21 RAID Drive Arrays 56 Scanners/OCR/Digitizers 22 Security 52 Tape Drives 23 UPS/Power Management 24 Voice Technology 55 Software Business 25 CAD/CAM 26 Communications/Networking 27 Data Acquisition 28 Database 29 Educational 30 Engineering/Scientific 31 Entertainment 32 Graphics 33 Macintosh 34 Mail Order 35 Mathematical/Statistical 36 Miscellaneous Software 37 On-Line Sen/ices 38 Operating Systems 39 OS/2 54 Programming Languages/ Tools 40 SCSI/Peripheral Interfaces 59 Security 41 Shareware 42 Software Duplication 43 Spreadsheets 44 Unix 45 Utilities 46 Windows 47 Word Processing/DTP 48 General Books/Publications 49 Recruitment 50 Miscellaneous 51 BVTE Fill out this coupon carefully. Please Print. Name Title Company Adrirpss City State Phone Fa* -Zip. A. My job function is best classified as (check one): 1 [ ] Company Management 2 [ ] IS/MIS/IT Management 3 [ ] Systems Engineering/Integration 4 ( ] Systems/Networking Consulting 5 [ ] Departmental Management (non-IS/MIS) 6 [ ] Technical Services Support 7 [ ) Other (please describe) B. What is your organization's primary business activity at this location (check one): 8 [ ] Business Services (Finance, Banking, Insurance, Healthcare, Professional) 9 [ ) Commerce/Industry (Retail, Wholesale, Construction, Mining, Manufacturing, Transportation) 10 [ ] Reseller/OEM (VAR, VAD, Systems/Network Integrator. Computer Product Manufacturer) 11 [ ] Government (Federal, State, Municipal, Military) 12 [ j Computer Services (Support, Training, Consulting) 13 ( ] Other (please specify): C. Pleaseindicate which specific fields of interest are important to you so that BYTE may serve you with supplemental information that best meets your needs (select all that apply): 14 [ ] UNIX and Workstations 15 [ ] Networking (LANs, WANs, and Telecommunications) 16] ] Multimedia 17 [ ] Reselling/Systems Integration 18 [ ] Applications Development 19] ] Other (explain): D. My responsibilities require that I be involved with the following operating system environments (check all that apply): 20 [ ] DOS 21 [ JOS/2 22 ] ] Mac/OS 23 [ ] UNIX (any, including Solaris) 24 [ ] Windows 25 [ ] Windows/NT 26[ ] NetWare 27 [ ] Other (please describe): E. The number of employees at my location and company-wide area (check one in each column): At My Company- Location Wide 28 [ ] 33 [ ; 29 [ ] 34 [ 30 ( ] 35 ( 31 [] 36 [ 32(] 37 [ 10,000 or more 5,000 to 9,999 1.000 to 4,999 100 to 999 Under 100 jPlease send me one year of BYTE . . Magazine for S1 9.97 and bill me. Offer September 1 995 I 91 97 99 | valid in U.S. and possessions only. Valid until November 30, 1995 Inquiry Numbers 1-187 1 18 35 36 2 3 4 19 20 21 37 38 52 53 54 55 69 70 71 72 86 87 88 89 103 104 105 106 120 121 122 123 137 138 139 140 154 155 156 157 171 172 173 174 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 12 13 14 29 30 31 46 47 48 63 64 65 80 81 82 97 98 99 114 115 116 131 132 133 148 149 150 165 166 167 182 183 184 Inquiry Numbers 375-561 375 376 392 393 409 410 426 427 443 444 460 461 477 476 494 495 511 512 528 529 545 546 377 378 394 395 411 412 428 429 445 446 462 483 479 480 496 497 513 514 530 531 547 546 379 380 381 396 397 396 413 414 415 430 431 432 447 448 449 464 465 466 481 482 463 498 499 500 515 516 517 532 533 534 549 550 551 Inquiry Numbers 749-935 783 800 817 834 851 750 751 767 766 784 785 801 802 818 819 835 836 652 663 I 869 870 i 886 887 ! 903 904 I 920 921 752 753 769 770 786 767 803 804 820 821 837 838 854 855 871 872 888 689 905 906 922 923 754 755 771 772 788 769 805 806 822 823 839 840 858 857 873 874 690 891 907 908 924 925 382 383 399 400 416 417 433 434 450 451 467 468 464 465 501 502 518 519 535 536 552 553 756 757 773 774 790 791 807 808 824 825 841 842 858 659 875 876 692 893 909 910 926 927 Inquiry Numbers 1123-1309 1123 1124 1140 1141 1157 1158 1174 1175 1191 1192 1208 1209 1225 1226 12421243 1259 1260 1276 1277 12931294 1125 1126 1142 1143 1159 1160 1176 1177 1193 1194 1210 1211 1227 1228 1244 1245 1261 1262 1278 1279 1295 1296 1127 11281129 1144 1145 1146 1161 11621163 1178 11791180 1195 11961197 121212131214 122912301231 124612471248 1263 1264 1265 1280 1281 1282 1297 12981299 1130 1131 1147 1148 1164 1165 1181 1182 1198 1199 1215 1216 1232 1233 1249 1250 1266 1267 1283 1284 1300 1301 384 385 386 401 402 403 418 419 420 435 436 437 452 453 454 469 470 471 486 487 488 503 504 505 520 521 522 537 538 539 554 555 556 758 759 760 775 778 777 792 793 794 809 810 811 826 827 828 843 844 845 860 861 862 877 878 879 894 895 896 911 912 913 928 929 930 1132 1133 1134 1149 1150 1151 1166 1167 1168 1183 1184 1185 1200 1201 1202 1217 12181219 1234 1235 1236 1251 12521253 1268 1269 1270 1285 1286 1287 1302 1303 1304 387 388 404 405 421 422 438 439 455 456 472 473 489 490 506 507 523 524 540 541 557 558 761 762 776 779 795 796 812 813 829 830 846 847 863 864 880 881 897 896 914 915 931 932 1135 1136 1152 1153 11691170 1186 1187 1203 1204 1220 1221 1237 1238 1254 1255 1271 1272 1288 1289 1305 1308 15 16 17 32 33 34 49 50 51 66 67 68 83 84 85 100 101 102 117 118 119 134 135 136 151 152 153 168 169 170 185 186 187 389 390 391 406 407 408 423 424 425 440 441 442 457 458 459 474 475 476 491 492 493 508 509 510 525 526 527 542 543 544 559 560 561 763 764 765 780 781 782 797 798 799 814 815 816 831 832 833 848 849 850 865 866 887 882 883 884 899 900 901 916 917 918 933 934 935 1137 1138 1139 1154 1155 1156 1171 1172 1173 1188 1189 1190 1205 12061207 1222 1223 1224 1239 12401241 1256 1257 1258 1273 1274 1275 1290 1291 1292 1307 1308 1309 Inquiry Numbers 188-374 188 189 205 206 222 223 239 240 256 257 273 274 290 291 307 308 324 325 341 342 358 359 190 191 207 208 224 225 241 242 258 259 275 276 292 293 309 310 326 327 343 344 360 361 192 193 194 209 210 211 226 227 228 243 244 245 260 261 262 277 278 279 294 295 296 311 312 313 328 329 330 345 346 347 362 363 364 Inquiry Numbers 562-748 562 563 579 580 596 597 613 614 630 631 647 648 664 665 661 682 698 699 715 716 732 733 564 565 581 582 598 599 615 616 632 633 649 650 666 667 683 884 700 701 717 718 734 735 566 567 566 583 584 585 600 601 602 617 618 619 634 635 636 651 852 653 668 669 670 685 686 687 702 703 704 719 720 721 736 737 73B 195 196 212 213 229 230 246 247 263 264 280 281 297 298 314 315 331 332 348 349 365 366 569 570 586 587 603 604 620 621 637 638 654 855 671 672 686 889 705 706 722 723 739 740 197 198 199 214 215 216 231 232 233 248 249 250 265 266 267 282 283 284 299 300 301 316 317 318 333 334 335 350 351 352 367 368 369 571 572 573 588 589 590 605 606 607 622 623 624 639 640 641 656 657 658 673 674 675 890 691 692 707 708 709 724 725 726 741 742 743 200 201 217 218 234 235 251 252 268 269 285 286 302 303 319 320 336 337 353 354 370 371 574 575 591 592 608 609 625 626 642 643 859 660 676 677 893 694 710 711 727 728 744 745 Inquiry Numbers 936-1122 936 937 953 954 970 971 987 988 10041005 1021 1022 1038 1039 1055 1056 1072 1073 1089 1090 1106 1107 938 939 955 956 972 973 989 990 1006 1007 1023 1024 1040 1041 1057 1058 1074 1075 1091 1092 1108 1109 940 941 942 957 958 959 974 975 978 991 992 993 100810091010 102510261027 1042 1043 1044 1059 1060 1061 107610771078 109310941095 1110 1111 1112 943 944 960 961 977 978 994 995 1011 1012 1028 1029 1045 1046 1062 1063 1079 1080 1096 1097 1113 1114 945 946 947 962 963 964 979 980 961 996 997 998 1013 1014 1015 1030 1031 1032 1047 1048 1049 1064 1065 1066 1081 1082 1083 1098 1099 1100 1115 1116 1117 Inquiry Numbers 1310-1489 1310 1311 1327 1328 1344 1345 1361 1362 1378 1379 1395 1396 14121413 14291430 1446 1447 1463 1464 14801481 13121313 1329 1330 13461347 1363 1364 13801381 13971398 1414 1415 1431 1432 1448 1449 1465 1466 14821483 131413151316 1331 1332 1333 1348 1349 1350 136513661367 138213831384 1399 1400 1401 141614171418 1433 1434 1435 1450 1451 1452 1467 1468 1469 148414851486 1317 1318 1319 1334 1335 1336 1351 1352 1353 1368 1369 1370 1385 1386 1387 1402 1403 1404 14191420 1421 1436 1437 1438 1453 1454 1455 1470 1471 1472 14871488 1489 1320 1321 1337 1338 1354 1355 1371 1372 1388 1389 1405 1406 1422 1423 1439 1440 1456 1457 1473 1474 948 949 965 966 982 983 999 1000 10161017 1033 1034 1050 1051 1067 1068 1084 1085 1101 1102 1118 1119 1322 1323 1339 1340 1356 1357 1373 1374 1390 1391 1407 1408 1424 1425 1441 1442 1458 1459 1475 1476 202 203 204 219 220 221 236 237 238 253 254 255 270 271 272 287 288 289 304 305 306 321 322 323 338 339 340 355 356 357 372 373 374 576 577 578 593 594 595 610 611 612 627 628 629 644 645 646 661 682 663 678 679 680 695 696 697 712 713 714 729 730 731 746 747 748 950 951 952 967 966 969 984 985 986 1001 1002 1003 1018 1019 1020 1035 1036 1037 1052 1053 1054 1069 1070 1071 1086 1087 1088 1103 1104 1105 1120 1121 1122 1324 13251326 1341 1342 1343 1358 1359 1360 1375 1376 1377 1392 1393 1394 1409 1410 1411 1426 1427 1428 1443 1444 1445 1460 1461 1462 147714781479 For free product information from companies featured in this issue, circle the appropriate inquiry number below and mail this card today. For quickest response, fax to 1-800-571-7730! m CO GO CO H o c §< CO ■mm CO z I - m CO m DO C/> ^ -H 2 DO O m CO CO ■o ■"■ DO (Z ^ Tl 5 r— S O 2 > -< ■™™ r See reverse side for card. 1. For FREE product information from individual companies, circle the corresponding inquiry numbers on the Response Card! 2. Print Your Name and Address Answer questions "A" through "E" and mail or fax card to 1-800-571-7730. 3. Product information will be rushed to you from the selected companies! c= ^ ?■ 2 — j Tl m o m o CO -H > IE F C ) m GO CO "0 O CO — 1 m m > > u do o m ■< m CO E5D INDEX TO ADVERTISED PRODUCTS Category No. Category No. Category No. Inquiry No. Page No. Inquiry No. Page No. Inquiry No. Page No. 567-568 ELEKTROSON BV (INT'L) 217 549-550 LOCUS COMPUTING (INT'L) 69 343 TOPSPEED 194 * FUTURE MICRO INC 306 * MICROSOFT CORPORATION 2-3 254 WATCOMC/C++10.5 123 191-192 HOEI SANGYO CO LTD 315 * MICROSOFT CORPORATION 12-13 92 WATCOM SQL 27 564 INFOCUS (INT'L) 11 296 MUSTANG SOFTWARE 186 283 INSTINCT SRL 155 234 PERSOFT INC 149 41 SECURITY 116-117 MRT 241 307-308 QUALCOMM 181 214-215 ALADDIN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS 50-52 212 PANELIGHT 316 266-267 SMITH MICRO SOFTWARE INC 157 306 DALLAS SEMICONDUCTOR 184 80 PASSPORT DESIGNS INC (N.A.) 277 262 SOFTARC 96 508-509 ELIASHIM MICROCOMPUTERS 32IS4 99-100 PROXIMA CORPORATION 200 189-190 TALKIE 317 510 EUTRON 32IS 20 SILICON GRAPHICS 93 91 WALKER, RICHER &QUINN 221 511-512 281 FAST HARDLOCK MARX INTERNATIONAL 32IS9 162 20 PRINTERS/PLOTTERS 28 DATA ACQUISITION 243 RAINBOW TECHNOLOGIES 87 220-221 DATAPRODUCTS 153 521-522 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 32IS 10 246 SOFTWARE SECURITY 150 557-558 ELPROMA ELECTRONICA BV HEWLETT PACKARD 32IS18 61 29 DATABASE 313-315 WIBU 187 210 LYBEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 309 137 COMPUTERWISE 317 45 UNIX 536 MANNESMANN TALLY 32IS 21 542 HYPERSYSTEMS 32IS24 303-304 AGE LOGIC 174 90 TEKTRONIX 39 * IBM DATA MANAGEMENT (N.A.) 28-29 * COPIA INTERNATIONAL LTD 146 307-308 QUALCOMM 181 540-541 DISTINCT CORPORATION 32IS16 21 PROGRAMMABLE HARDWt 224 FRAME TECHNOLOGY (N.A.) 105 214-215 ALADDIN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS 50-52 30 EDUCATIONAL 328-329 ICL(EMBLA) 168 * DATA ACCESS CORP 192 551-552 LUNAR ENERGY CO 32IS24 518-519 INTERGRAPH CORPORATION (INT'L) 15 511-512 FAST HARDLOCK 32IS9 * MCGRAW HILL NRI (N.A.) 214A-B 103 KL GROUP 220 * JDRMICRODEVICES 307 188 UNITED EDUCATION CENTERS 317 549-550 LOCUS COMPUTING (INT'L) 69 193 MICRO /SYS 315 523-524 RAIMA CORP 32IS15 243 RAINBOW TECHNOLOGIES 87 31 ENGINEERING/SCIENTIFIC 275-276 SOFTWAY AMERICA INC 146 313-315 WIBU 187 545-546 EUROSOFT TECHNOLOGY 32IS19 112-113 UNIDIRECT 240 155 Z-WORLD ENGINEERING 316 210 LYBEN COMPUTER SYSTEMS 309 164-165 OUTOKUMPU RESEARCH OY 317 46 UTILITIES 56 RAID DRIVE ARRAYS 148 PERSONAL TEX 317 102 ALLMICRO 218 346 STORAGE SOLUTIONS 265 333-334 VISUAL NUMERICS 171 301 MICRO 2000 190 22 SCANNERS/OCR/DIGITIZERS 33 GRAPHICS 302 235 MICRO 2000 PKWARE INC 191 142 216-217 BELL & HOWELL INC 130 64 COREL CD OFFICE COMPANION 31 236 PKWARE INC 156 282 MDI SYSTEMS LTD 90 219 COREL DRAW 6 143 239-240 QUARTERDECK OFFICE SYSTEMS 124 317 EMATEK GMBH 189 93 SYMANTEC 21-23 52 SECURITY 103 KL GROUP 220 347 SYMANTEC 43 214-215 ALADDIN KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS 50-52 227-228 MICROGRAFX 161 348 SYMANTEC 45 511-512 FAST HARDLOCK 32IS9 325 MIPS DATALINE AMERICA INC 193 349 SYMANTEC 47 243 RAINBOW TECHNOLOGIES 87 230-231 NANAO USA CORP (N.A.) 81 313-315 WIBU 187 80 PASSPORT DESIGNS INC (N.A.) 277 47 WINDOWS 23 TAPE DRIVES 99-100 PROXIMA CORPORATION 200 111 BBN SOFTWARE PRODUCTS (N.A.) COPIA INTERNATIONAL LTD 225 146 264-265 AERONICS INC 141 35 MAIL ORDER 540-541 DISTINCT CORPORATION 32IS16 323-324 COMBYTE INC 166 118 COMPUTER DISCOUNT WAREHOUSE 292-293 105 FINSON 237 547-548 COMBYTE INC (INT'L) CIV 505 COMPUTER QUICK 32IS14 70-71 FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES 278 68-69 EXABYTE CORPORATION 19 513 GREY MATTER LTD (INT'L) 71 181 FUZIWARE INC 318 294-295 MICRO SOLUTIONS COMP PROD 179 513 GREY MATTER LTD (INT'L) 71 149 QUALSTAR CORP 316 36 MA THEM A TIC AL/ ST AT 1ST 1 269-270 ICONOVEX INC 139 168-169 SHAFFSTALLCORP 316 145 NATIONAL INSTRUMENTS 318 179-180 KUREO TECHNOLOGY INC 318 24 UPS/POWER MANAGEMENT 148 89 PERSONAL TEX STATSOFT 317 205 # MICROSOFT CORPORATION MICROSOFT CORPORATION 2-3 12-13 194-195 ACI 316 230-231 NANAO USA CORP (N.A.) 81 344 AMERICAN POWER CONVERSION 8-9 37 MISCELLANEOUS SOFTWA 93 SYMANTEC 21-23 222-223 DELTEC/NSSI 158 105 FINSON 237 348 SYMANTEC 45 232-233 MINUTEMAN 104 530 ON TIME MARKETING 32IS22 349 SYMANTEC 47 250-251 TRIPP LITE 154 337-338 VEROT PUBLISHING 173 104 WIN BOOK (NAM) 11 SOFTWARE 38 450 ONLINE SERVICES BIX 329 48 224 WORD PROCESSING/DTP FRAME TECHNOLOGY (N.A.) 105 218 COMPUSERVE 117 269-270 ICONOVEX INC 139 25 BUSINESS 292-293 GALACTICOMM INC 177 m 316 BBN SOFTWARE PRODUCTS (N.A.) COMPUTER PURCHASER'S HELP LINE DESIGNER CHECKS 225 182 193 296 268 MUSTANG SOFTWARE PSINET (N.A.) 186 127 GENERAL 105 FINSON 237 39 OPERATING SYSTEMS IBM APPLICATIONS DEVELOPMENT 34-35 238 QNX SOFTWARE SYSTEMS LTD 98 49 BOOKS/PUBLICATIONS 227-228 MICROGRAFX 161 239-240 QUARTERDECK OFFICE SYSTEMS 124 * BUSINESS WEEK (INT'L) 277 99-100 PROXIMA CORPORATION 200 * BYTE BACK ISSUES (INTL) 209 26 CAD/CAM 40 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES/ TOOLS 63 BYTE ON CD ROM BYTE REPRINTS (CD & INT'L) 232 283 285-286 154 AMERICAN SMALL BUSINESS COMP WINTEKCORP 178 317 157 559 BYTECH BUSINESS SYSTEMS CASPER 318 32IS19 * BYTE NETWORKING ON DISK CHEMICAL ENGINEERING (INT'L) COMPUTER BOOK CLUB, THE 242 28-29 278A-B 27 COMMUNICATIONS/ 317 COPIA INTERNATIONAL LTD EMATEK GMBH 146 189 * COMPUTER BOOK CLUB, THE 279 NETWORKING 513 GREY MATTER LTD (INT'L) 71 555-556 INTERNATIONAL THOMPSON PUB (INT'L) OSBORNE MCGRAW-HILL 72-73 246-247 303-304 AGE LOGIC 174 103 KL GROUP 220 * BEAME & WHITESIDE SOFTWARE 32IS6 143 LAHEY COMPUTER SYSTEMS 318 51 MISCELLANEOUS 531-532 BEAME & WHITESIDE SOFTWARE 32IS7 520 LOGIC PROGRAMMING ASSOCIATES 32IS22 96-97 BEAME & WHITESIDE SOFTWARE (N.A.) 227 * MICROWAY 204 BYTE EDITORIAL SURVEY 282 559 CASPER 32IS19 76 MKS / MORTICE KERN SYSTEMS 148 * BYTE EURODECK (INT'L) 107 503-504 COMPEX INC (INT'L) 81 77 NOBLENET 222 * BYTE MOBILE OFFICE COMPUTING (U.S.) 283 340 DELRINA WIN FAX PRO 78 184 OBJECT MANAGEMENT LABORATORY 318 * BYTE READER 262 355-356 DIALOGIC / STYLUS INNOV (INT'L) 210 108 OBJECTS INC 228 * BYTE SUB MESSAGE 278 353-354 DIALOGIC / STYLUS INNOV (N.A.) 210 530 ON TIME MARKETING 321S22 * BYTEWEARHOUSE 238 540-541 DISTINCT CORPORATION 32IS16 237 POPKIN S/W & SYSTEMS INC (N.A.) 120 * MCGRAW-HILL COMPANIES (INT'L) 106 124-125 FIRST SOURCE INT'L 294 523-524 RAIMA CORP 32IS15 554 MESSE MUENCHEN GMBH (SYSTEMS 95) 32IS23 70-71 FRONTIER TECHNOLOGIES 278 320 SOFTBLOXINC 196 NETWORLD+INTEROP 95 ATLANTA GA 285 328-329 ICL(EMBLA) 168 94 SYMANTEC 219 553 OBJECT WORLD (INT'L) 164 SEPTEMBER 1 995 B Y X K 327 EDITORIAL INDEX For more information on any of the companies covered in articles, columns, or news stories in this issue, circle the appropriate inquiry number on the response card. Each page number refers to the first page of the article or section in which the company name appears. Inquiry No. Page No. A Aamazing Technologies 97 1015 Aardvark Software 289 1320 Acadgraph 32IS 3 Acer 32NA 4 1332 A.D.D.E. 32IS20 Adobe Systems 64, 99, 133, 239 981 AER Energy Resources 286 Altec Lansing 243 AMD 30, 74, 239 1033 America Online 85,229 1030 Apple Computer 32, 37, 54, 64,99,109,133,145, 151,165,215, 239, 32NA 4 Aquiline 233 1344 Arcom Control 32IS 22 Systems 1396 Artecon 248 1013 Artisoft 64, 235, 289 Ashton-Tate 64, 145 AST Research 37 AsusTek 32NA 4 AT&T 64,79,99,125, 133,151,201,215 1335 ATMA Sri 32IS 21 1145 Aurora Systems 21 5 Autodesk 99, 275.32IS3 983, Axis Communications 286 1324, 1330 32IS 17, 32IS19 B 1008 Bananas Software 289 BehavHeuristics 97 Beige Bag Software 97 Bentley Systems 243, 32IS 3 Bio-Plum 97 Bloomsbury Software Group 97 Boojum Computer Systems 97 Borland International 26, 64, 99,133,165,275 c CADapult 97 Calculus 97 1397 Clariion Advanced Storage 248 1034 1321 1315 1398 CNet 32NA4 Cobalt Blue 97 Commodore Business 54, 74, Systems 99 Compaq Computer 37, 54, 99, 201 CompuServe 85, 99, 229 Computervision 32IS3 Concurrent Computer 32IS16 Conner Storage Systems 248 Cybermax 30 Cykic Software 97 Cyrix 30 1399 976 991 1400 1275 1401 1011 Data Storage Marketing Dell Computer Diamond Multimedia DiGi International 248 37, 286 287 41 Digital Equipment 37, 79, 99, 145,151,201,248 Digital Frog International D-Link Double R Software DPT Dragon Systems DragonSlayer Systems Dual Durand Communications 275 32NA4 97 248 97 97 32NA4 288 Page No. Inquiry No. E Electric Banana EliteGroup 1346 Emmerson Computer Power Entropy Epson 1323 Eurolink Exodus Software F Famous Engineer Brand Software Far Stone 1318 FAW Federal Express 1321 Fiskars Flexus 1274 Franklin Quest 1235 Frye Computer Systems Functional Software 97 32NA4 32IS24 97 54, 32NA 4 32IS 17 97 97 32NA4 32IS3 125,131 32IS 17 32NA4 275 37, 32NA 8 97 1325 Galatrek International Gecko Software 1317 Genius Glacier Software Grizzlyware Groundhog Graphics Grumpfish Gunning Wordnology H Hewlett-Packard 997, 1228 Hillary Software Hitachi Horizons Technology 32IS18 97 32IS3 97 97 97 97 97 54, 79, 165,239 97 32NA2 37, 289 I 1032, IBM 37,54,64,74,79,91, 1144,1277 99,109,121,145,201, 211,215,229, 233, 235,263, 267, 275, 32NA2, 32NA8 1312 1328 1327 1322 1012 984 1231 995 1319 1150 1349 1023 ICL 32IS 16 ImageStore 32IS 17 Imagine Graphics 32IS 18 IncaaDatacom 32IS17 Infolmaging Technologies 289 InfoTech 32 Integrix 287 Intel 24, 37, 74, 99, 125,201,235,243,263 Intellicomp Technologies 287 Intergraph 32IS 3 Intergraph Computer 243 Systems International Data 25 Internet Shopper 32IS 24 Intuit 125, 165 IPC Technologies 32NA 2 Iterated Systems 289 1342 Jande! Scientific 32IS 21 K Kapok 32NA 4 Konpyuta Software PS 97 1326 LANart International 32IS 19 LeadTek 32NA4 1 402 Legacy Storage Systems 248 Page No. 1276 Lifelearn V 275 Logitech 32NA 4 1147 Lotus Development 37,54, 64, 99, 133,145,165,215 M Magenta 32IS 20 Marquis Computing 288 Mathemaesthetics 97 Matrox Electronic Systems 288 1333 1000 998 1229 1403 1278 1313 979 1404 1405 1237 1236 1355 McAfee Associates 37, 165 Mega Drive Systems 248 Megahertz 275 Meiko 32IS 16 Micro Energetics 286 MicroNet Technology 248 Micropolis 248 Microsoft 26, 32, 37, 54, 64, 74, 91,99,109,121,125,133, 145,165,201,223,229,235, 275.32NA8, 32IS3 Microsystems Software 37 MicroTek 32NA 4 Miro 32NA 4 Missing Link Computer 97 Technology Mitac 32NA 4 Motorola 54, 74, 79, 99, 263 Moxa 32NA4 N NEC 37, 54, 201 NEC Electronics 32NA 2 Netscape 85, 133 Communications Next Computer 1146, 1230 977 Night Diamond Software No-Brainer Software Novell 54,133, 32IS 24 97 97 37, 64, 79, 99, 133,201,215,275 Number Nine 287 Visual Technology Odin Research 97 Okra Marketing 97 1151 Omnicomp Graphics 243 Onyx Computer 97 O'Pin Systems 97 Oracle 37, 64, 79, 109 Ozymandias Engineering 97 P Paradigm Concepts 97 Pectronics 97 1347 Perihelion Technology 32IS 22 1406 Perisol Technology 248 Philips Electronics 32 1341 P.INK Software 32IS 21 Engineering Plaid Brothers Software 97 Plain Jayne Software 97 1407 Procom Technology 248 1035 Prodigy 229 Prolab 32NA 4 Prometheus Products 97 Promised Land Technologies 97 PropellerHead Software 97 R 1331 RAD Data 32IS 19 Communications 1148 Radish 97,215 Communications Systems 1408 Raidtec 248 Inquiry No. 980 1017 1338 1234 996 1314 1024 1352 1409 1410 1233 982 1232 1031 1003 Rancho Technology RDI Computer Relax Technology Right Answers RightFax Roderick Manhattan Group s Saber Software Sapphire Design Systems Screaming Technology Security Integration Shugart Associates Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme Silicon Graphics Simply Outstanding Software Slippery Disks Soffront Software Software Heaven Sophos Place Spatial Technology Starfish Software Storage Solutions Storage Tek Distributed Systems Division Sun Microsystems 151 SurfWare Symantec 990 1336 1329 992 1149 1411 Page No. 97 286 97 97 289 32IS 22 37 97 97 288 54,99 32IS 16 133,243 97 97 289 97 32IS 24 32IS3 165,275 248 248 54,74,99, 97 37, 275 Tandberg Data Tally Systems Tandy Tatung TechnoJock Software Tektronix Texas Instruments Third Planet Software THOR Manufacturing Treacyfaces Triticom Two Nerds and a Suit u U-Lead Umax Up-Safe USA Flex U.S. Robotics Utopia Grokware V Verimation Via Technology ViewSonic Vobis Microcomputer 2B6 37 74,99 32NM 97 239 25, 30, 133 97 97 97 288 97 32NA4 32NA4 32NA4 30 215,287 97 32IS 22 32NA4 32NA4 30, 32IS17 w Wacom Technology Whiskey Hill Software Wildfire Communications Winchester Systems 287 97 215 248 WordPerfect Working Software X Xerox Xerox PARC 37, 54, 64, 99 97 54,79 99, 121, 133 1316 IS pages appear only in the International edition. NA pages appear only in the North America edition. Ziegler Informatics Zilog Zoom Telephonies 32IS3 54,74 215 328 BYXK SEPTEMBER 1995 BIMour Coach to the Internet! ^£\\ J*i£^ Gjve B!x a try wjth our new 5 for Free offer! Join BIX \^* today and get 5 hours of evening and weekend access for free! Take the rest of the calendar month to explore BIX, and then continue for our standard $13 monthly membership fee. CrT Father details and complete rate information are provided during registration. Using any communications program, dial 1-800-695-4882. At the "logon" prompt enter bix. Then at the "name?" prompt enter bix.byte39. If you have any questions, call us at 1-800-695-4775 (voice). Or fax us at 617-491-6642. Send Internet mail to info@bix.com. Windows users can order BlXnav, our graphical interface for BIX, for easy point and click access. Details are available during registration. % V ?orv ^ N The Internet connects you with more than 10 million people , at universities, companies, and other online services. Now, get full access to the Internet free of charge when you subscribe to BIX! You'll also get expert assistance from BIX moderators who can help you find your way around the Internet. These experts can guide you through the many services and features available, and help you find the information you're looking for. Anytime you need help, just join our special 'internet' conference and get fast answers to your questions. As you become more familiar with the Internet, you'll be able to download files from all over the world using FTP, connect to other sites and services through telnet, read and reply to Usenet Newsgroups, access utilities like finger and whois, and much more! BIX and the Internet together provide the largest and most effective technical resource for computing professionals. And with over 600 local access numbers in the U.S., plus telnet access via the Internet, BIX makes it easy to connect. Try BIX today through our special 5 for Free offer - and become part of the top technical team! Under the 5 for Free plan, daytime rates ($9/hr.) apply for access during prime lime hours. The 5 for Free offer is valid for first-time members only. Circle 450 on Inquiry Card. BIX If you can hack ii COMMENTARY Douglas Engelbart Dreaming of the Future Digital technology could help make this a better world. But we've also got to change our way of thinking. espite the rapid progression of comput- i ing technology, the world faces incredible ' hazards as we enter a common economic- political vehicle, traveling at an ever- accelerating pace through increasingly complex terrain. Our headlights are much too dim and blurry, and we have totally inadequate steering and braking controls. Many years ago, I dreamed that digital technology could greatly augment our collective human capabilities for dealing with complex, urgent problems. Computers, high-speed communications, displays, interfaces — it's as if suddenly, in an evolutionary sense, we're getting a super new nervous system to upgrade our collective so- cial organisms. I dreamed that people were talking seri- ously about the potential of harnessing that technological and social nervous system to improve the collective IQ of our various organizations. Then I dreamed that we got strategic and began to form cooperative alliances of organizations, employing advanced networked computer tools and methods to de- velop and apply new collective knowledge. Call these alliances NICs (Networked Improvement Communities). This seemed eminently sensible. The new technologies could enable much more effective distributed collabo- ration, and the potential for shared risk and multiplied benefits seemed promising. In the dream, the solution involves giving high priority to the collective capability for a distributed community (or organization) to develop, integrate, and apply new knowledge. We already had this capability, of course; organizations handle new collective problems all the time. But yes, it would be nice if we could be a lot more effective at it. In the dream, this collaborative capability was called CoDIAK, for Concurrent Development, In- tegration, and Application of Knowledge. Sounds great. The better we get, the better we get at getting better. Call it bootstrapping. And just think of the important role for technologists. Although exciting new technology innovations have in- deed been introduced within the NICs, the technology efforts have been overshadowed by the concurrent ef- for s in "human-system" innovation. This includes new skills, methods, collaborative organizational structures, telecommuting, knowledge-worker teams, distributed goal setting, planning and management processes. One of the ideas computer-oriented folks have con- tributed is the open hyperdocument system. For this to make a difference, we must shed our outdated concept of a document. We need to think in terms of flexible jump- ing and viewing options. The objects assembled into a document should be dealt with explicitly as representa- ions of kernel concepts in the authors' minds, and explicit structuring options have to be utilized to provide a much enhanced mapping of the source concept structures. The Web/HTML ( Hyper ext Markup Language) pub- lishing-browsing landslide has moved steadily toward a highly structured, object-oriented architecture with in- tegrated editor-browser tool sets. But his needs to become the way the majority of people do all their work. Draft notes, E-mail, plans, source code, to-do lists, what have you — all can be hyperdocument pieces, instantly and in- trinsically linkable, and with work processes involving fewer and fewer hard-copy printouts. It has been exciting to watch the emergence of total- quality management, process reengineering, Nil (Na- tional Information Infrastructure), the World Wide Web, and so for h. But it pains me hat we haven't yet put up an explicit CoDIAK target, nor explored how NICs could fly. Since the first of these dreams got fixed in my head, decades ago, I've struggled with the realization that the sooner the world gets serious about pursuing the possi- bilities, the greater the chance that we can reduce the hazards facing this careening vessel carrying us along. If the dream of improving human destiny doesn't move people, how about the thought that the companies that adopt the best CoDIAK-improvement strategy will have a significant competitive advantage. Wouldn't you want your group to have the highest collective IQ? I confess that lama dreamer. Someone once called me "just a dreamer." That offended me, the "just" par ; be- ing a real dreamer is hard work. It really gets hard when you start believing in your dreams. ■ As a researcher and inventor in the late 1950s and early 1960s, Douglas Engelbart envisioned most of the computing concepts we now take for granted (see the brief biography on page 137). He heads the Bootstrap Institute. You can reach him by sending E-mail to engelbart@bootstrap.org. 330 BYTE SEPTEMBER 1995 DELL DIMENSION Reliable PCsFor High Performance Computing DELL DIMENSION™ XPSPIOOc 100MHz PENTIUM* PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS® 6.2/Microsof^ Windows® 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Add a 28.8 US Robotics Fax/ Modem for only $149 more. Business Lease: S67/Mo. Order Code #500123 100MHz Pentium Processor PC For Only $1799 YOU'VE JUST ENTERED A We call it the really low price zone. Where you can get an award- winning Dell Dimension XPS P100 machine for less than you ever thought possible. You also get the advantage of award-winning service and support. In fact, we've recently won a "Best" in PC Worlds Reliability and Service study. So with Dell, you get a high quality PC at a great price, without paying the price in the areas of reliability and support. That's what we call being in the zone. D0LL TO ORDER, CALL 800-247-2607 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri 7am-9pm CT • Sat 10am-6pm CT Sun12pm-5pmCT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01038 i- .« <i c e H o r Dell's featured digital artist is Sanjay Kothari of New York, NY. DELL LATITUDE XPi P75D 75MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • 10.4" Dual Scan Color Display • 8MB RAM (40MB Max RAM) • 256KB L2 Cache • 420MB Removable Hard Drive (1.2GB Max) • Smart Lithium Ion Battery with Advanced Power Management • 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM • 2 Type 11/1 Type III PCMCIA Expansion Slots • 6.2 Pounds • 1 YearWarranty t • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee* DELL LATITUDE LX4100D 100MHz INTELDX4™ PROCESSOR • 10.4" Dual Scan Color Display • 4MB RAM (20MB Max RAM) • 1 28KB L2 Cache • 420MB Upgradeable Hard Drive (810MB Max) • $99 More for 2nd NiMH Battery (Slides into floppy drive to achieve extended battery life) • 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM • 2 Type 11/1 Type III PCMCIA Expansion Slots • 6.2 Pounds • 1 Year Warranty • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee $2999 $1999 Business Lease: $111/Mo. Order Code #800025 DELL LATITUDE XPi P90T 90MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • 10.4" Active Matrix Color Display • 8MB RAM (40MB Max RAM) • 256KB L2 Cache • 420MB Removable Hard Drive (1.2GB Max) • Smart Lithium Ion Battery with Advanced Power Management • 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM • 2 Type 11/1 Type III PCMCIA Expansion Slots • 6.2 Pounds • 3 Year Extended Warranty' • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee Business Lease: $74/Mo. Order Code #800020 DELL LATITUDE LX 41 00D 100MHz INTELDX4 PROCESSOR • 10.4" Dual Scan Color Display • 8MB RAM (20MB Max RAM) • 128KB L2 Cache • 810MB Upgradeable Hard Drive • $99 More for 2nd NiMH Battery (Slides into floppy drive to achieve extended battery life) • 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM • 2 Type 11/1 Type III PCMCIA Expansion Slots • 6.2 Pounds • 1 Year Warranty • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee Dell's featured digital artist is Sanjay Kothari of New York, N.Y. Now we've dropped prices on our entire Dell Dimension Pentium processor line. So compare spec to spec, hertz to hertz and decimal point to decimal point with any other Pentium processor PC, and you'll find Dell comes out on top. Actually, you'll come out on top. Because, besides getting a great deal on our award- winning PCs, you'll also get a company that has a proven track record in service, support and reliability. A record eleven years in the making. So order your new, low-priced Dell Pentium processor PC today. And save across the board with a single phone call. D0LL $4499 $2599 Business tease: $762/Mo. Order Code #800030 Business Lease: $96/Mo. Order Code #800022 TO ORDER, CALL 800-247-5508 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri 7am-9pm CT • Sat 10am -6pm CT Sun12pm-5pmCT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01039 DELL DIMENSION XPS P133c 133MHz PENTIUM" PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 16MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 512KB Pipeline Burst Cache • 1.6GB Hard Drive (10ms. Mode 4) • 17LS Monitor (17" CRT, Nl) • 9FX Motion Graphics Accelerator with 2MB VRAM • Dual 4X Multi-session EIOE CO-ROMs • MS' Office 4.3, MS Bookshelf. Visio Express for MS Office • Sound Blaster 16 Sound Card • Altec Lansing ACS-5 Speakers • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support DELL DIMENSION XPS P133c 133MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Pipeline Burst Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LS Monitor{15" CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 2MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • Sound Blaster 16 Sound Card • Altec Lansing ACS-5 Speakers • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support • AddtheHPDeskJet 660C for affordable color printing for only $499 more. DELL DIMENSION XPS P120c 120MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Pipeline Burst Cache • 1GB Hard Drive (10ms, Mode 4) • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT. Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • MS Office 4.3, MS Bookshelf. Visio Express for MS Office • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-OOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Add 1MB of Video DRAM for only $49 more. $3799 $2499 $2399 Business Lease: $137/Mo. Order Code #500129 Business Lease: $92/Mo. Order Code #500127 Business Lease: $B9/Mo. Order Code #500130 DELL DIMENSION XP: 100MHz PENTIUM PROCES • Mini Tower Model • 16MB EDO Memory (12F • 256KB Pipeline Burst Ce • 1GB Hard Drive (10ms. ! • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT, f • 9FX Motion Graphics Ac 2MB VRAM • 4X Multi-session EIDE C • MS Office 4.3. MS Book Visio Express for MS Of •AWE32 Wave Table Sol • Altec Lansing ACS-31 S • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/^ • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft 3.1/30 Days Free Suppo $2799 Business Lease: $104/Mo Order Code #500131 DELL DIMENSION XPS P100c 100MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB EDO Memory (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB Hard Drive (12ms) • 15LS Monitor (15° CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support • Upgrade to a 3 Year Extended Warranty for only $199 more. Pictured System $1799 Business Lease: $67/Mo. Order Code #500123 DELL DIMENSION P90 90MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB RAM (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 1GB Hard Drive (10ms. Mode 4) • 15LS Monitor (15" CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PC1 1 MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • Sound Blaster 16 Sound Card • Altec Lansing ACS-5 Speakers • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-OOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support DELL DIMENSION P75 75MHz PENTIUM PROCESSOR • Mini Tower Model • 8MB RAM (128MB Max RAM) • 256KB Writeback Cache • 540MB HardDrive(12ms) I* 15LS Monitor (15" CRT, Nl) • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM Video • 4X Multi-session EIDE CD-ROM Drive • MS Office 4.3, MS Bookshelf, Visio Express for MS Office • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/Mouse • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft Windows 3.1/30 Days Free Support $1999 $1699 Business Lease: $74/Mo. Order Code #500132 Business Lease: $63/Mo. Order Code #500128 DELL DIMENSION P7! 75MHz PENTIUM PROCESS • Mini Tower Model •8MB RAM (128MB Max • 256KB Writeback Cache •540MB Hard Drive(12m • 14LS Monitor (14" CRT. I • 64-bit PCI 1MB DRAM V • 3.5" Diskette Drive • Spacesaver Keyboard/P • MS-DOS 6.2/Microsoft < 3.1/30 Days Free Suppo *Adda3C0MELinklllCo, Interface Card for only S $1399 Business Lease: $52/Mo. Order Code #500115 •SYSTEMS FEATURED ARE JUST A SAMPLING OF THE THOUSANDS OF POPULAR CONFIGURATIONS AVAILABLE. ^Promotional pricing is not discountable. *Guaranteesavailable in the U.S. only for registered owners of Dell Dimension systems purchased after 8/1/93 and Dell Latitude systems purchased after 8/8/94. tFor a complete copy of our Guarantees or Limited Warranties, please write Dell USA LP., 2214 W. Braker Lane, Building 3. Austin, TX 78758. OBusiness leasing arranged by Leasing Group, Inc. 'Prices and specifications valid in the U.S. only and subject to change without notice. The Intel Inside logo and Pentium are registered trademarks and lntelDX4 is a trademark of Intel Corporation. MS-DOS, MS, Windows and Microsoft are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. ©1995 Dell Computer Corporation. All rights reserved. pen DELL LATITUDE Dependable Notebooks With Superior Battery Life DEIT LATITUDE™ XPi P75D 75MHz PENTIUM® PROCESSOR • 10.4" Dual Scan Color Display • 8MB RAM (40MB Max RAM) • 256KB L2 Cache • 420MB Removable Hard Drive (1.2GB Max) • Smart Lithium Ion Battery with Advanced Power Management * 32-bit Local-bus Video, 1MB Video RAM Expansion Slots • 6.2 Pounds • Optional Dell Latitude Desk Dock™ Available • 1 Year Warrant • 30 Day Money-back Guarantee* Business Lease : $111/Mo. Order Code #800025 Our New Pentium Chip Latitude XPi $2999 IT'S LIKE GETTING THIS MUCH BATTERY LIFE A PENTIUM CHIP NOTEBOOK. If airlines had outlets at every seat, it wouldn't matter so much that most Pentium processor notebooks only last an hour or two. But the only outlets are in the restroom. And you can't spend the whole trip in there. Introducing the Dell Latitude XPi notebook. The firstPentium processor notebook that can last take-off to touch- down. Coast to coast. This thanks to Dell's record-breaking smart Lithium Ion battery and power management technology (not to mention Intel's new LM Pentium chip). In "Cross- Country"™ tests conducted by VeriTest, inc., a leading independent test lab, the Dell Latitude XPi P75 dual scan notebook lasted an average of 4 hours and 40 minutes. That's LA to New York, no problem. Of course, actual battery life will vary depending on the nature of your use and configuration. You might even get more. Call us now to orderyour Latitude XPi. D^LL TO ORDER, CALL 800-247-2304 In Canada* call 800-668-3021 Mon-Fri 7am-9pm CT • Sat 10am-6pm CT Sun 12pm-5pm CT • http://www.us.dell.com/ Keycode #01037 c The VeriTest Cross-Country v2.0 test simulates typical executive use of Microsoft Office k applications in Microsoft Windows'" 3.1 1 during an airplane flight. Power management was enabled and 8MB RAM was installed. VeriTest, inc. is located in Santa Monica, CA. Promotional pricing is not discountable.